xref: /linux/fs/cramfs/inode.c (revision 5e8c0fb6a95728b852d56c0a9244425d474670c0)
1 /*
2  * Compressed rom filesystem for Linux.
3  *
4  * Copyright (C) 1999 Linus Torvalds.
5  *
6  * This file is released under the GPL.
7  */
8 
9 /*
10  * These are the VFS interfaces to the compressed rom filesystem.
11  * The actual compression is based on zlib, see the other files.
12  */
13 
14 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
15 
16 #include <linux/module.h>
17 #include <linux/fs.h>
18 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
19 #include <linux/init.h>
20 #include <linux/string.h>
21 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
22 #include <linux/slab.h>
23 #include <linux/vfs.h>
24 #include <linux/mutex.h>
25 #include <uapi/linux/cramfs_fs.h>
26 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
27 
28 #include "internal.h"
29 
30 /*
31  * cramfs super-block data in memory
32  */
33 struct cramfs_sb_info {
34 	unsigned long magic;
35 	unsigned long size;
36 	unsigned long blocks;
37 	unsigned long files;
38 	unsigned long flags;
39 };
40 
41 static inline struct cramfs_sb_info *CRAMFS_SB(struct super_block *sb)
42 {
43 	return sb->s_fs_info;
44 }
45 
46 static const struct super_operations cramfs_ops;
47 static const struct inode_operations cramfs_dir_inode_operations;
48 static const struct file_operations cramfs_directory_operations;
49 static const struct address_space_operations cramfs_aops;
50 
51 static DEFINE_MUTEX(read_mutex);
52 
53 
54 /* These macros may change in future, to provide better st_ino semantics. */
55 #define OFFSET(x)	((x)->i_ino)
56 
57 static unsigned long cramino(const struct cramfs_inode *cino, unsigned int offset)
58 {
59 	if (!cino->offset)
60 		return offset + 1;
61 	if (!cino->size)
62 		return offset + 1;
63 
64 	/*
65 	 * The file mode test fixes buggy mkcramfs implementations where
66 	 * cramfs_inode->offset is set to a non zero value for entries
67 	 * which did not contain data, like devices node and fifos.
68 	 */
69 	switch (cino->mode & S_IFMT) {
70 	case S_IFREG:
71 	case S_IFDIR:
72 	case S_IFLNK:
73 		return cino->offset << 2;
74 	default:
75 		break;
76 	}
77 	return offset + 1;
78 }
79 
80 static struct inode *get_cramfs_inode(struct super_block *sb,
81 	const struct cramfs_inode *cramfs_inode, unsigned int offset)
82 {
83 	struct inode *inode;
84 	static struct timespec zerotime;
85 
86 	inode = iget_locked(sb, cramino(cramfs_inode, offset));
87 	if (!inode)
88 		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
89 	if (!(inode->i_state & I_NEW))
90 		return inode;
91 
92 	switch (cramfs_inode->mode & S_IFMT) {
93 	case S_IFREG:
94 		inode->i_fop = &generic_ro_fops;
95 		inode->i_data.a_ops = &cramfs_aops;
96 		break;
97 	case S_IFDIR:
98 		inode->i_op = &cramfs_dir_inode_operations;
99 		inode->i_fop = &cramfs_directory_operations;
100 		break;
101 	case S_IFLNK:
102 		inode->i_op = &page_symlink_inode_operations;
103 		inode->i_data.a_ops = &cramfs_aops;
104 		break;
105 	default:
106 		init_special_inode(inode, cramfs_inode->mode,
107 				old_decode_dev(cramfs_inode->size));
108 	}
109 
110 	inode->i_mode = cramfs_inode->mode;
111 	i_uid_write(inode, cramfs_inode->uid);
112 	i_gid_write(inode, cramfs_inode->gid);
113 
114 	/* if the lower 2 bits are zero, the inode contains data */
115 	if (!(inode->i_ino & 3)) {
116 		inode->i_size = cramfs_inode->size;
117 		inode->i_blocks = (cramfs_inode->size - 1) / 512 + 1;
118 	}
119 
120 	/* Struct copy intentional */
121 	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode->i_ctime = zerotime;
122 	/* inode->i_nlink is left 1 - arguably wrong for directories,
123 	   but it's the best we can do without reading the directory
124 	   contents.  1 yields the right result in GNU find, even
125 	   without -noleaf option. */
126 
127 	unlock_new_inode(inode);
128 
129 	return inode;
130 }
131 
132 /*
133  * We have our own block cache: don't fill up the buffer cache
134  * with the rom-image, because the way the filesystem is set
135  * up the accesses should be fairly regular and cached in the
136  * page cache and dentry tree anyway..
137  *
138  * This also acts as a way to guarantee contiguous areas of up to
139  * BLKS_PER_BUF*PAGE_CACHE_SIZE, so that the caller doesn't need to
140  * worry about end-of-buffer issues even when decompressing a full
141  * page cache.
142  */
143 #define READ_BUFFERS (2)
144 /* NEXT_BUFFER(): Loop over [0..(READ_BUFFERS-1)]. */
145 #define NEXT_BUFFER(_ix) ((_ix) ^ 1)
146 
147 /*
148  * BLKS_PER_BUF_SHIFT should be at least 2 to allow for "compressed"
149  * data that takes up more space than the original and with unlucky
150  * alignment.
151  */
152 #define BLKS_PER_BUF_SHIFT	(2)
153 #define BLKS_PER_BUF		(1 << BLKS_PER_BUF_SHIFT)
154 #define BUFFER_SIZE		(BLKS_PER_BUF*PAGE_CACHE_SIZE)
155 
156 static unsigned char read_buffers[READ_BUFFERS][BUFFER_SIZE];
157 static unsigned buffer_blocknr[READ_BUFFERS];
158 static struct super_block *buffer_dev[READ_BUFFERS];
159 static int next_buffer;
160 
161 /*
162  * Returns a pointer to a buffer containing at least LEN bytes of
163  * filesystem starting at byte offset OFFSET into the filesystem.
164  */
165 static void *cramfs_read(struct super_block *sb, unsigned int offset, unsigned int len)
166 {
167 	struct address_space *mapping = sb->s_bdev->bd_inode->i_mapping;
168 	struct page *pages[BLKS_PER_BUF];
169 	unsigned i, blocknr, buffer;
170 	unsigned long devsize;
171 	char *data;
172 
173 	if (!len)
174 		return NULL;
175 	blocknr = offset >> PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT;
176 	offset &= PAGE_CACHE_SIZE - 1;
177 
178 	/* Check if an existing buffer already has the data.. */
179 	for (i = 0; i < READ_BUFFERS; i++) {
180 		unsigned int blk_offset;
181 
182 		if (buffer_dev[i] != sb)
183 			continue;
184 		if (blocknr < buffer_blocknr[i])
185 			continue;
186 		blk_offset = (blocknr - buffer_blocknr[i]) << PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT;
187 		blk_offset += offset;
188 		if (blk_offset + len > BUFFER_SIZE)
189 			continue;
190 		return read_buffers[i] + blk_offset;
191 	}
192 
193 	devsize = mapping->host->i_size >> PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT;
194 
195 	/* Ok, read in BLKS_PER_BUF pages completely first. */
196 	for (i = 0; i < BLKS_PER_BUF; i++) {
197 		struct page *page = NULL;
198 
199 		if (blocknr + i < devsize) {
200 			page = read_mapping_page(mapping, blocknr + i, NULL);
201 			/* synchronous error? */
202 			if (IS_ERR(page))
203 				page = NULL;
204 		}
205 		pages[i] = page;
206 	}
207 
208 	for (i = 0; i < BLKS_PER_BUF; i++) {
209 		struct page *page = pages[i];
210 
211 		if (page) {
212 			wait_on_page_locked(page);
213 			if (!PageUptodate(page)) {
214 				/* asynchronous error */
215 				page_cache_release(page);
216 				pages[i] = NULL;
217 			}
218 		}
219 	}
220 
221 	buffer = next_buffer;
222 	next_buffer = NEXT_BUFFER(buffer);
223 	buffer_blocknr[buffer] = blocknr;
224 	buffer_dev[buffer] = sb;
225 
226 	data = read_buffers[buffer];
227 	for (i = 0; i < BLKS_PER_BUF; i++) {
228 		struct page *page = pages[i];
229 
230 		if (page) {
231 			memcpy(data, kmap(page), PAGE_CACHE_SIZE);
232 			kunmap(page);
233 			page_cache_release(page);
234 		} else
235 			memset(data, 0, PAGE_CACHE_SIZE);
236 		data += PAGE_CACHE_SIZE;
237 	}
238 	return read_buffers[buffer] + offset;
239 }
240 
241 static void cramfs_kill_sb(struct super_block *sb)
242 {
243 	struct cramfs_sb_info *sbi = CRAMFS_SB(sb);
244 
245 	kill_block_super(sb);
246 	kfree(sbi);
247 }
248 
249 static int cramfs_remount(struct super_block *sb, int *flags, char *data)
250 {
251 	sync_filesystem(sb);
252 	*flags |= MS_RDONLY;
253 	return 0;
254 }
255 
256 static int cramfs_fill_super(struct super_block *sb, void *data, int silent)
257 {
258 	int i;
259 	struct cramfs_super super;
260 	unsigned long root_offset;
261 	struct cramfs_sb_info *sbi;
262 	struct inode *root;
263 
264 	sb->s_flags |= MS_RDONLY;
265 
266 	sbi = kzalloc(sizeof(struct cramfs_sb_info), GFP_KERNEL);
267 	if (!sbi)
268 		return -ENOMEM;
269 	sb->s_fs_info = sbi;
270 
271 	/* Invalidate the read buffers on mount: think disk change.. */
272 	mutex_lock(&read_mutex);
273 	for (i = 0; i < READ_BUFFERS; i++)
274 		buffer_blocknr[i] = -1;
275 
276 	/* Read the first block and get the superblock from it */
277 	memcpy(&super, cramfs_read(sb, 0, sizeof(super)), sizeof(super));
278 	mutex_unlock(&read_mutex);
279 
280 	/* Do sanity checks on the superblock */
281 	if (super.magic != CRAMFS_MAGIC) {
282 		/* check for wrong endianness */
283 		if (super.magic == CRAMFS_MAGIC_WEND) {
284 			if (!silent)
285 				pr_err("wrong endianness\n");
286 			return -EINVAL;
287 		}
288 
289 		/* check at 512 byte offset */
290 		mutex_lock(&read_mutex);
291 		memcpy(&super, cramfs_read(sb, 512, sizeof(super)), sizeof(super));
292 		mutex_unlock(&read_mutex);
293 		if (super.magic != CRAMFS_MAGIC) {
294 			if (super.magic == CRAMFS_MAGIC_WEND && !silent)
295 				pr_err("wrong endianness\n");
296 			else if (!silent)
297 				pr_err("wrong magic\n");
298 			return -EINVAL;
299 		}
300 	}
301 
302 	/* get feature flags first */
303 	if (super.flags & ~CRAMFS_SUPPORTED_FLAGS) {
304 		pr_err("unsupported filesystem features\n");
305 		return -EINVAL;
306 	}
307 
308 	/* Check that the root inode is in a sane state */
309 	if (!S_ISDIR(super.root.mode)) {
310 		pr_err("root is not a directory\n");
311 		return -EINVAL;
312 	}
313 	/* correct strange, hard-coded permissions of mkcramfs */
314 	super.root.mode |= (S_IRUSR | S_IXUSR | S_IRGRP | S_IXGRP | S_IROTH | S_IXOTH);
315 
316 	root_offset = super.root.offset << 2;
317 	if (super.flags & CRAMFS_FLAG_FSID_VERSION_2) {
318 		sbi->size = super.size;
319 		sbi->blocks = super.fsid.blocks;
320 		sbi->files = super.fsid.files;
321 	} else {
322 		sbi->size = 1<<28;
323 		sbi->blocks = 0;
324 		sbi->files = 0;
325 	}
326 	sbi->magic = super.magic;
327 	sbi->flags = super.flags;
328 	if (root_offset == 0)
329 		pr_info("empty filesystem");
330 	else if (!(super.flags & CRAMFS_FLAG_SHIFTED_ROOT_OFFSET) &&
331 		 ((root_offset != sizeof(struct cramfs_super)) &&
332 		  (root_offset != 512 + sizeof(struct cramfs_super))))
333 	{
334 		pr_err("bad root offset %lu\n", root_offset);
335 		return -EINVAL;
336 	}
337 
338 	/* Set it all up.. */
339 	sb->s_op = &cramfs_ops;
340 	root = get_cramfs_inode(sb, &super.root, 0);
341 	if (IS_ERR(root))
342 		return PTR_ERR(root);
343 	sb->s_root = d_make_root(root);
344 	if (!sb->s_root)
345 		return -ENOMEM;
346 	return 0;
347 }
348 
349 static int cramfs_statfs(struct dentry *dentry, struct kstatfs *buf)
350 {
351 	struct super_block *sb = dentry->d_sb;
352 	u64 id = huge_encode_dev(sb->s_bdev->bd_dev);
353 
354 	buf->f_type = CRAMFS_MAGIC;
355 	buf->f_bsize = PAGE_CACHE_SIZE;
356 	buf->f_blocks = CRAMFS_SB(sb)->blocks;
357 	buf->f_bfree = 0;
358 	buf->f_bavail = 0;
359 	buf->f_files = CRAMFS_SB(sb)->files;
360 	buf->f_ffree = 0;
361 	buf->f_fsid.val[0] = (u32)id;
362 	buf->f_fsid.val[1] = (u32)(id >> 32);
363 	buf->f_namelen = CRAMFS_MAXPATHLEN;
364 	return 0;
365 }
366 
367 /*
368  * Read a cramfs directory entry.
369  */
370 static int cramfs_readdir(struct file *file, struct dir_context *ctx)
371 {
372 	struct inode *inode = file_inode(file);
373 	struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
374 	char *buf;
375 	unsigned int offset;
376 
377 	/* Offset within the thing. */
378 	if (ctx->pos >= inode->i_size)
379 		return 0;
380 	offset = ctx->pos;
381 	/* Directory entries are always 4-byte aligned */
382 	if (offset & 3)
383 		return -EINVAL;
384 
385 	buf = kmalloc(CRAMFS_MAXPATHLEN, GFP_KERNEL);
386 	if (!buf)
387 		return -ENOMEM;
388 
389 	while (offset < inode->i_size) {
390 		struct cramfs_inode *de;
391 		unsigned long nextoffset;
392 		char *name;
393 		ino_t ino;
394 		umode_t mode;
395 		int namelen;
396 
397 		mutex_lock(&read_mutex);
398 		de = cramfs_read(sb, OFFSET(inode) + offset, sizeof(*de)+CRAMFS_MAXPATHLEN);
399 		name = (char *)(de+1);
400 
401 		/*
402 		 * Namelengths on disk are shifted by two
403 		 * and the name padded out to 4-byte boundaries
404 		 * with zeroes.
405 		 */
406 		namelen = de->namelen << 2;
407 		memcpy(buf, name, namelen);
408 		ino = cramino(de, OFFSET(inode) + offset);
409 		mode = de->mode;
410 		mutex_unlock(&read_mutex);
411 		nextoffset = offset + sizeof(*de) + namelen;
412 		for (;;) {
413 			if (!namelen) {
414 				kfree(buf);
415 				return -EIO;
416 			}
417 			if (buf[namelen-1])
418 				break;
419 			namelen--;
420 		}
421 		if (!dir_emit(ctx, buf, namelen, ino, mode >> 12))
422 			break;
423 
424 		ctx->pos = offset = nextoffset;
425 	}
426 	kfree(buf);
427 	return 0;
428 }
429 
430 /*
431  * Lookup and fill in the inode data..
432  */
433 static struct dentry *cramfs_lookup(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry, unsigned int flags)
434 {
435 	unsigned int offset = 0;
436 	struct inode *inode = NULL;
437 	int sorted;
438 
439 	mutex_lock(&read_mutex);
440 	sorted = CRAMFS_SB(dir->i_sb)->flags & CRAMFS_FLAG_SORTED_DIRS;
441 	while (offset < dir->i_size) {
442 		struct cramfs_inode *de;
443 		char *name;
444 		int namelen, retval;
445 		int dir_off = OFFSET(dir) + offset;
446 
447 		de = cramfs_read(dir->i_sb, dir_off, sizeof(*de)+CRAMFS_MAXPATHLEN);
448 		name = (char *)(de+1);
449 
450 		/* Try to take advantage of sorted directories */
451 		if (sorted && (dentry->d_name.name[0] < name[0]))
452 			break;
453 
454 		namelen = de->namelen << 2;
455 		offset += sizeof(*de) + namelen;
456 
457 		/* Quick check that the name is roughly the right length */
458 		if (((dentry->d_name.len + 3) & ~3) != namelen)
459 			continue;
460 
461 		for (;;) {
462 			if (!namelen) {
463 				inode = ERR_PTR(-EIO);
464 				goto out;
465 			}
466 			if (name[namelen-1])
467 				break;
468 			namelen--;
469 		}
470 		if (namelen != dentry->d_name.len)
471 			continue;
472 		retval = memcmp(dentry->d_name.name, name, namelen);
473 		if (retval > 0)
474 			continue;
475 		if (!retval) {
476 			inode = get_cramfs_inode(dir->i_sb, de, dir_off);
477 			break;
478 		}
479 		/* else (retval < 0) */
480 		if (sorted)
481 			break;
482 	}
483 out:
484 	mutex_unlock(&read_mutex);
485 	if (IS_ERR(inode))
486 		return ERR_CAST(inode);
487 	d_add(dentry, inode);
488 	return NULL;
489 }
490 
491 static int cramfs_readpage(struct file *file, struct page *page)
492 {
493 	struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host;
494 	u32 maxblock;
495 	int bytes_filled;
496 	void *pgdata;
497 
498 	maxblock = (inode->i_size + PAGE_CACHE_SIZE - 1) >> PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT;
499 	bytes_filled = 0;
500 	pgdata = kmap(page);
501 
502 	if (page->index < maxblock) {
503 		struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
504 		u32 blkptr_offset = OFFSET(inode) + page->index*4;
505 		u32 start_offset, compr_len;
506 
507 		start_offset = OFFSET(inode) + maxblock*4;
508 		mutex_lock(&read_mutex);
509 		if (page->index)
510 			start_offset = *(u32 *) cramfs_read(sb, blkptr_offset-4,
511 				4);
512 		compr_len = (*(u32 *) cramfs_read(sb, blkptr_offset, 4) -
513 			start_offset);
514 		mutex_unlock(&read_mutex);
515 
516 		if (compr_len == 0)
517 			; /* hole */
518 		else if (unlikely(compr_len > (PAGE_CACHE_SIZE << 1))) {
519 			pr_err("bad compressed blocksize %u\n",
520 				compr_len);
521 			goto err;
522 		} else {
523 			mutex_lock(&read_mutex);
524 			bytes_filled = cramfs_uncompress_block(pgdata,
525 				 PAGE_CACHE_SIZE,
526 				 cramfs_read(sb, start_offset, compr_len),
527 				 compr_len);
528 			mutex_unlock(&read_mutex);
529 			if (unlikely(bytes_filled < 0))
530 				goto err;
531 		}
532 	}
533 
534 	memset(pgdata + bytes_filled, 0, PAGE_CACHE_SIZE - bytes_filled);
535 	flush_dcache_page(page);
536 	kunmap(page);
537 	SetPageUptodate(page);
538 	unlock_page(page);
539 	return 0;
540 
541 err:
542 	kunmap(page);
543 	ClearPageUptodate(page);
544 	SetPageError(page);
545 	unlock_page(page);
546 	return 0;
547 }
548 
549 static const struct address_space_operations cramfs_aops = {
550 	.readpage = cramfs_readpage
551 };
552 
553 /*
554  * Our operations:
555  */
556 
557 /*
558  * A directory can only readdir
559  */
560 static const struct file_operations cramfs_directory_operations = {
561 	.llseek		= generic_file_llseek,
562 	.read		= generic_read_dir,
563 	.iterate	= cramfs_readdir,
564 };
565 
566 static const struct inode_operations cramfs_dir_inode_operations = {
567 	.lookup		= cramfs_lookup,
568 };
569 
570 static const struct super_operations cramfs_ops = {
571 	.remount_fs	= cramfs_remount,
572 	.statfs		= cramfs_statfs,
573 };
574 
575 static struct dentry *cramfs_mount(struct file_system_type *fs_type,
576 	int flags, const char *dev_name, void *data)
577 {
578 	return mount_bdev(fs_type, flags, dev_name, data, cramfs_fill_super);
579 }
580 
581 static struct file_system_type cramfs_fs_type = {
582 	.owner		= THIS_MODULE,
583 	.name		= "cramfs",
584 	.mount		= cramfs_mount,
585 	.kill_sb	= cramfs_kill_sb,
586 	.fs_flags	= FS_REQUIRES_DEV,
587 };
588 MODULE_ALIAS_FS("cramfs");
589 
590 static int __init init_cramfs_fs(void)
591 {
592 	int rv;
593 
594 	rv = cramfs_uncompress_init();
595 	if (rv < 0)
596 		return rv;
597 	rv = register_filesystem(&cramfs_fs_type);
598 	if (rv < 0)
599 		cramfs_uncompress_exit();
600 	return rv;
601 }
602 
603 static void __exit exit_cramfs_fs(void)
604 {
605 	cramfs_uncompress_exit();
606 	unregister_filesystem(&cramfs_fs_type);
607 }
608 
609 module_init(init_cramfs_fs)
610 module_exit(exit_cramfs_fs)
611 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
612