xref: /linux/fs/crypto/fname.c (revision b7019ac550eb3916f34d79db583e9b7ea2524afa)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 /*
3  * This contains functions for filename crypto management
4  *
5  * Copyright (C) 2015, Google, Inc.
6  * Copyright (C) 2015, Motorola Mobility
7  *
8  * Written by Uday Savagaonkar, 2014.
9  * Modified by Jaegeuk Kim, 2015.
10  *
11  * This has not yet undergone a rigorous security audit.
12  */
13 
14 #include <linux/scatterlist.h>
15 #include <linux/ratelimit.h>
16 #include <crypto/skcipher.h>
17 #include "fscrypt_private.h"
18 
19 static inline bool fscrypt_is_dot_dotdot(const struct qstr *str)
20 {
21 	if (str->len == 1 && str->name[0] == '.')
22 		return true;
23 
24 	if (str->len == 2 && str->name[0] == '.' && str->name[1] == '.')
25 		return true;
26 
27 	return false;
28 }
29 
30 /**
31  * fname_encrypt() - encrypt a filename
32  *
33  * The output buffer must be at least as large as the input buffer.
34  * Any extra space is filled with NUL padding before encryption.
35  *
36  * Return: 0 on success, -errno on failure
37  */
38 int fname_encrypt(struct inode *inode, const struct qstr *iname,
39 		  u8 *out, unsigned int olen)
40 {
41 	struct skcipher_request *req = NULL;
42 	DECLARE_CRYPTO_WAIT(wait);
43 	struct fscrypt_info *ci = inode->i_crypt_info;
44 	struct crypto_skcipher *tfm = ci->ci_ctfm;
45 	union fscrypt_iv iv;
46 	struct scatterlist sg;
47 	int res;
48 
49 	/*
50 	 * Copy the filename to the output buffer for encrypting in-place and
51 	 * pad it with the needed number of NUL bytes.
52 	 */
53 	if (WARN_ON(olen < iname->len))
54 		return -ENOBUFS;
55 	memcpy(out, iname->name, iname->len);
56 	memset(out + iname->len, 0, olen - iname->len);
57 
58 	/* Initialize the IV */
59 	fscrypt_generate_iv(&iv, 0, ci);
60 
61 	/* Set up the encryption request */
62 	req = skcipher_request_alloc(tfm, GFP_NOFS);
63 	if (!req)
64 		return -ENOMEM;
65 	skcipher_request_set_callback(req,
66 			CRYPTO_TFM_REQ_MAY_BACKLOG | CRYPTO_TFM_REQ_MAY_SLEEP,
67 			crypto_req_done, &wait);
68 	sg_init_one(&sg, out, olen);
69 	skcipher_request_set_crypt(req, &sg, &sg, olen, &iv);
70 
71 	/* Do the encryption */
72 	res = crypto_wait_req(crypto_skcipher_encrypt(req), &wait);
73 	skcipher_request_free(req);
74 	if (res < 0) {
75 		fscrypt_err(inode->i_sb,
76 			    "Filename encryption failed for inode %lu: %d",
77 			    inode->i_ino, res);
78 		return res;
79 	}
80 
81 	return 0;
82 }
83 
84 /**
85  * fname_decrypt() - decrypt a filename
86  *
87  * The caller must have allocated sufficient memory for the @oname string.
88  *
89  * Return: 0 on success, -errno on failure
90  */
91 static int fname_decrypt(struct inode *inode,
92 				const struct fscrypt_str *iname,
93 				struct fscrypt_str *oname)
94 {
95 	struct skcipher_request *req = NULL;
96 	DECLARE_CRYPTO_WAIT(wait);
97 	struct scatterlist src_sg, dst_sg;
98 	struct fscrypt_info *ci = inode->i_crypt_info;
99 	struct crypto_skcipher *tfm = ci->ci_ctfm;
100 	union fscrypt_iv iv;
101 	int res;
102 
103 	/* Allocate request */
104 	req = skcipher_request_alloc(tfm, GFP_NOFS);
105 	if (!req)
106 		return -ENOMEM;
107 	skcipher_request_set_callback(req,
108 		CRYPTO_TFM_REQ_MAY_BACKLOG | CRYPTO_TFM_REQ_MAY_SLEEP,
109 		crypto_req_done, &wait);
110 
111 	/* Initialize IV */
112 	fscrypt_generate_iv(&iv, 0, ci);
113 
114 	/* Create decryption request */
115 	sg_init_one(&src_sg, iname->name, iname->len);
116 	sg_init_one(&dst_sg, oname->name, oname->len);
117 	skcipher_request_set_crypt(req, &src_sg, &dst_sg, iname->len, &iv);
118 	res = crypto_wait_req(crypto_skcipher_decrypt(req), &wait);
119 	skcipher_request_free(req);
120 	if (res < 0) {
121 		fscrypt_err(inode->i_sb,
122 			    "Filename decryption failed for inode %lu: %d",
123 			    inode->i_ino, res);
124 		return res;
125 	}
126 
127 	oname->len = strnlen(oname->name, iname->len);
128 	return 0;
129 }
130 
131 static const char *lookup_table =
132 	"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+,";
133 
134 #define BASE64_CHARS(nbytes)	DIV_ROUND_UP((nbytes) * 4, 3)
135 
136 /**
137  * digest_encode() -
138  *
139  * Encodes the input digest using characters from the set [a-zA-Z0-9_+].
140  * The encoded string is roughly 4/3 times the size of the input string.
141  */
142 static int digest_encode(const char *src, int len, char *dst)
143 {
144 	int i = 0, bits = 0, ac = 0;
145 	char *cp = dst;
146 
147 	while (i < len) {
148 		ac += (((unsigned char) src[i]) << bits);
149 		bits += 8;
150 		do {
151 			*cp++ = lookup_table[ac & 0x3f];
152 			ac >>= 6;
153 			bits -= 6;
154 		} while (bits >= 6);
155 		i++;
156 	}
157 	if (bits)
158 		*cp++ = lookup_table[ac & 0x3f];
159 	return cp - dst;
160 }
161 
162 static int digest_decode(const char *src, int len, char *dst)
163 {
164 	int i = 0, bits = 0, ac = 0;
165 	const char *p;
166 	char *cp = dst;
167 
168 	while (i < len) {
169 		p = strchr(lookup_table, src[i]);
170 		if (p == NULL || src[i] == 0)
171 			return -2;
172 		ac += (p - lookup_table) << bits;
173 		bits += 6;
174 		if (bits >= 8) {
175 			*cp++ = ac & 0xff;
176 			ac >>= 8;
177 			bits -= 8;
178 		}
179 		i++;
180 	}
181 	if (ac)
182 		return -1;
183 	return cp - dst;
184 }
185 
186 bool fscrypt_fname_encrypted_size(const struct inode *inode, u32 orig_len,
187 				  u32 max_len, u32 *encrypted_len_ret)
188 {
189 	int padding = 4 << (inode->i_crypt_info->ci_flags &
190 			    FS_POLICY_FLAGS_PAD_MASK);
191 	u32 encrypted_len;
192 
193 	if (orig_len > max_len)
194 		return false;
195 	encrypted_len = max(orig_len, (u32)FS_CRYPTO_BLOCK_SIZE);
196 	encrypted_len = round_up(encrypted_len, padding);
197 	*encrypted_len_ret = min(encrypted_len, max_len);
198 	return true;
199 }
200 
201 /**
202  * fscrypt_fname_alloc_buffer - allocate a buffer for presented filenames
203  *
204  * Allocate a buffer that is large enough to hold any decrypted or encoded
205  * filename (null-terminated), for the given maximum encrypted filename length.
206  *
207  * Return: 0 on success, -errno on failure
208  */
209 int fscrypt_fname_alloc_buffer(const struct inode *inode,
210 			       u32 max_encrypted_len,
211 			       struct fscrypt_str *crypto_str)
212 {
213 	const u32 max_encoded_len =
214 		max_t(u32, BASE64_CHARS(FSCRYPT_FNAME_MAX_UNDIGESTED_SIZE),
215 		      1 + BASE64_CHARS(sizeof(struct fscrypt_digested_name)));
216 	u32 max_presented_len;
217 
218 	max_presented_len = max(max_encoded_len, max_encrypted_len);
219 
220 	crypto_str->name = kmalloc(max_presented_len + 1, GFP_NOFS);
221 	if (!crypto_str->name)
222 		return -ENOMEM;
223 	crypto_str->len = max_presented_len;
224 	return 0;
225 }
226 EXPORT_SYMBOL(fscrypt_fname_alloc_buffer);
227 
228 /**
229  * fscrypt_fname_free_buffer - free the buffer for presented filenames
230  *
231  * Free the buffer allocated by fscrypt_fname_alloc_buffer().
232  */
233 void fscrypt_fname_free_buffer(struct fscrypt_str *crypto_str)
234 {
235 	if (!crypto_str)
236 		return;
237 	kfree(crypto_str->name);
238 	crypto_str->name = NULL;
239 }
240 EXPORT_SYMBOL(fscrypt_fname_free_buffer);
241 
242 /**
243  * fscrypt_fname_disk_to_usr() - converts a filename from disk space to user
244  * space
245  *
246  * The caller must have allocated sufficient memory for the @oname string.
247  *
248  * If the key is available, we'll decrypt the disk name; otherwise, we'll encode
249  * it for presentation.  Short names are directly base64-encoded, while long
250  * names are encoded in fscrypt_digested_name format.
251  *
252  * Return: 0 on success, -errno on failure
253  */
254 int fscrypt_fname_disk_to_usr(struct inode *inode,
255 			u32 hash, u32 minor_hash,
256 			const struct fscrypt_str *iname,
257 			struct fscrypt_str *oname)
258 {
259 	const struct qstr qname = FSTR_TO_QSTR(iname);
260 	struct fscrypt_digested_name digested_name;
261 
262 	if (fscrypt_is_dot_dotdot(&qname)) {
263 		oname->name[0] = '.';
264 		oname->name[iname->len - 1] = '.';
265 		oname->len = iname->len;
266 		return 0;
267 	}
268 
269 	if (iname->len < FS_CRYPTO_BLOCK_SIZE)
270 		return -EUCLEAN;
271 
272 	if (fscrypt_has_encryption_key(inode))
273 		return fname_decrypt(inode, iname, oname);
274 
275 	if (iname->len <= FSCRYPT_FNAME_MAX_UNDIGESTED_SIZE) {
276 		oname->len = digest_encode(iname->name, iname->len,
277 					   oname->name);
278 		return 0;
279 	}
280 	if (hash) {
281 		digested_name.hash = hash;
282 		digested_name.minor_hash = minor_hash;
283 	} else {
284 		digested_name.hash = 0;
285 		digested_name.minor_hash = 0;
286 	}
287 	memcpy(digested_name.digest,
288 	       FSCRYPT_FNAME_DIGEST(iname->name, iname->len),
289 	       FSCRYPT_FNAME_DIGEST_SIZE);
290 	oname->name[0] = '_';
291 	oname->len = 1 + digest_encode((const char *)&digested_name,
292 				       sizeof(digested_name), oname->name + 1);
293 	return 0;
294 }
295 EXPORT_SYMBOL(fscrypt_fname_disk_to_usr);
296 
297 /**
298  * fscrypt_setup_filename() - prepare to search a possibly encrypted directory
299  * @dir: the directory that will be searched
300  * @iname: the user-provided filename being searched for
301  * @lookup: 1 if we're allowed to proceed without the key because it's
302  *	->lookup() or we're finding the dir_entry for deletion; 0 if we cannot
303  *	proceed without the key because we're going to create the dir_entry.
304  * @fname: the filename information to be filled in
305  *
306  * Given a user-provided filename @iname, this function sets @fname->disk_name
307  * to the name that would be stored in the on-disk directory entry, if possible.
308  * If the directory is unencrypted this is simply @iname.  Else, if we have the
309  * directory's encryption key, then @iname is the plaintext, so we encrypt it to
310  * get the disk_name.
311  *
312  * Else, for keyless @lookup operations, @iname is the presented ciphertext, so
313  * we decode it to get either the ciphertext disk_name (for short names) or the
314  * fscrypt_digested_name (for long names).  Non-@lookup operations will be
315  * impossible in this case, so we fail them with ENOKEY.
316  *
317  * If successful, fscrypt_free_filename() must be called later to clean up.
318  *
319  * Return: 0 on success, -errno on failure
320  */
321 int fscrypt_setup_filename(struct inode *dir, const struct qstr *iname,
322 			      int lookup, struct fscrypt_name *fname)
323 {
324 	int ret;
325 	int digested;
326 
327 	memset(fname, 0, sizeof(struct fscrypt_name));
328 	fname->usr_fname = iname;
329 
330 	if (!IS_ENCRYPTED(dir) || fscrypt_is_dot_dotdot(iname)) {
331 		fname->disk_name.name = (unsigned char *)iname->name;
332 		fname->disk_name.len = iname->len;
333 		return 0;
334 	}
335 	ret = fscrypt_get_encryption_info(dir);
336 	if (ret)
337 		return ret;
338 
339 	if (fscrypt_has_encryption_key(dir)) {
340 		if (!fscrypt_fname_encrypted_size(dir, iname->len,
341 						  dir->i_sb->s_cop->max_namelen,
342 						  &fname->crypto_buf.len))
343 			return -ENAMETOOLONG;
344 		fname->crypto_buf.name = kmalloc(fname->crypto_buf.len,
345 						 GFP_NOFS);
346 		if (!fname->crypto_buf.name)
347 			return -ENOMEM;
348 
349 		ret = fname_encrypt(dir, iname, fname->crypto_buf.name,
350 				    fname->crypto_buf.len);
351 		if (ret)
352 			goto errout;
353 		fname->disk_name.name = fname->crypto_buf.name;
354 		fname->disk_name.len = fname->crypto_buf.len;
355 		return 0;
356 	}
357 	if (!lookup)
358 		return -ENOKEY;
359 	fname->is_ciphertext_name = true;
360 
361 	/*
362 	 * We don't have the key and we are doing a lookup; decode the
363 	 * user-supplied name
364 	 */
365 	if (iname->name[0] == '_') {
366 		if (iname->len !=
367 		    1 + BASE64_CHARS(sizeof(struct fscrypt_digested_name)))
368 			return -ENOENT;
369 		digested = 1;
370 	} else {
371 		if (iname->len >
372 		    BASE64_CHARS(FSCRYPT_FNAME_MAX_UNDIGESTED_SIZE))
373 			return -ENOENT;
374 		digested = 0;
375 	}
376 
377 	fname->crypto_buf.name =
378 		kmalloc(max_t(size_t, FSCRYPT_FNAME_MAX_UNDIGESTED_SIZE,
379 			      sizeof(struct fscrypt_digested_name)),
380 			GFP_KERNEL);
381 	if (fname->crypto_buf.name == NULL)
382 		return -ENOMEM;
383 
384 	ret = digest_decode(iname->name + digested, iname->len - digested,
385 				fname->crypto_buf.name);
386 	if (ret < 0) {
387 		ret = -ENOENT;
388 		goto errout;
389 	}
390 	fname->crypto_buf.len = ret;
391 	if (digested) {
392 		const struct fscrypt_digested_name *n =
393 			(const void *)fname->crypto_buf.name;
394 		fname->hash = n->hash;
395 		fname->minor_hash = n->minor_hash;
396 	} else {
397 		fname->disk_name.name = fname->crypto_buf.name;
398 		fname->disk_name.len = fname->crypto_buf.len;
399 	}
400 	return 0;
401 
402 errout:
403 	kfree(fname->crypto_buf.name);
404 	return ret;
405 }
406 EXPORT_SYMBOL(fscrypt_setup_filename);
407