xref: /linux/fs/bcachefs/journal.h (revision 268531be211f18c55f7ff5a1641d32c0fd0571cd)
1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
2 #ifndef _BCACHEFS_JOURNAL_H
3 #define _BCACHEFS_JOURNAL_H
4 
5 /*
6  * THE JOURNAL:
7  *
8  * The primary purpose of the journal is to log updates (insertions) to the
9  * b-tree, to avoid having to do synchronous updates to the b-tree on disk.
10  *
11  * Without the journal, the b-tree is always internally consistent on
12  * disk - and in fact, in the earliest incarnations bcache didn't have a journal
13  * but did handle unclean shutdowns by doing all index updates synchronously
14  * (with coalescing).
15  *
16  * Updates to interior nodes still happen synchronously and without the journal
17  * (for simplicity) - this may change eventually but updates to interior nodes
18  * are rare enough it's not a huge priority.
19  *
20  * This means the journal is relatively separate from the b-tree; it consists of
21  * just a list of keys and journal replay consists of just redoing those
22  * insertions in same order that they appear in the journal.
23  *
24  * PERSISTENCE:
25  *
26  * For synchronous updates (where we're waiting on the index update to hit
27  * disk), the journal entry will be written out immediately (or as soon as
28  * possible, if the write for the previous journal entry was still in flight).
29  *
30  * Synchronous updates are specified by passing a closure (@flush_cl) to
31  * bch2_btree_insert() or bch_btree_insert_node(), which then pass that parameter
32  * down to the journalling code. That closure will wait on the journal write to
33  * complete (via closure_wait()).
34  *
35  * If the index update wasn't synchronous, the journal entry will be
36  * written out after 10 ms have elapsed, by default (the delay_ms field
37  * in struct journal).
38  *
39  * JOURNAL ENTRIES:
40  *
41  * A journal entry is variable size (struct jset), it's got a fixed length
42  * header and then a variable number of struct jset_entry entries.
43  *
44  * Journal entries are identified by monotonically increasing 64 bit sequence
45  * numbers - jset->seq; other places in the code refer to this sequence number.
46  *
47  * A jset_entry entry contains one or more bkeys (which is what gets inserted
48  * into the b-tree). We need a container to indicate which b-tree the key is
49  * for; also, the roots of the various b-trees are stored in jset_entry entries
50  * (one for each b-tree) - this lets us add new b-tree types without changing
51  * the on disk format.
52  *
53  * We also keep some things in the journal header that are logically part of the
54  * superblock - all the things that are frequently updated. This is for future
55  * bcache on raw flash support; the superblock (which will become another
56  * journal) can't be moved or wear leveled, so it contains just enough
57  * information to find the main journal, and the superblock only has to be
58  * rewritten when we want to move/wear level the main journal.
59  *
60  * JOURNAL LAYOUT ON DISK:
61  *
62  * The journal is written to a ringbuffer of buckets (which is kept in the
63  * superblock); the individual buckets are not necessarily contiguous on disk
64  * which means that journal entries are not allowed to span buckets, but also
65  * that we can resize the journal at runtime if desired (unimplemented).
66  *
67  * The journal buckets exist in the same pool as all the other buckets that are
68  * managed by the allocator and garbage collection - garbage collection marks
69  * the journal buckets as metadata buckets.
70  *
71  * OPEN/DIRTY JOURNAL ENTRIES:
72  *
73  * Open/dirty journal entries are journal entries that contain b-tree updates
74  * that have not yet been written out to the b-tree on disk. We have to track
75  * which journal entries are dirty, and we also have to avoid wrapping around
76  * the journal and overwriting old but still dirty journal entries with new
77  * journal entries.
78  *
79  * On disk, this is represented with the "last_seq" field of struct jset;
80  * last_seq is the first sequence number that journal replay has to replay.
81  *
82  * To avoid overwriting dirty journal entries on disk, we keep a mapping (in
83  * journal_device->seq) of for each journal bucket, the highest sequence number
84  * any journal entry it contains. Then, by comparing that against last_seq we
85  * can determine whether that journal bucket contains dirty journal entries or
86  * not.
87  *
88  * To track which journal entries are dirty, we maintain a fifo of refcounts
89  * (where each entry corresponds to a specific sequence number) - when a ref
90  * goes to 0, that journal entry is no longer dirty.
91  *
92  * Journalling of index updates is done at the same time as the b-tree itself is
93  * being modified (see btree_insert_key()); when we add the key to the journal
94  * the pending b-tree write takes a ref on the journal entry the key was added
95  * to. If a pending b-tree write would need to take refs on multiple dirty
96  * journal entries, it only keeps the ref on the oldest one (since a newer
97  * journal entry will still be replayed if an older entry was dirty).
98  *
99  * JOURNAL FILLING UP:
100  *
101  * There are two ways the journal could fill up; either we could run out of
102  * space to write to, or we could have too many open journal entries and run out
103  * of room in the fifo of refcounts. Since those refcounts are decremented
104  * without any locking we can't safely resize that fifo, so we handle it the
105  * same way.
106  *
107  * If the journal fills up, we start flushing dirty btree nodes until we can
108  * allocate space for a journal write again - preferentially flushing btree
109  * nodes that are pinning the oldest journal entries first.
110  */
111 
112 #include <linux/hash.h>
113 
114 #include "journal_types.h"
115 
116 struct bch_fs;
117 
118 static inline void journal_wake(struct journal *j)
119 {
120 	wake_up(&j->wait);
121 	closure_wake_up(&j->async_wait);
122 	closure_wake_up(&j->preres_wait);
123 }
124 
125 static inline struct journal_buf *journal_cur_buf(struct journal *j)
126 {
127 	return j->buf + j->reservations.idx;
128 }
129 
130 /* Sequence number of oldest dirty journal entry */
131 
132 static inline u64 journal_last_seq(struct journal *j)
133 {
134 	return j->pin.front;
135 }
136 
137 static inline u64 journal_cur_seq(struct journal *j)
138 {
139 	return atomic64_read(&j->seq);
140 }
141 
142 static inline u64 journal_last_unwritten_seq(struct journal *j)
143 {
144 	return j->seq_ondisk + 1;
145 }
146 
147 static inline int journal_state_count(union journal_res_state s, int idx)
148 {
149 	switch (idx) {
150 	case 0: return s.buf0_count;
151 	case 1: return s.buf1_count;
152 	case 2: return s.buf2_count;
153 	case 3: return s.buf3_count;
154 	}
155 	BUG();
156 }
157 
158 static inline void journal_state_inc(union journal_res_state *s)
159 {
160 	s->buf0_count += s->idx == 0;
161 	s->buf1_count += s->idx == 1;
162 	s->buf2_count += s->idx == 2;
163 	s->buf3_count += s->idx == 3;
164 }
165 
166 /*
167  * Amount of space that will be taken up by some keys in the journal (i.e.
168  * including the jset header)
169  */
170 static inline unsigned jset_u64s(unsigned u64s)
171 {
172 	return u64s + sizeof(struct jset_entry) / sizeof(u64);
173 }
174 
175 static inline int journal_entry_overhead(struct journal *j)
176 {
177 	return sizeof(struct jset) / sizeof(u64) + j->entry_u64s_reserved;
178 }
179 
180 static inline struct jset_entry *
181 bch2_journal_add_entry_noreservation(struct journal_buf *buf, size_t u64s)
182 {
183 	struct jset *jset = buf->data;
184 	struct jset_entry *entry = vstruct_idx(jset, le32_to_cpu(jset->u64s));
185 
186 	memset(entry, 0, sizeof(*entry));
187 	entry->u64s = cpu_to_le16(u64s);
188 
189 	le32_add_cpu(&jset->u64s, jset_u64s(u64s));
190 
191 	return entry;
192 }
193 
194 static inline struct jset_entry *
195 journal_res_entry(struct journal *j, struct journal_res *res)
196 {
197 	return vstruct_idx(j->buf[res->idx].data, res->offset);
198 }
199 
200 static inline unsigned journal_entry_init(struct jset_entry *entry, unsigned type,
201 					  enum btree_id id, unsigned level,
202 					  unsigned u64s)
203 {
204 	entry->u64s	= cpu_to_le16(u64s);
205 	entry->btree_id = id;
206 	entry->level	= level;
207 	entry->type	= type;
208 	entry->pad[0]	= 0;
209 	entry->pad[1]	= 0;
210 	entry->pad[2]	= 0;
211 	return jset_u64s(u64s);
212 }
213 
214 static inline unsigned journal_entry_set(struct jset_entry *entry, unsigned type,
215 					  enum btree_id id, unsigned level,
216 					  const void *data, unsigned u64s)
217 {
218 	unsigned ret = journal_entry_init(entry, type, id, level, u64s);
219 
220 	memcpy_u64s_small(entry->_data, data, u64s);
221 	return ret;
222 }
223 
224 static inline struct jset_entry *
225 bch2_journal_add_entry(struct journal *j, struct journal_res *res,
226 			 unsigned type, enum btree_id id,
227 			 unsigned level, unsigned u64s)
228 {
229 	struct jset_entry *entry = journal_res_entry(j, res);
230 	unsigned actual = journal_entry_init(entry, type, id, level, u64s);
231 
232 	EBUG_ON(!res->ref);
233 	EBUG_ON(actual > res->u64s);
234 
235 	res->offset	+= actual;
236 	res->u64s	-= actual;
237 	return entry;
238 }
239 
240 static inline bool journal_entry_empty(struct jset *j)
241 {
242 	struct jset_entry *i;
243 
244 	if (j->seq != j->last_seq)
245 		return false;
246 
247 	vstruct_for_each(j, i)
248 		if (i->type == BCH_JSET_ENTRY_btree_keys && i->u64s)
249 			return false;
250 	return true;
251 }
252 
253 /*
254  * Drop reference on a buffer index and return true if the count has hit zero.
255  */
256 static inline union journal_res_state journal_state_buf_put(struct journal *j, unsigned idx)
257 {
258 	union journal_res_state s;
259 
260 	s.v = atomic64_sub_return(((union journal_res_state) {
261 				    .buf0_count = idx == 0,
262 				    .buf1_count = idx == 1,
263 				    .buf2_count = idx == 2,
264 				    .buf3_count = idx == 3,
265 				    }).v, &j->reservations.counter);
266 	return s;
267 }
268 
269 bool bch2_journal_entry_close(struct journal *);
270 void bch2_journal_buf_put_final(struct journal *, u64, bool);
271 
272 static inline void __bch2_journal_buf_put(struct journal *j, unsigned idx, u64 seq)
273 {
274 	union journal_res_state s;
275 
276 	s = journal_state_buf_put(j, idx);
277 	if (!journal_state_count(s, idx))
278 		bch2_journal_buf_put_final(j, seq, idx == s.unwritten_idx);
279 }
280 
281 static inline void bch2_journal_buf_put(struct journal *j, unsigned idx, u64 seq)
282 {
283 	union journal_res_state s;
284 
285 	s = journal_state_buf_put(j, idx);
286 	if (!journal_state_count(s, idx)) {
287 		spin_lock(&j->lock);
288 		bch2_journal_buf_put_final(j, seq, idx == s.unwritten_idx);
289 		spin_unlock(&j->lock);
290 	}
291 }
292 
293 /*
294  * This function releases the journal write structure so other threads can
295  * then proceed to add their keys as well.
296  */
297 static inline void bch2_journal_res_put(struct journal *j,
298 				       struct journal_res *res)
299 {
300 	if (!res->ref)
301 		return;
302 
303 	lock_release(&j->res_map, _THIS_IP_);
304 
305 	while (res->u64s)
306 		bch2_journal_add_entry(j, res,
307 				       BCH_JSET_ENTRY_btree_keys,
308 				       0, 0, 0);
309 
310 	bch2_journal_buf_put(j, res->idx, res->seq);
311 
312 	res->ref = 0;
313 }
314 
315 int bch2_journal_res_get_slowpath(struct journal *, struct journal_res *,
316 				  unsigned);
317 
318 /* First bits for BCH_WATERMARK: */
319 enum journal_res_flags {
320 	__JOURNAL_RES_GET_NONBLOCK	= BCH_WATERMARK_BITS,
321 	__JOURNAL_RES_GET_CHECK,
322 };
323 
324 #define JOURNAL_RES_GET_NONBLOCK	(1 << __JOURNAL_RES_GET_NONBLOCK)
325 #define JOURNAL_RES_GET_CHECK		(1 << __JOURNAL_RES_GET_CHECK)
326 
327 static inline int journal_res_get_fast(struct journal *j,
328 				       struct journal_res *res,
329 				       unsigned flags)
330 {
331 	union journal_res_state old, new;
332 	u64 v = atomic64_read(&j->reservations.counter);
333 
334 	do {
335 		old.v = new.v = v;
336 
337 		/*
338 		 * Check if there is still room in the current journal
339 		 * entry:
340 		 */
341 		if (new.cur_entry_offset + res->u64s > j->cur_entry_u64s)
342 			return 0;
343 
344 		EBUG_ON(!journal_state_count(new, new.idx));
345 
346 		if ((flags & BCH_WATERMARK_MASK) < j->watermark)
347 			return 0;
348 
349 		new.cur_entry_offset += res->u64s;
350 		journal_state_inc(&new);
351 
352 		/*
353 		 * If the refcount would overflow, we have to wait:
354 		 * XXX - tracepoint this:
355 		 */
356 		if (!journal_state_count(new, new.idx))
357 			return 0;
358 
359 		if (flags & JOURNAL_RES_GET_CHECK)
360 			return 1;
361 	} while ((v = atomic64_cmpxchg(&j->reservations.counter,
362 				       old.v, new.v)) != old.v);
363 
364 	res->ref	= true;
365 	res->idx	= old.idx;
366 	res->offset	= old.cur_entry_offset;
367 	res->seq	= le64_to_cpu(j->buf[old.idx].data->seq);
368 	return 1;
369 }
370 
371 static inline int bch2_journal_res_get(struct journal *j, struct journal_res *res,
372 				       unsigned u64s, unsigned flags)
373 {
374 	int ret;
375 
376 	EBUG_ON(res->ref);
377 	EBUG_ON(!test_bit(JOURNAL_STARTED, &j->flags));
378 
379 	res->u64s = u64s;
380 
381 	if (journal_res_get_fast(j, res, flags))
382 		goto out;
383 
384 	ret = bch2_journal_res_get_slowpath(j, res, flags);
385 	if (ret)
386 		return ret;
387 out:
388 	if (!(flags & JOURNAL_RES_GET_CHECK)) {
389 		lock_acquire_shared(&j->res_map, 0,
390 				    (flags & JOURNAL_RES_GET_NONBLOCK) != 0,
391 				    NULL, _THIS_IP_);
392 		EBUG_ON(!res->ref);
393 	}
394 	return 0;
395 }
396 
397 /* journal_entry_res: */
398 
399 void bch2_journal_entry_res_resize(struct journal *,
400 				   struct journal_entry_res *,
401 				   unsigned);
402 
403 int bch2_journal_flush_seq_async(struct journal *, u64, struct closure *);
404 void bch2_journal_flush_async(struct journal *, struct closure *);
405 
406 int bch2_journal_flush_seq(struct journal *, u64);
407 int bch2_journal_flush(struct journal *);
408 bool bch2_journal_noflush_seq(struct journal *, u64);
409 int bch2_journal_meta(struct journal *);
410 
411 void bch2_journal_halt(struct journal *);
412 
413 static inline int bch2_journal_error(struct journal *j)
414 {
415 	return j->reservations.cur_entry_offset == JOURNAL_ENTRY_ERROR_VAL
416 		? -EIO : 0;
417 }
418 
419 struct bch_dev;
420 
421 static inline void bch2_journal_set_replay_done(struct journal *j)
422 {
423 	BUG_ON(!test_bit(JOURNAL_STARTED, &j->flags));
424 	set_bit(JOURNAL_REPLAY_DONE, &j->flags);
425 }
426 
427 void bch2_journal_unblock(struct journal *);
428 void bch2_journal_block(struct journal *);
429 
430 void __bch2_journal_debug_to_text(struct printbuf *, struct journal *);
431 void bch2_journal_debug_to_text(struct printbuf *, struct journal *);
432 void bch2_journal_pins_to_text(struct printbuf *, struct journal *);
433 bool bch2_journal_seq_pins_to_text(struct printbuf *, struct journal *, u64 *);
434 
435 int bch2_set_nr_journal_buckets(struct bch_fs *, struct bch_dev *,
436 				unsigned nr);
437 int bch2_dev_journal_alloc(struct bch_dev *);
438 int bch2_fs_journal_alloc(struct bch_fs *);
439 
440 void bch2_dev_journal_stop(struct journal *, struct bch_dev *);
441 
442 void bch2_fs_journal_stop(struct journal *);
443 int bch2_fs_journal_start(struct journal *, u64);
444 
445 void bch2_dev_journal_exit(struct bch_dev *);
446 int bch2_dev_journal_init(struct bch_dev *, struct bch_sb *);
447 void bch2_fs_journal_exit(struct journal *);
448 int bch2_fs_journal_init(struct journal *);
449 
450 #endif /* _BCACHEFS_JOURNAL_H */
451