xref: /linux/fs/ext4/resize.c (revision 7de14c88272c05d86fce83a5cead36832ce3a424)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 /*
3  *  linux/fs/ext4/resize.c
4  *
5  * Support for resizing an ext4 filesystem while it is mounted.
6  *
7  * Copyright (C) 2001, 2002 Andreas Dilger <adilger@clusterfs.com>
8  *
9  * This could probably be made into a module, because it is not often in use.
10  */
11 
12 
13 #define EXT4FS_DEBUG
14 
15 #include <linux/errno.h>
16 #include <linux/slab.h>
17 
18 #include "ext4_jbd2.h"
19 
20 struct ext4_rcu_ptr {
21 	struct rcu_head rcu;
22 	void *ptr;
23 };
24 
25 static void ext4_rcu_ptr_callback(struct rcu_head *head)
26 {
27 	struct ext4_rcu_ptr *ptr;
28 
29 	ptr = container_of(head, struct ext4_rcu_ptr, rcu);
30 	kvfree(ptr->ptr);
31 	kfree(ptr);
32 }
33 
34 void ext4_kvfree_array_rcu(void *to_free)
35 {
36 	struct ext4_rcu_ptr *ptr = kzalloc(sizeof(*ptr), GFP_KERNEL);
37 
38 	if (ptr) {
39 		ptr->ptr = to_free;
40 		call_rcu(&ptr->rcu, ext4_rcu_ptr_callback);
41 		return;
42 	}
43 	synchronize_rcu();
44 	kvfree(to_free);
45 }
46 
47 int ext4_resize_begin(struct super_block *sb)
48 {
49 	struct ext4_sb_info *sbi = EXT4_SB(sb);
50 	int ret = 0;
51 
52 	if (!capable(CAP_SYS_RESOURCE))
53 		return -EPERM;
54 
55 	/*
56 	 * If we are not using the primary superblock/GDT copy don't resize,
57          * because the user tools have no way of handling this.  Probably a
58          * bad time to do it anyways.
59          */
60 	if (EXT4_B2C(sbi, sbi->s_sbh->b_blocknr) !=
61 	    le32_to_cpu(EXT4_SB(sb)->s_es->s_first_data_block)) {
62 		ext4_warning(sb, "won't resize using backup superblock at %llu",
63 			(unsigned long long)EXT4_SB(sb)->s_sbh->b_blocknr);
64 		return -EPERM;
65 	}
66 
67 	/*
68 	 * We are not allowed to do online-resizing on a filesystem mounted
69 	 * with error, because it can destroy the filesystem easily.
70 	 */
71 	if (EXT4_SB(sb)->s_mount_state & EXT4_ERROR_FS) {
72 		ext4_warning(sb, "There are errors in the filesystem, "
73 			     "so online resizing is not allowed");
74 		return -EPERM;
75 	}
76 
77 	if (ext4_has_feature_sparse_super2(sb)) {
78 		ext4_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "Online resizing not supported with sparse_super2");
79 		return -EOPNOTSUPP;
80 	}
81 
82 	if (test_and_set_bit_lock(EXT4_FLAGS_RESIZING,
83 				  &EXT4_SB(sb)->s_ext4_flags))
84 		ret = -EBUSY;
85 
86 	return ret;
87 }
88 
89 void ext4_resize_end(struct super_block *sb)
90 {
91 	clear_bit_unlock(EXT4_FLAGS_RESIZING, &EXT4_SB(sb)->s_ext4_flags);
92 	smp_mb__after_atomic();
93 }
94 
95 static ext4_group_t ext4_meta_bg_first_group(struct super_block *sb,
96 					     ext4_group_t group) {
97 	return (group >> EXT4_DESC_PER_BLOCK_BITS(sb)) <<
98 	       EXT4_DESC_PER_BLOCK_BITS(sb);
99 }
100 
101 static ext4_fsblk_t ext4_meta_bg_first_block_no(struct super_block *sb,
102 					     ext4_group_t group) {
103 	group = ext4_meta_bg_first_group(sb, group);
104 	return ext4_group_first_block_no(sb, group);
105 }
106 
107 static ext4_grpblk_t ext4_group_overhead_blocks(struct super_block *sb,
108 						ext4_group_t group) {
109 	ext4_grpblk_t overhead;
110 	overhead = ext4_bg_num_gdb(sb, group);
111 	if (ext4_bg_has_super(sb, group))
112 		overhead += 1 +
113 			  le16_to_cpu(EXT4_SB(sb)->s_es->s_reserved_gdt_blocks);
114 	return overhead;
115 }
116 
117 #define outside(b, first, last)	((b) < (first) || (b) >= (last))
118 #define inside(b, first, last)	((b) >= (first) && (b) < (last))
119 
120 static int verify_group_input(struct super_block *sb,
121 			      struct ext4_new_group_data *input)
122 {
123 	struct ext4_sb_info *sbi = EXT4_SB(sb);
124 	struct ext4_super_block *es = sbi->s_es;
125 	ext4_fsblk_t start = ext4_blocks_count(es);
126 	ext4_fsblk_t end = start + input->blocks_count;
127 	ext4_group_t group = input->group;
128 	ext4_fsblk_t itend = input->inode_table + sbi->s_itb_per_group;
129 	unsigned overhead;
130 	ext4_fsblk_t metaend;
131 	struct buffer_head *bh = NULL;
132 	ext4_grpblk_t free_blocks_count, offset;
133 	int err = -EINVAL;
134 
135 	if (group != sbi->s_groups_count) {
136 		ext4_warning(sb, "Cannot add at group %u (only %u groups)",
137 			     input->group, sbi->s_groups_count);
138 		return -EINVAL;
139 	}
140 
141 	overhead = ext4_group_overhead_blocks(sb, group);
142 	metaend = start + overhead;
143 	input->free_clusters_count = free_blocks_count =
144 		input->blocks_count - 2 - overhead - sbi->s_itb_per_group;
145 
146 	if (test_opt(sb, DEBUG))
147 		printk(KERN_DEBUG "EXT4-fs: adding %s group %u: %u blocks "
148 		       "(%d free, %u reserved)\n",
149 		       ext4_bg_has_super(sb, input->group) ? "normal" :
150 		       "no-super", input->group, input->blocks_count,
151 		       free_blocks_count, input->reserved_blocks);
152 
153 	ext4_get_group_no_and_offset(sb, start, NULL, &offset);
154 	if (offset != 0)
155 			ext4_warning(sb, "Last group not full");
156 	else if (input->reserved_blocks > input->blocks_count / 5)
157 		ext4_warning(sb, "Reserved blocks too high (%u)",
158 			     input->reserved_blocks);
159 	else if (free_blocks_count < 0)
160 		ext4_warning(sb, "Bad blocks count %u",
161 			     input->blocks_count);
162 	else if (IS_ERR(bh = ext4_sb_bread(sb, end - 1, 0))) {
163 		err = PTR_ERR(bh);
164 		bh = NULL;
165 		ext4_warning(sb, "Cannot read last block (%llu)",
166 			     end - 1);
167 	} else if (outside(input->block_bitmap, start, end))
168 		ext4_warning(sb, "Block bitmap not in group (block %llu)",
169 			     (unsigned long long)input->block_bitmap);
170 	else if (outside(input->inode_bitmap, start, end))
171 		ext4_warning(sb, "Inode bitmap not in group (block %llu)",
172 			     (unsigned long long)input->inode_bitmap);
173 	else if (outside(input->inode_table, start, end) ||
174 		 outside(itend - 1, start, end))
175 		ext4_warning(sb, "Inode table not in group (blocks %llu-%llu)",
176 			     (unsigned long long)input->inode_table, itend - 1);
177 	else if (input->inode_bitmap == input->block_bitmap)
178 		ext4_warning(sb, "Block bitmap same as inode bitmap (%llu)",
179 			     (unsigned long long)input->block_bitmap);
180 	else if (inside(input->block_bitmap, input->inode_table, itend))
181 		ext4_warning(sb, "Block bitmap (%llu) in inode table "
182 			     "(%llu-%llu)",
183 			     (unsigned long long)input->block_bitmap,
184 			     (unsigned long long)input->inode_table, itend - 1);
185 	else if (inside(input->inode_bitmap, input->inode_table, itend))
186 		ext4_warning(sb, "Inode bitmap (%llu) in inode table "
187 			     "(%llu-%llu)",
188 			     (unsigned long long)input->inode_bitmap,
189 			     (unsigned long long)input->inode_table, itend - 1);
190 	else if (inside(input->block_bitmap, start, metaend))
191 		ext4_warning(sb, "Block bitmap (%llu) in GDT table (%llu-%llu)",
192 			     (unsigned long long)input->block_bitmap,
193 			     start, metaend - 1);
194 	else if (inside(input->inode_bitmap, start, metaend))
195 		ext4_warning(sb, "Inode bitmap (%llu) in GDT table (%llu-%llu)",
196 			     (unsigned long long)input->inode_bitmap,
197 			     start, metaend - 1);
198 	else if (inside(input->inode_table, start, metaend) ||
199 		 inside(itend - 1, start, metaend))
200 		ext4_warning(sb, "Inode table (%llu-%llu) overlaps GDT table "
201 			     "(%llu-%llu)",
202 			     (unsigned long long)input->inode_table,
203 			     itend - 1, start, metaend - 1);
204 	else
205 		err = 0;
206 	brelse(bh);
207 
208 	return err;
209 }
210 
211 /*
212  * ext4_new_flex_group_data is used by 64bit-resize interface to add a flex
213  * group each time.
214  */
215 struct ext4_new_flex_group_data {
216 	struct ext4_new_group_data *groups;	/* new_group_data for groups
217 						   in the flex group */
218 	__u16 *bg_flags;			/* block group flags of groups
219 						   in @groups */
220 	ext4_group_t count;			/* number of groups in @groups
221 						 */
222 };
223 
224 /*
225  * alloc_flex_gd() allocates a ext4_new_flex_group_data with size of
226  * @flexbg_size.
227  *
228  * Returns NULL on failure otherwise address of the allocated structure.
229  */
230 static struct ext4_new_flex_group_data *alloc_flex_gd(unsigned long flexbg_size)
231 {
232 	struct ext4_new_flex_group_data *flex_gd;
233 
234 	flex_gd = kmalloc(sizeof(*flex_gd), GFP_NOFS);
235 	if (flex_gd == NULL)
236 		goto out3;
237 
238 	if (flexbg_size >= UINT_MAX / sizeof(struct ext4_new_group_data))
239 		goto out2;
240 	flex_gd->count = flexbg_size;
241 
242 	flex_gd->groups = kmalloc_array(flexbg_size,
243 					sizeof(struct ext4_new_group_data),
244 					GFP_NOFS);
245 	if (flex_gd->groups == NULL)
246 		goto out2;
247 
248 	flex_gd->bg_flags = kmalloc_array(flexbg_size, sizeof(__u16),
249 					  GFP_NOFS);
250 	if (flex_gd->bg_flags == NULL)
251 		goto out1;
252 
253 	return flex_gd;
254 
255 out1:
256 	kfree(flex_gd->groups);
257 out2:
258 	kfree(flex_gd);
259 out3:
260 	return NULL;
261 }
262 
263 static void free_flex_gd(struct ext4_new_flex_group_data *flex_gd)
264 {
265 	kfree(flex_gd->bg_flags);
266 	kfree(flex_gd->groups);
267 	kfree(flex_gd);
268 }
269 
270 /*
271  * ext4_alloc_group_tables() allocates block bitmaps, inode bitmaps
272  * and inode tables for a flex group.
273  *
274  * This function is used by 64bit-resize.  Note that this function allocates
275  * group tables from the 1st group of groups contained by @flexgd, which may
276  * be a partial of a flex group.
277  *
278  * @sb: super block of fs to which the groups belongs
279  *
280  * Returns 0 on a successful allocation of the metadata blocks in the
281  * block group.
282  */
283 static int ext4_alloc_group_tables(struct super_block *sb,
284 				struct ext4_new_flex_group_data *flex_gd,
285 				int flexbg_size)
286 {
287 	struct ext4_new_group_data *group_data = flex_gd->groups;
288 	ext4_fsblk_t start_blk;
289 	ext4_fsblk_t last_blk;
290 	ext4_group_t src_group;
291 	ext4_group_t bb_index = 0;
292 	ext4_group_t ib_index = 0;
293 	ext4_group_t it_index = 0;
294 	ext4_group_t group;
295 	ext4_group_t last_group;
296 	unsigned overhead;
297 	__u16 uninit_mask = (flexbg_size > 1) ? ~EXT4_BG_BLOCK_UNINIT : ~0;
298 	int i;
299 
300 	BUG_ON(flex_gd->count == 0 || group_data == NULL);
301 
302 	src_group = group_data[0].group;
303 	last_group  = src_group + flex_gd->count - 1;
304 
305 	BUG_ON((flexbg_size > 1) && ((src_group & ~(flexbg_size - 1)) !=
306 	       (last_group & ~(flexbg_size - 1))));
307 next_group:
308 	group = group_data[0].group;
309 	if (src_group >= group_data[0].group + flex_gd->count)
310 		return -ENOSPC;
311 	start_blk = ext4_group_first_block_no(sb, src_group);
312 	last_blk = start_blk + group_data[src_group - group].blocks_count;
313 
314 	overhead = ext4_group_overhead_blocks(sb, src_group);
315 
316 	start_blk += overhead;
317 
318 	/* We collect contiguous blocks as much as possible. */
319 	src_group++;
320 	for (; src_group <= last_group; src_group++) {
321 		overhead = ext4_group_overhead_blocks(sb, src_group);
322 		if (overhead == 0)
323 			last_blk += group_data[src_group - group].blocks_count;
324 		else
325 			break;
326 	}
327 
328 	/* Allocate block bitmaps */
329 	for (; bb_index < flex_gd->count; bb_index++) {
330 		if (start_blk >= last_blk)
331 			goto next_group;
332 		group_data[bb_index].block_bitmap = start_blk++;
333 		group = ext4_get_group_number(sb, start_blk - 1);
334 		group -= group_data[0].group;
335 		group_data[group].mdata_blocks++;
336 		flex_gd->bg_flags[group] &= uninit_mask;
337 	}
338 
339 	/* Allocate inode bitmaps */
340 	for (; ib_index < flex_gd->count; ib_index++) {
341 		if (start_blk >= last_blk)
342 			goto next_group;
343 		group_data[ib_index].inode_bitmap = start_blk++;
344 		group = ext4_get_group_number(sb, start_blk - 1);
345 		group -= group_data[0].group;
346 		group_data[group].mdata_blocks++;
347 		flex_gd->bg_flags[group] &= uninit_mask;
348 	}
349 
350 	/* Allocate inode tables */
351 	for (; it_index < flex_gd->count; it_index++) {
352 		unsigned int itb = EXT4_SB(sb)->s_itb_per_group;
353 		ext4_fsblk_t next_group_start;
354 
355 		if (start_blk + itb > last_blk)
356 			goto next_group;
357 		group_data[it_index].inode_table = start_blk;
358 		group = ext4_get_group_number(sb, start_blk);
359 		next_group_start = ext4_group_first_block_no(sb, group + 1);
360 		group -= group_data[0].group;
361 
362 		if (start_blk + itb > next_group_start) {
363 			flex_gd->bg_flags[group + 1] &= uninit_mask;
364 			overhead = start_blk + itb - next_group_start;
365 			group_data[group + 1].mdata_blocks += overhead;
366 			itb -= overhead;
367 		}
368 
369 		group_data[group].mdata_blocks += itb;
370 		flex_gd->bg_flags[group] &= uninit_mask;
371 		start_blk += EXT4_SB(sb)->s_itb_per_group;
372 	}
373 
374 	/* Update free clusters count to exclude metadata blocks */
375 	for (i = 0; i < flex_gd->count; i++) {
376 		group_data[i].free_clusters_count -=
377 				EXT4_NUM_B2C(EXT4_SB(sb),
378 					     group_data[i].mdata_blocks);
379 	}
380 
381 	if (test_opt(sb, DEBUG)) {
382 		int i;
383 		group = group_data[0].group;
384 
385 		printk(KERN_DEBUG "EXT4-fs: adding a flex group with "
386 		       "%d groups, flexbg size is %d:\n", flex_gd->count,
387 		       flexbg_size);
388 
389 		for (i = 0; i < flex_gd->count; i++) {
390 			ext4_debug(
391 			       "adding %s group %u: %u blocks (%d free, %d mdata blocks)\n",
392 			       ext4_bg_has_super(sb, group + i) ? "normal" :
393 			       "no-super", group + i,
394 			       group_data[i].blocks_count,
395 			       group_data[i].free_clusters_count,
396 			       group_data[i].mdata_blocks);
397 		}
398 	}
399 	return 0;
400 }
401 
402 static struct buffer_head *bclean(handle_t *handle, struct super_block *sb,
403 				  ext4_fsblk_t blk)
404 {
405 	struct buffer_head *bh;
406 	int err;
407 
408 	bh = sb_getblk(sb, blk);
409 	if (unlikely(!bh))
410 		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
411 	BUFFER_TRACE(bh, "get_write_access");
412 	if ((err = ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle, bh))) {
413 		brelse(bh);
414 		bh = ERR_PTR(err);
415 	} else {
416 		memset(bh->b_data, 0, sb->s_blocksize);
417 		set_buffer_uptodate(bh);
418 	}
419 
420 	return bh;
421 }
422 
423 static int ext4_resize_ensure_credits_batch(handle_t *handle, int credits)
424 {
425 	return ext4_journal_ensure_credits_fn(handle, credits,
426 		EXT4_MAX_TRANS_DATA, 0, 0);
427 }
428 
429 /*
430  * set_flexbg_block_bitmap() mark clusters [@first_cluster, @last_cluster] used.
431  *
432  * Helper function for ext4_setup_new_group_blocks() which set .
433  *
434  * @sb: super block
435  * @handle: journal handle
436  * @flex_gd: flex group data
437  */
438 static int set_flexbg_block_bitmap(struct super_block *sb, handle_t *handle,
439 			struct ext4_new_flex_group_data *flex_gd,
440 			ext4_fsblk_t first_cluster, ext4_fsblk_t last_cluster)
441 {
442 	struct ext4_sb_info *sbi = EXT4_SB(sb);
443 	ext4_group_t count = last_cluster - first_cluster + 1;
444 	ext4_group_t count2;
445 
446 	ext4_debug("mark clusters [%llu-%llu] used\n", first_cluster,
447 		   last_cluster);
448 	for (count2 = count; count > 0;
449 	     count -= count2, first_cluster += count2) {
450 		ext4_fsblk_t start;
451 		struct buffer_head *bh;
452 		ext4_group_t group;
453 		int err;
454 
455 		group = ext4_get_group_number(sb, EXT4_C2B(sbi, first_cluster));
456 		start = EXT4_B2C(sbi, ext4_group_first_block_no(sb, group));
457 		group -= flex_gd->groups[0].group;
458 
459 		count2 = EXT4_CLUSTERS_PER_GROUP(sb) - (first_cluster - start);
460 		if (count2 > count)
461 			count2 = count;
462 
463 		if (flex_gd->bg_flags[group] & EXT4_BG_BLOCK_UNINIT) {
464 			BUG_ON(flex_gd->count > 1);
465 			continue;
466 		}
467 
468 		err = ext4_resize_ensure_credits_batch(handle, 1);
469 		if (err < 0)
470 			return err;
471 
472 		bh = sb_getblk(sb, flex_gd->groups[group].block_bitmap);
473 		if (unlikely(!bh))
474 			return -ENOMEM;
475 
476 		BUFFER_TRACE(bh, "get_write_access");
477 		err = ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle, bh);
478 		if (err) {
479 			brelse(bh);
480 			return err;
481 		}
482 		ext4_debug("mark block bitmap %#04llx (+%llu/%u)\n",
483 			   first_cluster, first_cluster - start, count2);
484 		ext4_set_bits(bh->b_data, first_cluster - start, count2);
485 
486 		err = ext4_handle_dirty_metadata(handle, NULL, bh);
487 		brelse(bh);
488 		if (unlikely(err))
489 			return err;
490 	}
491 
492 	return 0;
493 }
494 
495 /*
496  * Set up the block and inode bitmaps, and the inode table for the new groups.
497  * This doesn't need to be part of the main transaction, since we are only
498  * changing blocks outside the actual filesystem.  We still do journaling to
499  * ensure the recovery is correct in case of a failure just after resize.
500  * If any part of this fails, we simply abort the resize.
501  *
502  * setup_new_flex_group_blocks handles a flex group as follow:
503  *  1. copy super block and GDT, and initialize group tables if necessary.
504  *     In this step, we only set bits in blocks bitmaps for blocks taken by
505  *     super block and GDT.
506  *  2. allocate group tables in block bitmaps, that is, set bits in block
507  *     bitmap for blocks taken by group tables.
508  */
509 static int setup_new_flex_group_blocks(struct super_block *sb,
510 				struct ext4_new_flex_group_data *flex_gd)
511 {
512 	int group_table_count[] = {1, 1, EXT4_SB(sb)->s_itb_per_group};
513 	ext4_fsblk_t start;
514 	ext4_fsblk_t block;
515 	struct ext4_sb_info *sbi = EXT4_SB(sb);
516 	struct ext4_super_block *es = sbi->s_es;
517 	struct ext4_new_group_data *group_data = flex_gd->groups;
518 	__u16 *bg_flags = flex_gd->bg_flags;
519 	handle_t *handle;
520 	ext4_group_t group, count;
521 	struct buffer_head *bh = NULL;
522 	int reserved_gdb, i, j, err = 0, err2;
523 	int meta_bg;
524 
525 	BUG_ON(!flex_gd->count || !group_data ||
526 	       group_data[0].group != sbi->s_groups_count);
527 
528 	reserved_gdb = le16_to_cpu(es->s_reserved_gdt_blocks);
529 	meta_bg = ext4_has_feature_meta_bg(sb);
530 
531 	/* This transaction may be extended/restarted along the way */
532 	handle = ext4_journal_start_sb(sb, EXT4_HT_RESIZE, EXT4_MAX_TRANS_DATA);
533 	if (IS_ERR(handle))
534 		return PTR_ERR(handle);
535 
536 	group = group_data[0].group;
537 	for (i = 0; i < flex_gd->count; i++, group++) {
538 		unsigned long gdblocks;
539 		ext4_grpblk_t overhead;
540 
541 		gdblocks = ext4_bg_num_gdb(sb, group);
542 		start = ext4_group_first_block_no(sb, group);
543 
544 		if (meta_bg == 0 && !ext4_bg_has_super(sb, group))
545 			goto handle_itb;
546 
547 		if (meta_bg == 1) {
548 			ext4_group_t first_group;
549 			first_group = ext4_meta_bg_first_group(sb, group);
550 			if (first_group != group + 1 &&
551 			    first_group != group + EXT4_DESC_PER_BLOCK(sb) - 1)
552 				goto handle_itb;
553 		}
554 
555 		block = start + ext4_bg_has_super(sb, group);
556 		/* Copy all of the GDT blocks into the backup in this group */
557 		for (j = 0; j < gdblocks; j++, block++) {
558 			struct buffer_head *gdb;
559 
560 			ext4_debug("update backup group %#04llx\n", block);
561 			err = ext4_resize_ensure_credits_batch(handle, 1);
562 			if (err < 0)
563 				goto out;
564 
565 			gdb = sb_getblk(sb, block);
566 			if (unlikely(!gdb)) {
567 				err = -ENOMEM;
568 				goto out;
569 			}
570 
571 			BUFFER_TRACE(gdb, "get_write_access");
572 			err = ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle, gdb);
573 			if (err) {
574 				brelse(gdb);
575 				goto out;
576 			}
577 			memcpy(gdb->b_data, sbi_array_rcu_deref(sbi,
578 				s_group_desc, j)->b_data, gdb->b_size);
579 			set_buffer_uptodate(gdb);
580 
581 			err = ext4_handle_dirty_metadata(handle, NULL, gdb);
582 			if (unlikely(err)) {
583 				brelse(gdb);
584 				goto out;
585 			}
586 			brelse(gdb);
587 		}
588 
589 		/* Zero out all of the reserved backup group descriptor
590 		 * table blocks
591 		 */
592 		if (ext4_bg_has_super(sb, group)) {
593 			err = sb_issue_zeroout(sb, gdblocks + start + 1,
594 					reserved_gdb, GFP_NOFS);
595 			if (err)
596 				goto out;
597 		}
598 
599 handle_itb:
600 		/* Initialize group tables of the grop @group */
601 		if (!(bg_flags[i] & EXT4_BG_INODE_ZEROED))
602 			goto handle_bb;
603 
604 		/* Zero out all of the inode table blocks */
605 		block = group_data[i].inode_table;
606 		ext4_debug("clear inode table blocks %#04llx -> %#04lx\n",
607 			   block, sbi->s_itb_per_group);
608 		err = sb_issue_zeroout(sb, block, sbi->s_itb_per_group,
609 				       GFP_NOFS);
610 		if (err)
611 			goto out;
612 
613 handle_bb:
614 		if (bg_flags[i] & EXT4_BG_BLOCK_UNINIT)
615 			goto handle_ib;
616 
617 		/* Initialize block bitmap of the @group */
618 		block = group_data[i].block_bitmap;
619 		err = ext4_resize_ensure_credits_batch(handle, 1);
620 		if (err < 0)
621 			goto out;
622 
623 		bh = bclean(handle, sb, block);
624 		if (IS_ERR(bh)) {
625 			err = PTR_ERR(bh);
626 			goto out;
627 		}
628 		overhead = ext4_group_overhead_blocks(sb, group);
629 		if (overhead != 0) {
630 			ext4_debug("mark backup superblock %#04llx (+0)\n",
631 				   start);
632 			ext4_set_bits(bh->b_data, 0,
633 				      EXT4_NUM_B2C(sbi, overhead));
634 		}
635 		ext4_mark_bitmap_end(EXT4_B2C(sbi, group_data[i].blocks_count),
636 				     sb->s_blocksize * 8, bh->b_data);
637 		err = ext4_handle_dirty_metadata(handle, NULL, bh);
638 		brelse(bh);
639 		if (err)
640 			goto out;
641 
642 handle_ib:
643 		if (bg_flags[i] & EXT4_BG_INODE_UNINIT)
644 			continue;
645 
646 		/* Initialize inode bitmap of the @group */
647 		block = group_data[i].inode_bitmap;
648 		err = ext4_resize_ensure_credits_batch(handle, 1);
649 		if (err < 0)
650 			goto out;
651 		/* Mark unused entries in inode bitmap used */
652 		bh = bclean(handle, sb, block);
653 		if (IS_ERR(bh)) {
654 			err = PTR_ERR(bh);
655 			goto out;
656 		}
657 
658 		ext4_mark_bitmap_end(EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb),
659 				     sb->s_blocksize * 8, bh->b_data);
660 		err = ext4_handle_dirty_metadata(handle, NULL, bh);
661 		brelse(bh);
662 		if (err)
663 			goto out;
664 	}
665 
666 	/* Mark group tables in block bitmap */
667 	for (j = 0; j < GROUP_TABLE_COUNT; j++) {
668 		count = group_table_count[j];
669 		start = (&group_data[0].block_bitmap)[j];
670 		block = start;
671 		for (i = 1; i < flex_gd->count; i++) {
672 			block += group_table_count[j];
673 			if (block == (&group_data[i].block_bitmap)[j]) {
674 				count += group_table_count[j];
675 				continue;
676 			}
677 			err = set_flexbg_block_bitmap(sb, handle,
678 						      flex_gd,
679 						      EXT4_B2C(sbi, start),
680 						      EXT4_B2C(sbi,
681 							       start + count
682 							       - 1));
683 			if (err)
684 				goto out;
685 			count = group_table_count[j];
686 			start = (&group_data[i].block_bitmap)[j];
687 			block = start;
688 		}
689 
690 		if (count) {
691 			err = set_flexbg_block_bitmap(sb, handle,
692 						      flex_gd,
693 						      EXT4_B2C(sbi, start),
694 						      EXT4_B2C(sbi,
695 							       start + count
696 							       - 1));
697 			if (err)
698 				goto out;
699 		}
700 	}
701 
702 out:
703 	err2 = ext4_journal_stop(handle);
704 	if (err2 && !err)
705 		err = err2;
706 
707 	return err;
708 }
709 
710 /*
711  * Iterate through the groups which hold BACKUP superblock/GDT copies in an
712  * ext4 filesystem.  The counters should be initialized to 1, 5, and 7 before
713  * calling this for the first time.  In a sparse filesystem it will be the
714  * sequence of powers of 3, 5, and 7: 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 25, 27, 49, 81, ...
715  * For a non-sparse filesystem it will be every group: 1, 2, 3, 4, ...
716  */
717 static unsigned ext4_list_backups(struct super_block *sb, unsigned *three,
718 				  unsigned *five, unsigned *seven)
719 {
720 	unsigned *min = three;
721 	int mult = 3;
722 	unsigned ret;
723 
724 	if (!ext4_has_feature_sparse_super(sb)) {
725 		ret = *min;
726 		*min += 1;
727 		return ret;
728 	}
729 
730 	if (*five < *min) {
731 		min = five;
732 		mult = 5;
733 	}
734 	if (*seven < *min) {
735 		min = seven;
736 		mult = 7;
737 	}
738 
739 	ret = *min;
740 	*min *= mult;
741 
742 	return ret;
743 }
744 
745 /*
746  * Check that all of the backup GDT blocks are held in the primary GDT block.
747  * It is assumed that they are stored in group order.  Returns the number of
748  * groups in current filesystem that have BACKUPS, or -ve error code.
749  */
750 static int verify_reserved_gdb(struct super_block *sb,
751 			       ext4_group_t end,
752 			       struct buffer_head *primary)
753 {
754 	const ext4_fsblk_t blk = primary->b_blocknr;
755 	unsigned three = 1;
756 	unsigned five = 5;
757 	unsigned seven = 7;
758 	unsigned grp;
759 	__le32 *p = (__le32 *)primary->b_data;
760 	int gdbackups = 0;
761 
762 	while ((grp = ext4_list_backups(sb, &three, &five, &seven)) < end) {
763 		if (le32_to_cpu(*p++) !=
764 		    grp * EXT4_BLOCKS_PER_GROUP(sb) + blk){
765 			ext4_warning(sb, "reserved GDT %llu"
766 				     " missing grp %d (%llu)",
767 				     blk, grp,
768 				     grp *
769 				     (ext4_fsblk_t)EXT4_BLOCKS_PER_GROUP(sb) +
770 				     blk);
771 			return -EINVAL;
772 		}
773 		if (++gdbackups > EXT4_ADDR_PER_BLOCK(sb))
774 			return -EFBIG;
775 	}
776 
777 	return gdbackups;
778 }
779 
780 /*
781  * Called when we need to bring a reserved group descriptor table block into
782  * use from the resize inode.  The primary copy of the new GDT block currently
783  * is an indirect block (under the double indirect block in the resize inode).
784  * The new backup GDT blocks will be stored as leaf blocks in this indirect
785  * block, in group order.  Even though we know all the block numbers we need,
786  * we check to ensure that the resize inode has actually reserved these blocks.
787  *
788  * Don't need to update the block bitmaps because the blocks are still in use.
789  *
790  * We get all of the error cases out of the way, so that we are sure to not
791  * fail once we start modifying the data on disk, because JBD has no rollback.
792  */
793 static int add_new_gdb(handle_t *handle, struct inode *inode,
794 		       ext4_group_t group)
795 {
796 	struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
797 	struct ext4_super_block *es = EXT4_SB(sb)->s_es;
798 	unsigned long gdb_num = group / EXT4_DESC_PER_BLOCK(sb);
799 	ext4_fsblk_t gdblock = EXT4_SB(sb)->s_sbh->b_blocknr + 1 + gdb_num;
800 	struct buffer_head **o_group_desc, **n_group_desc = NULL;
801 	struct buffer_head *dind = NULL;
802 	struct buffer_head *gdb_bh = NULL;
803 	int gdbackups;
804 	struct ext4_iloc iloc = { .bh = NULL };
805 	__le32 *data;
806 	int err;
807 
808 	if (test_opt(sb, DEBUG))
809 		printk(KERN_DEBUG
810 		       "EXT4-fs: ext4_add_new_gdb: adding group block %lu\n",
811 		       gdb_num);
812 
813 	gdb_bh = ext4_sb_bread(sb, gdblock, 0);
814 	if (IS_ERR(gdb_bh))
815 		return PTR_ERR(gdb_bh);
816 
817 	gdbackups = verify_reserved_gdb(sb, group, gdb_bh);
818 	if (gdbackups < 0) {
819 		err = gdbackups;
820 		goto errout;
821 	}
822 
823 	data = EXT4_I(inode)->i_data + EXT4_DIND_BLOCK;
824 	dind = ext4_sb_bread(sb, le32_to_cpu(*data), 0);
825 	if (IS_ERR(dind)) {
826 		err = PTR_ERR(dind);
827 		dind = NULL;
828 		goto errout;
829 	}
830 
831 	data = (__le32 *)dind->b_data;
832 	if (le32_to_cpu(data[gdb_num % EXT4_ADDR_PER_BLOCK(sb)]) != gdblock) {
833 		ext4_warning(sb, "new group %u GDT block %llu not reserved",
834 			     group, gdblock);
835 		err = -EINVAL;
836 		goto errout;
837 	}
838 
839 	BUFFER_TRACE(EXT4_SB(sb)->s_sbh, "get_write_access");
840 	err = ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle, EXT4_SB(sb)->s_sbh);
841 	if (unlikely(err))
842 		goto errout;
843 
844 	BUFFER_TRACE(gdb_bh, "get_write_access");
845 	err = ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle, gdb_bh);
846 	if (unlikely(err))
847 		goto errout;
848 
849 	BUFFER_TRACE(dind, "get_write_access");
850 	err = ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle, dind);
851 	if (unlikely(err)) {
852 		ext4_std_error(sb, err);
853 		goto errout;
854 	}
855 
856 	/* ext4_reserve_inode_write() gets a reference on the iloc */
857 	err = ext4_reserve_inode_write(handle, inode, &iloc);
858 	if (unlikely(err))
859 		goto errout;
860 
861 	n_group_desc = kvmalloc((gdb_num + 1) * sizeof(struct buffer_head *),
862 				GFP_KERNEL);
863 	if (!n_group_desc) {
864 		err = -ENOMEM;
865 		ext4_warning(sb, "not enough memory for %lu groups",
866 			     gdb_num + 1);
867 		goto errout;
868 	}
869 
870 	/*
871 	 * Finally, we have all of the possible failures behind us...
872 	 *
873 	 * Remove new GDT block from inode double-indirect block and clear out
874 	 * the new GDT block for use (which also "frees" the backup GDT blocks
875 	 * from the reserved inode).  We don't need to change the bitmaps for
876 	 * these blocks, because they are marked as in-use from being in the
877 	 * reserved inode, and will become GDT blocks (primary and backup).
878 	 */
879 	data[gdb_num % EXT4_ADDR_PER_BLOCK(sb)] = 0;
880 	err = ext4_handle_dirty_metadata(handle, NULL, dind);
881 	if (unlikely(err)) {
882 		ext4_std_error(sb, err);
883 		goto errout;
884 	}
885 	inode->i_blocks -= (gdbackups + 1) * sb->s_blocksize >>
886 			   (9 - EXT4_SB(sb)->s_cluster_bits);
887 	ext4_mark_iloc_dirty(handle, inode, &iloc);
888 	memset(gdb_bh->b_data, 0, sb->s_blocksize);
889 	err = ext4_handle_dirty_metadata(handle, NULL, gdb_bh);
890 	if (unlikely(err)) {
891 		ext4_std_error(sb, err);
892 		iloc.bh = NULL;
893 		goto errout;
894 	}
895 	brelse(dind);
896 
897 	rcu_read_lock();
898 	o_group_desc = rcu_dereference(EXT4_SB(sb)->s_group_desc);
899 	memcpy(n_group_desc, o_group_desc,
900 	       EXT4_SB(sb)->s_gdb_count * sizeof(struct buffer_head *));
901 	rcu_read_unlock();
902 	n_group_desc[gdb_num] = gdb_bh;
903 	rcu_assign_pointer(EXT4_SB(sb)->s_group_desc, n_group_desc);
904 	EXT4_SB(sb)->s_gdb_count++;
905 	ext4_kvfree_array_rcu(o_group_desc);
906 
907 	lock_buffer(EXT4_SB(sb)->s_sbh);
908 	le16_add_cpu(&es->s_reserved_gdt_blocks, -1);
909 	ext4_superblock_csum_set(sb);
910 	unlock_buffer(EXT4_SB(sb)->s_sbh);
911 	err = ext4_handle_dirty_metadata(handle, NULL, EXT4_SB(sb)->s_sbh);
912 	if (err)
913 		ext4_std_error(sb, err);
914 	return err;
915 errout:
916 	kvfree(n_group_desc);
917 	brelse(iloc.bh);
918 	brelse(dind);
919 	brelse(gdb_bh);
920 
921 	ext4_debug("leaving with error %d\n", err);
922 	return err;
923 }
924 
925 /*
926  * add_new_gdb_meta_bg is the sister of add_new_gdb.
927  */
928 static int add_new_gdb_meta_bg(struct super_block *sb,
929 			       handle_t *handle, ext4_group_t group) {
930 	ext4_fsblk_t gdblock;
931 	struct buffer_head *gdb_bh;
932 	struct buffer_head **o_group_desc, **n_group_desc;
933 	unsigned long gdb_num = group / EXT4_DESC_PER_BLOCK(sb);
934 	int err;
935 
936 	gdblock = ext4_meta_bg_first_block_no(sb, group) +
937 		   ext4_bg_has_super(sb, group);
938 	gdb_bh = ext4_sb_bread(sb, gdblock, 0);
939 	if (IS_ERR(gdb_bh))
940 		return PTR_ERR(gdb_bh);
941 	n_group_desc = kvmalloc((gdb_num + 1) * sizeof(struct buffer_head *),
942 				GFP_KERNEL);
943 	if (!n_group_desc) {
944 		brelse(gdb_bh);
945 		err = -ENOMEM;
946 		ext4_warning(sb, "not enough memory for %lu groups",
947 			     gdb_num + 1);
948 		return err;
949 	}
950 
951 	rcu_read_lock();
952 	o_group_desc = rcu_dereference(EXT4_SB(sb)->s_group_desc);
953 	memcpy(n_group_desc, o_group_desc,
954 	       EXT4_SB(sb)->s_gdb_count * sizeof(struct buffer_head *));
955 	rcu_read_unlock();
956 	n_group_desc[gdb_num] = gdb_bh;
957 
958 	BUFFER_TRACE(gdb_bh, "get_write_access");
959 	err = ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle, gdb_bh);
960 	if (err) {
961 		kvfree(n_group_desc);
962 		brelse(gdb_bh);
963 		return err;
964 	}
965 
966 	rcu_assign_pointer(EXT4_SB(sb)->s_group_desc, n_group_desc);
967 	EXT4_SB(sb)->s_gdb_count++;
968 	ext4_kvfree_array_rcu(o_group_desc);
969 	return err;
970 }
971 
972 /*
973  * Called when we are adding a new group which has a backup copy of each of
974  * the GDT blocks (i.e. sparse group) and there are reserved GDT blocks.
975  * We need to add these reserved backup GDT blocks to the resize inode, so
976  * that they are kept for future resizing and not allocated to files.
977  *
978  * Each reserved backup GDT block will go into a different indirect block.
979  * The indirect blocks are actually the primary reserved GDT blocks,
980  * so we know in advance what their block numbers are.  We only get the
981  * double-indirect block to verify it is pointing to the primary reserved
982  * GDT blocks so we don't overwrite a data block by accident.  The reserved
983  * backup GDT blocks are stored in their reserved primary GDT block.
984  */
985 static int reserve_backup_gdb(handle_t *handle, struct inode *inode,
986 			      ext4_group_t group)
987 {
988 	struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
989 	int reserved_gdb =le16_to_cpu(EXT4_SB(sb)->s_es->s_reserved_gdt_blocks);
990 	int cluster_bits = EXT4_SB(sb)->s_cluster_bits;
991 	struct buffer_head **primary;
992 	struct buffer_head *dind;
993 	struct ext4_iloc iloc;
994 	ext4_fsblk_t blk;
995 	__le32 *data, *end;
996 	int gdbackups = 0;
997 	int res, i;
998 	int err;
999 
1000 	primary = kmalloc_array(reserved_gdb, sizeof(*primary), GFP_NOFS);
1001 	if (!primary)
1002 		return -ENOMEM;
1003 
1004 	data = EXT4_I(inode)->i_data + EXT4_DIND_BLOCK;
1005 	dind = ext4_sb_bread(sb, le32_to_cpu(*data), 0);
1006 	if (IS_ERR(dind)) {
1007 		err = PTR_ERR(dind);
1008 		dind = NULL;
1009 		goto exit_free;
1010 	}
1011 
1012 	blk = EXT4_SB(sb)->s_sbh->b_blocknr + 1 + EXT4_SB(sb)->s_gdb_count;
1013 	data = (__le32 *)dind->b_data + (EXT4_SB(sb)->s_gdb_count %
1014 					 EXT4_ADDR_PER_BLOCK(sb));
1015 	end = (__le32 *)dind->b_data + EXT4_ADDR_PER_BLOCK(sb);
1016 
1017 	/* Get each reserved primary GDT block and verify it holds backups */
1018 	for (res = 0; res < reserved_gdb; res++, blk++) {
1019 		if (le32_to_cpu(*data) != blk) {
1020 			ext4_warning(sb, "reserved block %llu"
1021 				     " not at offset %ld",
1022 				     blk,
1023 				     (long)(data - (__le32 *)dind->b_data));
1024 			err = -EINVAL;
1025 			goto exit_bh;
1026 		}
1027 		primary[res] = ext4_sb_bread(sb, blk, 0);
1028 		if (IS_ERR(primary[res])) {
1029 			err = PTR_ERR(primary[res]);
1030 			primary[res] = NULL;
1031 			goto exit_bh;
1032 		}
1033 		gdbackups = verify_reserved_gdb(sb, group, primary[res]);
1034 		if (gdbackups < 0) {
1035 			brelse(primary[res]);
1036 			err = gdbackups;
1037 			goto exit_bh;
1038 		}
1039 		if (++data >= end)
1040 			data = (__le32 *)dind->b_data;
1041 	}
1042 
1043 	for (i = 0; i < reserved_gdb; i++) {
1044 		BUFFER_TRACE(primary[i], "get_write_access");
1045 		if ((err = ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle, primary[i])))
1046 			goto exit_bh;
1047 	}
1048 
1049 	if ((err = ext4_reserve_inode_write(handle, inode, &iloc)))
1050 		goto exit_bh;
1051 
1052 	/*
1053 	 * Finally we can add each of the reserved backup GDT blocks from
1054 	 * the new group to its reserved primary GDT block.
1055 	 */
1056 	blk = group * EXT4_BLOCKS_PER_GROUP(sb);
1057 	for (i = 0; i < reserved_gdb; i++) {
1058 		int err2;
1059 		data = (__le32 *)primary[i]->b_data;
1060 		/* printk("reserving backup %lu[%u] = %lu\n",
1061 		       primary[i]->b_blocknr, gdbackups,
1062 		       blk + primary[i]->b_blocknr); */
1063 		data[gdbackups] = cpu_to_le32(blk + primary[i]->b_blocknr);
1064 		err2 = ext4_handle_dirty_metadata(handle, NULL, primary[i]);
1065 		if (!err)
1066 			err = err2;
1067 	}
1068 
1069 	inode->i_blocks += reserved_gdb * sb->s_blocksize >> (9 - cluster_bits);
1070 	ext4_mark_iloc_dirty(handle, inode, &iloc);
1071 
1072 exit_bh:
1073 	while (--res >= 0)
1074 		brelse(primary[res]);
1075 	brelse(dind);
1076 
1077 exit_free:
1078 	kfree(primary);
1079 
1080 	return err;
1081 }
1082 
1083 /*
1084  * Update the backup copies of the ext4 metadata.  These don't need to be part
1085  * of the main resize transaction, because e2fsck will re-write them if there
1086  * is a problem (basically only OOM will cause a problem).  However, we
1087  * _should_ update the backups if possible, in case the primary gets trashed
1088  * for some reason and we need to run e2fsck from a backup superblock.  The
1089  * important part is that the new block and inode counts are in the backup
1090  * superblocks, and the location of the new group metadata in the GDT backups.
1091  *
1092  * We do not need take the s_resize_lock for this, because these
1093  * blocks are not otherwise touched by the filesystem code when it is
1094  * mounted.  We don't need to worry about last changing from
1095  * sbi->s_groups_count, because the worst that can happen is that we
1096  * do not copy the full number of backups at this time.  The resize
1097  * which changed s_groups_count will backup again.
1098  */
1099 static void update_backups(struct super_block *sb, sector_t blk_off, char *data,
1100 			   int size, int meta_bg)
1101 {
1102 	struct ext4_sb_info *sbi = EXT4_SB(sb);
1103 	ext4_group_t last;
1104 	const int bpg = EXT4_BLOCKS_PER_GROUP(sb);
1105 	unsigned three = 1;
1106 	unsigned five = 5;
1107 	unsigned seven = 7;
1108 	ext4_group_t group = 0;
1109 	int rest = sb->s_blocksize - size;
1110 	handle_t *handle;
1111 	int err = 0, err2;
1112 
1113 	handle = ext4_journal_start_sb(sb, EXT4_HT_RESIZE, EXT4_MAX_TRANS_DATA);
1114 	if (IS_ERR(handle)) {
1115 		group = 1;
1116 		err = PTR_ERR(handle);
1117 		goto exit_err;
1118 	}
1119 
1120 	if (meta_bg == 0) {
1121 		group = ext4_list_backups(sb, &three, &five, &seven);
1122 		last = sbi->s_groups_count;
1123 	} else {
1124 		group = ext4_get_group_number(sb, blk_off) + 1;
1125 		last = (ext4_group_t)(group + EXT4_DESC_PER_BLOCK(sb) - 2);
1126 	}
1127 
1128 	while (group < sbi->s_groups_count) {
1129 		struct buffer_head *bh;
1130 		ext4_fsblk_t backup_block;
1131 
1132 		/* Out of journal space, and can't get more - abort - so sad */
1133 		err = ext4_resize_ensure_credits_batch(handle, 1);
1134 		if (err < 0)
1135 			break;
1136 
1137 		if (meta_bg == 0)
1138 			backup_block = ((ext4_fsblk_t)group) * bpg + blk_off;
1139 		else
1140 			backup_block = (ext4_group_first_block_no(sb, group) +
1141 					ext4_bg_has_super(sb, group));
1142 
1143 		bh = sb_getblk(sb, backup_block);
1144 		if (unlikely(!bh)) {
1145 			err = -ENOMEM;
1146 			break;
1147 		}
1148 		ext4_debug("update metadata backup %llu(+%llu)\n",
1149 			   backup_block, backup_block -
1150 			   ext4_group_first_block_no(sb, group));
1151 		BUFFER_TRACE(bh, "get_write_access");
1152 		if ((err = ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle, bh))) {
1153 			brelse(bh);
1154 			break;
1155 		}
1156 		lock_buffer(bh);
1157 		memcpy(bh->b_data, data, size);
1158 		if (rest)
1159 			memset(bh->b_data + size, 0, rest);
1160 		set_buffer_uptodate(bh);
1161 		unlock_buffer(bh);
1162 		err = ext4_handle_dirty_metadata(handle, NULL, bh);
1163 		if (unlikely(err))
1164 			ext4_std_error(sb, err);
1165 		brelse(bh);
1166 
1167 		if (meta_bg == 0)
1168 			group = ext4_list_backups(sb, &three, &five, &seven);
1169 		else if (group == last)
1170 			break;
1171 		else
1172 			group = last;
1173 	}
1174 	if ((err2 = ext4_journal_stop(handle)) && !err)
1175 		err = err2;
1176 
1177 	/*
1178 	 * Ugh! Need to have e2fsck write the backup copies.  It is too
1179 	 * late to revert the resize, we shouldn't fail just because of
1180 	 * the backup copies (they are only needed in case of corruption).
1181 	 *
1182 	 * However, if we got here we have a journal problem too, so we
1183 	 * can't really start a transaction to mark the superblock.
1184 	 * Chicken out and just set the flag on the hope it will be written
1185 	 * to disk, and if not - we will simply wait until next fsck.
1186 	 */
1187 exit_err:
1188 	if (err) {
1189 		ext4_warning(sb, "can't update backup for group %u (err %d), "
1190 			     "forcing fsck on next reboot", group, err);
1191 		sbi->s_mount_state &= ~EXT4_VALID_FS;
1192 		sbi->s_es->s_state &= cpu_to_le16(~EXT4_VALID_FS);
1193 		mark_buffer_dirty(sbi->s_sbh);
1194 	}
1195 }
1196 
1197 /*
1198  * ext4_add_new_descs() adds @count group descriptor of groups
1199  * starting at @group
1200  *
1201  * @handle: journal handle
1202  * @sb: super block
1203  * @group: the group no. of the first group desc to be added
1204  * @resize_inode: the resize inode
1205  * @count: number of group descriptors to be added
1206  */
1207 static int ext4_add_new_descs(handle_t *handle, struct super_block *sb,
1208 			      ext4_group_t group, struct inode *resize_inode,
1209 			      ext4_group_t count)
1210 {
1211 	struct ext4_sb_info *sbi = EXT4_SB(sb);
1212 	struct ext4_super_block *es = sbi->s_es;
1213 	struct buffer_head *gdb_bh;
1214 	int i, gdb_off, gdb_num, err = 0;
1215 	int meta_bg;
1216 
1217 	meta_bg = ext4_has_feature_meta_bg(sb);
1218 	for (i = 0; i < count; i++, group++) {
1219 		int reserved_gdb = ext4_bg_has_super(sb, group) ?
1220 			le16_to_cpu(es->s_reserved_gdt_blocks) : 0;
1221 
1222 		gdb_off = group % EXT4_DESC_PER_BLOCK(sb);
1223 		gdb_num = group / EXT4_DESC_PER_BLOCK(sb);
1224 
1225 		/*
1226 		 * We will only either add reserved group blocks to a backup group
1227 		 * or remove reserved blocks for the first group in a new group block.
1228 		 * Doing both would be mean more complex code, and sane people don't
1229 		 * use non-sparse filesystems anymore.  This is already checked above.
1230 		 */
1231 		if (gdb_off) {
1232 			gdb_bh = sbi_array_rcu_deref(sbi, s_group_desc,
1233 						     gdb_num);
1234 			BUFFER_TRACE(gdb_bh, "get_write_access");
1235 			err = ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle, gdb_bh);
1236 
1237 			if (!err && reserved_gdb && ext4_bg_num_gdb(sb, group))
1238 				err = reserve_backup_gdb(handle, resize_inode, group);
1239 		} else if (meta_bg != 0) {
1240 			err = add_new_gdb_meta_bg(sb, handle, group);
1241 		} else {
1242 			err = add_new_gdb(handle, resize_inode, group);
1243 		}
1244 		if (err)
1245 			break;
1246 	}
1247 	return err;
1248 }
1249 
1250 static struct buffer_head *ext4_get_bitmap(struct super_block *sb, __u64 block)
1251 {
1252 	struct buffer_head *bh = sb_getblk(sb, block);
1253 	if (unlikely(!bh))
1254 		return NULL;
1255 	if (!bh_uptodate_or_lock(bh)) {
1256 		if (ext4_read_bh(bh, 0, NULL) < 0) {
1257 			brelse(bh);
1258 			return NULL;
1259 		}
1260 	}
1261 
1262 	return bh;
1263 }
1264 
1265 static int ext4_set_bitmap_checksums(struct super_block *sb,
1266 				     ext4_group_t group,
1267 				     struct ext4_group_desc *gdp,
1268 				     struct ext4_new_group_data *group_data)
1269 {
1270 	struct buffer_head *bh;
1271 
1272 	if (!ext4_has_metadata_csum(sb))
1273 		return 0;
1274 
1275 	bh = ext4_get_bitmap(sb, group_data->inode_bitmap);
1276 	if (!bh)
1277 		return -EIO;
1278 	ext4_inode_bitmap_csum_set(sb, group, gdp, bh,
1279 				   EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb) / 8);
1280 	brelse(bh);
1281 
1282 	bh = ext4_get_bitmap(sb, group_data->block_bitmap);
1283 	if (!bh)
1284 		return -EIO;
1285 	ext4_block_bitmap_csum_set(sb, group, gdp, bh);
1286 	brelse(bh);
1287 
1288 	return 0;
1289 }
1290 
1291 /*
1292  * ext4_setup_new_descs() will set up the group descriptor descriptors of a flex bg
1293  */
1294 static int ext4_setup_new_descs(handle_t *handle, struct super_block *sb,
1295 				struct ext4_new_flex_group_data *flex_gd)
1296 {
1297 	struct ext4_new_group_data	*group_data = flex_gd->groups;
1298 	struct ext4_group_desc		*gdp;
1299 	struct ext4_sb_info		*sbi = EXT4_SB(sb);
1300 	struct buffer_head		*gdb_bh;
1301 	ext4_group_t			group;
1302 	__u16				*bg_flags = flex_gd->bg_flags;
1303 	int				i, gdb_off, gdb_num, err = 0;
1304 
1305 
1306 	for (i = 0; i < flex_gd->count; i++, group_data++, bg_flags++) {
1307 		group = group_data->group;
1308 
1309 		gdb_off = group % EXT4_DESC_PER_BLOCK(sb);
1310 		gdb_num = group / EXT4_DESC_PER_BLOCK(sb);
1311 
1312 		/*
1313 		 * get_write_access() has been called on gdb_bh by ext4_add_new_desc().
1314 		 */
1315 		gdb_bh = sbi_array_rcu_deref(sbi, s_group_desc, gdb_num);
1316 		/* Update group descriptor block for new group */
1317 		gdp = (struct ext4_group_desc *)(gdb_bh->b_data +
1318 						 gdb_off * EXT4_DESC_SIZE(sb));
1319 
1320 		memset(gdp, 0, EXT4_DESC_SIZE(sb));
1321 		ext4_block_bitmap_set(sb, gdp, group_data->block_bitmap);
1322 		ext4_inode_bitmap_set(sb, gdp, group_data->inode_bitmap);
1323 		err = ext4_set_bitmap_checksums(sb, group, gdp, group_data);
1324 		if (err) {
1325 			ext4_std_error(sb, err);
1326 			break;
1327 		}
1328 
1329 		ext4_inode_table_set(sb, gdp, group_data->inode_table);
1330 		ext4_free_group_clusters_set(sb, gdp,
1331 					     group_data->free_clusters_count);
1332 		ext4_free_inodes_set(sb, gdp, EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb));
1333 		if (ext4_has_group_desc_csum(sb))
1334 			ext4_itable_unused_set(sb, gdp,
1335 					       EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb));
1336 		gdp->bg_flags = cpu_to_le16(*bg_flags);
1337 		ext4_group_desc_csum_set(sb, group, gdp);
1338 
1339 		err = ext4_handle_dirty_metadata(handle, NULL, gdb_bh);
1340 		if (unlikely(err)) {
1341 			ext4_std_error(sb, err);
1342 			break;
1343 		}
1344 
1345 		/*
1346 		 * We can allocate memory for mb_alloc based on the new group
1347 		 * descriptor
1348 		 */
1349 		err = ext4_mb_add_groupinfo(sb, group, gdp);
1350 		if (err)
1351 			break;
1352 	}
1353 	return err;
1354 }
1355 
1356 /*
1357  * ext4_update_super() updates the super block so that the newly added
1358  * groups can be seen by the filesystem.
1359  *
1360  * @sb: super block
1361  * @flex_gd: new added groups
1362  */
1363 static void ext4_update_super(struct super_block *sb,
1364 			     struct ext4_new_flex_group_data *flex_gd)
1365 {
1366 	ext4_fsblk_t blocks_count = 0;
1367 	ext4_fsblk_t free_blocks = 0;
1368 	ext4_fsblk_t reserved_blocks = 0;
1369 	struct ext4_new_group_data *group_data = flex_gd->groups;
1370 	struct ext4_sb_info *sbi = EXT4_SB(sb);
1371 	struct ext4_super_block *es = sbi->s_es;
1372 	int i;
1373 
1374 	BUG_ON(flex_gd->count == 0 || group_data == NULL);
1375 	/*
1376 	 * Make the new blocks and inodes valid next.  We do this before
1377 	 * increasing the group count so that once the group is enabled,
1378 	 * all of its blocks and inodes are already valid.
1379 	 *
1380 	 * We always allocate group-by-group, then block-by-block or
1381 	 * inode-by-inode within a group, so enabling these
1382 	 * blocks/inodes before the group is live won't actually let us
1383 	 * allocate the new space yet.
1384 	 */
1385 	for (i = 0; i < flex_gd->count; i++) {
1386 		blocks_count += group_data[i].blocks_count;
1387 		free_blocks += EXT4_C2B(sbi, group_data[i].free_clusters_count);
1388 	}
1389 
1390 	reserved_blocks = ext4_r_blocks_count(es) * 100;
1391 	reserved_blocks = div64_u64(reserved_blocks, ext4_blocks_count(es));
1392 	reserved_blocks *= blocks_count;
1393 	do_div(reserved_blocks, 100);
1394 
1395 	lock_buffer(sbi->s_sbh);
1396 	ext4_blocks_count_set(es, ext4_blocks_count(es) + blocks_count);
1397 	ext4_free_blocks_count_set(es, ext4_free_blocks_count(es) + free_blocks);
1398 	le32_add_cpu(&es->s_inodes_count, EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb) *
1399 		     flex_gd->count);
1400 	le32_add_cpu(&es->s_free_inodes_count, EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb) *
1401 		     flex_gd->count);
1402 
1403 	ext4_debug("free blocks count %llu", ext4_free_blocks_count(es));
1404 	/*
1405 	 * We need to protect s_groups_count against other CPUs seeing
1406 	 * inconsistent state in the superblock.
1407 	 *
1408 	 * The precise rules we use are:
1409 	 *
1410 	 * * Writers must perform a smp_wmb() after updating all
1411 	 *   dependent data and before modifying the groups count
1412 	 *
1413 	 * * Readers must perform an smp_rmb() after reading the groups
1414 	 *   count and before reading any dependent data.
1415 	 *
1416 	 * NB. These rules can be relaxed when checking the group count
1417 	 * while freeing data, as we can only allocate from a block
1418 	 * group after serialising against the group count, and we can
1419 	 * only then free after serialising in turn against that
1420 	 * allocation.
1421 	 */
1422 	smp_wmb();
1423 
1424 	/* Update the global fs size fields */
1425 	sbi->s_groups_count += flex_gd->count;
1426 	sbi->s_blockfile_groups = min_t(ext4_group_t, sbi->s_groups_count,
1427 			(EXT4_MAX_BLOCK_FILE_PHYS / EXT4_BLOCKS_PER_GROUP(sb)));
1428 
1429 	/* Update the reserved block counts only once the new group is
1430 	 * active. */
1431 	ext4_r_blocks_count_set(es, ext4_r_blocks_count(es) +
1432 				reserved_blocks);
1433 	ext4_superblock_csum_set(sb);
1434 	unlock_buffer(sbi->s_sbh);
1435 
1436 	/* Update the free space counts */
1437 	percpu_counter_add(&sbi->s_freeclusters_counter,
1438 			   EXT4_NUM_B2C(sbi, free_blocks));
1439 	percpu_counter_add(&sbi->s_freeinodes_counter,
1440 			   EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb) * flex_gd->count);
1441 
1442 	ext4_debug("free blocks count %llu",
1443 		   percpu_counter_read(&sbi->s_freeclusters_counter));
1444 	if (ext4_has_feature_flex_bg(sb) && sbi->s_log_groups_per_flex) {
1445 		ext4_group_t flex_group;
1446 		struct flex_groups *fg;
1447 
1448 		flex_group = ext4_flex_group(sbi, group_data[0].group);
1449 		fg = sbi_array_rcu_deref(sbi, s_flex_groups, flex_group);
1450 		atomic64_add(EXT4_NUM_B2C(sbi, free_blocks),
1451 			     &fg->free_clusters);
1452 		atomic_add(EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb) * flex_gd->count,
1453 			   &fg->free_inodes);
1454 	}
1455 
1456 	/*
1457 	 * Update the fs overhead information
1458 	 */
1459 	ext4_calculate_overhead(sb);
1460 
1461 	if (test_opt(sb, DEBUG))
1462 		printk(KERN_DEBUG "EXT4-fs: added group %u:"
1463 		       "%llu blocks(%llu free %llu reserved)\n", flex_gd->count,
1464 		       blocks_count, free_blocks, reserved_blocks);
1465 }
1466 
1467 /* Add a flex group to an fs. Ensure we handle all possible error conditions
1468  * _before_ we start modifying the filesystem, because we cannot abort the
1469  * transaction and not have it write the data to disk.
1470  */
1471 static int ext4_flex_group_add(struct super_block *sb,
1472 			       struct inode *resize_inode,
1473 			       struct ext4_new_flex_group_data *flex_gd)
1474 {
1475 	struct ext4_sb_info *sbi = EXT4_SB(sb);
1476 	struct ext4_super_block *es = sbi->s_es;
1477 	ext4_fsblk_t o_blocks_count;
1478 	ext4_grpblk_t last;
1479 	ext4_group_t group;
1480 	handle_t *handle;
1481 	unsigned reserved_gdb;
1482 	int err = 0, err2 = 0, credit;
1483 
1484 	BUG_ON(!flex_gd->count || !flex_gd->groups || !flex_gd->bg_flags);
1485 
1486 	reserved_gdb = le16_to_cpu(es->s_reserved_gdt_blocks);
1487 	o_blocks_count = ext4_blocks_count(es);
1488 	ext4_get_group_no_and_offset(sb, o_blocks_count, &group, &last);
1489 	BUG_ON(last);
1490 
1491 	err = setup_new_flex_group_blocks(sb, flex_gd);
1492 	if (err)
1493 		goto exit;
1494 	/*
1495 	 * We will always be modifying at least the superblock and  GDT
1496 	 * blocks.  If we are adding a group past the last current GDT block,
1497 	 * we will also modify the inode and the dindirect block.  If we
1498 	 * are adding a group with superblock/GDT backups  we will also
1499 	 * modify each of the reserved GDT dindirect blocks.
1500 	 */
1501 	credit = 3;	/* sb, resize inode, resize inode dindirect */
1502 	/* GDT blocks */
1503 	credit += 1 + DIV_ROUND_UP(flex_gd->count, EXT4_DESC_PER_BLOCK(sb));
1504 	credit += reserved_gdb;	/* Reserved GDT dindirect blocks */
1505 	handle = ext4_journal_start_sb(sb, EXT4_HT_RESIZE, credit);
1506 	if (IS_ERR(handle)) {
1507 		err = PTR_ERR(handle);
1508 		goto exit;
1509 	}
1510 
1511 	BUFFER_TRACE(sbi->s_sbh, "get_write_access");
1512 	err = ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle, sbi->s_sbh);
1513 	if (err)
1514 		goto exit_journal;
1515 
1516 	group = flex_gd->groups[0].group;
1517 	BUG_ON(group != sbi->s_groups_count);
1518 	err = ext4_add_new_descs(handle, sb, group,
1519 				resize_inode, flex_gd->count);
1520 	if (err)
1521 		goto exit_journal;
1522 
1523 	err = ext4_setup_new_descs(handle, sb, flex_gd);
1524 	if (err)
1525 		goto exit_journal;
1526 
1527 	ext4_update_super(sb, flex_gd);
1528 
1529 	err = ext4_handle_dirty_metadata(handle, NULL, sbi->s_sbh);
1530 
1531 exit_journal:
1532 	err2 = ext4_journal_stop(handle);
1533 	if (!err)
1534 		err = err2;
1535 
1536 	if (!err) {
1537 		int gdb_num = group / EXT4_DESC_PER_BLOCK(sb);
1538 		int gdb_num_end = ((group + flex_gd->count - 1) /
1539 				   EXT4_DESC_PER_BLOCK(sb));
1540 		int meta_bg = ext4_has_feature_meta_bg(sb);
1541 		sector_t old_gdb = 0;
1542 
1543 		update_backups(sb, sbi->s_sbh->b_blocknr, (char *)es,
1544 			       sizeof(struct ext4_super_block), 0);
1545 		for (; gdb_num <= gdb_num_end; gdb_num++) {
1546 			struct buffer_head *gdb_bh;
1547 
1548 			gdb_bh = sbi_array_rcu_deref(sbi, s_group_desc,
1549 						     gdb_num);
1550 			if (old_gdb == gdb_bh->b_blocknr)
1551 				continue;
1552 			update_backups(sb, gdb_bh->b_blocknr, gdb_bh->b_data,
1553 				       gdb_bh->b_size, meta_bg);
1554 			old_gdb = gdb_bh->b_blocknr;
1555 		}
1556 	}
1557 exit:
1558 	return err;
1559 }
1560 
1561 static int ext4_setup_next_flex_gd(struct super_block *sb,
1562 				    struct ext4_new_flex_group_data *flex_gd,
1563 				    ext4_fsblk_t n_blocks_count,
1564 				    unsigned long flexbg_size)
1565 {
1566 	struct ext4_sb_info *sbi = EXT4_SB(sb);
1567 	struct ext4_super_block *es = sbi->s_es;
1568 	struct ext4_new_group_data *group_data = flex_gd->groups;
1569 	ext4_fsblk_t o_blocks_count;
1570 	ext4_group_t n_group;
1571 	ext4_group_t group;
1572 	ext4_group_t last_group;
1573 	ext4_grpblk_t last;
1574 	ext4_grpblk_t clusters_per_group;
1575 	unsigned long i;
1576 
1577 	clusters_per_group = EXT4_CLUSTERS_PER_GROUP(sb);
1578 
1579 	o_blocks_count = ext4_blocks_count(es);
1580 
1581 	if (o_blocks_count == n_blocks_count)
1582 		return 0;
1583 
1584 	ext4_get_group_no_and_offset(sb, o_blocks_count, &group, &last);
1585 	BUG_ON(last);
1586 	ext4_get_group_no_and_offset(sb, n_blocks_count - 1, &n_group, &last);
1587 
1588 	last_group = group | (flexbg_size - 1);
1589 	if (last_group > n_group)
1590 		last_group = n_group;
1591 
1592 	flex_gd->count = last_group - group + 1;
1593 
1594 	for (i = 0; i < flex_gd->count; i++) {
1595 		int overhead;
1596 
1597 		group_data[i].group = group + i;
1598 		group_data[i].blocks_count = EXT4_BLOCKS_PER_GROUP(sb);
1599 		overhead = ext4_group_overhead_blocks(sb, group + i);
1600 		group_data[i].mdata_blocks = overhead;
1601 		group_data[i].free_clusters_count = EXT4_CLUSTERS_PER_GROUP(sb);
1602 		if (ext4_has_group_desc_csum(sb)) {
1603 			flex_gd->bg_flags[i] = EXT4_BG_BLOCK_UNINIT |
1604 					       EXT4_BG_INODE_UNINIT;
1605 			if (!test_opt(sb, INIT_INODE_TABLE))
1606 				flex_gd->bg_flags[i] |= EXT4_BG_INODE_ZEROED;
1607 		} else
1608 			flex_gd->bg_flags[i] = EXT4_BG_INODE_ZEROED;
1609 	}
1610 
1611 	if (last_group == n_group && ext4_has_group_desc_csum(sb))
1612 		/* We need to initialize block bitmap of last group. */
1613 		flex_gd->bg_flags[i - 1] &= ~EXT4_BG_BLOCK_UNINIT;
1614 
1615 	if ((last_group == n_group) && (last != clusters_per_group - 1)) {
1616 		group_data[i - 1].blocks_count = EXT4_C2B(sbi, last + 1);
1617 		group_data[i - 1].free_clusters_count -= clusters_per_group -
1618 						       last - 1;
1619 	}
1620 
1621 	return 1;
1622 }
1623 
1624 /* Add group descriptor data to an existing or new group descriptor block.
1625  * Ensure we handle all possible error conditions _before_ we start modifying
1626  * the filesystem, because we cannot abort the transaction and not have it
1627  * write the data to disk.
1628  *
1629  * If we are on a GDT block boundary, we need to get the reserved GDT block.
1630  * Otherwise, we may need to add backup GDT blocks for a sparse group.
1631  *
1632  * We only need to hold the superblock lock while we are actually adding
1633  * in the new group's counts to the superblock.  Prior to that we have
1634  * not really "added" the group at all.  We re-check that we are still
1635  * adding in the last group in case things have changed since verifying.
1636  */
1637 int ext4_group_add(struct super_block *sb, struct ext4_new_group_data *input)
1638 {
1639 	struct ext4_new_flex_group_data flex_gd;
1640 	struct ext4_sb_info *sbi = EXT4_SB(sb);
1641 	struct ext4_super_block *es = sbi->s_es;
1642 	int reserved_gdb = ext4_bg_has_super(sb, input->group) ?
1643 		le16_to_cpu(es->s_reserved_gdt_blocks) : 0;
1644 	struct inode *inode = NULL;
1645 	int gdb_off;
1646 	int err;
1647 	__u16 bg_flags = 0;
1648 
1649 	gdb_off = input->group % EXT4_DESC_PER_BLOCK(sb);
1650 
1651 	if (gdb_off == 0 && !ext4_has_feature_sparse_super(sb)) {
1652 		ext4_warning(sb, "Can't resize non-sparse filesystem further");
1653 		return -EPERM;
1654 	}
1655 
1656 	if (ext4_blocks_count(es) + input->blocks_count <
1657 	    ext4_blocks_count(es)) {
1658 		ext4_warning(sb, "blocks_count overflow");
1659 		return -EINVAL;
1660 	}
1661 
1662 	if (le32_to_cpu(es->s_inodes_count) + EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb) <
1663 	    le32_to_cpu(es->s_inodes_count)) {
1664 		ext4_warning(sb, "inodes_count overflow");
1665 		return -EINVAL;
1666 	}
1667 
1668 	if (reserved_gdb || gdb_off == 0) {
1669 		if (!ext4_has_feature_resize_inode(sb) ||
1670 		    !le16_to_cpu(es->s_reserved_gdt_blocks)) {
1671 			ext4_warning(sb,
1672 				     "No reserved GDT blocks, can't resize");
1673 			return -EPERM;
1674 		}
1675 		inode = ext4_iget(sb, EXT4_RESIZE_INO, EXT4_IGET_SPECIAL);
1676 		if (IS_ERR(inode)) {
1677 			ext4_warning(sb, "Error opening resize inode");
1678 			return PTR_ERR(inode);
1679 		}
1680 	}
1681 
1682 
1683 	err = verify_group_input(sb, input);
1684 	if (err)
1685 		goto out;
1686 
1687 	err = ext4_alloc_flex_bg_array(sb, input->group + 1);
1688 	if (err)
1689 		goto out;
1690 
1691 	err = ext4_mb_alloc_groupinfo(sb, input->group + 1);
1692 	if (err)
1693 		goto out;
1694 
1695 	flex_gd.count = 1;
1696 	flex_gd.groups = input;
1697 	flex_gd.bg_flags = &bg_flags;
1698 	err = ext4_flex_group_add(sb, inode, &flex_gd);
1699 out:
1700 	iput(inode);
1701 	return err;
1702 } /* ext4_group_add */
1703 
1704 /*
1705  * extend a group without checking assuming that checking has been done.
1706  */
1707 static int ext4_group_extend_no_check(struct super_block *sb,
1708 				      ext4_fsblk_t o_blocks_count, ext4_grpblk_t add)
1709 {
1710 	struct ext4_super_block *es = EXT4_SB(sb)->s_es;
1711 	handle_t *handle;
1712 	int err = 0, err2;
1713 
1714 	/* We will update the superblock, one block bitmap, and
1715 	 * one group descriptor via ext4_group_add_blocks().
1716 	 */
1717 	handle = ext4_journal_start_sb(sb, EXT4_HT_RESIZE, 3);
1718 	if (IS_ERR(handle)) {
1719 		err = PTR_ERR(handle);
1720 		ext4_warning(sb, "error %d on journal start", err);
1721 		return err;
1722 	}
1723 
1724 	BUFFER_TRACE(EXT4_SB(sb)->s_sbh, "get_write_access");
1725 	err = ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle, EXT4_SB(sb)->s_sbh);
1726 	if (err) {
1727 		ext4_warning(sb, "error %d on journal write access", err);
1728 		goto errout;
1729 	}
1730 
1731 	lock_buffer(EXT4_SB(sb)->s_sbh);
1732 	ext4_blocks_count_set(es, o_blocks_count + add);
1733 	ext4_free_blocks_count_set(es, ext4_free_blocks_count(es) + add);
1734 	ext4_superblock_csum_set(sb);
1735 	unlock_buffer(EXT4_SB(sb)->s_sbh);
1736 	ext4_debug("freeing blocks %llu through %llu\n", o_blocks_count,
1737 		   o_blocks_count + add);
1738 	/* We add the blocks to the bitmap and set the group need init bit */
1739 	err = ext4_group_add_blocks(handle, sb, o_blocks_count, add);
1740 	if (err)
1741 		goto errout;
1742 	ext4_handle_dirty_metadata(handle, NULL, EXT4_SB(sb)->s_sbh);
1743 	ext4_debug("freed blocks %llu through %llu\n", o_blocks_count,
1744 		   o_blocks_count + add);
1745 errout:
1746 	err2 = ext4_journal_stop(handle);
1747 	if (err2 && !err)
1748 		err = err2;
1749 
1750 	if (!err) {
1751 		if (test_opt(sb, DEBUG))
1752 			printk(KERN_DEBUG "EXT4-fs: extended group to %llu "
1753 			       "blocks\n", ext4_blocks_count(es));
1754 		update_backups(sb, EXT4_SB(sb)->s_sbh->b_blocknr,
1755 			       (char *)es, sizeof(struct ext4_super_block), 0);
1756 	}
1757 	return err;
1758 }
1759 
1760 /*
1761  * Extend the filesystem to the new number of blocks specified.  This entry
1762  * point is only used to extend the current filesystem to the end of the last
1763  * existing group.  It can be accessed via ioctl, or by "remount,resize=<size>"
1764  * for emergencies (because it has no dependencies on reserved blocks).
1765  *
1766  * If we _really_ wanted, we could use default values to call ext4_group_add()
1767  * allow the "remount" trick to work for arbitrary resizing, assuming enough
1768  * GDT blocks are reserved to grow to the desired size.
1769  */
1770 int ext4_group_extend(struct super_block *sb, struct ext4_super_block *es,
1771 		      ext4_fsblk_t n_blocks_count)
1772 {
1773 	ext4_fsblk_t o_blocks_count;
1774 	ext4_grpblk_t last;
1775 	ext4_grpblk_t add;
1776 	struct buffer_head *bh;
1777 	int err;
1778 	ext4_group_t group;
1779 
1780 	o_blocks_count = ext4_blocks_count(es);
1781 
1782 	if (test_opt(sb, DEBUG))
1783 		ext4_msg(sb, KERN_DEBUG,
1784 			 "extending last group from %llu to %llu blocks",
1785 			 o_blocks_count, n_blocks_count);
1786 
1787 	if (n_blocks_count == 0 || n_blocks_count == o_blocks_count)
1788 		return 0;
1789 
1790 	if (n_blocks_count > (sector_t)(~0ULL) >> (sb->s_blocksize_bits - 9)) {
1791 		ext4_msg(sb, KERN_ERR,
1792 			 "filesystem too large to resize to %llu blocks safely",
1793 			 n_blocks_count);
1794 		return -EINVAL;
1795 	}
1796 
1797 	if (n_blocks_count < o_blocks_count) {
1798 		ext4_warning(sb, "can't shrink FS - resize aborted");
1799 		return -EINVAL;
1800 	}
1801 
1802 	/* Handle the remaining blocks in the last group only. */
1803 	ext4_get_group_no_and_offset(sb, o_blocks_count, &group, &last);
1804 
1805 	if (last == 0) {
1806 		ext4_warning(sb, "need to use ext2online to resize further");
1807 		return -EPERM;
1808 	}
1809 
1810 	add = EXT4_BLOCKS_PER_GROUP(sb) - last;
1811 
1812 	if (o_blocks_count + add < o_blocks_count) {
1813 		ext4_warning(sb, "blocks_count overflow");
1814 		return -EINVAL;
1815 	}
1816 
1817 	if (o_blocks_count + add > n_blocks_count)
1818 		add = n_blocks_count - o_blocks_count;
1819 
1820 	if (o_blocks_count + add < n_blocks_count)
1821 		ext4_warning(sb, "will only finish group (%llu blocks, %u new)",
1822 			     o_blocks_count + add, add);
1823 
1824 	/* See if the device is actually as big as what was requested */
1825 	bh = ext4_sb_bread(sb, o_blocks_count + add - 1, 0);
1826 	if (IS_ERR(bh)) {
1827 		ext4_warning(sb, "can't read last block, resize aborted");
1828 		return -ENOSPC;
1829 	}
1830 	brelse(bh);
1831 
1832 	err = ext4_group_extend_no_check(sb, o_blocks_count, add);
1833 	return err;
1834 } /* ext4_group_extend */
1835 
1836 
1837 static int num_desc_blocks(struct super_block *sb, ext4_group_t groups)
1838 {
1839 	return (groups + EXT4_DESC_PER_BLOCK(sb) - 1) / EXT4_DESC_PER_BLOCK(sb);
1840 }
1841 
1842 /*
1843  * Release the resize inode and drop the resize_inode feature if there
1844  * are no more reserved gdt blocks, and then convert the file system
1845  * to enable meta_bg
1846  */
1847 static int ext4_convert_meta_bg(struct super_block *sb, struct inode *inode)
1848 {
1849 	handle_t *handle;
1850 	struct ext4_sb_info *sbi = EXT4_SB(sb);
1851 	struct ext4_super_block *es = sbi->s_es;
1852 	struct ext4_inode_info *ei = EXT4_I(inode);
1853 	ext4_fsblk_t nr;
1854 	int i, ret, err = 0;
1855 	int credits = 1;
1856 
1857 	ext4_msg(sb, KERN_INFO, "Converting file system to meta_bg");
1858 	if (inode) {
1859 		if (es->s_reserved_gdt_blocks) {
1860 			ext4_error(sb, "Unexpected non-zero "
1861 				   "s_reserved_gdt_blocks");
1862 			return -EPERM;
1863 		}
1864 
1865 		/* Do a quick sanity check of the resize inode */
1866 		if (inode->i_blocks != 1 << (inode->i_blkbits -
1867 					     (9 - sbi->s_cluster_bits)))
1868 			goto invalid_resize_inode;
1869 		for (i = 0; i < EXT4_N_BLOCKS; i++) {
1870 			if (i == EXT4_DIND_BLOCK) {
1871 				if (ei->i_data[i])
1872 					continue;
1873 				else
1874 					goto invalid_resize_inode;
1875 			}
1876 			if (ei->i_data[i])
1877 				goto invalid_resize_inode;
1878 		}
1879 		credits += 3;	/* block bitmap, bg descriptor, resize inode */
1880 	}
1881 
1882 	handle = ext4_journal_start_sb(sb, EXT4_HT_RESIZE, credits);
1883 	if (IS_ERR(handle))
1884 		return PTR_ERR(handle);
1885 
1886 	BUFFER_TRACE(sbi->s_sbh, "get_write_access");
1887 	err = ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle, sbi->s_sbh);
1888 	if (err)
1889 		goto errout;
1890 
1891 	lock_buffer(sbi->s_sbh);
1892 	ext4_clear_feature_resize_inode(sb);
1893 	ext4_set_feature_meta_bg(sb);
1894 	sbi->s_es->s_first_meta_bg =
1895 		cpu_to_le32(num_desc_blocks(sb, sbi->s_groups_count));
1896 	ext4_superblock_csum_set(sb);
1897 	unlock_buffer(sbi->s_sbh);
1898 
1899 	err = ext4_handle_dirty_metadata(handle, NULL, sbi->s_sbh);
1900 	if (err) {
1901 		ext4_std_error(sb, err);
1902 		goto errout;
1903 	}
1904 
1905 	if (inode) {
1906 		nr = le32_to_cpu(ei->i_data[EXT4_DIND_BLOCK]);
1907 		ext4_free_blocks(handle, inode, NULL, nr, 1,
1908 				 EXT4_FREE_BLOCKS_METADATA |
1909 				 EXT4_FREE_BLOCKS_FORGET);
1910 		ei->i_data[EXT4_DIND_BLOCK] = 0;
1911 		inode->i_blocks = 0;
1912 
1913 		err = ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle, inode);
1914 		if (err)
1915 			ext4_std_error(sb, err);
1916 	}
1917 
1918 errout:
1919 	ret = ext4_journal_stop(handle);
1920 	if (!err)
1921 		err = ret;
1922 	return ret;
1923 
1924 invalid_resize_inode:
1925 	ext4_error(sb, "corrupted/inconsistent resize inode");
1926 	return -EINVAL;
1927 }
1928 
1929 /*
1930  * ext4_resize_fs() resizes a fs to new size specified by @n_blocks_count
1931  *
1932  * @sb: super block of the fs to be resized
1933  * @n_blocks_count: the number of blocks resides in the resized fs
1934  */
1935 int ext4_resize_fs(struct super_block *sb, ext4_fsblk_t n_blocks_count)
1936 {
1937 	struct ext4_new_flex_group_data *flex_gd = NULL;
1938 	struct ext4_sb_info *sbi = EXT4_SB(sb);
1939 	struct ext4_super_block *es = sbi->s_es;
1940 	struct buffer_head *bh;
1941 	struct inode *resize_inode = NULL;
1942 	ext4_grpblk_t add, offset;
1943 	unsigned long n_desc_blocks;
1944 	unsigned long o_desc_blocks;
1945 	ext4_group_t o_group;
1946 	ext4_group_t n_group;
1947 	ext4_fsblk_t o_blocks_count;
1948 	ext4_fsblk_t n_blocks_count_retry = 0;
1949 	unsigned long last_update_time = 0;
1950 	int err = 0, flexbg_size = 1 << sbi->s_log_groups_per_flex;
1951 	int meta_bg;
1952 
1953 	/* See if the device is actually as big as what was requested */
1954 	bh = ext4_sb_bread(sb, n_blocks_count - 1, 0);
1955 	if (IS_ERR(bh)) {
1956 		ext4_warning(sb, "can't read last block, resize aborted");
1957 		return -ENOSPC;
1958 	}
1959 	brelse(bh);
1960 
1961 retry:
1962 	o_blocks_count = ext4_blocks_count(es);
1963 
1964 	ext4_msg(sb, KERN_INFO, "resizing filesystem from %llu "
1965 		 "to %llu blocks", o_blocks_count, n_blocks_count);
1966 
1967 	if (n_blocks_count < o_blocks_count) {
1968 		/* On-line shrinking not supported */
1969 		ext4_warning(sb, "can't shrink FS - resize aborted");
1970 		return -EINVAL;
1971 	}
1972 
1973 	if (n_blocks_count == o_blocks_count)
1974 		/* Nothing need to do */
1975 		return 0;
1976 
1977 	n_group = ext4_get_group_number(sb, n_blocks_count - 1);
1978 	if (n_group >= (0xFFFFFFFFUL / EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb))) {
1979 		ext4_warning(sb, "resize would cause inodes_count overflow");
1980 		return -EINVAL;
1981 	}
1982 	ext4_get_group_no_and_offset(sb, o_blocks_count - 1, &o_group, &offset);
1983 
1984 	n_desc_blocks = num_desc_blocks(sb, n_group + 1);
1985 	o_desc_blocks = num_desc_blocks(sb, sbi->s_groups_count);
1986 
1987 	meta_bg = ext4_has_feature_meta_bg(sb);
1988 
1989 	if (ext4_has_feature_resize_inode(sb)) {
1990 		if (meta_bg) {
1991 			ext4_error(sb, "resize_inode and meta_bg enabled "
1992 				   "simultaneously");
1993 			return -EINVAL;
1994 		}
1995 		if (n_desc_blocks > o_desc_blocks +
1996 		    le16_to_cpu(es->s_reserved_gdt_blocks)) {
1997 			n_blocks_count_retry = n_blocks_count;
1998 			n_desc_blocks = o_desc_blocks +
1999 				le16_to_cpu(es->s_reserved_gdt_blocks);
2000 			n_group = n_desc_blocks * EXT4_DESC_PER_BLOCK(sb);
2001 			n_blocks_count = (ext4_fsblk_t)n_group *
2002 				EXT4_BLOCKS_PER_GROUP(sb) +
2003 				le32_to_cpu(es->s_first_data_block);
2004 			n_group--; /* set to last group number */
2005 		}
2006 
2007 		if (!resize_inode)
2008 			resize_inode = ext4_iget(sb, EXT4_RESIZE_INO,
2009 						 EXT4_IGET_SPECIAL);
2010 		if (IS_ERR(resize_inode)) {
2011 			ext4_warning(sb, "Error opening resize inode");
2012 			return PTR_ERR(resize_inode);
2013 		}
2014 	}
2015 
2016 	if ((!resize_inode && !meta_bg) || n_blocks_count == o_blocks_count) {
2017 		err = ext4_convert_meta_bg(sb, resize_inode);
2018 		if (err)
2019 			goto out;
2020 		if (resize_inode) {
2021 			iput(resize_inode);
2022 			resize_inode = NULL;
2023 		}
2024 		if (n_blocks_count_retry) {
2025 			n_blocks_count = n_blocks_count_retry;
2026 			n_blocks_count_retry = 0;
2027 			goto retry;
2028 		}
2029 	}
2030 
2031 	/*
2032 	 * Make sure the last group has enough space so that it's
2033 	 * guaranteed to have enough space for all metadata blocks
2034 	 * that it might need to hold.  (We might not need to store
2035 	 * the inode table blocks in the last block group, but there
2036 	 * will be cases where this might be needed.)
2037 	 */
2038 	if ((ext4_group_first_block_no(sb, n_group) +
2039 	     ext4_group_overhead_blocks(sb, n_group) + 2 +
2040 	     sbi->s_itb_per_group + sbi->s_cluster_ratio) >= n_blocks_count) {
2041 		n_blocks_count = ext4_group_first_block_no(sb, n_group);
2042 		n_group--;
2043 		n_blocks_count_retry = 0;
2044 		if (resize_inode) {
2045 			iput(resize_inode);
2046 			resize_inode = NULL;
2047 		}
2048 		goto retry;
2049 	}
2050 
2051 	/* extend the last group */
2052 	if (n_group == o_group)
2053 		add = n_blocks_count - o_blocks_count;
2054 	else
2055 		add = EXT4_C2B(sbi, EXT4_CLUSTERS_PER_GROUP(sb) - (offset + 1));
2056 	if (add > 0) {
2057 		err = ext4_group_extend_no_check(sb, o_blocks_count, add);
2058 		if (err)
2059 			goto out;
2060 	}
2061 
2062 	if (ext4_blocks_count(es) == n_blocks_count)
2063 		goto out;
2064 
2065 	err = ext4_alloc_flex_bg_array(sb, n_group + 1);
2066 	if (err)
2067 		goto out;
2068 
2069 	err = ext4_mb_alloc_groupinfo(sb, n_group + 1);
2070 	if (err)
2071 		goto out;
2072 
2073 	flex_gd = alloc_flex_gd(flexbg_size);
2074 	if (flex_gd == NULL) {
2075 		err = -ENOMEM;
2076 		goto out;
2077 	}
2078 
2079 	/* Add flex groups. Note that a regular group is a
2080 	 * flex group with 1 group.
2081 	 */
2082 	while (ext4_setup_next_flex_gd(sb, flex_gd, n_blocks_count,
2083 					      flexbg_size)) {
2084 		if (jiffies - last_update_time > HZ * 10) {
2085 			if (last_update_time)
2086 				ext4_msg(sb, KERN_INFO,
2087 					 "resized to %llu blocks",
2088 					 ext4_blocks_count(es));
2089 			last_update_time = jiffies;
2090 		}
2091 		if (ext4_alloc_group_tables(sb, flex_gd, flexbg_size) != 0)
2092 			break;
2093 		err = ext4_flex_group_add(sb, resize_inode, flex_gd);
2094 		if (unlikely(err))
2095 			break;
2096 	}
2097 
2098 	if (!err && n_blocks_count_retry) {
2099 		n_blocks_count = n_blocks_count_retry;
2100 		n_blocks_count_retry = 0;
2101 		free_flex_gd(flex_gd);
2102 		flex_gd = NULL;
2103 		if (resize_inode) {
2104 			iput(resize_inode);
2105 			resize_inode = NULL;
2106 		}
2107 		goto retry;
2108 	}
2109 
2110 out:
2111 	if (flex_gd)
2112 		free_flex_gd(flex_gd);
2113 	if (resize_inode != NULL)
2114 		iput(resize_inode);
2115 	if (err)
2116 		ext4_warning(sb, "error (%d) occurred during "
2117 			     "file system resize", err);
2118 	ext4_msg(sb, KERN_INFO, "resized filesystem to %llu",
2119 		 ext4_blocks_count(es));
2120 	return err;
2121 }
2122