xref: /linux/fs/ext4/readpage.c (revision 66c3b67a687537fbd56b9835ff6eea5d29ad0170)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 /*
3  * linux/fs/ext4/readpage.c
4  *
5  * Copyright (C) 2002, Linus Torvalds.
6  * Copyright (C) 2015, Google, Inc.
7  *
8  * This was originally taken from fs/mpage.c
9  *
10  * The ext4_mpage_readpages() function here is intended to
11  * replace mpage_readahead() in the general case, not just for
12  * encrypted files.  It has some limitations (see below), where it
13  * will fall back to read_block_full_page(), but these limitations
14  * should only be hit when page_size != block_size.
15  *
16  * This will allow us to attach a callback function to support ext4
17  * encryption.
18  *
19  * If anything unusual happens, such as:
20  *
21  * - encountering a page which has buffers
22  * - encountering a page which has a non-hole after a hole
23  * - encountering a page with non-contiguous blocks
24  *
25  * then this code just gives up and calls the buffer_head-based read function.
26  * It does handle a page which has holes at the end - that is a common case:
27  * the end-of-file on blocksize < PAGE_SIZE setups.
28  *
29  */
30 
31 #include <linux/kernel.h>
32 #include <linux/export.h>
33 #include <linux/mm.h>
34 #include <linux/kdev_t.h>
35 #include <linux/gfp.h>
36 #include <linux/bio.h>
37 #include <linux/fs.h>
38 #include <linux/buffer_head.h>
39 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
40 #include <linux/highmem.h>
41 #include <linux/prefetch.h>
42 #include <linux/mpage.h>
43 #include <linux/writeback.h>
44 #include <linux/backing-dev.h>
45 #include <linux/pagevec.h>
46 
47 #include "ext4.h"
48 
49 #define NUM_PREALLOC_POST_READ_CTXS	128
50 
51 static struct kmem_cache *bio_post_read_ctx_cache;
52 static mempool_t *bio_post_read_ctx_pool;
53 
54 /* postprocessing steps for read bios */
55 enum bio_post_read_step {
56 	STEP_INITIAL = 0,
57 	STEP_DECRYPT,
58 	STEP_VERITY,
59 	STEP_MAX,
60 };
61 
62 struct bio_post_read_ctx {
63 	struct bio *bio;
64 	struct work_struct work;
65 	unsigned int cur_step;
66 	unsigned int enabled_steps;
67 };
68 
69 static void __read_end_io(struct bio *bio)
70 {
71 	struct page *page;
72 	struct bio_vec *bv;
73 	struct bvec_iter_all iter_all;
74 
75 	bio_for_each_segment_all(bv, bio, iter_all) {
76 		page = bv->bv_page;
77 
78 		if (bio->bi_status)
79 			ClearPageUptodate(page);
80 		else
81 			SetPageUptodate(page);
82 		unlock_page(page);
83 	}
84 	if (bio->bi_private)
85 		mempool_free(bio->bi_private, bio_post_read_ctx_pool);
86 	bio_put(bio);
87 }
88 
89 static void bio_post_read_processing(struct bio_post_read_ctx *ctx);
90 
91 static void decrypt_work(struct work_struct *work)
92 {
93 	struct bio_post_read_ctx *ctx =
94 		container_of(work, struct bio_post_read_ctx, work);
95 	struct bio *bio = ctx->bio;
96 
97 	if (fscrypt_decrypt_bio(bio))
98 		bio_post_read_processing(ctx);
99 	else
100 		__read_end_io(bio);
101 }
102 
103 static void verity_work(struct work_struct *work)
104 {
105 	struct bio_post_read_ctx *ctx =
106 		container_of(work, struct bio_post_read_ctx, work);
107 	struct bio *bio = ctx->bio;
108 
109 	/*
110 	 * fsverity_verify_bio() may call readahead() again, and although verity
111 	 * will be disabled for that, decryption may still be needed, causing
112 	 * another bio_post_read_ctx to be allocated.  So to guarantee that
113 	 * mempool_alloc() never deadlocks we must free the current ctx first.
114 	 * This is safe because verity is the last post-read step.
115 	 */
116 	BUILD_BUG_ON(STEP_VERITY + 1 != STEP_MAX);
117 	mempool_free(ctx, bio_post_read_ctx_pool);
118 	bio->bi_private = NULL;
119 
120 	fsverity_verify_bio(bio);
121 
122 	__read_end_io(bio);
123 }
124 
125 static void bio_post_read_processing(struct bio_post_read_ctx *ctx)
126 {
127 	/*
128 	 * We use different work queues for decryption and for verity because
129 	 * verity may require reading metadata pages that need decryption, and
130 	 * we shouldn't recurse to the same workqueue.
131 	 */
132 	switch (++ctx->cur_step) {
133 	case STEP_DECRYPT:
134 		if (ctx->enabled_steps & (1 << STEP_DECRYPT)) {
135 			INIT_WORK(&ctx->work, decrypt_work);
136 			fscrypt_enqueue_decrypt_work(&ctx->work);
137 			return;
138 		}
139 		ctx->cur_step++;
140 		fallthrough;
141 	case STEP_VERITY:
142 		if (ctx->enabled_steps & (1 << STEP_VERITY)) {
143 			INIT_WORK(&ctx->work, verity_work);
144 			fsverity_enqueue_verify_work(&ctx->work);
145 			return;
146 		}
147 		ctx->cur_step++;
148 		fallthrough;
149 	default:
150 		__read_end_io(ctx->bio);
151 	}
152 }
153 
154 static bool bio_post_read_required(struct bio *bio)
155 {
156 	return bio->bi_private && !bio->bi_status;
157 }
158 
159 /*
160  * I/O completion handler for multipage BIOs.
161  *
162  * The mpage code never puts partial pages into a BIO (except for end-of-file).
163  * If a page does not map to a contiguous run of blocks then it simply falls
164  * back to block_read_full_folio().
165  *
166  * Why is this?  If a page's completion depends on a number of different BIOs
167  * which can complete in any order (or at the same time) then determining the
168  * status of that page is hard.  See end_buffer_async_read() for the details.
169  * There is no point in duplicating all that complexity.
170  */
171 static void mpage_end_io(struct bio *bio)
172 {
173 	if (bio_post_read_required(bio)) {
174 		struct bio_post_read_ctx *ctx = bio->bi_private;
175 
176 		ctx->cur_step = STEP_INITIAL;
177 		bio_post_read_processing(ctx);
178 		return;
179 	}
180 	__read_end_io(bio);
181 }
182 
183 static inline bool ext4_need_verity(const struct inode *inode, pgoff_t idx)
184 {
185 	return fsverity_active(inode) &&
186 	       idx < DIV_ROUND_UP(inode->i_size, PAGE_SIZE);
187 }
188 
189 static void ext4_set_bio_post_read_ctx(struct bio *bio,
190 				       const struct inode *inode,
191 				       pgoff_t first_idx)
192 {
193 	unsigned int post_read_steps = 0;
194 
195 	if (fscrypt_inode_uses_fs_layer_crypto(inode))
196 		post_read_steps |= 1 << STEP_DECRYPT;
197 
198 	if (ext4_need_verity(inode, first_idx))
199 		post_read_steps |= 1 << STEP_VERITY;
200 
201 	if (post_read_steps) {
202 		/* Due to the mempool, this never fails. */
203 		struct bio_post_read_ctx *ctx =
204 			mempool_alloc(bio_post_read_ctx_pool, GFP_NOFS);
205 
206 		ctx->bio = bio;
207 		ctx->enabled_steps = post_read_steps;
208 		bio->bi_private = ctx;
209 	}
210 }
211 
212 static inline loff_t ext4_readpage_limit(struct inode *inode)
213 {
214 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_FS_VERITY) && IS_VERITY(inode))
215 		return inode->i_sb->s_maxbytes;
216 
217 	return i_size_read(inode);
218 }
219 
220 int ext4_mpage_readpages(struct inode *inode,
221 		struct readahead_control *rac, struct page *page)
222 {
223 	struct bio *bio = NULL;
224 	sector_t last_block_in_bio = 0;
225 
226 	const unsigned blkbits = inode->i_blkbits;
227 	const unsigned blocks_per_page = PAGE_SIZE >> blkbits;
228 	const unsigned blocksize = 1 << blkbits;
229 	sector_t next_block;
230 	sector_t block_in_file;
231 	sector_t last_block;
232 	sector_t last_block_in_file;
233 	sector_t blocks[MAX_BUF_PER_PAGE];
234 	unsigned page_block;
235 	struct block_device *bdev = inode->i_sb->s_bdev;
236 	int length;
237 	unsigned relative_block = 0;
238 	struct ext4_map_blocks map;
239 	unsigned int nr_pages = rac ? readahead_count(rac) : 1;
240 
241 	map.m_pblk = 0;
242 	map.m_lblk = 0;
243 	map.m_len = 0;
244 	map.m_flags = 0;
245 
246 	for (; nr_pages; nr_pages--) {
247 		int fully_mapped = 1;
248 		unsigned first_hole = blocks_per_page;
249 
250 		if (rac) {
251 			page = readahead_page(rac);
252 			prefetchw(&page->flags);
253 		}
254 
255 		if (page_has_buffers(page))
256 			goto confused;
257 
258 		block_in_file = next_block =
259 			(sector_t)page->index << (PAGE_SHIFT - blkbits);
260 		last_block = block_in_file + nr_pages * blocks_per_page;
261 		last_block_in_file = (ext4_readpage_limit(inode) +
262 				      blocksize - 1) >> blkbits;
263 		if (last_block > last_block_in_file)
264 			last_block = last_block_in_file;
265 		page_block = 0;
266 
267 		/*
268 		 * Map blocks using the previous result first.
269 		 */
270 		if ((map.m_flags & EXT4_MAP_MAPPED) &&
271 		    block_in_file > map.m_lblk &&
272 		    block_in_file < (map.m_lblk + map.m_len)) {
273 			unsigned map_offset = block_in_file - map.m_lblk;
274 			unsigned last = map.m_len - map_offset;
275 
276 			for (relative_block = 0; ; relative_block++) {
277 				if (relative_block == last) {
278 					/* needed? */
279 					map.m_flags &= ~EXT4_MAP_MAPPED;
280 					break;
281 				}
282 				if (page_block == blocks_per_page)
283 					break;
284 				blocks[page_block] = map.m_pblk + map_offset +
285 					relative_block;
286 				page_block++;
287 				block_in_file++;
288 			}
289 		}
290 
291 		/*
292 		 * Then do more ext4_map_blocks() calls until we are
293 		 * done with this page.
294 		 */
295 		while (page_block < blocks_per_page) {
296 			if (block_in_file < last_block) {
297 				map.m_lblk = block_in_file;
298 				map.m_len = last_block - block_in_file;
299 
300 				if (ext4_map_blocks(NULL, inode, &map, 0) < 0) {
301 				set_error_page:
302 					SetPageError(page);
303 					zero_user_segment(page, 0,
304 							  PAGE_SIZE);
305 					unlock_page(page);
306 					goto next_page;
307 				}
308 			}
309 			if ((map.m_flags & EXT4_MAP_MAPPED) == 0) {
310 				fully_mapped = 0;
311 				if (first_hole == blocks_per_page)
312 					first_hole = page_block;
313 				page_block++;
314 				block_in_file++;
315 				continue;
316 			}
317 			if (first_hole != blocks_per_page)
318 				goto confused;		/* hole -> non-hole */
319 
320 			/* Contiguous blocks? */
321 			if (page_block && blocks[page_block-1] != map.m_pblk-1)
322 				goto confused;
323 			for (relative_block = 0; ; relative_block++) {
324 				if (relative_block == map.m_len) {
325 					/* needed? */
326 					map.m_flags &= ~EXT4_MAP_MAPPED;
327 					break;
328 				} else if (page_block == blocks_per_page)
329 					break;
330 				blocks[page_block] = map.m_pblk+relative_block;
331 				page_block++;
332 				block_in_file++;
333 			}
334 		}
335 		if (first_hole != blocks_per_page) {
336 			zero_user_segment(page, first_hole << blkbits,
337 					  PAGE_SIZE);
338 			if (first_hole == 0) {
339 				if (ext4_need_verity(inode, page->index) &&
340 				    !fsverity_verify_page(page))
341 					goto set_error_page;
342 				SetPageUptodate(page);
343 				unlock_page(page);
344 				goto next_page;
345 			}
346 		} else if (fully_mapped) {
347 			SetPageMappedToDisk(page);
348 		}
349 
350 		/*
351 		 * This page will go to BIO.  Do we need to send this
352 		 * BIO off first?
353 		 */
354 		if (bio && (last_block_in_bio != blocks[0] - 1 ||
355 			    !fscrypt_mergeable_bio(bio, inode, next_block))) {
356 		submit_and_realloc:
357 			submit_bio(bio);
358 			bio = NULL;
359 		}
360 		if (bio == NULL) {
361 			/*
362 			 * bio_alloc will _always_ be able to allocate a bio if
363 			 * __GFP_DIRECT_RECLAIM is set, see bio_alloc_bioset().
364 			 */
365 			bio = bio_alloc(bdev, bio_max_segs(nr_pages),
366 					REQ_OP_READ, GFP_KERNEL);
367 			fscrypt_set_bio_crypt_ctx(bio, inode, next_block,
368 						  GFP_KERNEL);
369 			ext4_set_bio_post_read_ctx(bio, inode, page->index);
370 			bio->bi_iter.bi_sector = blocks[0] << (blkbits - 9);
371 			bio->bi_end_io = mpage_end_io;
372 			if (rac)
373 				bio->bi_opf |= REQ_RAHEAD;
374 		}
375 
376 		length = first_hole << blkbits;
377 		if (bio_add_page(bio, page, length, 0) < length)
378 			goto submit_and_realloc;
379 
380 		if (((map.m_flags & EXT4_MAP_BOUNDARY) &&
381 		     (relative_block == map.m_len)) ||
382 		    (first_hole != blocks_per_page)) {
383 			submit_bio(bio);
384 			bio = NULL;
385 		} else
386 			last_block_in_bio = blocks[blocks_per_page - 1];
387 		goto next_page;
388 	confused:
389 		if (bio) {
390 			submit_bio(bio);
391 			bio = NULL;
392 		}
393 		if (!PageUptodate(page))
394 			block_read_full_folio(page_folio(page), ext4_get_block);
395 		else
396 			unlock_page(page);
397 	next_page:
398 		if (rac)
399 			put_page(page);
400 	}
401 	if (bio)
402 		submit_bio(bio);
403 	return 0;
404 }
405 
406 int __init ext4_init_post_read_processing(void)
407 {
408 	bio_post_read_ctx_cache = KMEM_CACHE(bio_post_read_ctx, SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT);
409 
410 	if (!bio_post_read_ctx_cache)
411 		goto fail;
412 	bio_post_read_ctx_pool =
413 		mempool_create_slab_pool(NUM_PREALLOC_POST_READ_CTXS,
414 					 bio_post_read_ctx_cache);
415 	if (!bio_post_read_ctx_pool)
416 		goto fail_free_cache;
417 	return 0;
418 
419 fail_free_cache:
420 	kmem_cache_destroy(bio_post_read_ctx_cache);
421 fail:
422 	return -ENOMEM;
423 }
424 
425 void ext4_exit_post_read_processing(void)
426 {
427 	mempool_destroy(bio_post_read_ctx_pool);
428 	kmem_cache_destroy(bio_post_read_ctx_cache);
429 }
430