xref: /linux/fs/cramfs/inode.c (revision 293d5b43948309434568f4dcbb36cce4c3c51bd5)
1 /*
2  * Compressed rom filesystem for Linux.
3  *
4  * Copyright (C) 1999 Linus Torvalds.
5  *
6  * This file is released under the GPL.
7  */
8 
9 /*
10  * These are the VFS interfaces to the compressed rom filesystem.
11  * The actual compression is based on zlib, see the other files.
12  */
13 
14 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
15 
16 #include <linux/module.h>
17 #include <linux/fs.h>
18 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
19 #include <linux/init.h>
20 #include <linux/string.h>
21 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
22 #include <linux/slab.h>
23 #include <linux/vfs.h>
24 #include <linux/mutex.h>
25 #include <uapi/linux/cramfs_fs.h>
26 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
27 
28 #include "internal.h"
29 
30 /*
31  * cramfs super-block data in memory
32  */
33 struct cramfs_sb_info {
34 	unsigned long magic;
35 	unsigned long size;
36 	unsigned long blocks;
37 	unsigned long files;
38 	unsigned long flags;
39 };
40 
41 static inline struct cramfs_sb_info *CRAMFS_SB(struct super_block *sb)
42 {
43 	return sb->s_fs_info;
44 }
45 
46 static const struct super_operations cramfs_ops;
47 static const struct inode_operations cramfs_dir_inode_operations;
48 static const struct file_operations cramfs_directory_operations;
49 static const struct address_space_operations cramfs_aops;
50 
51 static DEFINE_MUTEX(read_mutex);
52 
53 
54 /* These macros may change in future, to provide better st_ino semantics. */
55 #define OFFSET(x)	((x)->i_ino)
56 
57 static unsigned long cramino(const struct cramfs_inode *cino, unsigned int offset)
58 {
59 	if (!cino->offset)
60 		return offset + 1;
61 	if (!cino->size)
62 		return offset + 1;
63 
64 	/*
65 	 * The file mode test fixes buggy mkcramfs implementations where
66 	 * cramfs_inode->offset is set to a non zero value for entries
67 	 * which did not contain data, like devices node and fifos.
68 	 */
69 	switch (cino->mode & S_IFMT) {
70 	case S_IFREG:
71 	case S_IFDIR:
72 	case S_IFLNK:
73 		return cino->offset << 2;
74 	default:
75 		break;
76 	}
77 	return offset + 1;
78 }
79 
80 static struct inode *get_cramfs_inode(struct super_block *sb,
81 	const struct cramfs_inode *cramfs_inode, unsigned int offset)
82 {
83 	struct inode *inode;
84 	static struct timespec zerotime;
85 
86 	inode = iget_locked(sb, cramino(cramfs_inode, offset));
87 	if (!inode)
88 		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
89 	if (!(inode->i_state & I_NEW))
90 		return inode;
91 
92 	switch (cramfs_inode->mode & S_IFMT) {
93 	case S_IFREG:
94 		inode->i_fop = &generic_ro_fops;
95 		inode->i_data.a_ops = &cramfs_aops;
96 		break;
97 	case S_IFDIR:
98 		inode->i_op = &cramfs_dir_inode_operations;
99 		inode->i_fop = &cramfs_directory_operations;
100 		break;
101 	case S_IFLNK:
102 		inode->i_op = &page_symlink_inode_operations;
103 		inode_nohighmem(inode);
104 		inode->i_data.a_ops = &cramfs_aops;
105 		break;
106 	default:
107 		init_special_inode(inode, cramfs_inode->mode,
108 				old_decode_dev(cramfs_inode->size));
109 	}
110 
111 	inode->i_mode = cramfs_inode->mode;
112 	i_uid_write(inode, cramfs_inode->uid);
113 	i_gid_write(inode, cramfs_inode->gid);
114 
115 	/* if the lower 2 bits are zero, the inode contains data */
116 	if (!(inode->i_ino & 3)) {
117 		inode->i_size = cramfs_inode->size;
118 		inode->i_blocks = (cramfs_inode->size - 1) / 512 + 1;
119 	}
120 
121 	/* Struct copy intentional */
122 	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode->i_ctime = zerotime;
123 	/* inode->i_nlink is left 1 - arguably wrong for directories,
124 	   but it's the best we can do without reading the directory
125 	   contents.  1 yields the right result in GNU find, even
126 	   without -noleaf option. */
127 
128 	unlock_new_inode(inode);
129 
130 	return inode;
131 }
132 
133 /*
134  * We have our own block cache: don't fill up the buffer cache
135  * with the rom-image, because the way the filesystem is set
136  * up the accesses should be fairly regular and cached in the
137  * page cache and dentry tree anyway..
138  *
139  * This also acts as a way to guarantee contiguous areas of up to
140  * BLKS_PER_BUF*PAGE_SIZE, so that the caller doesn't need to
141  * worry about end-of-buffer issues even when decompressing a full
142  * page cache.
143  */
144 #define READ_BUFFERS (2)
145 /* NEXT_BUFFER(): Loop over [0..(READ_BUFFERS-1)]. */
146 #define NEXT_BUFFER(_ix) ((_ix) ^ 1)
147 
148 /*
149  * BLKS_PER_BUF_SHIFT should be at least 2 to allow for "compressed"
150  * data that takes up more space than the original and with unlucky
151  * alignment.
152  */
153 #define BLKS_PER_BUF_SHIFT	(2)
154 #define BLKS_PER_BUF		(1 << BLKS_PER_BUF_SHIFT)
155 #define BUFFER_SIZE		(BLKS_PER_BUF*PAGE_SIZE)
156 
157 static unsigned char read_buffers[READ_BUFFERS][BUFFER_SIZE];
158 static unsigned buffer_blocknr[READ_BUFFERS];
159 static struct super_block *buffer_dev[READ_BUFFERS];
160 static int next_buffer;
161 
162 /*
163  * Returns a pointer to a buffer containing at least LEN bytes of
164  * filesystem starting at byte offset OFFSET into the filesystem.
165  */
166 static void *cramfs_read(struct super_block *sb, unsigned int offset, unsigned int len)
167 {
168 	struct address_space *mapping = sb->s_bdev->bd_inode->i_mapping;
169 	struct page *pages[BLKS_PER_BUF];
170 	unsigned i, blocknr, buffer;
171 	unsigned long devsize;
172 	char *data;
173 
174 	if (!len)
175 		return NULL;
176 	blocknr = offset >> PAGE_SHIFT;
177 	offset &= PAGE_SIZE - 1;
178 
179 	/* Check if an existing buffer already has the data.. */
180 	for (i = 0; i < READ_BUFFERS; i++) {
181 		unsigned int blk_offset;
182 
183 		if (buffer_dev[i] != sb)
184 			continue;
185 		if (blocknr < buffer_blocknr[i])
186 			continue;
187 		blk_offset = (blocknr - buffer_blocknr[i]) << PAGE_SHIFT;
188 		blk_offset += offset;
189 		if (blk_offset + len > BUFFER_SIZE)
190 			continue;
191 		return read_buffers[i] + blk_offset;
192 	}
193 
194 	devsize = mapping->host->i_size >> PAGE_SHIFT;
195 
196 	/* Ok, read in BLKS_PER_BUF pages completely first. */
197 	for (i = 0; i < BLKS_PER_BUF; i++) {
198 		struct page *page = NULL;
199 
200 		if (blocknr + i < devsize) {
201 			page = read_mapping_page(mapping, blocknr + i, NULL);
202 			/* synchronous error? */
203 			if (IS_ERR(page))
204 				page = NULL;
205 		}
206 		pages[i] = page;
207 	}
208 
209 	for (i = 0; i < BLKS_PER_BUF; i++) {
210 		struct page *page = pages[i];
211 
212 		if (page) {
213 			wait_on_page_locked(page);
214 			if (!PageUptodate(page)) {
215 				/* asynchronous error */
216 				put_page(page);
217 				pages[i] = NULL;
218 			}
219 		}
220 	}
221 
222 	buffer = next_buffer;
223 	next_buffer = NEXT_BUFFER(buffer);
224 	buffer_blocknr[buffer] = blocknr;
225 	buffer_dev[buffer] = sb;
226 
227 	data = read_buffers[buffer];
228 	for (i = 0; i < BLKS_PER_BUF; i++) {
229 		struct page *page = pages[i];
230 
231 		if (page) {
232 			memcpy(data, kmap(page), PAGE_SIZE);
233 			kunmap(page);
234 			put_page(page);
235 		} else
236 			memset(data, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
237 		data += PAGE_SIZE;
238 	}
239 	return read_buffers[buffer] + offset;
240 }
241 
242 static void cramfs_kill_sb(struct super_block *sb)
243 {
244 	struct cramfs_sb_info *sbi = CRAMFS_SB(sb);
245 
246 	kill_block_super(sb);
247 	kfree(sbi);
248 }
249 
250 static int cramfs_remount(struct super_block *sb, int *flags, char *data)
251 {
252 	sync_filesystem(sb);
253 	*flags |= MS_RDONLY;
254 	return 0;
255 }
256 
257 static int cramfs_fill_super(struct super_block *sb, void *data, int silent)
258 {
259 	int i;
260 	struct cramfs_super super;
261 	unsigned long root_offset;
262 	struct cramfs_sb_info *sbi;
263 	struct inode *root;
264 
265 	sb->s_flags |= MS_RDONLY;
266 
267 	sbi = kzalloc(sizeof(struct cramfs_sb_info), GFP_KERNEL);
268 	if (!sbi)
269 		return -ENOMEM;
270 	sb->s_fs_info = sbi;
271 
272 	/* Invalidate the read buffers on mount: think disk change.. */
273 	mutex_lock(&read_mutex);
274 	for (i = 0; i < READ_BUFFERS; i++)
275 		buffer_blocknr[i] = -1;
276 
277 	/* Read the first block and get the superblock from it */
278 	memcpy(&super, cramfs_read(sb, 0, sizeof(super)), sizeof(super));
279 	mutex_unlock(&read_mutex);
280 
281 	/* Do sanity checks on the superblock */
282 	if (super.magic != CRAMFS_MAGIC) {
283 		/* check for wrong endianness */
284 		if (super.magic == CRAMFS_MAGIC_WEND) {
285 			if (!silent)
286 				pr_err("wrong endianness\n");
287 			return -EINVAL;
288 		}
289 
290 		/* check at 512 byte offset */
291 		mutex_lock(&read_mutex);
292 		memcpy(&super, cramfs_read(sb, 512, sizeof(super)), sizeof(super));
293 		mutex_unlock(&read_mutex);
294 		if (super.magic != CRAMFS_MAGIC) {
295 			if (super.magic == CRAMFS_MAGIC_WEND && !silent)
296 				pr_err("wrong endianness\n");
297 			else if (!silent)
298 				pr_err("wrong magic\n");
299 			return -EINVAL;
300 		}
301 	}
302 
303 	/* get feature flags first */
304 	if (super.flags & ~CRAMFS_SUPPORTED_FLAGS) {
305 		pr_err("unsupported filesystem features\n");
306 		return -EINVAL;
307 	}
308 
309 	/* Check that the root inode is in a sane state */
310 	if (!S_ISDIR(super.root.mode)) {
311 		pr_err("root is not a directory\n");
312 		return -EINVAL;
313 	}
314 	/* correct strange, hard-coded permissions of mkcramfs */
315 	super.root.mode |= (S_IRUSR | S_IXUSR | S_IRGRP | S_IXGRP | S_IROTH | S_IXOTH);
316 
317 	root_offset = super.root.offset << 2;
318 	if (super.flags & CRAMFS_FLAG_FSID_VERSION_2) {
319 		sbi->size = super.size;
320 		sbi->blocks = super.fsid.blocks;
321 		sbi->files = super.fsid.files;
322 	} else {
323 		sbi->size = 1<<28;
324 		sbi->blocks = 0;
325 		sbi->files = 0;
326 	}
327 	sbi->magic = super.magic;
328 	sbi->flags = super.flags;
329 	if (root_offset == 0)
330 		pr_info("empty filesystem");
331 	else if (!(super.flags & CRAMFS_FLAG_SHIFTED_ROOT_OFFSET) &&
332 		 ((root_offset != sizeof(struct cramfs_super)) &&
333 		  (root_offset != 512 + sizeof(struct cramfs_super))))
334 	{
335 		pr_err("bad root offset %lu\n", root_offset);
336 		return -EINVAL;
337 	}
338 
339 	/* Set it all up.. */
340 	sb->s_op = &cramfs_ops;
341 	root = get_cramfs_inode(sb, &super.root, 0);
342 	if (IS_ERR(root))
343 		return PTR_ERR(root);
344 	sb->s_root = d_make_root(root);
345 	if (!sb->s_root)
346 		return -ENOMEM;
347 	return 0;
348 }
349 
350 static int cramfs_statfs(struct dentry *dentry, struct kstatfs *buf)
351 {
352 	struct super_block *sb = dentry->d_sb;
353 	u64 id = huge_encode_dev(sb->s_bdev->bd_dev);
354 
355 	buf->f_type = CRAMFS_MAGIC;
356 	buf->f_bsize = PAGE_SIZE;
357 	buf->f_blocks = CRAMFS_SB(sb)->blocks;
358 	buf->f_bfree = 0;
359 	buf->f_bavail = 0;
360 	buf->f_files = CRAMFS_SB(sb)->files;
361 	buf->f_ffree = 0;
362 	buf->f_fsid.val[0] = (u32)id;
363 	buf->f_fsid.val[1] = (u32)(id >> 32);
364 	buf->f_namelen = CRAMFS_MAXPATHLEN;
365 	return 0;
366 }
367 
368 /*
369  * Read a cramfs directory entry.
370  */
371 static int cramfs_readdir(struct file *file, struct dir_context *ctx)
372 {
373 	struct inode *inode = file_inode(file);
374 	struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
375 	char *buf;
376 	unsigned int offset;
377 
378 	/* Offset within the thing. */
379 	if (ctx->pos >= inode->i_size)
380 		return 0;
381 	offset = ctx->pos;
382 	/* Directory entries are always 4-byte aligned */
383 	if (offset & 3)
384 		return -EINVAL;
385 
386 	buf = kmalloc(CRAMFS_MAXPATHLEN, GFP_KERNEL);
387 	if (!buf)
388 		return -ENOMEM;
389 
390 	while (offset < inode->i_size) {
391 		struct cramfs_inode *de;
392 		unsigned long nextoffset;
393 		char *name;
394 		ino_t ino;
395 		umode_t mode;
396 		int namelen;
397 
398 		mutex_lock(&read_mutex);
399 		de = cramfs_read(sb, OFFSET(inode) + offset, sizeof(*de)+CRAMFS_MAXPATHLEN);
400 		name = (char *)(de+1);
401 
402 		/*
403 		 * Namelengths on disk are shifted by two
404 		 * and the name padded out to 4-byte boundaries
405 		 * with zeroes.
406 		 */
407 		namelen = de->namelen << 2;
408 		memcpy(buf, name, namelen);
409 		ino = cramino(de, OFFSET(inode) + offset);
410 		mode = de->mode;
411 		mutex_unlock(&read_mutex);
412 		nextoffset = offset + sizeof(*de) + namelen;
413 		for (;;) {
414 			if (!namelen) {
415 				kfree(buf);
416 				return -EIO;
417 			}
418 			if (buf[namelen-1])
419 				break;
420 			namelen--;
421 		}
422 		if (!dir_emit(ctx, buf, namelen, ino, mode >> 12))
423 			break;
424 
425 		ctx->pos = offset = nextoffset;
426 	}
427 	kfree(buf);
428 	return 0;
429 }
430 
431 /*
432  * Lookup and fill in the inode data..
433  */
434 static struct dentry *cramfs_lookup(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry, unsigned int flags)
435 {
436 	unsigned int offset = 0;
437 	struct inode *inode = NULL;
438 	int sorted;
439 
440 	mutex_lock(&read_mutex);
441 	sorted = CRAMFS_SB(dir->i_sb)->flags & CRAMFS_FLAG_SORTED_DIRS;
442 	while (offset < dir->i_size) {
443 		struct cramfs_inode *de;
444 		char *name;
445 		int namelen, retval;
446 		int dir_off = OFFSET(dir) + offset;
447 
448 		de = cramfs_read(dir->i_sb, dir_off, sizeof(*de)+CRAMFS_MAXPATHLEN);
449 		name = (char *)(de+1);
450 
451 		/* Try to take advantage of sorted directories */
452 		if (sorted && (dentry->d_name.name[0] < name[0]))
453 			break;
454 
455 		namelen = de->namelen << 2;
456 		offset += sizeof(*de) + namelen;
457 
458 		/* Quick check that the name is roughly the right length */
459 		if (((dentry->d_name.len + 3) & ~3) != namelen)
460 			continue;
461 
462 		for (;;) {
463 			if (!namelen) {
464 				inode = ERR_PTR(-EIO);
465 				goto out;
466 			}
467 			if (name[namelen-1])
468 				break;
469 			namelen--;
470 		}
471 		if (namelen != dentry->d_name.len)
472 			continue;
473 		retval = memcmp(dentry->d_name.name, name, namelen);
474 		if (retval > 0)
475 			continue;
476 		if (!retval) {
477 			inode = get_cramfs_inode(dir->i_sb, de, dir_off);
478 			break;
479 		}
480 		/* else (retval < 0) */
481 		if (sorted)
482 			break;
483 	}
484 out:
485 	mutex_unlock(&read_mutex);
486 	if (IS_ERR(inode))
487 		return ERR_CAST(inode);
488 	d_add(dentry, inode);
489 	return NULL;
490 }
491 
492 static int cramfs_readpage(struct file *file, struct page *page)
493 {
494 	struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host;
495 	u32 maxblock;
496 	int bytes_filled;
497 	void *pgdata;
498 
499 	maxblock = (inode->i_size + PAGE_SIZE - 1) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
500 	bytes_filled = 0;
501 	pgdata = kmap(page);
502 
503 	if (page->index < maxblock) {
504 		struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
505 		u32 blkptr_offset = OFFSET(inode) + page->index*4;
506 		u32 start_offset, compr_len;
507 
508 		start_offset = OFFSET(inode) + maxblock*4;
509 		mutex_lock(&read_mutex);
510 		if (page->index)
511 			start_offset = *(u32 *) cramfs_read(sb, blkptr_offset-4,
512 				4);
513 		compr_len = (*(u32 *) cramfs_read(sb, blkptr_offset, 4) -
514 			start_offset);
515 		mutex_unlock(&read_mutex);
516 
517 		if (compr_len == 0)
518 			; /* hole */
519 		else if (unlikely(compr_len > (PAGE_SIZE << 1))) {
520 			pr_err("bad compressed blocksize %u\n",
521 				compr_len);
522 			goto err;
523 		} else {
524 			mutex_lock(&read_mutex);
525 			bytes_filled = cramfs_uncompress_block(pgdata,
526 				 PAGE_SIZE,
527 				 cramfs_read(sb, start_offset, compr_len),
528 				 compr_len);
529 			mutex_unlock(&read_mutex);
530 			if (unlikely(bytes_filled < 0))
531 				goto err;
532 		}
533 	}
534 
535 	memset(pgdata + bytes_filled, 0, PAGE_SIZE - bytes_filled);
536 	flush_dcache_page(page);
537 	kunmap(page);
538 	SetPageUptodate(page);
539 	unlock_page(page);
540 	return 0;
541 
542 err:
543 	kunmap(page);
544 	ClearPageUptodate(page);
545 	SetPageError(page);
546 	unlock_page(page);
547 	return 0;
548 }
549 
550 static const struct address_space_operations cramfs_aops = {
551 	.readpage = cramfs_readpage
552 };
553 
554 /*
555  * Our operations:
556  */
557 
558 /*
559  * A directory can only readdir
560  */
561 static const struct file_operations cramfs_directory_operations = {
562 	.llseek		= generic_file_llseek,
563 	.read		= generic_read_dir,
564 	.iterate_shared	= cramfs_readdir,
565 };
566 
567 static const struct inode_operations cramfs_dir_inode_operations = {
568 	.lookup		= cramfs_lookup,
569 };
570 
571 static const struct super_operations cramfs_ops = {
572 	.remount_fs	= cramfs_remount,
573 	.statfs		= cramfs_statfs,
574 };
575 
576 static struct dentry *cramfs_mount(struct file_system_type *fs_type,
577 	int flags, const char *dev_name, void *data)
578 {
579 	return mount_bdev(fs_type, flags, dev_name, data, cramfs_fill_super);
580 }
581 
582 static struct file_system_type cramfs_fs_type = {
583 	.owner		= THIS_MODULE,
584 	.name		= "cramfs",
585 	.mount		= cramfs_mount,
586 	.kill_sb	= cramfs_kill_sb,
587 	.fs_flags	= FS_REQUIRES_DEV,
588 };
589 MODULE_ALIAS_FS("cramfs");
590 
591 static int __init init_cramfs_fs(void)
592 {
593 	int rv;
594 
595 	rv = cramfs_uncompress_init();
596 	if (rv < 0)
597 		return rv;
598 	rv = register_filesystem(&cramfs_fs_type);
599 	if (rv < 0)
600 		cramfs_uncompress_exit();
601 	return rv;
602 }
603 
604 static void __exit exit_cramfs_fs(void)
605 {
606 	cramfs_uncompress_exit();
607 	unregister_filesystem(&cramfs_fs_type);
608 }
609 
610 module_init(init_cramfs_fs)
611 module_exit(exit_cramfs_fs)
612 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
613