xref: /linux/fs/ext4/file.c (revision 59e6295fac26b8e85c1ea859cdd89fa1e47519d7)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 /*
3  *  linux/fs/ext4/file.c
4  *
5  * Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995
6  * Remy Card (card@masi.ibp.fr)
7  * Laboratoire MASI - Institut Blaise Pascal
8  * Universite Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris VI)
9  *
10  *  from
11  *
12  *  linux/fs/minix/file.c
13  *
14  *  Copyright (C) 1991, 1992  Linus Torvalds
15  *
16  *  ext4 fs regular file handling primitives
17  *
18  *  64-bit file support on 64-bit platforms by Jakub Jelinek
19  *	(jj@sunsite.ms.mff.cuni.cz)
20  */
21 
22 #include <linux/time.h>
23 #include <linux/fs.h>
24 #include <linux/iomap.h>
25 #include <linux/mount.h>
26 #include <linux/path.h>
27 #include <linux/dax.h>
28 #include <linux/filelock.h>
29 #include <linux/quotaops.h>
30 #include <linux/uio.h>
31 #include <linux/mman.h>
32 #include <linux/backing-dev.h>
33 #include "ext4.h"
34 #include "ext4_jbd2.h"
35 #include "xattr.h"
36 #include "acl.h"
37 #include "truncate.h"
38 
39 /*
40  * Returns %true if the given DIO request should be attempted with DIO, or
41  * %false if it should fall back to buffered I/O.
42  *
43  * DIO isn't well specified; when it's unsupported (either due to the request
44  * being misaligned, or due to the file not supporting DIO at all), filesystems
45  * either fall back to buffered I/O or return EINVAL.  For files that don't use
46  * any special features like encryption or verity, ext4 has traditionally
47  * returned EINVAL for misaligned DIO.  iomap_dio_rw() uses this convention too.
48  * In this case, we should attempt the DIO, *not* fall back to buffered I/O.
49  *
50  * In contrast, in cases where DIO is unsupported due to ext4 features, ext4
51  * traditionally falls back to buffered I/O.
52  *
53  * This function implements the traditional ext4 behavior in all these cases.
54  */
55 static bool ext4_should_use_dio(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *iter)
56 {
57 	struct inode *inode = file_inode(iocb->ki_filp);
58 	u32 dio_align = ext4_dio_alignment(inode);
59 
60 	if (dio_align == 0)
61 		return false;
62 
63 	if (dio_align == 1)
64 		return true;
65 
66 	return IS_ALIGNED(iocb->ki_pos | iov_iter_alignment(iter), dio_align);
67 }
68 
69 static ssize_t ext4_dio_read_iter(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *to)
70 {
71 	ssize_t ret;
72 	struct inode *inode = file_inode(iocb->ki_filp);
73 
74 	if (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_NOWAIT) {
75 		if (!inode_trylock_shared(inode))
76 			return -EAGAIN;
77 	} else {
78 		inode_lock_shared(inode);
79 	}
80 
81 	if (!ext4_should_use_dio(iocb, to)) {
82 		inode_unlock_shared(inode);
83 		/*
84 		 * Fallback to buffered I/O if the operation being performed on
85 		 * the inode is not supported by direct I/O. The IOCB_DIRECT
86 		 * flag needs to be cleared here in order to ensure that the
87 		 * direct I/O path within generic_file_read_iter() is not
88 		 * taken.
89 		 */
90 		iocb->ki_flags &= ~IOCB_DIRECT;
91 		return generic_file_read_iter(iocb, to);
92 	}
93 
94 	ret = iomap_dio_read_simple(iocb, to, ext4_iomap_begin);
95 	if (ret == -ENOTBLK)
96 		ret = iomap_dio_rw(iocb, to, &ext4_iomap_ops, NULL, 0, NULL, 0);
97 	inode_unlock_shared(inode);
98 
99 	file_accessed(iocb->ki_filp);
100 	return ret;
101 }
102 
103 #ifdef CONFIG_FS_DAX
104 static ssize_t ext4_dax_read_iter(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *to)
105 {
106 	struct inode *inode = file_inode(iocb->ki_filp);
107 	ssize_t ret;
108 
109 	if (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_NOWAIT) {
110 		if (!inode_trylock_shared(inode))
111 			return -EAGAIN;
112 	} else {
113 		inode_lock_shared(inode);
114 	}
115 	/*
116 	 * Recheck under inode lock - at this point we are sure it cannot
117 	 * change anymore
118 	 */
119 	if (!IS_DAX(inode)) {
120 		inode_unlock_shared(inode);
121 		/* Fallback to buffered IO in case we cannot support DAX */
122 		return generic_file_read_iter(iocb, to);
123 	}
124 	ret = dax_iomap_rw(iocb, to, &ext4_iomap_ops);
125 	inode_unlock_shared(inode);
126 
127 	file_accessed(iocb->ki_filp);
128 	return ret;
129 }
130 #endif
131 
132 static ssize_t ext4_file_read_iter(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *to)
133 {
134 	struct inode *inode = file_inode(iocb->ki_filp);
135 
136 	if (unlikely(ext4_forced_shutdown(inode->i_sb)))
137 		return -EIO;
138 
139 	if (!iov_iter_count(to))
140 		return 0; /* skip atime */
141 
142 #ifdef CONFIG_FS_DAX
143 	if (IS_DAX(inode))
144 		return ext4_dax_read_iter(iocb, to);
145 #endif
146 	if (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_DIRECT)
147 		return ext4_dio_read_iter(iocb, to);
148 
149 	return generic_file_read_iter(iocb, to);
150 }
151 
152 static ssize_t ext4_file_splice_read(struct file *in, loff_t *ppos,
153 				     struct pipe_inode_info *pipe,
154 				     size_t len, unsigned int flags)
155 {
156 	struct inode *inode = file_inode(in);
157 
158 	if (unlikely(ext4_forced_shutdown(inode->i_sb)))
159 		return -EIO;
160 	return filemap_splice_read(in, ppos, pipe, len, flags);
161 }
162 
163 /*
164  * Called when an inode is released. Note that this is different
165  * from ext4_file_open: open gets called at every open, but release
166  * gets called only when /all/ the files are closed.
167  */
168 static int ext4_release_file(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
169 {
170 	if (ext4_test_inode_state(inode, EXT4_STATE_DA_ALLOC_CLOSE)) {
171 		ext4_alloc_da_blocks(inode);
172 		ext4_clear_inode_state(inode, EXT4_STATE_DA_ALLOC_CLOSE);
173 	}
174 	/* if we are the last writer on the inode, drop the block reservation */
175 	if ((filp->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE) &&
176 			(atomic_read(&inode->i_writecount) == 1) &&
177 			!EXT4_I(inode)->i_reserved_data_blocks) {
178 		down_write(&EXT4_I(inode)->i_data_sem);
179 		ext4_discard_preallocations(inode);
180 		up_write(&EXT4_I(inode)->i_data_sem);
181 	}
182 	if (is_dx(inode) && filp->private_data)
183 		ext4_htree_free_dir_info(filp->private_data);
184 
185 	return 0;
186 }
187 
188 /*
189  * This tests whether the IO in question is block-aligned or not.
190  * Ext4 utilizes unwritten extents when hole-filling during direct IO, and they
191  * are converted to written only after the IO is complete.  Until they are
192  * mapped, these blocks appear as holes, so dio_zero_block() will assume that
193  * it needs to zero out portions of the start and/or end block.  If 2 AIO
194  * threads are at work on the same unwritten block, they must be synchronized
195  * or one thread will zero the other's data, causing corruption.
196  */
197 static bool
198 ext4_unaligned_io(struct inode *inode, struct iov_iter *from, loff_t pos)
199 {
200 	struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
201 	unsigned long blockmask = sb->s_blocksize - 1;
202 
203 	if ((pos | iov_iter_alignment(from)) & blockmask)
204 		return true;
205 
206 	return false;
207 }
208 
209 static bool
210 ext4_extending_io(struct inode *inode, loff_t offset, size_t len)
211 {
212 	if (offset + len > i_size_read(inode) ||
213 	    offset + len > EXT4_I(inode)->i_disksize)
214 		return true;
215 	return false;
216 }
217 
218 /* Is IO overwriting allocated or initialized blocks? */
219 static bool ext4_overwrite_io(struct inode *inode,
220 			      loff_t pos, loff_t len, bool *unwritten)
221 {
222 	struct ext4_map_blocks map;
223 	unsigned int blkbits = inode->i_blkbits;
224 	int err, blklen;
225 
226 	if (pos + len > i_size_read(inode))
227 		return false;
228 
229 	map.m_lblk = pos >> blkbits;
230 	map.m_len = EXT4_MAX_BLOCKS(len, pos, blkbits);
231 	blklen = map.m_len;
232 
233 	err = ext4_map_blocks(NULL, inode, &map, 0);
234 	if (err != blklen)
235 		return false;
236 	/*
237 	 * 'err==len' means that all of the blocks have been preallocated,
238 	 * regardless of whether they have been initialized or not. We need to
239 	 * check m_flags to distinguish the unwritten extents.
240 	 */
241 	*unwritten = !(map.m_flags & EXT4_MAP_MAPPED);
242 	return true;
243 }
244 
245 static ssize_t ext4_generic_write_checks(struct kiocb *iocb,
246 					 struct iov_iter *from)
247 {
248 	struct inode *inode = file_inode(iocb->ki_filp);
249 	ssize_t ret;
250 
251 	if (unlikely(IS_IMMUTABLE(inode)))
252 		return -EPERM;
253 
254 	ret = generic_write_checks(iocb, from);
255 	if (ret <= 0)
256 		return ret;
257 
258 	/*
259 	 * If we have encountered a bitmap-format file, the size limit
260 	 * is smaller than s_maxbytes, which is for extent-mapped files.
261 	 */
262 	if (!(ext4_test_inode_flag(inode, EXT4_INODE_EXTENTS))) {
263 		struct ext4_sb_info *sbi = EXT4_SB(inode->i_sb);
264 
265 		if (iocb->ki_pos >= sbi->s_bitmap_maxbytes)
266 			return -EFBIG;
267 		iov_iter_truncate(from, sbi->s_bitmap_maxbytes - iocb->ki_pos);
268 	}
269 
270 	return iov_iter_count(from);
271 }
272 
273 static ssize_t ext4_write_checks(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *from)
274 {
275 	struct inode *inode = file_inode(iocb->ki_filp);
276 	loff_t old_size = i_size_read(inode);
277 	ssize_t ret, count;
278 
279 	count = ext4_generic_write_checks(iocb, from);
280 	if (count <= 0)
281 		return count;
282 
283 	ret = file_modified(iocb->ki_filp);
284 	if (ret)
285 		return ret;
286 
287 	/*
288 	 * If the position is beyond the EOF, it is necessary to zero out the
289 	 * partial block that beyond the existing EOF, as it may contains
290 	 * stale data written through mmap.
291 	 */
292 	if (iocb->ki_pos > old_size && !ext4_verity_in_progress(inode)) {
293 		if (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_NOWAIT)
294 			return -EAGAIN;
295 
296 		ret = ext4_block_zero_eof(inode, old_size, iocb->ki_pos);
297 		if (ret)
298 			return ret;
299 	}
300 
301 	return count;
302 }
303 
304 static ssize_t ext4_buffered_write_iter(struct kiocb *iocb,
305 					struct iov_iter *from)
306 {
307 	ssize_t ret;
308 	struct inode *inode = file_inode(iocb->ki_filp);
309 
310 	if (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_NOWAIT)
311 		return -EOPNOTSUPP;
312 
313 	inode_lock(inode);
314 	ret = ext4_write_checks(iocb, from);
315 	if (ret <= 0)
316 		goto out;
317 
318 	ret = generic_perform_write(iocb, from);
319 
320 out:
321 	inode_unlock(inode);
322 	if (unlikely(ret <= 0))
323 		return ret;
324 	return generic_write_sync(iocb, ret);
325 }
326 
327 static ssize_t ext4_handle_inode_extension(struct inode *inode, loff_t offset,
328 					   ssize_t written, ssize_t count)
329 {
330 	handle_t *handle;
331 
332 	lockdep_assert_held_write(&inode->i_rwsem);
333 	handle = ext4_journal_start(inode, EXT4_HT_INODE, 2);
334 	if (IS_ERR(handle))
335 		return PTR_ERR(handle);
336 
337 	if (ext4_update_inode_size(inode, offset + written)) {
338 		int ret = ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle, inode);
339 		if (unlikely(ret)) {
340 			ext4_journal_stop(handle);
341 			return ret;
342 		}
343 	}
344 
345 	if ((written == count) && inode->i_nlink)
346 		ext4_orphan_del(handle, inode);
347 	ext4_journal_stop(handle);
348 
349 	return written;
350 }
351 
352 /*
353  * Clean up the inode after DIO or DAX extending write has completed and the
354  * inode size has been updated using ext4_handle_inode_extension().
355  */
356 static void ext4_inode_extension_cleanup(struct inode *inode, bool need_trunc)
357 {
358 	lockdep_assert_held_write(&inode->i_rwsem);
359 	if (need_trunc) {
360 		ext4_truncate_failed_write(inode);
361 		/*
362 		 * If the truncate operation failed early, then the inode may
363 		 * still be on the orphan list. In that case, we need to try
364 		 * remove the inode from the in-memory linked list.
365 		 */
366 		if (inode->i_nlink)
367 			ext4_orphan_del(NULL, inode);
368 		return;
369 	}
370 	/*
371 	 * If i_disksize got extended either due to writeback of delalloc
372 	 * blocks or extending truncate while the DIO was running we could fail
373 	 * to cleanup the orphan list in ext4_handle_inode_extension(). Do it
374 	 * now.
375 	 */
376 	if (ext4_inode_orphan_tracked(inode) && inode->i_nlink) {
377 		handle_t *handle = ext4_journal_start(inode, EXT4_HT_INODE, 2);
378 
379 		if (IS_ERR(handle)) {
380 			/*
381 			 * The write has successfully completed. Not much to
382 			 * do with the error here so just cleanup the orphan
383 			 * list and hope for the best.
384 			 */
385 			ext4_orphan_del(NULL, inode);
386 			return;
387 		}
388 		ext4_orphan_del(handle, inode);
389 		ext4_journal_stop(handle);
390 	}
391 }
392 
393 static int ext4_dio_write_end_io(struct kiocb *iocb, ssize_t size,
394 				 int error, unsigned int flags)
395 {
396 	loff_t pos = iocb->ki_pos;
397 	struct inode *inode = file_inode(iocb->ki_filp);
398 
399 
400 	if (!error && size && (flags & IOMAP_DIO_UNWRITTEN) &&
401 			(iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_ATOMIC))
402 		error = ext4_convert_unwritten_extents_atomic(NULL, inode, pos,
403 							      size);
404 	else if (!error && size && flags & IOMAP_DIO_UNWRITTEN)
405 		error = ext4_convert_unwritten_extents(NULL, inode, pos, size);
406 	if (error)
407 		return error;
408 	/*
409 	 * Note that EXT4_I(inode)->i_disksize can get extended up to
410 	 * inode->i_size while the I/O was running due to writeback of delalloc
411 	 * blocks. But the code in ext4_iomap_alloc() is careful to use
412 	 * zeroed/unwritten extents if this is possible; thus we won't leave
413 	 * uninitialized blocks in a file even if we didn't succeed in writing
414 	 * as much as we intended. Also we can race with truncate or write
415 	 * expanding the file so we have to be a bit careful here.
416 	 */
417 	if (pos + size <= READ_ONCE(EXT4_I(inode)->i_disksize) &&
418 	    pos + size <= i_size_read(inode))
419 		return 0;
420 	error = ext4_handle_inode_extension(inode, pos, size, size);
421 	return error < 0 ? error : 0;
422 }
423 
424 static const struct iomap_dio_ops ext4_dio_write_ops = {
425 	.end_io = ext4_dio_write_end_io,
426 };
427 
428 /*
429  * The intention here is to start with shared lock acquired then see if any
430  * condition requires an exclusive inode lock. If yes, then we restart the
431  * whole operation by releasing the shared lock and acquiring exclusive lock.
432  *
433  * - For unaligned_io we never take shared lock as it may cause data corruption
434  *   when two unaligned IO tries to modify the same block e.g. while zeroing.
435  *
436  * - For extending writes case we don't take the shared lock, since it requires
437  *   updating inode i_disksize and/or orphan handling with exclusive lock.
438  *
439  * - shared locking will only be true mostly with overwrites, including
440  *   initialized blocks and unwritten blocks.
441  *
442  * - Otherwise we will switch to exclusive i_rwsem lock.
443  */
444 static ssize_t ext4_dio_write_checks(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *from,
445 				     bool *ilock_shared, bool *extend,
446 				     int *dio_flags)
447 {
448 	struct file *file = iocb->ki_filp;
449 	struct inode *inode = file_inode(file);
450 	loff_t offset;
451 	size_t count;
452 	ssize_t ret;
453 	bool overwrite, unaligned_io, unwritten;
454 
455 restart:
456 	ret = ext4_generic_write_checks(iocb, from);
457 	if (ret <= 0)
458 		goto out;
459 
460 	offset = iocb->ki_pos;
461 	count = ret;
462 
463 	unaligned_io = ext4_unaligned_io(inode, from, offset);
464 	*extend = ext4_extending_io(inode, offset, count);
465 	overwrite = ext4_overwrite_io(inode, offset, count, &unwritten);
466 
467 	/*
468 	 * Determine whether we need to upgrade to an exclusive lock. This is
469 	 * required to change security info in file_modified(), for extending
470 	 * I/O, any form of non-overwrite I/O, and unaligned I/O to unwritten
471 	 * extents (as partial block zeroing may be required).
472 	 *
473 	 * Note that unaligned writes are allowed under shared lock so long as
474 	 * they are pure overwrites. Otherwise, concurrent unaligned writes risk
475 	 * data corruption due to partial block zeroing in the dio layer, and so
476 	 * the I/O must occur exclusively.
477 	 */
478 	if (*ilock_shared &&
479 	    ((!IS_NOSEC(inode) || *extend || !overwrite ||
480 	     (unaligned_io && unwritten)))) {
481 		if (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_NOWAIT) {
482 			ret = -EAGAIN;
483 			goto out;
484 		}
485 		inode_unlock_shared(inode);
486 		*ilock_shared = false;
487 		inode_lock(inode);
488 		goto restart;
489 	}
490 
491 	/*
492 	 * Now that locking is settled, determine dio flags and exclusivity
493 	 * requirements. We don't use DIO_OVERWRITE_ONLY because we enforce
494 	 * behavior already. The inode lock is already held exclusive if the
495 	 * write is non-overwrite or extending, so drain all outstanding dio and
496 	 * set the force wait dio flag.
497 	 */
498 	if (!*ilock_shared && (unaligned_io || *extend)) {
499 		if (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_NOWAIT) {
500 			ret = -EAGAIN;
501 			goto out;
502 		}
503 		if (unaligned_io && (!overwrite || unwritten))
504 			inode_dio_wait(inode);
505 		*dio_flags = IOMAP_DIO_FORCE_WAIT;
506 	}
507 
508 	ret = file_modified(file);
509 	if (ret < 0)
510 		goto out;
511 
512 	return count;
513 out:
514 	if (*ilock_shared)
515 		inode_unlock_shared(inode);
516 	else
517 		inode_unlock(inode);
518 	return ret;
519 }
520 
521 static ssize_t ext4_dio_write_iter(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *from)
522 {
523 	ssize_t ret;
524 	handle_t *handle;
525 	struct inode *inode = file_inode(iocb->ki_filp);
526 	loff_t offset = iocb->ki_pos;
527 	size_t count = iov_iter_count(from);
528 	bool extend = false;
529 	bool ilock_shared = true;
530 	int dio_flags = 0;
531 
532 	/*
533 	 * Quick check here without any i_rwsem lock to see if it is extending
534 	 * IO. A more reliable check is done in ext4_dio_write_checks() with
535 	 * proper locking in place.
536 	 */
537 	if (offset + count > i_size_read(inode))
538 		ilock_shared = false;
539 
540 	if (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_NOWAIT) {
541 		if (ilock_shared) {
542 			if (!inode_trylock_shared(inode))
543 				return -EAGAIN;
544 		} else {
545 			if (!inode_trylock(inode))
546 				return -EAGAIN;
547 		}
548 	} else {
549 		if (ilock_shared)
550 			inode_lock_shared(inode);
551 		else
552 			inode_lock(inode);
553 	}
554 
555 	/* Fallback to buffered I/O if the inode does not support direct I/O. */
556 	if (!ext4_should_use_dio(iocb, from)) {
557 		if (ilock_shared)
558 			inode_unlock_shared(inode);
559 		else
560 			inode_unlock(inode);
561 		return ext4_buffered_write_iter(iocb, from);
562 	}
563 
564 	/*
565 	 * Prevent inline data from being created since we are going to allocate
566 	 * blocks for DIO. We know the inode does not currently have inline data
567 	 * because ext4_should_use_dio() checked for it, but we have to clear
568 	 * the state flag before the write checks because a lock cycle could
569 	 * introduce races with other writers.
570 	 */
571 	ext4_clear_inode_state(inode, EXT4_STATE_MAY_INLINE_DATA);
572 
573 	ret = ext4_dio_write_checks(iocb, from, &ilock_shared, &extend,
574 				    &dio_flags);
575 	if (ret <= 0)
576 		return ret;
577 
578 	offset = iocb->ki_pos;
579 	count = ret;
580 
581 	if (extend) {
582 		handle = ext4_journal_start(inode, EXT4_HT_INODE, 2);
583 		if (IS_ERR(handle)) {
584 			ret = PTR_ERR(handle);
585 			goto out;
586 		}
587 
588 		ret = ext4_orphan_add(handle, inode);
589 		ext4_journal_stop(handle);
590 		if (ret)
591 			goto out;
592 	}
593 
594 	ret = iomap_dio_rw(iocb, from, &ext4_iomap_ops, &ext4_dio_write_ops,
595 			   dio_flags, NULL, 0);
596 	if (ret == -ENOTBLK)
597 		ret = 0;
598 	if (extend) {
599 		/*
600 		 * We always perform extending DIO write synchronously so by
601 		 * now the IO is completed and ext4_handle_inode_extension()
602 		 * was called. Cleanup the inode in case of error or race with
603 		 * writeback of delalloc blocks.
604 		 */
605 		WARN_ON_ONCE(ret == -EIOCBQUEUED);
606 		ext4_inode_extension_cleanup(inode, ret < 0);
607 	}
608 
609 out:
610 	if (ilock_shared)
611 		inode_unlock_shared(inode);
612 	else
613 		inode_unlock(inode);
614 
615 	if (ret >= 0 && iov_iter_count(from)) {
616 		ssize_t err;
617 		loff_t endbyte;
618 
619 		/*
620 		 * There is no support for atomic writes on buffered-io yet,
621 		 * we should never fallback to buffered-io for DIO atomic
622 		 * writes.
623 		 */
624 		WARN_ON_ONCE(iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_ATOMIC);
625 
626 		offset = iocb->ki_pos;
627 		err = ext4_buffered_write_iter(iocb, from);
628 		if (err < 0)
629 			return err;
630 
631 		/*
632 		 * We need to ensure that the pages within the page cache for
633 		 * the range covered by this I/O are written to disk and
634 		 * invalidated. This is in attempt to preserve the expected
635 		 * direct I/O semantics in the case we fallback to buffered I/O
636 		 * to complete off the I/O request.
637 		 */
638 		ret += err;
639 		endbyte = offset + err - 1;
640 		err = filemap_write_and_wait_range(iocb->ki_filp->f_mapping,
641 						   offset, endbyte);
642 		if (!err)
643 			invalidate_mapping_pages(iocb->ki_filp->f_mapping,
644 						 offset >> PAGE_SHIFT,
645 						 endbyte >> PAGE_SHIFT);
646 	}
647 
648 	return ret;
649 }
650 
651 #ifdef CONFIG_FS_DAX
652 static ssize_t
653 ext4_dax_write_iter(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *from)
654 {
655 	ssize_t ret;
656 	size_t count;
657 	loff_t offset;
658 	handle_t *handle;
659 	bool extend = false;
660 	struct inode *inode = file_inode(iocb->ki_filp);
661 
662 	if (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_NOWAIT) {
663 		if (!inode_trylock(inode))
664 			return -EAGAIN;
665 	} else {
666 		inode_lock(inode);
667 	}
668 
669 	ret = ext4_write_checks(iocb, from);
670 	if (ret <= 0)
671 		goto out;
672 
673 	offset = iocb->ki_pos;
674 	count = iov_iter_count(from);
675 
676 	if (offset + count > EXT4_I(inode)->i_disksize) {
677 		handle = ext4_journal_start(inode, EXT4_HT_INODE, 2);
678 		if (IS_ERR(handle)) {
679 			ret = PTR_ERR(handle);
680 			goto out;
681 		}
682 
683 		ret = ext4_orphan_add(handle, inode);
684 		if (ret) {
685 			ext4_journal_stop(handle);
686 			goto out;
687 		}
688 
689 		extend = true;
690 		ext4_journal_stop(handle);
691 	}
692 
693 	ret = dax_iomap_rw(iocb, from, &ext4_iomap_ops);
694 
695 	if (extend) {
696 		ret = ext4_handle_inode_extension(inode, offset, ret, count);
697 		ext4_inode_extension_cleanup(inode, ret < (ssize_t)count);
698 	}
699 out:
700 	inode_unlock(inode);
701 	if (ret > 0)
702 		ret = generic_write_sync(iocb, ret);
703 	return ret;
704 }
705 #endif
706 
707 static ssize_t
708 ext4_file_write_iter(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *from)
709 {
710 	int ret;
711 	struct inode *inode = file_inode(iocb->ki_filp);
712 
713 	ret = ext4_emergency_state(inode->i_sb);
714 	if (unlikely(ret))
715 		return ret;
716 
717 #ifdef CONFIG_FS_DAX
718 	if (IS_DAX(inode))
719 		return ext4_dax_write_iter(iocb, from);
720 #endif
721 
722 	if (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_ATOMIC) {
723 		size_t len = iov_iter_count(from);
724 
725 		if (len < EXT4_SB(inode->i_sb)->s_awu_min ||
726 		    len > EXT4_SB(inode->i_sb)->s_awu_max)
727 			return -EINVAL;
728 
729 		ret = generic_atomic_write_valid(iocb, from);
730 		if (ret)
731 			return ret;
732 	}
733 
734 	if (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_DIRECT)
735 		return ext4_dio_write_iter(iocb, from);
736 	else
737 		return ext4_buffered_write_iter(iocb, from);
738 }
739 
740 #ifdef CONFIG_FS_DAX
741 static vm_fault_t ext4_dax_huge_fault(struct vm_fault *vmf, unsigned int order)
742 {
743 	int error = 0;
744 	vm_fault_t result;
745 	int retries = 0;
746 	handle_t *handle = NULL;
747 	struct inode *inode = file_inode(vmf->vma->vm_file);
748 	struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
749 
750 	/*
751 	 * We have to distinguish real writes from writes which will result in a
752 	 * COW page; COW writes should *not* poke the journal (the file will not
753 	 * be changed). Doing so would cause unintended failures when mounted
754 	 * read-only.
755 	 *
756 	 * We check for VM_SHARED rather than vmf->cow_page since the latter is
757 	 * unset for order != 0 (i.e. only in do_cow_fault); for
758 	 * other sizes, dax_iomap_fault will handle splitting / fallback so that
759 	 * we eventually come back with a COW page.
760 	 */
761 	bool write = (vmf->flags & FAULT_FLAG_WRITE) &&
762 		(vmf->vma->vm_flags & VM_SHARED);
763 	struct address_space *mapping = vmf->vma->vm_file->f_mapping;
764 	unsigned long pfn;
765 
766 	if (write) {
767 		sb_start_pagefault(sb);
768 		file_update_time(vmf->vma->vm_file);
769 		filemap_invalidate_lock_shared(mapping);
770 retry:
771 		handle = ext4_journal_start_sb(sb, EXT4_HT_WRITE_PAGE,
772 					       EXT4_DATA_TRANS_BLOCKS(sb));
773 		if (IS_ERR(handle)) {
774 			filemap_invalidate_unlock_shared(mapping);
775 			sb_end_pagefault(sb);
776 			return VM_FAULT_SIGBUS;
777 		}
778 	} else {
779 		filemap_invalidate_lock_shared(mapping);
780 	}
781 	result = dax_iomap_fault(vmf, order, &pfn, &error, &ext4_iomap_ops);
782 	if (write) {
783 		ext4_journal_stop(handle);
784 
785 		if ((result & VM_FAULT_ERROR) && error == -ENOSPC &&
786 		    ext4_should_retry_alloc(sb, &retries))
787 			goto retry;
788 		/* Handling synchronous page fault? */
789 		if (result & VM_FAULT_NEEDDSYNC)
790 			result = dax_finish_sync_fault(vmf, order, pfn);
791 		filemap_invalidate_unlock_shared(mapping);
792 		sb_end_pagefault(sb);
793 	} else {
794 		filemap_invalidate_unlock_shared(mapping);
795 	}
796 
797 	return result;
798 }
799 
800 static vm_fault_t ext4_dax_fault(struct vm_fault *vmf)
801 {
802 	return ext4_dax_huge_fault(vmf, 0);
803 }
804 
805 static const struct vm_operations_struct ext4_dax_vm_ops = {
806 	.fault		= ext4_dax_fault,
807 	.huge_fault	= ext4_dax_huge_fault,
808 	.page_mkwrite	= ext4_dax_fault,
809 	.pfn_mkwrite	= ext4_dax_fault,
810 };
811 #else
812 #define ext4_dax_vm_ops	ext4_file_vm_ops
813 #endif
814 
815 static const struct vm_operations_struct ext4_file_vm_ops = {
816 	.fault		= filemap_fault,
817 	.map_pages	= filemap_map_pages,
818 	.page_mkwrite   = ext4_page_mkwrite,
819 };
820 
821 static int ext4_file_mmap_prepare(struct vm_area_desc *desc)
822 {
823 	int ret;
824 	struct file *file = desc->file;
825 	struct inode *inode = file->f_mapping->host;
826 	struct dax_device *dax_dev = EXT4_SB(inode->i_sb)->s_daxdev;
827 
828 	if (file->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE)
829 		ret = ext4_emergency_state(inode->i_sb);
830 	else
831 		ret = ext4_forced_shutdown(inode->i_sb) ? -EIO : 0;
832 	if (unlikely(ret))
833 		return ret;
834 
835 	/*
836 	 * We don't support synchronous mappings for non-DAX files and
837 	 * for DAX files if underneath dax_device is not synchronous.
838 	 */
839 	if (!daxdev_mapping_supported(desc, file_inode(file), dax_dev))
840 		return -EOPNOTSUPP;
841 
842 	file_accessed(file);
843 	if (IS_DAX(file_inode(file))) {
844 		desc->vm_ops = &ext4_dax_vm_ops;
845 		vma_desc_set_flags(desc, VMA_HUGEPAGE_BIT);
846 	} else {
847 		desc->vm_ops = &ext4_file_vm_ops;
848 	}
849 	return 0;
850 }
851 
852 static int ext4_sample_last_mounted(struct super_block *sb,
853 				    struct vfsmount *mnt)
854 {
855 	struct ext4_sb_info *sbi = EXT4_SB(sb);
856 	struct path path;
857 	char buf[64], *cp;
858 	handle_t *handle;
859 	int err;
860 
861 	if (likely(ext4_test_mount_flag(sb, EXT4_MF_MNTDIR_SAMPLED)))
862 		return 0;
863 
864 	if (ext4_emergency_state(sb) || sb_rdonly(sb) ||
865 	    !sb_start_intwrite_trylock(sb))
866 		return 0;
867 
868 	ext4_set_mount_flag(sb, EXT4_MF_MNTDIR_SAMPLED);
869 	/*
870 	 * Sample where the filesystem has been mounted and
871 	 * store it in the superblock for sysadmin convenience
872 	 * when trying to sort through large numbers of block
873 	 * devices or filesystem images.
874 	 */
875 	path.mnt = mnt;
876 	path.dentry = mnt->mnt_root;
877 	cp = d_path(&path, buf, sizeof(buf));
878 	err = 0;
879 	if (IS_ERR(cp))
880 		goto out;
881 
882 	handle = ext4_journal_start_sb(sb, EXT4_HT_MISC, 1);
883 	err = PTR_ERR(handle);
884 	if (IS_ERR(handle))
885 		goto out;
886 	BUFFER_TRACE(sbi->s_sbh, "get_write_access");
887 	err = ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle, sb, sbi->s_sbh,
888 					    EXT4_JTR_NONE);
889 	if (err)
890 		goto out_journal;
891 	lock_buffer(sbi->s_sbh);
892 	strtomem_pad(sbi->s_es->s_last_mounted, cp, 0);
893 	ext4_superblock_csum_set(sb);
894 	unlock_buffer(sbi->s_sbh);
895 	ext4_handle_dirty_metadata(handle, NULL, sbi->s_sbh);
896 out_journal:
897 	ext4_journal_stop(handle);
898 out:
899 	sb_end_intwrite(sb);
900 	return err;
901 }
902 
903 static int ext4_file_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
904 {
905 	int ret;
906 
907 	if (filp->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE)
908 		ret = ext4_emergency_state(inode->i_sb);
909 	else
910 		ret = ext4_forced_shutdown(inode->i_sb) ? -EIO : 0;
911 	if (unlikely(ret))
912 		return ret;
913 
914 	ret = ext4_sample_last_mounted(inode->i_sb, filp->f_path.mnt);
915 	if (ret)
916 		return ret;
917 
918 	ret = fscrypt_file_open(inode, filp);
919 	if (ret)
920 		return ret;
921 
922 	ret = fsverity_file_open(inode, filp);
923 	if (ret)
924 		return ret;
925 
926 	/*
927 	 * Set up the jbd2_inode if we are opening the inode for
928 	 * writing and the journal is present
929 	 */
930 	if (filp->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE) {
931 		ret = ext4_inode_attach_jinode(inode);
932 		if (ret < 0)
933 			return ret;
934 	}
935 
936 	if (ext4_inode_can_atomic_write(inode))
937 		filp->f_mode |= FMODE_CAN_ATOMIC_WRITE;
938 
939 	filp->f_mode |= FMODE_NOWAIT | FMODE_CAN_ODIRECT;
940 	return dquot_file_open(inode, filp);
941 }
942 
943 /*
944  * ext4_llseek() handles both block-mapped and extent-mapped maxbytes values
945  * by calling generic_file_llseek_size() with the appropriate maxbytes
946  * value for each.
947  */
948 loff_t ext4_llseek(struct file *file, loff_t offset, int whence)
949 {
950 	struct inode *inode = file->f_mapping->host;
951 	loff_t maxbytes = ext4_get_maxbytes(inode);
952 
953 	switch (whence) {
954 	default:
955 		return generic_file_llseek_size(file, offset, whence,
956 						maxbytes, i_size_read(inode));
957 	case SEEK_HOLE:
958 		inode_lock_shared(inode);
959 		offset = iomap_seek_hole(inode, offset,
960 					 &ext4_iomap_report_ops);
961 		inode_unlock_shared(inode);
962 		break;
963 	case SEEK_DATA:
964 		inode_lock_shared(inode);
965 		offset = iomap_seek_data(inode, offset,
966 					 &ext4_iomap_report_ops);
967 		inode_unlock_shared(inode);
968 		break;
969 	}
970 
971 	if (offset < 0)
972 		return offset;
973 	return vfs_setpos(file, offset, maxbytes);
974 }
975 
976 const struct file_operations ext4_file_operations = {
977 	.llseek		= ext4_llseek,
978 	.read_iter	= ext4_file_read_iter,
979 	.write_iter	= ext4_file_write_iter,
980 	.iopoll		= iocb_bio_iopoll,
981 	.unlocked_ioctl = ext4_ioctl,
982 #ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
983 	.compat_ioctl	= ext4_compat_ioctl,
984 #endif
985 	.mmap_prepare	= ext4_file_mmap_prepare,
986 	.open		= ext4_file_open,
987 	.release	= ext4_release_file,
988 	.fsync		= ext4_sync_file,
989 	.get_unmapped_area = thp_get_unmapped_area,
990 	.splice_read	= ext4_file_splice_read,
991 	.splice_write	= iter_file_splice_write,
992 	.fallocate	= ext4_fallocate,
993 	.fop_flags	= FOP_MMAP_SYNC | FOP_BUFFER_RASYNC |
994 			  FOP_DIO_PARALLEL_WRITE |
995 			  FOP_DONTCACHE,
996 	.setlease	= generic_setlease,
997 };
998 
999 const struct inode_operations ext4_file_inode_operations = {
1000 	.setattr	= ext4_setattr,
1001 	.getattr	= ext4_file_getattr,
1002 	.listxattr	= ext4_listxattr,
1003 	.get_inode_acl	= ext4_get_acl,
1004 	.set_acl	= ext4_set_acl,
1005 	.fiemap		= ext4_fiemap,
1006 	.fileattr_get	= ext4_fileattr_get,
1007 	.fileattr_set	= ext4_fileattr_set,
1008 };
1009 
1010