xref: /linux/fs/ext4/dir.c (revision c5aec4c76af1a2d89ee2f2d4d5463b2ad2d85de5)
1 /*
2  *  linux/fs/ext4/dir.c
3  *
4  * Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995
5  * Remy Card (card@masi.ibp.fr)
6  * Laboratoire MASI - Institut Blaise Pascal
7  * Universite Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris VI)
8  *
9  *  from
10  *
11  *  linux/fs/minix/dir.c
12  *
13  *  Copyright (C) 1991, 1992  Linus Torvalds
14  *
15  *  ext4 directory handling functions
16  *
17  *  Big-endian to little-endian byte-swapping/bitmaps by
18  *        David S. Miller (davem@caip.rutgers.edu), 1995
19  *
20  * Hash Tree Directory indexing (c) 2001  Daniel Phillips
21  *
22  */
23 
24 #include <linux/fs.h>
25 #include <linux/jbd2.h>
26 #include <linux/buffer_head.h>
27 #include <linux/slab.h>
28 #include <linux/rbtree.h>
29 #include "ext4.h"
30 #include "xattr.h"
31 
32 static int ext4_dx_readdir(struct file *, struct dir_context *);
33 
34 /**
35  * Check if the given dir-inode refers to an htree-indexed directory
36  * (or a directory which could potentially get converted to use htree
37  * indexing).
38  *
39  * Return 1 if it is a dx dir, 0 if not
40  */
41 static int is_dx_dir(struct inode *inode)
42 {
43 	struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
44 
45 	if (EXT4_HAS_COMPAT_FEATURE(inode->i_sb,
46 		     EXT4_FEATURE_COMPAT_DIR_INDEX) &&
47 	    ((ext4_test_inode_flag(inode, EXT4_INODE_INDEX)) ||
48 	     ((inode->i_size >> sb->s_blocksize_bits) == 1) ||
49 	     ext4_has_inline_data(inode)))
50 		return 1;
51 
52 	return 0;
53 }
54 
55 /*
56  * Return 0 if the directory entry is OK, and 1 if there is a problem
57  *
58  * Note: this is the opposite of what ext2 and ext3 historically returned...
59  *
60  * bh passed here can be an inode block or a dir data block, depending
61  * on the inode inline data flag.
62  */
63 int __ext4_check_dir_entry(const char *function, unsigned int line,
64 			   struct inode *dir, struct file *filp,
65 			   struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *de,
66 			   struct buffer_head *bh, char *buf, int size,
67 			   unsigned int offset)
68 {
69 	const char *error_msg = NULL;
70 	const int rlen = ext4_rec_len_from_disk(de->rec_len,
71 						dir->i_sb->s_blocksize);
72 
73 	if (unlikely(rlen < EXT4_DIR_REC_LEN(1)))
74 		error_msg = "rec_len is smaller than minimal";
75 	else if (unlikely(rlen % 4 != 0))
76 		error_msg = "rec_len % 4 != 0";
77 	else if (unlikely(rlen < EXT4_DIR_REC_LEN(de->name_len)))
78 		error_msg = "rec_len is too small for name_len";
79 	else if (unlikely(((char *) de - buf) + rlen > size))
80 		error_msg = "directory entry across range";
81 	else if (unlikely(le32_to_cpu(de->inode) >
82 			le32_to_cpu(EXT4_SB(dir->i_sb)->s_es->s_inodes_count)))
83 		error_msg = "inode out of bounds";
84 	else
85 		return 0;
86 
87 	if (filp)
88 		ext4_error_file(filp, function, line, bh->b_blocknr,
89 				"bad entry in directory: %s - offset=%u(%u), "
90 				"inode=%u, rec_len=%d, name_len=%d",
91 				error_msg, (unsigned) (offset % size),
92 				offset, le32_to_cpu(de->inode),
93 				rlen, de->name_len);
94 	else
95 		ext4_error_inode(dir, function, line, bh->b_blocknr,
96 				"bad entry in directory: %s - offset=%u(%u), "
97 				"inode=%u, rec_len=%d, name_len=%d",
98 				error_msg, (unsigned) (offset % size),
99 				offset, le32_to_cpu(de->inode),
100 				rlen, de->name_len);
101 
102 	return 1;
103 }
104 
105 static int ext4_readdir(struct file *file, struct dir_context *ctx)
106 {
107 	unsigned int offset;
108 	int i;
109 	struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *de;
110 	int err;
111 	struct inode *inode = file_inode(file);
112 	struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
113 	int dir_has_error = 0;
114 
115 	if (is_dx_dir(inode)) {
116 		err = ext4_dx_readdir(file, ctx);
117 		if (err != ERR_BAD_DX_DIR) {
118 			return err;
119 		}
120 		/*
121 		 * We don't set the inode dirty flag since it's not
122 		 * critical that it get flushed back to the disk.
123 		 */
124 		ext4_clear_inode_flag(file_inode(file),
125 				      EXT4_INODE_INDEX);
126 	}
127 
128 	if (ext4_has_inline_data(inode)) {
129 		int has_inline_data = 1;
130 		int ret = ext4_read_inline_dir(file, ctx,
131 					   &has_inline_data);
132 		if (has_inline_data)
133 			return ret;
134 	}
135 
136 	offset = ctx->pos & (sb->s_blocksize - 1);
137 
138 	while (ctx->pos < inode->i_size) {
139 		struct ext4_map_blocks map;
140 		struct buffer_head *bh = NULL;
141 
142 		map.m_lblk = ctx->pos >> EXT4_BLOCK_SIZE_BITS(sb);
143 		map.m_len = 1;
144 		err = ext4_map_blocks(NULL, inode, &map, 0);
145 		if (err > 0) {
146 			pgoff_t index = map.m_pblk >>
147 					(PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT - inode->i_blkbits);
148 			if (!ra_has_index(&file->f_ra, index))
149 				page_cache_sync_readahead(
150 					sb->s_bdev->bd_inode->i_mapping,
151 					&file->f_ra, file,
152 					index, 1);
153 			file->f_ra.prev_pos = (loff_t)index << PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT;
154 			bh = ext4_bread(NULL, inode, map.m_lblk, 0, &err);
155 		}
156 
157 		/*
158 		 * We ignore I/O errors on directories so users have a chance
159 		 * of recovering data when there's a bad sector
160 		 */
161 		if (!bh) {
162 			if (!dir_has_error) {
163 				EXT4_ERROR_FILE(file, 0,
164 						"directory contains a "
165 						"hole at offset %llu",
166 					   (unsigned long long) ctx->pos);
167 				dir_has_error = 1;
168 			}
169 			/* corrupt size?  Maybe no more blocks to read */
170 			if (ctx->pos > inode->i_blocks << 9)
171 				break;
172 			ctx->pos += sb->s_blocksize - offset;
173 			continue;
174 		}
175 
176 		/* Check the checksum */
177 		if (!buffer_verified(bh) &&
178 		    !ext4_dirent_csum_verify(inode,
179 				(struct ext4_dir_entry *)bh->b_data)) {
180 			EXT4_ERROR_FILE(file, 0, "directory fails checksum "
181 					"at offset %llu",
182 					(unsigned long long)ctx->pos);
183 			ctx->pos += sb->s_blocksize - offset;
184 			brelse(bh);
185 			continue;
186 		}
187 		set_buffer_verified(bh);
188 
189 		/* If the dir block has changed since the last call to
190 		 * readdir(2), then we might be pointing to an invalid
191 		 * dirent right now.  Scan from the start of the block
192 		 * to make sure. */
193 		if (file->f_version != inode->i_version) {
194 			for (i = 0; i < sb->s_blocksize && i < offset; ) {
195 				de = (struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *)
196 					(bh->b_data + i);
197 				/* It's too expensive to do a full
198 				 * dirent test each time round this
199 				 * loop, but we do have to test at
200 				 * least that it is non-zero.  A
201 				 * failure will be detected in the
202 				 * dirent test below. */
203 				if (ext4_rec_len_from_disk(de->rec_len,
204 					sb->s_blocksize) < EXT4_DIR_REC_LEN(1))
205 					break;
206 				i += ext4_rec_len_from_disk(de->rec_len,
207 							    sb->s_blocksize);
208 			}
209 			offset = i;
210 			ctx->pos = (ctx->pos & ~(sb->s_blocksize - 1))
211 				| offset;
212 			file->f_version = inode->i_version;
213 		}
214 
215 		while (ctx->pos < inode->i_size
216 		       && offset < sb->s_blocksize) {
217 			de = (struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *) (bh->b_data + offset);
218 			if (ext4_check_dir_entry(inode, file, de, bh,
219 						 bh->b_data, bh->b_size,
220 						 offset)) {
221 				/*
222 				 * On error, skip to the next block
223 				 */
224 				ctx->pos = (ctx->pos |
225 						(sb->s_blocksize - 1)) + 1;
226 				break;
227 			}
228 			offset += ext4_rec_len_from_disk(de->rec_len,
229 					sb->s_blocksize);
230 			if (le32_to_cpu(de->inode)) {
231 				if (!dir_emit(ctx, de->name,
232 						de->name_len,
233 						le32_to_cpu(de->inode),
234 						get_dtype(sb, de->file_type))) {
235 					brelse(bh);
236 					return 0;
237 				}
238 			}
239 			ctx->pos += ext4_rec_len_from_disk(de->rec_len,
240 						sb->s_blocksize);
241 		}
242 		offset = 0;
243 		brelse(bh);
244 		if (ctx->pos < inode->i_size) {
245 			if (!dir_relax(inode))
246 				return 0;
247 		}
248 	}
249 	return 0;
250 }
251 
252 static inline int is_32bit_api(void)
253 {
254 #ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
255 	return is_compat_task();
256 #else
257 	return (BITS_PER_LONG == 32);
258 #endif
259 }
260 
261 /*
262  * These functions convert from the major/minor hash to an f_pos
263  * value for dx directories
264  *
265  * Upper layer (for example NFS) should specify FMODE_32BITHASH or
266  * FMODE_64BITHASH explicitly. On the other hand, we allow ext4 to be mounted
267  * directly on both 32-bit and 64-bit nodes, under such case, neither
268  * FMODE_32BITHASH nor FMODE_64BITHASH is specified.
269  */
270 static inline loff_t hash2pos(struct file *filp, __u32 major, __u32 minor)
271 {
272 	if ((filp->f_mode & FMODE_32BITHASH) ||
273 	    (!(filp->f_mode & FMODE_64BITHASH) && is_32bit_api()))
274 		return major >> 1;
275 	else
276 		return ((__u64)(major >> 1) << 32) | (__u64)minor;
277 }
278 
279 static inline __u32 pos2maj_hash(struct file *filp, loff_t pos)
280 {
281 	if ((filp->f_mode & FMODE_32BITHASH) ||
282 	    (!(filp->f_mode & FMODE_64BITHASH) && is_32bit_api()))
283 		return (pos << 1) & 0xffffffff;
284 	else
285 		return ((pos >> 32) << 1) & 0xffffffff;
286 }
287 
288 static inline __u32 pos2min_hash(struct file *filp, loff_t pos)
289 {
290 	if ((filp->f_mode & FMODE_32BITHASH) ||
291 	    (!(filp->f_mode & FMODE_64BITHASH) && is_32bit_api()))
292 		return 0;
293 	else
294 		return pos & 0xffffffff;
295 }
296 
297 /*
298  * Return 32- or 64-bit end-of-file for dx directories
299  */
300 static inline loff_t ext4_get_htree_eof(struct file *filp)
301 {
302 	if ((filp->f_mode & FMODE_32BITHASH) ||
303 	    (!(filp->f_mode & FMODE_64BITHASH) && is_32bit_api()))
304 		return EXT4_HTREE_EOF_32BIT;
305 	else
306 		return EXT4_HTREE_EOF_64BIT;
307 }
308 
309 
310 /*
311  * ext4_dir_llseek() calls generic_file_llseek_size to handle htree
312  * directories, where the "offset" is in terms of the filename hash
313  * value instead of the byte offset.
314  *
315  * Because we may return a 64-bit hash that is well beyond offset limits,
316  * we need to pass the max hash as the maximum allowable offset in
317  * the htree directory case.
318  *
319  * For non-htree, ext4_llseek already chooses the proper max offset.
320  */
321 static loff_t ext4_dir_llseek(struct file *file, loff_t offset, int whence)
322 {
323 	struct inode *inode = file->f_mapping->host;
324 	int dx_dir = is_dx_dir(inode);
325 	loff_t htree_max = ext4_get_htree_eof(file);
326 
327 	if (likely(dx_dir))
328 		return generic_file_llseek_size(file, offset, whence,
329 						    htree_max, htree_max);
330 	else
331 		return ext4_llseek(file, offset, whence);
332 }
333 
334 /*
335  * This structure holds the nodes of the red-black tree used to store
336  * the directory entry in hash order.
337  */
338 struct fname {
339 	__u32		hash;
340 	__u32		minor_hash;
341 	struct rb_node	rb_hash;
342 	struct fname	*next;
343 	__u32		inode;
344 	__u8		name_len;
345 	__u8		file_type;
346 	char		name[0];
347 };
348 
349 /*
350  * This functoin implements a non-recursive way of freeing all of the
351  * nodes in the red-black tree.
352  */
353 static void free_rb_tree_fname(struct rb_root *root)
354 {
355 	struct fname *fname, *next;
356 
357 	rbtree_postorder_for_each_entry_safe(fname, next, root, rb_hash)
358 		while (fname) {
359 			struct fname *old = fname;
360 			fname = fname->next;
361 			kfree(old);
362 		}
363 
364 	*root = RB_ROOT;
365 }
366 
367 
368 static struct dir_private_info *ext4_htree_create_dir_info(struct file *filp,
369 							   loff_t pos)
370 {
371 	struct dir_private_info *p;
372 
373 	p = kzalloc(sizeof(struct dir_private_info), GFP_KERNEL);
374 	if (!p)
375 		return NULL;
376 	p->curr_hash = pos2maj_hash(filp, pos);
377 	p->curr_minor_hash = pos2min_hash(filp, pos);
378 	return p;
379 }
380 
381 void ext4_htree_free_dir_info(struct dir_private_info *p)
382 {
383 	free_rb_tree_fname(&p->root);
384 	kfree(p);
385 }
386 
387 /*
388  * Given a directory entry, enter it into the fname rb tree.
389  */
390 int ext4_htree_store_dirent(struct file *dir_file, __u32 hash,
391 			     __u32 minor_hash,
392 			     struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *dirent)
393 {
394 	struct rb_node **p, *parent = NULL;
395 	struct fname *fname, *new_fn;
396 	struct dir_private_info *info;
397 	int len;
398 
399 	info = dir_file->private_data;
400 	p = &info->root.rb_node;
401 
402 	/* Create and allocate the fname structure */
403 	len = sizeof(struct fname) + dirent->name_len + 1;
404 	new_fn = kzalloc(len, GFP_KERNEL);
405 	if (!new_fn)
406 		return -ENOMEM;
407 	new_fn->hash = hash;
408 	new_fn->minor_hash = minor_hash;
409 	new_fn->inode = le32_to_cpu(dirent->inode);
410 	new_fn->name_len = dirent->name_len;
411 	new_fn->file_type = dirent->file_type;
412 	memcpy(new_fn->name, dirent->name, dirent->name_len);
413 	new_fn->name[dirent->name_len] = 0;
414 
415 	while (*p) {
416 		parent = *p;
417 		fname = rb_entry(parent, struct fname, rb_hash);
418 
419 		/*
420 		 * If the hash and minor hash match up, then we put
421 		 * them on a linked list.  This rarely happens...
422 		 */
423 		if ((new_fn->hash == fname->hash) &&
424 		    (new_fn->minor_hash == fname->minor_hash)) {
425 			new_fn->next = fname->next;
426 			fname->next = new_fn;
427 			return 0;
428 		}
429 
430 		if (new_fn->hash < fname->hash)
431 			p = &(*p)->rb_left;
432 		else if (new_fn->hash > fname->hash)
433 			p = &(*p)->rb_right;
434 		else if (new_fn->minor_hash < fname->minor_hash)
435 			p = &(*p)->rb_left;
436 		else /* if (new_fn->minor_hash > fname->minor_hash) */
437 			p = &(*p)->rb_right;
438 	}
439 
440 	rb_link_node(&new_fn->rb_hash, parent, p);
441 	rb_insert_color(&new_fn->rb_hash, &info->root);
442 	return 0;
443 }
444 
445 
446 
447 /*
448  * This is a helper function for ext4_dx_readdir.  It calls filldir
449  * for all entres on the fname linked list.  (Normally there is only
450  * one entry on the linked list, unless there are 62 bit hash collisions.)
451  */
452 static int call_filldir(struct file *file, struct dir_context *ctx,
453 			struct fname *fname)
454 {
455 	struct dir_private_info *info = file->private_data;
456 	struct inode *inode = file_inode(file);
457 	struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
458 
459 	if (!fname) {
460 		ext4_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "%s:%d: inode #%lu: comm %s: "
461 			 "called with null fname?!?", __func__, __LINE__,
462 			 inode->i_ino, current->comm);
463 		return 0;
464 	}
465 	ctx->pos = hash2pos(file, fname->hash, fname->minor_hash);
466 	while (fname) {
467 		if (!dir_emit(ctx, fname->name,
468 				fname->name_len,
469 				fname->inode,
470 				get_dtype(sb, fname->file_type))) {
471 			info->extra_fname = fname;
472 			return 1;
473 		}
474 		fname = fname->next;
475 	}
476 	return 0;
477 }
478 
479 static int ext4_dx_readdir(struct file *file, struct dir_context *ctx)
480 {
481 	struct dir_private_info *info = file->private_data;
482 	struct inode *inode = file_inode(file);
483 	struct fname *fname;
484 	int	ret;
485 
486 	if (!info) {
487 		info = ext4_htree_create_dir_info(file, ctx->pos);
488 		if (!info)
489 			return -ENOMEM;
490 		file->private_data = info;
491 	}
492 
493 	if (ctx->pos == ext4_get_htree_eof(file))
494 		return 0;	/* EOF */
495 
496 	/* Some one has messed with f_pos; reset the world */
497 	if (info->last_pos != ctx->pos) {
498 		free_rb_tree_fname(&info->root);
499 		info->curr_node = NULL;
500 		info->extra_fname = NULL;
501 		info->curr_hash = pos2maj_hash(file, ctx->pos);
502 		info->curr_minor_hash = pos2min_hash(file, ctx->pos);
503 	}
504 
505 	/*
506 	 * If there are any leftover names on the hash collision
507 	 * chain, return them first.
508 	 */
509 	if (info->extra_fname) {
510 		if (call_filldir(file, ctx, info->extra_fname))
511 			goto finished;
512 		info->extra_fname = NULL;
513 		goto next_node;
514 	} else if (!info->curr_node)
515 		info->curr_node = rb_first(&info->root);
516 
517 	while (1) {
518 		/*
519 		 * Fill the rbtree if we have no more entries,
520 		 * or the inode has changed since we last read in the
521 		 * cached entries.
522 		 */
523 		if ((!info->curr_node) ||
524 		    (file->f_version != inode->i_version)) {
525 			info->curr_node = NULL;
526 			free_rb_tree_fname(&info->root);
527 			file->f_version = inode->i_version;
528 			ret = ext4_htree_fill_tree(file, info->curr_hash,
529 						   info->curr_minor_hash,
530 						   &info->next_hash);
531 			if (ret < 0)
532 				return ret;
533 			if (ret == 0) {
534 				ctx->pos = ext4_get_htree_eof(file);
535 				break;
536 			}
537 			info->curr_node = rb_first(&info->root);
538 		}
539 
540 		fname = rb_entry(info->curr_node, struct fname, rb_hash);
541 		info->curr_hash = fname->hash;
542 		info->curr_minor_hash = fname->minor_hash;
543 		if (call_filldir(file, ctx, fname))
544 			break;
545 	next_node:
546 		info->curr_node = rb_next(info->curr_node);
547 		if (info->curr_node) {
548 			fname = rb_entry(info->curr_node, struct fname,
549 					 rb_hash);
550 			info->curr_hash = fname->hash;
551 			info->curr_minor_hash = fname->minor_hash;
552 		} else {
553 			if (info->next_hash == ~0) {
554 				ctx->pos = ext4_get_htree_eof(file);
555 				break;
556 			}
557 			info->curr_hash = info->next_hash;
558 			info->curr_minor_hash = 0;
559 		}
560 	}
561 finished:
562 	info->last_pos = ctx->pos;
563 	return 0;
564 }
565 
566 static int ext4_release_dir(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
567 {
568 	if (filp->private_data)
569 		ext4_htree_free_dir_info(filp->private_data);
570 
571 	return 0;
572 }
573 
574 const struct file_operations ext4_dir_operations = {
575 	.llseek		= ext4_dir_llseek,
576 	.read		= generic_read_dir,
577 	.iterate	= ext4_readdir,
578 	.unlocked_ioctl = ext4_ioctl,
579 #ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
580 	.compat_ioctl	= ext4_compat_ioctl,
581 #endif
582 	.fsync		= ext4_sync_file,
583 	.release	= ext4_release_dir,
584 };
585