xref: /linux/fs/binfmt_misc.c (revision f3a8b6645dc2e60d11f20c1c23afd964ff4e55ae)
1 /*
2  * binfmt_misc.c
3  *
4  * Copyright (C) 1997 Richard Günther
5  *
6  * binfmt_misc detects binaries via a magic or filename extension and invokes
7  * a specified wrapper. See Documentation/binfmt_misc.txt for more details.
8  */
9 
10 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
11 
12 #include <linux/kernel.h>
13 #include <linux/module.h>
14 #include <linux/init.h>
15 #include <linux/sched.h>
16 #include <linux/magic.h>
17 #include <linux/binfmts.h>
18 #include <linux/slab.h>
19 #include <linux/ctype.h>
20 #include <linux/string_helpers.h>
21 #include <linux/file.h>
22 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
23 #include <linux/namei.h>
24 #include <linux/mount.h>
25 #include <linux/syscalls.h>
26 #include <linux/fs.h>
27 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
28 
29 #include "internal.h"
30 
31 #ifdef DEBUG
32 # define USE_DEBUG 1
33 #else
34 # define USE_DEBUG 0
35 #endif
36 
37 enum {
38 	VERBOSE_STATUS = 1 /* make it zero to save 400 bytes kernel memory */
39 };
40 
41 static LIST_HEAD(entries);
42 static int enabled = 1;
43 
44 enum {Enabled, Magic};
45 #define MISC_FMT_PRESERVE_ARGV0 (1 << 31)
46 #define MISC_FMT_OPEN_BINARY (1 << 30)
47 #define MISC_FMT_CREDENTIALS (1 << 29)
48 #define MISC_FMT_OPEN_FILE (1 << 28)
49 
50 typedef struct {
51 	struct list_head list;
52 	unsigned long flags;		/* type, status, etc. */
53 	int offset;			/* offset of magic */
54 	int size;			/* size of magic/mask */
55 	char *magic;			/* magic or filename extension */
56 	char *mask;			/* mask, NULL for exact match */
57 	char *interpreter;		/* filename of interpreter */
58 	char *name;
59 	struct dentry *dentry;
60 	struct file *interp_file;
61 } Node;
62 
63 static DEFINE_RWLOCK(entries_lock);
64 static struct file_system_type bm_fs_type;
65 static struct vfsmount *bm_mnt;
66 static int entry_count;
67 
68 /*
69  * Max length of the register string.  Determined by:
70  *  - 7 delimiters
71  *  - name:   ~50 bytes
72  *  - type:   1 byte
73  *  - offset: 3 bytes (has to be smaller than BINPRM_BUF_SIZE)
74  *  - magic:  128 bytes (512 in escaped form)
75  *  - mask:   128 bytes (512 in escaped form)
76  *  - interp: ~50 bytes
77  *  - flags:  5 bytes
78  * Round that up a bit, and then back off to hold the internal data
79  * (like struct Node).
80  */
81 #define MAX_REGISTER_LENGTH 1920
82 
83 /*
84  * Check if we support the binfmt
85  * if we do, return the node, else NULL
86  * locking is done in load_misc_binary
87  */
88 static Node *check_file(struct linux_binprm *bprm)
89 {
90 	char *p = strrchr(bprm->interp, '.');
91 	struct list_head *l;
92 
93 	/* Walk all the registered handlers. */
94 	list_for_each(l, &entries) {
95 		Node *e = list_entry(l, Node, list);
96 		char *s;
97 		int j;
98 
99 		/* Make sure this one is currently enabled. */
100 		if (!test_bit(Enabled, &e->flags))
101 			continue;
102 
103 		/* Do matching based on extension if applicable. */
104 		if (!test_bit(Magic, &e->flags)) {
105 			if (p && !strcmp(e->magic, p + 1))
106 				return e;
107 			continue;
108 		}
109 
110 		/* Do matching based on magic & mask. */
111 		s = bprm->buf + e->offset;
112 		if (e->mask) {
113 			for (j = 0; j < e->size; j++)
114 				if ((*s++ ^ e->magic[j]) & e->mask[j])
115 					break;
116 		} else {
117 			for (j = 0; j < e->size; j++)
118 				if ((*s++ ^ e->magic[j]))
119 					break;
120 		}
121 		if (j == e->size)
122 			return e;
123 	}
124 	return NULL;
125 }
126 
127 /*
128  * the loader itself
129  */
130 static int load_misc_binary(struct linux_binprm *bprm)
131 {
132 	Node *fmt;
133 	struct file *interp_file = NULL;
134 	char iname[BINPRM_BUF_SIZE];
135 	const char *iname_addr = iname;
136 	int retval;
137 	int fd_binary = -1;
138 
139 	retval = -ENOEXEC;
140 	if (!enabled)
141 		goto ret;
142 
143 	/* to keep locking time low, we copy the interpreter string */
144 	read_lock(&entries_lock);
145 	fmt = check_file(bprm);
146 	if (fmt)
147 		strlcpy(iname, fmt->interpreter, BINPRM_BUF_SIZE);
148 	read_unlock(&entries_lock);
149 	if (!fmt)
150 		goto ret;
151 
152 	/* Need to be able to load the file after exec */
153 	if (bprm->interp_flags & BINPRM_FLAGS_PATH_INACCESSIBLE)
154 		return -ENOENT;
155 
156 	if (!(fmt->flags & MISC_FMT_PRESERVE_ARGV0)) {
157 		retval = remove_arg_zero(bprm);
158 		if (retval)
159 			goto ret;
160 	}
161 
162 	if (fmt->flags & MISC_FMT_OPEN_BINARY) {
163 
164 		/* if the binary should be opened on behalf of the
165 		 * interpreter than keep it open and assign descriptor
166 		 * to it
167 		 */
168 		fd_binary = get_unused_fd_flags(0);
169 		if (fd_binary < 0) {
170 			retval = fd_binary;
171 			goto ret;
172 		}
173 		fd_install(fd_binary, bprm->file);
174 
175 		/* if the binary is not readable than enforce mm->dumpable=0
176 		   regardless of the interpreter's permissions */
177 		would_dump(bprm, bprm->file);
178 
179 		allow_write_access(bprm->file);
180 		bprm->file = NULL;
181 
182 		/* mark the bprm that fd should be passed to interp */
183 		bprm->interp_flags |= BINPRM_FLAGS_EXECFD;
184 		bprm->interp_data = fd_binary;
185 
186 	} else {
187 		allow_write_access(bprm->file);
188 		fput(bprm->file);
189 		bprm->file = NULL;
190 	}
191 	/* make argv[1] be the path to the binary */
192 	retval = copy_strings_kernel(1, &bprm->interp, bprm);
193 	if (retval < 0)
194 		goto error;
195 	bprm->argc++;
196 
197 	/* add the interp as argv[0] */
198 	retval = copy_strings_kernel(1, &iname_addr, bprm);
199 	if (retval < 0)
200 		goto error;
201 	bprm->argc++;
202 
203 	/* Update interp in case binfmt_script needs it. */
204 	retval = bprm_change_interp(iname, bprm);
205 	if (retval < 0)
206 		goto error;
207 
208 	if (fmt->flags & MISC_FMT_OPEN_FILE && fmt->interp_file) {
209 		interp_file = filp_clone_open(fmt->interp_file);
210 		if (!IS_ERR(interp_file))
211 			deny_write_access(interp_file);
212 	} else {
213 		interp_file = open_exec(iname);
214 	}
215 	retval = PTR_ERR(interp_file);
216 	if (IS_ERR(interp_file))
217 		goto error;
218 
219 	bprm->file = interp_file;
220 	if (fmt->flags & MISC_FMT_CREDENTIALS) {
221 		/*
222 		 * No need to call prepare_binprm(), it's already been
223 		 * done.  bprm->buf is stale, update from interp_file.
224 		 */
225 		memset(bprm->buf, 0, BINPRM_BUF_SIZE);
226 		retval = kernel_read(bprm->file, 0, bprm->buf, BINPRM_BUF_SIZE);
227 	} else
228 		retval = prepare_binprm(bprm);
229 
230 	if (retval < 0)
231 		goto error;
232 
233 	retval = search_binary_handler(bprm);
234 	if (retval < 0)
235 		goto error;
236 
237 ret:
238 	return retval;
239 error:
240 	if (fd_binary > 0)
241 		sys_close(fd_binary);
242 	bprm->interp_flags = 0;
243 	bprm->interp_data = 0;
244 	goto ret;
245 }
246 
247 /* Command parsers */
248 
249 /*
250  * parses and copies one argument enclosed in del from *sp to *dp,
251  * recognising the \x special.
252  * returns pointer to the copied argument or NULL in case of an
253  * error (and sets err) or null argument length.
254  */
255 static char *scanarg(char *s, char del)
256 {
257 	char c;
258 
259 	while ((c = *s++) != del) {
260 		if (c == '\\' && *s == 'x') {
261 			s++;
262 			if (!isxdigit(*s++))
263 				return NULL;
264 			if (!isxdigit(*s++))
265 				return NULL;
266 		}
267 	}
268 	s[-1] ='\0';
269 	return s;
270 }
271 
272 static char *check_special_flags(char *sfs, Node *e)
273 {
274 	char *p = sfs;
275 	int cont = 1;
276 
277 	/* special flags */
278 	while (cont) {
279 		switch (*p) {
280 		case 'P':
281 			pr_debug("register: flag: P (preserve argv0)\n");
282 			p++;
283 			e->flags |= MISC_FMT_PRESERVE_ARGV0;
284 			break;
285 		case 'O':
286 			pr_debug("register: flag: O (open binary)\n");
287 			p++;
288 			e->flags |= MISC_FMT_OPEN_BINARY;
289 			break;
290 		case 'C':
291 			pr_debug("register: flag: C (preserve creds)\n");
292 			p++;
293 			/* this flags also implies the
294 			   open-binary flag */
295 			e->flags |= (MISC_FMT_CREDENTIALS |
296 					MISC_FMT_OPEN_BINARY);
297 			break;
298 		case 'F':
299 			pr_debug("register: flag: F: open interpreter file now\n");
300 			p++;
301 			e->flags |= MISC_FMT_OPEN_FILE;
302 			break;
303 		default:
304 			cont = 0;
305 		}
306 	}
307 
308 	return p;
309 }
310 
311 /*
312  * This registers a new binary format, it recognises the syntax
313  * ':name:type:offset:magic:mask:interpreter:flags'
314  * where the ':' is the IFS, that can be chosen with the first char
315  */
316 static Node *create_entry(const char __user *buffer, size_t count)
317 {
318 	Node *e;
319 	int memsize, err;
320 	char *buf, *p;
321 	char del;
322 
323 	pr_debug("register: received %zu bytes\n", count);
324 
325 	/* some sanity checks */
326 	err = -EINVAL;
327 	if ((count < 11) || (count > MAX_REGISTER_LENGTH))
328 		goto out;
329 
330 	err = -ENOMEM;
331 	memsize = sizeof(Node) + count + 8;
332 	e = kmalloc(memsize, GFP_KERNEL);
333 	if (!e)
334 		goto out;
335 
336 	p = buf = (char *)e + sizeof(Node);
337 
338 	memset(e, 0, sizeof(Node));
339 	if (copy_from_user(buf, buffer, count))
340 		goto efault;
341 
342 	del = *p++;	/* delimeter */
343 
344 	pr_debug("register: delim: %#x {%c}\n", del, del);
345 
346 	/* Pad the buffer with the delim to simplify parsing below. */
347 	memset(buf + count, del, 8);
348 
349 	/* Parse the 'name' field. */
350 	e->name = p;
351 	p = strchr(p, del);
352 	if (!p)
353 		goto einval;
354 	*p++ = '\0';
355 	if (!e->name[0] ||
356 	    !strcmp(e->name, ".") ||
357 	    !strcmp(e->name, "..") ||
358 	    strchr(e->name, '/'))
359 		goto einval;
360 
361 	pr_debug("register: name: {%s}\n", e->name);
362 
363 	/* Parse the 'type' field. */
364 	switch (*p++) {
365 	case 'E':
366 		pr_debug("register: type: E (extension)\n");
367 		e->flags = 1 << Enabled;
368 		break;
369 	case 'M':
370 		pr_debug("register: type: M (magic)\n");
371 		e->flags = (1 << Enabled) | (1 << Magic);
372 		break;
373 	default:
374 		goto einval;
375 	}
376 	if (*p++ != del)
377 		goto einval;
378 
379 	if (test_bit(Magic, &e->flags)) {
380 		/* Handle the 'M' (magic) format. */
381 		char *s;
382 
383 		/* Parse the 'offset' field. */
384 		s = strchr(p, del);
385 		if (!s)
386 			goto einval;
387 		*s++ = '\0';
388 		e->offset = simple_strtoul(p, &p, 10);
389 		if (*p++)
390 			goto einval;
391 		pr_debug("register: offset: %#x\n", e->offset);
392 
393 		/* Parse the 'magic' field. */
394 		e->magic = p;
395 		p = scanarg(p, del);
396 		if (!p)
397 			goto einval;
398 		if (!e->magic[0])
399 			goto einval;
400 		if (USE_DEBUG)
401 			print_hex_dump_bytes(
402 				KBUILD_MODNAME ": register: magic[raw]: ",
403 				DUMP_PREFIX_NONE, e->magic, p - e->magic);
404 
405 		/* Parse the 'mask' field. */
406 		e->mask = p;
407 		p = scanarg(p, del);
408 		if (!p)
409 			goto einval;
410 		if (!e->mask[0]) {
411 			e->mask = NULL;
412 			pr_debug("register:  mask[raw]: none\n");
413 		} else if (USE_DEBUG)
414 			print_hex_dump_bytes(
415 				KBUILD_MODNAME ": register:  mask[raw]: ",
416 				DUMP_PREFIX_NONE, e->mask, p - e->mask);
417 
418 		/*
419 		 * Decode the magic & mask fields.
420 		 * Note: while we might have accepted embedded NUL bytes from
421 		 * above, the unescape helpers here will stop at the first one
422 		 * it encounters.
423 		 */
424 		e->size = string_unescape_inplace(e->magic, UNESCAPE_HEX);
425 		if (e->mask &&
426 		    string_unescape_inplace(e->mask, UNESCAPE_HEX) != e->size)
427 			goto einval;
428 		if (e->size + e->offset > BINPRM_BUF_SIZE)
429 			goto einval;
430 		pr_debug("register: magic/mask length: %i\n", e->size);
431 		if (USE_DEBUG) {
432 			print_hex_dump_bytes(
433 				KBUILD_MODNAME ": register: magic[decoded]: ",
434 				DUMP_PREFIX_NONE, e->magic, e->size);
435 
436 			if (e->mask) {
437 				int i;
438 				char *masked = kmalloc(e->size, GFP_KERNEL);
439 
440 				print_hex_dump_bytes(
441 					KBUILD_MODNAME ": register:  mask[decoded]: ",
442 					DUMP_PREFIX_NONE, e->mask, e->size);
443 
444 				if (masked) {
445 					for (i = 0; i < e->size; ++i)
446 						masked[i] = e->magic[i] & e->mask[i];
447 					print_hex_dump_bytes(
448 						KBUILD_MODNAME ": register:  magic[masked]: ",
449 						DUMP_PREFIX_NONE, masked, e->size);
450 
451 					kfree(masked);
452 				}
453 			}
454 		}
455 	} else {
456 		/* Handle the 'E' (extension) format. */
457 
458 		/* Skip the 'offset' field. */
459 		p = strchr(p, del);
460 		if (!p)
461 			goto einval;
462 		*p++ = '\0';
463 
464 		/* Parse the 'magic' field. */
465 		e->magic = p;
466 		p = strchr(p, del);
467 		if (!p)
468 			goto einval;
469 		*p++ = '\0';
470 		if (!e->magic[0] || strchr(e->magic, '/'))
471 			goto einval;
472 		pr_debug("register: extension: {%s}\n", e->magic);
473 
474 		/* Skip the 'mask' field. */
475 		p = strchr(p, del);
476 		if (!p)
477 			goto einval;
478 		*p++ = '\0';
479 	}
480 
481 	/* Parse the 'interpreter' field. */
482 	e->interpreter = p;
483 	p = strchr(p, del);
484 	if (!p)
485 		goto einval;
486 	*p++ = '\0';
487 	if (!e->interpreter[0])
488 		goto einval;
489 	pr_debug("register: interpreter: {%s}\n", e->interpreter);
490 
491 	/* Parse the 'flags' field. */
492 	p = check_special_flags(p, e);
493 	if (*p == '\n')
494 		p++;
495 	if (p != buf + count)
496 		goto einval;
497 
498 	return e;
499 
500 out:
501 	return ERR_PTR(err);
502 
503 efault:
504 	kfree(e);
505 	return ERR_PTR(-EFAULT);
506 einval:
507 	kfree(e);
508 	return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
509 }
510 
511 /*
512  * Set status of entry/binfmt_misc:
513  * '1' enables, '0' disables and '-1' clears entry/binfmt_misc
514  */
515 static int parse_command(const char __user *buffer, size_t count)
516 {
517 	char s[4];
518 
519 	if (count > 3)
520 		return -EINVAL;
521 	if (copy_from_user(s, buffer, count))
522 		return -EFAULT;
523 	if (!count)
524 		return 0;
525 	if (s[count - 1] == '\n')
526 		count--;
527 	if (count == 1 && s[0] == '0')
528 		return 1;
529 	if (count == 1 && s[0] == '1')
530 		return 2;
531 	if (count == 2 && s[0] == '-' && s[1] == '1')
532 		return 3;
533 	return -EINVAL;
534 }
535 
536 /* generic stuff */
537 
538 static void entry_status(Node *e, char *page)
539 {
540 	char *dp = page;
541 	const char *status = "disabled";
542 
543 	if (test_bit(Enabled, &e->flags))
544 		status = "enabled";
545 
546 	if (!VERBOSE_STATUS) {
547 		sprintf(page, "%s\n", status);
548 		return;
549 	}
550 
551 	dp += sprintf(dp, "%s\ninterpreter %s\n", status, e->interpreter);
552 
553 	/* print the special flags */
554 	dp += sprintf(dp, "flags: ");
555 	if (e->flags & MISC_FMT_PRESERVE_ARGV0)
556 		*dp++ = 'P';
557 	if (e->flags & MISC_FMT_OPEN_BINARY)
558 		*dp++ = 'O';
559 	if (e->flags & MISC_FMT_CREDENTIALS)
560 		*dp++ = 'C';
561 	if (e->flags & MISC_FMT_OPEN_FILE)
562 		*dp++ = 'F';
563 	*dp++ = '\n';
564 
565 	if (!test_bit(Magic, &e->flags)) {
566 		sprintf(dp, "extension .%s\n", e->magic);
567 	} else {
568 		dp += sprintf(dp, "offset %i\nmagic ", e->offset);
569 		dp = bin2hex(dp, e->magic, e->size);
570 		if (e->mask) {
571 			dp += sprintf(dp, "\nmask ");
572 			dp = bin2hex(dp, e->mask, e->size);
573 		}
574 		*dp++ = '\n';
575 		*dp = '\0';
576 	}
577 }
578 
579 static struct inode *bm_get_inode(struct super_block *sb, int mode)
580 {
581 	struct inode *inode = new_inode(sb);
582 
583 	if (inode) {
584 		inode->i_ino = get_next_ino();
585 		inode->i_mode = mode;
586 		inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime =
587 			current_time(inode);
588 	}
589 	return inode;
590 }
591 
592 static void bm_evict_inode(struct inode *inode)
593 {
594 	clear_inode(inode);
595 	kfree(inode->i_private);
596 }
597 
598 static void kill_node(Node *e)
599 {
600 	struct dentry *dentry;
601 
602 	write_lock(&entries_lock);
603 	dentry = e->dentry;
604 	if (dentry) {
605 		list_del_init(&e->list);
606 		e->dentry = NULL;
607 	}
608 	write_unlock(&entries_lock);
609 
610 	if ((e->flags & MISC_FMT_OPEN_FILE) && e->interp_file) {
611 		filp_close(e->interp_file, NULL);
612 		e->interp_file = NULL;
613 	}
614 
615 	if (dentry) {
616 		drop_nlink(d_inode(dentry));
617 		d_drop(dentry);
618 		dput(dentry);
619 		simple_release_fs(&bm_mnt, &entry_count);
620 	}
621 }
622 
623 /* /<entry> */
624 
625 static ssize_t
626 bm_entry_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf, size_t nbytes, loff_t *ppos)
627 {
628 	Node *e = file_inode(file)->i_private;
629 	ssize_t res;
630 	char *page;
631 
632 	page = (char *) __get_free_page(GFP_KERNEL);
633 	if (!page)
634 		return -ENOMEM;
635 
636 	entry_status(e, page);
637 
638 	res = simple_read_from_buffer(buf, nbytes, ppos, page, strlen(page));
639 
640 	free_page((unsigned long) page);
641 	return res;
642 }
643 
644 static ssize_t bm_entry_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buffer,
645 				size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
646 {
647 	struct dentry *root;
648 	Node *e = file_inode(file)->i_private;
649 	int res = parse_command(buffer, count);
650 
651 	switch (res) {
652 	case 1:
653 		/* Disable this handler. */
654 		clear_bit(Enabled, &e->flags);
655 		break;
656 	case 2:
657 		/* Enable this handler. */
658 		set_bit(Enabled, &e->flags);
659 		break;
660 	case 3:
661 		/* Delete this handler. */
662 		root = file_inode(file)->i_sb->s_root;
663 		inode_lock(d_inode(root));
664 
665 		kill_node(e);
666 
667 		inode_unlock(d_inode(root));
668 		break;
669 	default:
670 		return res;
671 	}
672 
673 	return count;
674 }
675 
676 static const struct file_operations bm_entry_operations = {
677 	.read		= bm_entry_read,
678 	.write		= bm_entry_write,
679 	.llseek		= default_llseek,
680 };
681 
682 /* /register */
683 
684 static ssize_t bm_register_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buffer,
685 			       size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
686 {
687 	Node *e;
688 	struct inode *inode;
689 	struct super_block *sb = file_inode(file)->i_sb;
690 	struct dentry *root = sb->s_root, *dentry;
691 	int err = 0;
692 
693 	e = create_entry(buffer, count);
694 
695 	if (IS_ERR(e))
696 		return PTR_ERR(e);
697 
698 	inode_lock(d_inode(root));
699 	dentry = lookup_one_len(e->name, root, strlen(e->name));
700 	err = PTR_ERR(dentry);
701 	if (IS_ERR(dentry))
702 		goto out;
703 
704 	err = -EEXIST;
705 	if (d_really_is_positive(dentry))
706 		goto out2;
707 
708 	inode = bm_get_inode(sb, S_IFREG | 0644);
709 
710 	err = -ENOMEM;
711 	if (!inode)
712 		goto out2;
713 
714 	err = simple_pin_fs(&bm_fs_type, &bm_mnt, &entry_count);
715 	if (err) {
716 		iput(inode);
717 		inode = NULL;
718 		goto out2;
719 	}
720 
721 	if (e->flags & MISC_FMT_OPEN_FILE) {
722 		struct file *f;
723 
724 		f = open_exec(e->interpreter);
725 		if (IS_ERR(f)) {
726 			err = PTR_ERR(f);
727 			pr_notice("register: failed to install interpreter file %s\n", e->interpreter);
728 			simple_release_fs(&bm_mnt, &entry_count);
729 			iput(inode);
730 			inode = NULL;
731 			goto out2;
732 		}
733 		e->interp_file = f;
734 	}
735 
736 	e->dentry = dget(dentry);
737 	inode->i_private = e;
738 	inode->i_fop = &bm_entry_operations;
739 
740 	d_instantiate(dentry, inode);
741 	write_lock(&entries_lock);
742 	list_add(&e->list, &entries);
743 	write_unlock(&entries_lock);
744 
745 	err = 0;
746 out2:
747 	dput(dentry);
748 out:
749 	inode_unlock(d_inode(root));
750 
751 	if (err) {
752 		kfree(e);
753 		return err;
754 	}
755 	return count;
756 }
757 
758 static const struct file_operations bm_register_operations = {
759 	.write		= bm_register_write,
760 	.llseek		= noop_llseek,
761 };
762 
763 /* /status */
764 
765 static ssize_t
766 bm_status_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf, size_t nbytes, loff_t *ppos)
767 {
768 	char *s = enabled ? "enabled\n" : "disabled\n";
769 
770 	return simple_read_from_buffer(buf, nbytes, ppos, s, strlen(s));
771 }
772 
773 static ssize_t bm_status_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buffer,
774 		size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
775 {
776 	int res = parse_command(buffer, count);
777 	struct dentry *root;
778 
779 	switch (res) {
780 	case 1:
781 		/* Disable all handlers. */
782 		enabled = 0;
783 		break;
784 	case 2:
785 		/* Enable all handlers. */
786 		enabled = 1;
787 		break;
788 	case 3:
789 		/* Delete all handlers. */
790 		root = file_inode(file)->i_sb->s_root;
791 		inode_lock(d_inode(root));
792 
793 		while (!list_empty(&entries))
794 			kill_node(list_entry(entries.next, Node, list));
795 
796 		inode_unlock(d_inode(root));
797 		break;
798 	default:
799 		return res;
800 	}
801 
802 	return count;
803 }
804 
805 static const struct file_operations bm_status_operations = {
806 	.read		= bm_status_read,
807 	.write		= bm_status_write,
808 	.llseek		= default_llseek,
809 };
810 
811 /* Superblock handling */
812 
813 static const struct super_operations s_ops = {
814 	.statfs		= simple_statfs,
815 	.evict_inode	= bm_evict_inode,
816 };
817 
818 static int bm_fill_super(struct super_block *sb, void *data, int silent)
819 {
820 	int err;
821 	static struct tree_descr bm_files[] = {
822 		[2] = {"status", &bm_status_operations, S_IWUSR|S_IRUGO},
823 		[3] = {"register", &bm_register_operations, S_IWUSR},
824 		/* last one */ {""}
825 	};
826 
827 	err = simple_fill_super(sb, BINFMTFS_MAGIC, bm_files);
828 	if (!err)
829 		sb->s_op = &s_ops;
830 	return err;
831 }
832 
833 static struct dentry *bm_mount(struct file_system_type *fs_type,
834 	int flags, const char *dev_name, void *data)
835 {
836 	return mount_single(fs_type, flags, data, bm_fill_super);
837 }
838 
839 static struct linux_binfmt misc_format = {
840 	.module = THIS_MODULE,
841 	.load_binary = load_misc_binary,
842 };
843 
844 static struct file_system_type bm_fs_type = {
845 	.owner		= THIS_MODULE,
846 	.name		= "binfmt_misc",
847 	.mount		= bm_mount,
848 	.kill_sb	= kill_litter_super,
849 };
850 MODULE_ALIAS_FS("binfmt_misc");
851 
852 static int __init init_misc_binfmt(void)
853 {
854 	int err = register_filesystem(&bm_fs_type);
855 	if (!err)
856 		insert_binfmt(&misc_format);
857 	return err;
858 }
859 
860 static void __exit exit_misc_binfmt(void)
861 {
862 	unregister_binfmt(&misc_format);
863 	unregister_filesystem(&bm_fs_type);
864 }
865 
866 core_initcall(init_misc_binfmt);
867 module_exit(exit_misc_binfmt);
868 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
869