xref: /linux/fs/crypto/crypto.c (revision 0ea5c948cb64bab5bc7a5516774eb8536f05aa0d)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /*
3  * This contains encryption functions for per-file encryption.
4  *
5  * Copyright (C) 2015, Google, Inc.
6  * Copyright (C) 2015, Motorola Mobility
7  *
8  * Written by Michael Halcrow, 2014.
9  *
10  * Filename encryption additions
11  *	Uday Savagaonkar, 2014
12  * Encryption policy handling additions
13  *	Ildar Muslukhov, 2014
14  * Add fscrypt_pullback_bio_page()
15  *	Jaegeuk Kim, 2015.
16  *
17  * This has not yet undergone a rigorous security audit.
18  *
19  * The usage of AES-XTS should conform to recommendations in NIST
20  * Special Publication 800-38E and IEEE P1619/D16.
21  */
22 
23 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
24 #include <linux/mempool.h>
25 #include <linux/module.h>
26 #include <linux/scatterlist.h>
27 #include <linux/ratelimit.h>
28 #include <crypto/skcipher.h>
29 #include "fscrypt_private.h"
30 
31 static unsigned int num_prealloc_crypto_pages = 32;
32 
33 module_param(num_prealloc_crypto_pages, uint, 0444);
34 MODULE_PARM_DESC(num_prealloc_crypto_pages,
35 		"Number of crypto pages to preallocate");
36 
37 static mempool_t *fscrypt_bounce_page_pool = NULL;
38 
39 static struct workqueue_struct *fscrypt_read_workqueue;
40 static DEFINE_MUTEX(fscrypt_init_mutex);
41 
42 struct kmem_cache *fscrypt_inode_info_cachep;
43 
fscrypt_enqueue_decrypt_work(struct work_struct * work)44 void fscrypt_enqueue_decrypt_work(struct work_struct *work)
45 {
46 	queue_work(fscrypt_read_workqueue, work);
47 }
48 EXPORT_SYMBOL(fscrypt_enqueue_decrypt_work);
49 
fscrypt_alloc_bounce_page(gfp_t gfp_flags)50 struct page *fscrypt_alloc_bounce_page(gfp_t gfp_flags)
51 {
52 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!fscrypt_bounce_page_pool)) {
53 		/*
54 		 * Oops, the filesystem called a function that uses the bounce
55 		 * page pool, but it didn't set needs_bounce_pages.
56 		 */
57 		return NULL;
58 	}
59 	return mempool_alloc(fscrypt_bounce_page_pool, gfp_flags);
60 }
61 
62 /**
63  * fscrypt_free_bounce_page() - free a ciphertext bounce page
64  * @bounce_page: the bounce page to free, or NULL
65  *
66  * Free a bounce page that was allocated by fscrypt_encrypt_pagecache_blocks(),
67  * or by fscrypt_alloc_bounce_page() directly.
68  */
fscrypt_free_bounce_page(struct page * bounce_page)69 void fscrypt_free_bounce_page(struct page *bounce_page)
70 {
71 	if (!bounce_page)
72 		return;
73 	set_page_private(bounce_page, (unsigned long)NULL);
74 	ClearPagePrivate(bounce_page);
75 	mempool_free(bounce_page, fscrypt_bounce_page_pool);
76 }
77 EXPORT_SYMBOL(fscrypt_free_bounce_page);
78 
79 /*
80  * Generate the IV for the given data unit index within the given file.
81  * For filenames encryption, index == 0.
82  *
83  * Keep this in sync with fscrypt_limit_io_blocks().  fscrypt_limit_io_blocks()
84  * needs to know about any IV generation methods where the low bits of IV don't
85  * simply contain the data unit index (e.g., IV_INO_LBLK_32).
86  */
fscrypt_generate_iv(union fscrypt_iv * iv,u64 index,const struct fscrypt_inode_info * ci)87 void fscrypt_generate_iv(union fscrypt_iv *iv, u64 index,
88 			 const struct fscrypt_inode_info *ci)
89 {
90 	u8 flags = fscrypt_policy_flags(&ci->ci_policy);
91 
92 	memset(iv, 0, ci->ci_mode->ivsize);
93 
94 	if (flags & FSCRYPT_POLICY_FLAG_IV_INO_LBLK_64) {
95 		WARN_ON_ONCE(index > U32_MAX);
96 		WARN_ON_ONCE(ci->ci_inode->i_ino > U32_MAX);
97 		index |= (u64)ci->ci_inode->i_ino << 32;
98 	} else if (flags & FSCRYPT_POLICY_FLAG_IV_INO_LBLK_32) {
99 		WARN_ON_ONCE(index > U32_MAX);
100 		index = (u32)(ci->ci_hashed_ino + index);
101 	} else if (flags & FSCRYPT_POLICY_FLAG_DIRECT_KEY) {
102 		memcpy(iv->nonce, ci->ci_nonce, FSCRYPT_FILE_NONCE_SIZE);
103 	}
104 	iv->index = cpu_to_le64(index);
105 }
106 
107 /* Encrypt or decrypt a single "data unit" of file contents. */
fscrypt_crypt_data_unit(const struct fscrypt_inode_info * ci,fscrypt_direction_t rw,u64 index,struct page * src_page,struct page * dest_page,unsigned int len,unsigned int offs,gfp_t gfp_flags)108 int fscrypt_crypt_data_unit(const struct fscrypt_inode_info *ci,
109 			    fscrypt_direction_t rw, u64 index,
110 			    struct page *src_page, struct page *dest_page,
111 			    unsigned int len, unsigned int offs,
112 			    gfp_t gfp_flags)
113 {
114 	union fscrypt_iv iv;
115 	struct skcipher_request *req = NULL;
116 	DECLARE_CRYPTO_WAIT(wait);
117 	struct scatterlist dst, src;
118 	struct crypto_skcipher *tfm = ci->ci_enc_key.tfm;
119 	int res = 0;
120 
121 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(len <= 0))
122 		return -EINVAL;
123 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(len % FSCRYPT_CONTENTS_ALIGNMENT != 0))
124 		return -EINVAL;
125 
126 	fscrypt_generate_iv(&iv, index, ci);
127 
128 	req = skcipher_request_alloc(tfm, gfp_flags);
129 	if (!req)
130 		return -ENOMEM;
131 
132 	skcipher_request_set_callback(
133 		req, CRYPTO_TFM_REQ_MAY_BACKLOG | CRYPTO_TFM_REQ_MAY_SLEEP,
134 		crypto_req_done, &wait);
135 
136 	sg_init_table(&dst, 1);
137 	sg_set_page(&dst, dest_page, len, offs);
138 	sg_init_table(&src, 1);
139 	sg_set_page(&src, src_page, len, offs);
140 	skcipher_request_set_crypt(req, &src, &dst, len, &iv);
141 	if (rw == FS_DECRYPT)
142 		res = crypto_wait_req(crypto_skcipher_decrypt(req), &wait);
143 	else
144 		res = crypto_wait_req(crypto_skcipher_encrypt(req), &wait);
145 	skcipher_request_free(req);
146 	if (res) {
147 		fscrypt_err(ci->ci_inode,
148 			    "%scryption failed for data unit %llu: %d",
149 			    (rw == FS_DECRYPT ? "De" : "En"), index, res);
150 		return res;
151 	}
152 	return 0;
153 }
154 
155 /**
156  * fscrypt_encrypt_pagecache_blocks() - Encrypt data from a pagecache page
157  * @page: the locked pagecache page containing the data to encrypt
158  * @len: size of the data to encrypt, in bytes
159  * @offs: offset within @page of the data to encrypt, in bytes
160  * @gfp_flags: memory allocation flags; see details below
161  *
162  * This allocates a new bounce page and encrypts the given data into it.  The
163  * length and offset of the data must be aligned to the file's crypto data unit
164  * size.  Alignment to the filesystem block size fulfills this requirement, as
165  * the filesystem block size is always a multiple of the data unit size.
166  *
167  * In the bounce page, the ciphertext data will be located at the same offset at
168  * which the plaintext data was located in the source page.  Any other parts of
169  * the bounce page will be left uninitialized.
170  *
171  * This is for use by the filesystem's ->writepages() method.
172  *
173  * The bounce page allocation is mempool-backed, so it will always succeed when
174  * @gfp_flags includes __GFP_DIRECT_RECLAIM, e.g. when it's GFP_NOFS.  However,
175  * only the first page of each bio can be allocated this way.  To prevent
176  * deadlocks, for any additional pages a mask like GFP_NOWAIT must be used.
177  *
178  * Return: the new encrypted bounce page on success; an ERR_PTR() on failure
179  */
fscrypt_encrypt_pagecache_blocks(struct page * page,unsigned int len,unsigned int offs,gfp_t gfp_flags)180 struct page *fscrypt_encrypt_pagecache_blocks(struct page *page,
181 					      unsigned int len,
182 					      unsigned int offs,
183 					      gfp_t gfp_flags)
184 
185 {
186 	const struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host;
187 	const struct fscrypt_inode_info *ci = inode->i_crypt_info;
188 	const unsigned int du_bits = ci->ci_data_unit_bits;
189 	const unsigned int du_size = 1U << du_bits;
190 	struct page *ciphertext_page;
191 	u64 index = ((u64)page->index << (PAGE_SHIFT - du_bits)) +
192 		    (offs >> du_bits);
193 	unsigned int i;
194 	int err;
195 
196 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!PageLocked(page)))
197 		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
198 
199 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(len <= 0 || !IS_ALIGNED(len | offs, du_size)))
200 		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
201 
202 	ciphertext_page = fscrypt_alloc_bounce_page(gfp_flags);
203 	if (!ciphertext_page)
204 		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
205 
206 	for (i = offs; i < offs + len; i += du_size, index++) {
207 		err = fscrypt_crypt_data_unit(ci, FS_ENCRYPT, index,
208 					      page, ciphertext_page,
209 					      du_size, i, gfp_flags);
210 		if (err) {
211 			fscrypt_free_bounce_page(ciphertext_page);
212 			return ERR_PTR(err);
213 		}
214 	}
215 	SetPagePrivate(ciphertext_page);
216 	set_page_private(ciphertext_page, (unsigned long)page);
217 	return ciphertext_page;
218 }
219 EXPORT_SYMBOL(fscrypt_encrypt_pagecache_blocks);
220 
221 /**
222  * fscrypt_encrypt_block_inplace() - Encrypt a filesystem block in-place
223  * @inode:     The inode to which this block belongs
224  * @page:      The page containing the block to encrypt
225  * @len:       Size of block to encrypt.  This must be a multiple of
226  *		FSCRYPT_CONTENTS_ALIGNMENT.
227  * @offs:      Byte offset within @page at which the block to encrypt begins
228  * @lblk_num:  Filesystem logical block number of the block, i.e. the 0-based
229  *		number of the block within the file
230  * @gfp_flags: Memory allocation flags
231  *
232  * Encrypt a possibly-compressed filesystem block that is located in an
233  * arbitrary page, not necessarily in the original pagecache page.  The @inode
234  * and @lblk_num must be specified, as they can't be determined from @page.
235  *
236  * This is not compatible with fscrypt_operations::supports_subblock_data_units.
237  *
238  * Return: 0 on success; -errno on failure
239  */
fscrypt_encrypt_block_inplace(const struct inode * inode,struct page * page,unsigned int len,unsigned int offs,u64 lblk_num,gfp_t gfp_flags)240 int fscrypt_encrypt_block_inplace(const struct inode *inode, struct page *page,
241 				  unsigned int len, unsigned int offs,
242 				  u64 lblk_num, gfp_t gfp_flags)
243 {
244 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(inode->i_sb->s_cop->supports_subblock_data_units))
245 		return -EOPNOTSUPP;
246 	return fscrypt_crypt_data_unit(inode->i_crypt_info, FS_ENCRYPT,
247 				       lblk_num, page, page, len, offs,
248 				       gfp_flags);
249 }
250 EXPORT_SYMBOL(fscrypt_encrypt_block_inplace);
251 
252 /**
253  * fscrypt_decrypt_pagecache_blocks() - Decrypt data from a pagecache folio
254  * @folio: the pagecache folio containing the data to decrypt
255  * @len: size of the data to decrypt, in bytes
256  * @offs: offset within @folio of the data to decrypt, in bytes
257  *
258  * Decrypt data that has just been read from an encrypted file.  The data must
259  * be located in a pagecache folio that is still locked and not yet uptodate.
260  * The length and offset of the data must be aligned to the file's crypto data
261  * unit size.  Alignment to the filesystem block size fulfills this requirement,
262  * as the filesystem block size is always a multiple of the data unit size.
263  *
264  * Return: 0 on success; -errno on failure
265  */
fscrypt_decrypt_pagecache_blocks(struct folio * folio,size_t len,size_t offs)266 int fscrypt_decrypt_pagecache_blocks(struct folio *folio, size_t len,
267 				     size_t offs)
268 {
269 	const struct inode *inode = folio->mapping->host;
270 	const struct fscrypt_inode_info *ci = inode->i_crypt_info;
271 	const unsigned int du_bits = ci->ci_data_unit_bits;
272 	const unsigned int du_size = 1U << du_bits;
273 	u64 index = ((u64)folio->index << (PAGE_SHIFT - du_bits)) +
274 		    (offs >> du_bits);
275 	size_t i;
276 	int err;
277 
278 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!folio_test_locked(folio)))
279 		return -EINVAL;
280 
281 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(len <= 0 || !IS_ALIGNED(len | offs, du_size)))
282 		return -EINVAL;
283 
284 	for (i = offs; i < offs + len; i += du_size, index++) {
285 		struct page *page = folio_page(folio, i >> PAGE_SHIFT);
286 
287 		err = fscrypt_crypt_data_unit(ci, FS_DECRYPT, index, page,
288 					      page, du_size, i & ~PAGE_MASK,
289 					      GFP_NOFS);
290 		if (err)
291 			return err;
292 	}
293 	return 0;
294 }
295 EXPORT_SYMBOL(fscrypt_decrypt_pagecache_blocks);
296 
297 /**
298  * fscrypt_decrypt_block_inplace() - Decrypt a filesystem block in-place
299  * @inode:     The inode to which this block belongs
300  * @page:      The page containing the block to decrypt
301  * @len:       Size of block to decrypt.  This must be a multiple of
302  *		FSCRYPT_CONTENTS_ALIGNMENT.
303  * @offs:      Byte offset within @page at which the block to decrypt begins
304  * @lblk_num:  Filesystem logical block number of the block, i.e. the 0-based
305  *		number of the block within the file
306  *
307  * Decrypt a possibly-compressed filesystem block that is located in an
308  * arbitrary page, not necessarily in the original pagecache page.  The @inode
309  * and @lblk_num must be specified, as they can't be determined from @page.
310  *
311  * This is not compatible with fscrypt_operations::supports_subblock_data_units.
312  *
313  * Return: 0 on success; -errno on failure
314  */
fscrypt_decrypt_block_inplace(const struct inode * inode,struct page * page,unsigned int len,unsigned int offs,u64 lblk_num)315 int fscrypt_decrypt_block_inplace(const struct inode *inode, struct page *page,
316 				  unsigned int len, unsigned int offs,
317 				  u64 lblk_num)
318 {
319 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(inode->i_sb->s_cop->supports_subblock_data_units))
320 		return -EOPNOTSUPP;
321 	return fscrypt_crypt_data_unit(inode->i_crypt_info, FS_DECRYPT,
322 				       lblk_num, page, page, len, offs,
323 				       GFP_NOFS);
324 }
325 EXPORT_SYMBOL(fscrypt_decrypt_block_inplace);
326 
327 /**
328  * fscrypt_initialize() - allocate major buffers for fs encryption.
329  * @sb: the filesystem superblock
330  *
331  * We only call this when we start accessing encrypted files, since it
332  * results in memory getting allocated that wouldn't otherwise be used.
333  *
334  * Return: 0 on success; -errno on failure
335  */
fscrypt_initialize(struct super_block * sb)336 int fscrypt_initialize(struct super_block *sb)
337 {
338 	int err = 0;
339 	mempool_t *pool;
340 
341 	/* pairs with smp_store_release() below */
342 	if (likely(smp_load_acquire(&fscrypt_bounce_page_pool)))
343 		return 0;
344 
345 	/* No need to allocate a bounce page pool if this FS won't use it. */
346 	if (!sb->s_cop->needs_bounce_pages)
347 		return 0;
348 
349 	mutex_lock(&fscrypt_init_mutex);
350 	if (fscrypt_bounce_page_pool)
351 		goto out_unlock;
352 
353 	err = -ENOMEM;
354 	pool = mempool_create_page_pool(num_prealloc_crypto_pages, 0);
355 	if (!pool)
356 		goto out_unlock;
357 	/* pairs with smp_load_acquire() above */
358 	smp_store_release(&fscrypt_bounce_page_pool, pool);
359 	err = 0;
360 out_unlock:
361 	mutex_unlock(&fscrypt_init_mutex);
362 	return err;
363 }
364 
fscrypt_msg(const struct inode * inode,const char * level,const char * fmt,...)365 void fscrypt_msg(const struct inode *inode, const char *level,
366 		 const char *fmt, ...)
367 {
368 	static DEFINE_RATELIMIT_STATE(rs, DEFAULT_RATELIMIT_INTERVAL,
369 				      DEFAULT_RATELIMIT_BURST);
370 	struct va_format vaf;
371 	va_list args;
372 
373 	if (!__ratelimit(&rs))
374 		return;
375 
376 	va_start(args, fmt);
377 	vaf.fmt = fmt;
378 	vaf.va = &args;
379 	if (inode && inode->i_ino)
380 		printk("%sfscrypt (%s, inode %lu): %pV\n",
381 		       level, inode->i_sb->s_id, inode->i_ino, &vaf);
382 	else if (inode)
383 		printk("%sfscrypt (%s): %pV\n", level, inode->i_sb->s_id, &vaf);
384 	else
385 		printk("%sfscrypt: %pV\n", level, &vaf);
386 	va_end(args);
387 }
388 
389 /**
390  * fscrypt_init() - Set up for fs encryption.
391  *
392  * Return: 0 on success; -errno on failure
393  */
fscrypt_init(void)394 static int __init fscrypt_init(void)
395 {
396 	int err = -ENOMEM;
397 
398 	/*
399 	 * Use an unbound workqueue to allow bios to be decrypted in parallel
400 	 * even when they happen to complete on the same CPU.  This sacrifices
401 	 * locality, but it's worthwhile since decryption is CPU-intensive.
402 	 *
403 	 * Also use a high-priority workqueue to prioritize decryption work,
404 	 * which blocks reads from completing, over regular application tasks.
405 	 */
406 	fscrypt_read_workqueue = alloc_workqueue("fscrypt_read_queue",
407 						 WQ_UNBOUND | WQ_HIGHPRI,
408 						 num_online_cpus());
409 	if (!fscrypt_read_workqueue)
410 		goto fail;
411 
412 	fscrypt_inode_info_cachep = KMEM_CACHE(fscrypt_inode_info,
413 					       SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT);
414 	if (!fscrypt_inode_info_cachep)
415 		goto fail_free_queue;
416 
417 	err = fscrypt_init_keyring();
418 	if (err)
419 		goto fail_free_inode_info;
420 
421 	return 0;
422 
423 fail_free_inode_info:
424 	kmem_cache_destroy(fscrypt_inode_info_cachep);
425 fail_free_queue:
426 	destroy_workqueue(fscrypt_read_workqueue);
427 fail:
428 	return err;
429 }
430 late_initcall(fscrypt_init)
431