xref: /linux/fs/fat/fat.h (revision 599914e146a772f7ceb39912a73565d90336e5e3)
1  /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
2  #ifndef _FAT_H
3  #define _FAT_H
4  
5  #include <linux/buffer_head.h>
6  #include <linux/nls.h>
7  #include <linux/hash.h>
8  #include <linux/ratelimit.h>
9  #include <linux/msdos_fs.h>
10  
11  /*
12   * vfat shortname flags
13   */
14  #define VFAT_SFN_DISPLAY_LOWER	0x0001 /* convert to lowercase for display */
15  #define VFAT_SFN_DISPLAY_WIN95	0x0002 /* emulate win95 rule for display */
16  #define VFAT_SFN_DISPLAY_WINNT	0x0004 /* emulate winnt rule for display */
17  #define VFAT_SFN_CREATE_WIN95	0x0100 /* emulate win95 rule for create */
18  #define VFAT_SFN_CREATE_WINNT	0x0200 /* emulate winnt rule for create */
19  
20  #define FAT_ERRORS_CONT		1      /* ignore error and continue */
21  #define FAT_ERRORS_PANIC	2      /* panic on error */
22  #define FAT_ERRORS_RO		3      /* remount r/o on error */
23  
24  #define FAT_NFS_STALE_RW	1      /* NFS RW support, can cause ESTALE */
25  #define FAT_NFS_NOSTALE_RO	2      /* NFS RO support, no ESTALE issue */
26  
27  struct fat_mount_options {
28  	kuid_t fs_uid;
29  	kgid_t fs_gid;
30  	unsigned short fs_fmask;
31  	unsigned short fs_dmask;
32  	unsigned short codepage;   /* Codepage for shortname conversions */
33  	int time_offset;	   /* Offset of timestamps from UTC (in minutes) */
34  	char *iocharset;           /* Charset used for filename input/display */
35  	unsigned short shortname;  /* flags for shortname display/create rule */
36  	unsigned char name_check;  /* r = relaxed, n = normal, s = strict */
37  	unsigned char errors;	   /* On error: continue, panic, remount-ro */
38  	unsigned char nfs;	  /* NFS support: nostale_ro, stale_rw */
39  	unsigned short allow_utime;/* permission for setting the [am]time */
40  	unsigned quiet:1,          /* set = fake successful chmods and chowns */
41  		 showexec:1,       /* set = only set x bit for com/exe/bat */
42  		 sys_immutable:1,  /* set = system files are immutable */
43  		 dotsOK:1,         /* set = hidden and system files are named '.filename' */
44  		 isvfat:1,         /* 0=no vfat long filename support, 1=vfat support */
45  		 utf8:1,	   /* Use of UTF-8 character set (Default) */
46  		 unicode_xlate:1,  /* create escape sequences for unhandled Unicode */
47  		 numtail:1,        /* Does first alias have a numeric '~1' type tail? */
48  		 flush:1,	   /* write things quickly */
49  		 nocase:1,	   /* Does this need case conversion? 0=need case conversion*/
50  		 usefree:1,	   /* Use free_clusters for FAT32 */
51  		 tz_set:1,	   /* Filesystem timestamps' offset set */
52  		 rodir:1,	   /* allow ATTR_RO for directory */
53  		 discard:1,	   /* Issue discard requests on deletions */
54  		 dos1xfloppy:1;	   /* Assume default BPB for DOS 1.x floppies */
55  };
56  
57  #define FAT_HASH_BITS	8
58  #define FAT_HASH_SIZE	(1UL << FAT_HASH_BITS)
59  
60  /*
61   * MS-DOS file system in-core superblock data
62   */
63  struct msdos_sb_info {
64  	unsigned short sec_per_clus;  /* sectors/cluster */
65  	unsigned short cluster_bits;  /* log2(cluster_size) */
66  	unsigned int cluster_size;    /* cluster size */
67  	unsigned char fats, fat_bits; /* number of FATs, FAT bits (12,16 or 32) */
68  	unsigned short fat_start;
69  	unsigned long fat_length;     /* FAT start & length (sec.) */
70  	unsigned long dir_start;
71  	unsigned short dir_entries;   /* root dir start & entries */
72  	unsigned long data_start;     /* first data sector */
73  	unsigned long max_cluster;    /* maximum cluster number */
74  	unsigned long root_cluster;   /* first cluster of the root directory */
75  	unsigned long fsinfo_sector;  /* sector number of FAT32 fsinfo */
76  	struct mutex fat_lock;
77  	struct mutex nfs_build_inode_lock;
78  	struct mutex s_lock;
79  	unsigned int prev_free;      /* previously allocated cluster number */
80  	unsigned int free_clusters;  /* -1 if undefined */
81  	unsigned int free_clus_valid; /* is free_clusters valid? */
82  	struct fat_mount_options options;
83  	struct nls_table *nls_disk;   /* Codepage used on disk */
84  	struct nls_table *nls_io;     /* Charset used for input and display */
85  	const void *dir_ops;	      /* Opaque; default directory operations */
86  	int dir_per_block;	      /* dir entries per block */
87  	int dir_per_block_bits;	      /* log2(dir_per_block) */
88  	unsigned int vol_id;		/*volume ID*/
89  
90  	int fatent_shift;
91  	const struct fatent_operations *fatent_ops;
92  	struct inode *fat_inode;
93  	struct inode *fsinfo_inode;
94  
95  	struct ratelimit_state ratelimit;
96  
97  	spinlock_t inode_hash_lock;
98  	struct hlist_head inode_hashtable[FAT_HASH_SIZE];
99  
100  	spinlock_t dir_hash_lock;
101  	struct hlist_head dir_hashtable[FAT_HASH_SIZE];
102  
103  	unsigned int dirty;           /* fs state before mount */
104  	struct rcu_head rcu;
105  };
106  
107  #define FAT_CACHE_VALID	0	/* special case for valid cache */
108  
109  /*
110   * MS-DOS file system inode data in memory
111   */
112  struct msdos_inode_info {
113  	spinlock_t cache_lru_lock;
114  	struct list_head cache_lru;
115  	int nr_caches;
116  	/* for avoiding the race between fat_free() and fat_get_cluster() */
117  	unsigned int cache_valid_id;
118  
119  	/* NOTE: mmu_private is 64bits, so must hold ->i_mutex to access */
120  	loff_t mmu_private;	/* physically allocated size */
121  
122  	int i_start;		/* first cluster or 0 */
123  	int i_logstart;		/* logical first cluster */
124  	int i_attrs;		/* unused attribute bits */
125  	loff_t i_pos;		/* on-disk position of directory entry or 0 */
126  	struct hlist_node i_fat_hash;	/* hash by i_location */
127  	struct hlist_node i_dir_hash;	/* hash by i_logstart */
128  	struct rw_semaphore truncate_lock; /* protect bmap against truncate */
129  	struct timespec64 i_crtime;	/* File creation (birth) time */
130  	struct inode vfs_inode;
131  };
132  
133  struct fat_slot_info {
134  	loff_t i_pos;		/* on-disk position of directory entry */
135  	loff_t slot_off;	/* offset for slot or de start */
136  	int nr_slots;		/* number of slots + 1(de) in filename */
137  	struct msdos_dir_entry *de;
138  	struct buffer_head *bh;
139  };
140  
141  static inline struct msdos_sb_info *MSDOS_SB(struct super_block *sb)
142  {
143  	return sb->s_fs_info;
144  }
145  
146  /*
147   * Functions that determine the variant of the FAT file system (i.e.,
148   * whether this is FAT12, FAT16 or FAT32.
149   */
150  static inline bool is_fat12(const struct msdos_sb_info *sbi)
151  {
152  	return sbi->fat_bits == 12;
153  }
154  
155  static inline bool is_fat16(const struct msdos_sb_info *sbi)
156  {
157  	return sbi->fat_bits == 16;
158  }
159  
160  static inline bool is_fat32(const struct msdos_sb_info *sbi)
161  {
162  	return sbi->fat_bits == 32;
163  }
164  
165  /* Maximum number of clusters */
166  static inline u32 max_fat(struct super_block *sb)
167  {
168  	struct msdos_sb_info *sbi = MSDOS_SB(sb);
169  
170  	return is_fat32(sbi) ? MAX_FAT32 :
171  		is_fat16(sbi) ? MAX_FAT16 : MAX_FAT12;
172  }
173  
174  static inline struct msdos_inode_info *MSDOS_I(struct inode *inode)
175  {
176  	return container_of(inode, struct msdos_inode_info, vfs_inode);
177  }
178  
179  /*
180   * If ->i_mode can't hold S_IWUGO (i.e. ATTR_RO), we use ->i_attrs to
181   * save ATTR_RO instead of ->i_mode.
182   *
183   * If it's directory and !sbi->options.rodir, ATTR_RO isn't read-only
184   * bit, it's just used as flag for app.
185   */
186  static inline int fat_mode_can_hold_ro(struct inode *inode)
187  {
188  	struct msdos_sb_info *sbi = MSDOS_SB(inode->i_sb);
189  	umode_t mask;
190  
191  	if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode)) {
192  		if (!sbi->options.rodir)
193  			return 0;
194  		mask = ~sbi->options.fs_dmask;
195  	} else
196  		mask = ~sbi->options.fs_fmask;
197  
198  	if (!(mask & S_IWUGO))
199  		return 0;
200  	return 1;
201  }
202  
203  /* Convert attribute bits and a mask to the UNIX mode. */
204  static inline umode_t fat_make_mode(struct msdos_sb_info *sbi,
205  				   u8 attrs, umode_t mode)
206  {
207  	if (attrs & ATTR_RO && !((attrs & ATTR_DIR) && !sbi->options.rodir))
208  		mode &= ~S_IWUGO;
209  
210  	if (attrs & ATTR_DIR)
211  		return (mode & ~sbi->options.fs_dmask) | S_IFDIR;
212  	else
213  		return (mode & ~sbi->options.fs_fmask) | S_IFREG;
214  }
215  
216  /* Return the FAT attribute byte for this inode */
217  static inline u8 fat_make_attrs(struct inode *inode)
218  {
219  	u8 attrs = MSDOS_I(inode)->i_attrs;
220  	if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode))
221  		attrs |= ATTR_DIR;
222  	if (fat_mode_can_hold_ro(inode) && !(inode->i_mode & S_IWUGO))
223  		attrs |= ATTR_RO;
224  	return attrs;
225  }
226  
227  static inline void fat_save_attrs(struct inode *inode, u8 attrs)
228  {
229  	if (fat_mode_can_hold_ro(inode))
230  		MSDOS_I(inode)->i_attrs = attrs & ATTR_UNUSED;
231  	else
232  		MSDOS_I(inode)->i_attrs = attrs & (ATTR_UNUSED | ATTR_RO);
233  }
234  
235  static inline unsigned char fat_checksum(const __u8 *name)
236  {
237  	unsigned char s = name[0];
238  	s = (s<<7) + (s>>1) + name[1];	s = (s<<7) + (s>>1) + name[2];
239  	s = (s<<7) + (s>>1) + name[3];	s = (s<<7) + (s>>1) + name[4];
240  	s = (s<<7) + (s>>1) + name[5];	s = (s<<7) + (s>>1) + name[6];
241  	s = (s<<7) + (s>>1) + name[7];	s = (s<<7) + (s>>1) + name[8];
242  	s = (s<<7) + (s>>1) + name[9];	s = (s<<7) + (s>>1) + name[10];
243  	return s;
244  }
245  
246  static inline sector_t fat_clus_to_blknr(struct msdos_sb_info *sbi, int clus)
247  {
248  	return ((sector_t)clus - FAT_START_ENT) * sbi->sec_per_clus
249  		+ sbi->data_start;
250  }
251  
252  static inline void fat_get_blknr_offset(struct msdos_sb_info *sbi,
253  				loff_t i_pos, sector_t *blknr, int *offset)
254  {
255  	*blknr = i_pos >> sbi->dir_per_block_bits;
256  	*offset = i_pos & (sbi->dir_per_block - 1);
257  }
258  
259  static inline loff_t fat_i_pos_read(struct msdos_sb_info *sbi,
260  					struct inode *inode)
261  {
262  	loff_t i_pos;
263  #if BITS_PER_LONG == 32
264  	spin_lock(&sbi->inode_hash_lock);
265  #endif
266  	i_pos = MSDOS_I(inode)->i_pos;
267  #if BITS_PER_LONG == 32
268  	spin_unlock(&sbi->inode_hash_lock);
269  #endif
270  	return i_pos;
271  }
272  
273  static inline void fat16_towchar(wchar_t *dst, const __u8 *src, size_t len)
274  {
275  #ifdef __BIG_ENDIAN
276  	while (len--) {
277  		*dst++ = src[0] | (src[1] << 8);
278  		src += 2;
279  	}
280  #else
281  	memcpy(dst, src, len * 2);
282  #endif
283  }
284  
285  static inline int fat_get_start(const struct msdos_sb_info *sbi,
286  				const struct msdos_dir_entry *de)
287  {
288  	int cluster = le16_to_cpu(de->start);
289  	if (is_fat32(sbi))
290  		cluster |= (le16_to_cpu(de->starthi) << 16);
291  	return cluster;
292  }
293  
294  static inline void fat_set_start(struct msdos_dir_entry *de, int cluster)
295  {
296  	de->start   = cpu_to_le16(cluster);
297  	de->starthi = cpu_to_le16(cluster >> 16);
298  }
299  
300  static inline void fatwchar_to16(__u8 *dst, const wchar_t *src, size_t len)
301  {
302  #ifdef __BIG_ENDIAN
303  	while (len--) {
304  		dst[0] = *src & 0x00FF;
305  		dst[1] = (*src & 0xFF00) >> 8;
306  		dst += 2;
307  		src++;
308  	}
309  #else
310  	memcpy(dst, src, len * 2);
311  #endif
312  }
313  
314  /* fat/cache.c */
315  extern void fat_cache_inval_inode(struct inode *inode);
316  extern int fat_get_cluster(struct inode *inode, int cluster,
317  			   int *fclus, int *dclus);
318  extern int fat_get_mapped_cluster(struct inode *inode, sector_t sector,
319  				  sector_t last_block,
320  				  unsigned long *mapped_blocks, sector_t *bmap);
321  extern int fat_bmap(struct inode *inode, sector_t sector, sector_t *phys,
322  		    unsigned long *mapped_blocks, int create, bool from_bmap);
323  
324  /* fat/dir.c */
325  extern const struct file_operations fat_dir_operations;
326  extern int fat_search_long(struct inode *inode, const unsigned char *name,
327  			   int name_len, struct fat_slot_info *sinfo);
328  extern int fat_dir_empty(struct inode *dir);
329  extern int fat_subdirs(struct inode *dir);
330  extern int fat_scan(struct inode *dir, const unsigned char *name,
331  		    struct fat_slot_info *sinfo);
332  extern int fat_scan_logstart(struct inode *dir, int i_logstart,
333  			     struct fat_slot_info *sinfo);
334  extern int fat_get_dotdot_entry(struct inode *dir, struct buffer_head **bh,
335  				struct msdos_dir_entry **de);
336  extern int fat_alloc_new_dir(struct inode *dir, struct timespec64 *ts);
337  extern int fat_add_entries(struct inode *dir, void *slots, int nr_slots,
338  			   struct fat_slot_info *sinfo);
339  extern int fat_remove_entries(struct inode *dir, struct fat_slot_info *sinfo);
340  
341  /* fat/fatent.c */
342  struct fat_entry {
343  	int entry;
344  	union {
345  		u8 *ent12_p[2];
346  		__le16 *ent16_p;
347  		__le32 *ent32_p;
348  	} u;
349  	int nr_bhs;
350  	struct buffer_head *bhs[2];
351  	struct inode *fat_inode;
352  };
353  
354  static inline void fatent_init(struct fat_entry *fatent)
355  {
356  	fatent->nr_bhs = 0;
357  	fatent->entry = 0;
358  	fatent->u.ent32_p = NULL;
359  	fatent->bhs[0] = fatent->bhs[1] = NULL;
360  	fatent->fat_inode = NULL;
361  }
362  
363  static inline void fatent_set_entry(struct fat_entry *fatent, int entry)
364  {
365  	fatent->entry = entry;
366  	fatent->u.ent32_p = NULL;
367  }
368  
369  static inline void fatent_brelse(struct fat_entry *fatent)
370  {
371  	int i;
372  	fatent->u.ent32_p = NULL;
373  	for (i = 0; i < fatent->nr_bhs; i++)
374  		brelse(fatent->bhs[i]);
375  	fatent->nr_bhs = 0;
376  	fatent->bhs[0] = fatent->bhs[1] = NULL;
377  	fatent->fat_inode = NULL;
378  }
379  
380  static inline bool fat_valid_entry(struct msdos_sb_info *sbi, int entry)
381  {
382  	return FAT_START_ENT <= entry && entry < sbi->max_cluster;
383  }
384  
385  extern void fat_ent_access_init(struct super_block *sb);
386  extern int fat_ent_read(struct inode *inode, struct fat_entry *fatent,
387  			int entry);
388  extern int fat_ent_write(struct inode *inode, struct fat_entry *fatent,
389  			 int new, int wait);
390  extern int fat_alloc_clusters(struct inode *inode, int *cluster,
391  			      int nr_cluster);
392  extern int fat_free_clusters(struct inode *inode, int cluster);
393  extern int fat_count_free_clusters(struct super_block *sb);
394  extern int fat_trim_fs(struct inode *inode, struct fstrim_range *range);
395  
396  /* fat/file.c */
397  extern long fat_generic_ioctl(struct file *filp, unsigned int cmd,
398  			      unsigned long arg);
399  extern const struct file_operations fat_file_operations;
400  extern const struct inode_operations fat_file_inode_operations;
401  extern int fat_setattr(struct mnt_idmap *idmap, struct dentry *dentry,
402  		       struct iattr *attr);
403  extern void fat_truncate_blocks(struct inode *inode, loff_t offset);
404  extern int fat_getattr(struct mnt_idmap *idmap,
405  		       const struct path *path, struct kstat *stat,
406  		       u32 request_mask, unsigned int flags);
407  extern int fat_file_fsync(struct file *file, loff_t start, loff_t end,
408  			  int datasync);
409  
410  /* fat/inode.c */
411  extern int fat_block_truncate_page(struct inode *inode, loff_t from);
412  extern void fat_attach(struct inode *inode, loff_t i_pos);
413  extern void fat_detach(struct inode *inode);
414  extern struct inode *fat_iget(struct super_block *sb, loff_t i_pos);
415  extern struct inode *fat_build_inode(struct super_block *sb,
416  			struct msdos_dir_entry *de, loff_t i_pos);
417  extern int fat_sync_inode(struct inode *inode);
418  extern int fat_fill_super(struct super_block *sb, void *data, int silent,
419  			  int isvfat, void (*setup)(struct super_block *));
420  extern int fat_fill_inode(struct inode *inode, struct msdos_dir_entry *de);
421  
422  extern int fat_flush_inodes(struct super_block *sb, struct inode *i1,
423  			    struct inode *i2);
424  static inline unsigned long fat_dir_hash(int logstart)
425  {
426  	return hash_32(logstart, FAT_HASH_BITS);
427  }
428  extern int fat_add_cluster(struct inode *inode);
429  
430  /* fat/misc.c */
431  extern __printf(3, 4) __cold
432  void __fat_fs_error(struct super_block *sb, int report, const char *fmt, ...);
433  #define fat_fs_error(sb, fmt, args...)		\
434  	__fat_fs_error(sb, 1, fmt , ## args)
435  #define fat_fs_error_ratelimit(sb, fmt, args...) \
436  	__fat_fs_error(sb, __ratelimit(&MSDOS_SB(sb)->ratelimit), fmt , ## args)
437  
438  #define FAT_PRINTK_PREFIX "%sFAT-fs (%s): "
439  #define fat_msg(sb, level, fmt, args...)				\
440  do {									\
441  	printk_index_subsys_emit(FAT_PRINTK_PREFIX, level, fmt, ##args);\
442  	_fat_msg(sb, level, fmt, ##args);				\
443  } while (0)
444  __printf(3, 4) __cold
445  void _fat_msg(struct super_block *sb, const char *level, const char *fmt, ...);
446  #define fat_msg_ratelimit(sb, level, fmt, args...)	\
447  	do {	\
448  			if (__ratelimit(&MSDOS_SB(sb)->ratelimit))	\
449  				fat_msg(sb, level, fmt, ## args);	\
450  	 } while (0)
451  extern int fat_clusters_flush(struct super_block *sb);
452  extern int fat_chain_add(struct inode *inode, int new_dclus, int nr_cluster);
453  extern void fat_time_fat2unix(struct msdos_sb_info *sbi, struct timespec64 *ts,
454  			      __le16 __time, __le16 __date, u8 time_cs);
455  extern void fat_time_unix2fat(struct msdos_sb_info *sbi, struct timespec64 *ts,
456  			      __le16 *time, __le16 *date, u8 *time_cs);
457  extern struct timespec64 fat_truncate_atime(const struct msdos_sb_info *sbi,
458  					    const struct timespec64 *ts);
459  extern struct timespec64 fat_truncate_mtime(const struct msdos_sb_info *sbi,
460  					    const struct timespec64 *ts);
461  extern int fat_truncate_time(struct inode *inode, struct timespec64 *now,
462  			     int flags);
463  extern int fat_update_time(struct inode *inode, struct timespec64 *now,
464  			   int flags);
465  extern int fat_sync_bhs(struct buffer_head **bhs, int nr_bhs);
466  
467  int fat_cache_init(void);
468  void fat_cache_destroy(void);
469  
470  /* fat/nfs.c */
471  extern const struct export_operations fat_export_ops;
472  extern const struct export_operations fat_export_ops_nostale;
473  
474  /* helper for printk */
475  typedef unsigned long long	llu;
476  
477  #endif /* !_FAT_H */
478