xref: /linux/drivers/virtio/virtio_balloon.c (revision d30cc16c8e48368e0518f4975a78711e53e14a0f)
1 /* Virtio balloon implementation, inspired by Dor Loar and Marcelo
2  * Tosatti's implementations.
3  *
4  *  Copyright 2008 Rusty Russell IBM Corporation
5  *
6  *  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
7  *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
8  *  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
9  *  (at your option) any later version.
10  *
11  *  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12  *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13  *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
14  *  GNU General Public License for more details.
15  *
16  *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
17  *  along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
18  *  Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
19  */
20 //#define DEBUG
21 #include <linux/virtio.h>
22 #include <linux/virtio_balloon.h>
23 #include <linux/swap.h>
24 #include <linux/kthread.h>
25 #include <linux/freezer.h>
26 #include <linux/delay.h>
27 #include <linux/slab.h>
28 #include <linux/module.h>
29 
30 struct virtio_balloon
31 {
32 	struct virtio_device *vdev;
33 	struct virtqueue *inflate_vq, *deflate_vq, *stats_vq;
34 
35 	/* Where the ballooning thread waits for config to change. */
36 	wait_queue_head_t config_change;
37 
38 	/* The thread servicing the balloon. */
39 	struct task_struct *thread;
40 
41 	/* Waiting for host to ack the pages we released. */
42 	struct completion acked;
43 
44 	/* The pages we've told the Host we're not using. */
45 	unsigned int num_pages;
46 	struct list_head pages;
47 
48 	/* The array of pfns we tell the Host about. */
49 	unsigned int num_pfns;
50 	u32 pfns[256];
51 
52 	/* Memory statistics */
53 	int need_stats_update;
54 	struct virtio_balloon_stat stats[VIRTIO_BALLOON_S_NR];
55 };
56 
57 static struct virtio_device_id id_table[] = {
58 	{ VIRTIO_ID_BALLOON, VIRTIO_DEV_ANY_ID },
59 	{ 0 },
60 };
61 
62 static u32 page_to_balloon_pfn(struct page *page)
63 {
64 	unsigned long pfn = page_to_pfn(page);
65 
66 	BUILD_BUG_ON(PAGE_SHIFT < VIRTIO_BALLOON_PFN_SHIFT);
67 	/* Convert pfn from Linux page size to balloon page size. */
68 	return pfn >> (PAGE_SHIFT - VIRTIO_BALLOON_PFN_SHIFT);
69 }
70 
71 static void balloon_ack(struct virtqueue *vq)
72 {
73 	struct virtio_balloon *vb;
74 	unsigned int len;
75 
76 	vb = virtqueue_get_buf(vq, &len);
77 	if (vb)
78 		complete(&vb->acked);
79 }
80 
81 static void tell_host(struct virtio_balloon *vb, struct virtqueue *vq)
82 {
83 	struct scatterlist sg;
84 
85 	sg_init_one(&sg, vb->pfns, sizeof(vb->pfns[0]) * vb->num_pfns);
86 
87 	init_completion(&vb->acked);
88 
89 	/* We should always be able to add one buffer to an empty queue. */
90 	if (virtqueue_add_buf(vq, &sg, 1, 0, vb) < 0)
91 		BUG();
92 	virtqueue_kick(vq);
93 
94 	/* When host has read buffer, this completes via balloon_ack */
95 	wait_for_completion(&vb->acked);
96 }
97 
98 static void fill_balloon(struct virtio_balloon *vb, size_t num)
99 {
100 	/* We can only do one array worth at a time. */
101 	num = min(num, ARRAY_SIZE(vb->pfns));
102 
103 	for (vb->num_pfns = 0; vb->num_pfns < num; vb->num_pfns++) {
104 		struct page *page = alloc_page(GFP_HIGHUSER | __GFP_NORETRY |
105 					__GFP_NOMEMALLOC | __GFP_NOWARN);
106 		if (!page) {
107 			if (printk_ratelimit())
108 				dev_printk(KERN_INFO, &vb->vdev->dev,
109 					   "Out of puff! Can't get %zu pages\n",
110 					   num);
111 			/* Sleep for at least 1/5 of a second before retry. */
112 			msleep(200);
113 			break;
114 		}
115 		vb->pfns[vb->num_pfns] = page_to_balloon_pfn(page);
116 		totalram_pages--;
117 		vb->num_pages++;
118 		list_add(&page->lru, &vb->pages);
119 	}
120 
121 	/* Didn't get any?  Oh well. */
122 	if (vb->num_pfns == 0)
123 		return;
124 
125 	tell_host(vb, vb->inflate_vq);
126 }
127 
128 static void release_pages_by_pfn(const u32 pfns[], unsigned int num)
129 {
130 	unsigned int i;
131 
132 	for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
133 		__free_page(pfn_to_page(pfns[i]));
134 		totalram_pages++;
135 	}
136 }
137 
138 static void leak_balloon(struct virtio_balloon *vb, size_t num)
139 {
140 	struct page *page;
141 
142 	/* We can only do one array worth at a time. */
143 	num = min(num, ARRAY_SIZE(vb->pfns));
144 
145 	for (vb->num_pfns = 0; vb->num_pfns < num; vb->num_pfns++) {
146 		page = list_first_entry(&vb->pages, struct page, lru);
147 		list_del(&page->lru);
148 		vb->pfns[vb->num_pfns] = page_to_balloon_pfn(page);
149 		vb->num_pages--;
150 	}
151 
152 
153 	/*
154 	 * Note that if
155 	 * virtio_has_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_BALLOON_F_MUST_TELL_HOST);
156 	 * is true, we *have* to do it in this order
157 	 */
158 	tell_host(vb, vb->deflate_vq);
159 	release_pages_by_pfn(vb->pfns, vb->num_pfns);
160 }
161 
162 static inline void update_stat(struct virtio_balloon *vb, int idx,
163 			       u16 tag, u64 val)
164 {
165 	BUG_ON(idx >= VIRTIO_BALLOON_S_NR);
166 	vb->stats[idx].tag = tag;
167 	vb->stats[idx].val = val;
168 }
169 
170 #define pages_to_bytes(x) ((u64)(x) << PAGE_SHIFT)
171 
172 static void update_balloon_stats(struct virtio_balloon *vb)
173 {
174 	unsigned long events[NR_VM_EVENT_ITEMS];
175 	struct sysinfo i;
176 	int idx = 0;
177 
178 	all_vm_events(events);
179 	si_meminfo(&i);
180 
181 	update_stat(vb, idx++, VIRTIO_BALLOON_S_SWAP_IN,
182 				pages_to_bytes(events[PSWPIN]));
183 	update_stat(vb, idx++, VIRTIO_BALLOON_S_SWAP_OUT,
184 				pages_to_bytes(events[PSWPOUT]));
185 	update_stat(vb, idx++, VIRTIO_BALLOON_S_MAJFLT, events[PGMAJFAULT]);
186 	update_stat(vb, idx++, VIRTIO_BALLOON_S_MINFLT, events[PGFAULT]);
187 	update_stat(vb, idx++, VIRTIO_BALLOON_S_MEMFREE,
188 				pages_to_bytes(i.freeram));
189 	update_stat(vb, idx++, VIRTIO_BALLOON_S_MEMTOT,
190 				pages_to_bytes(i.totalram));
191 }
192 
193 /*
194  * While most virtqueues communicate guest-initiated requests to the hypervisor,
195  * the stats queue operates in reverse.  The driver initializes the virtqueue
196  * with a single buffer.  From that point forward, all conversations consist of
197  * a hypervisor request (a call to this function) which directs us to refill
198  * the virtqueue with a fresh stats buffer.  Since stats collection can sleep,
199  * we notify our kthread which does the actual work via stats_handle_request().
200  */
201 static void stats_request(struct virtqueue *vq)
202 {
203 	struct virtio_balloon *vb;
204 	unsigned int len;
205 
206 	vb = virtqueue_get_buf(vq, &len);
207 	if (!vb)
208 		return;
209 	vb->need_stats_update = 1;
210 	wake_up(&vb->config_change);
211 }
212 
213 static void stats_handle_request(struct virtio_balloon *vb)
214 {
215 	struct virtqueue *vq;
216 	struct scatterlist sg;
217 
218 	vb->need_stats_update = 0;
219 	update_balloon_stats(vb);
220 
221 	vq = vb->stats_vq;
222 	sg_init_one(&sg, vb->stats, sizeof(vb->stats));
223 	if (virtqueue_add_buf(vq, &sg, 1, 0, vb) < 0)
224 		BUG();
225 	virtqueue_kick(vq);
226 }
227 
228 static void virtballoon_changed(struct virtio_device *vdev)
229 {
230 	struct virtio_balloon *vb = vdev->priv;
231 
232 	wake_up(&vb->config_change);
233 }
234 
235 static inline s64 towards_target(struct virtio_balloon *vb)
236 {
237 	u32 v;
238 	vb->vdev->config->get(vb->vdev,
239 			      offsetof(struct virtio_balloon_config, num_pages),
240 			      &v, sizeof(v));
241 	return (s64)v - vb->num_pages;
242 }
243 
244 static void update_balloon_size(struct virtio_balloon *vb)
245 {
246 	__le32 actual = cpu_to_le32(vb->num_pages);
247 
248 	vb->vdev->config->set(vb->vdev,
249 			      offsetof(struct virtio_balloon_config, actual),
250 			      &actual, sizeof(actual));
251 }
252 
253 static int balloon(void *_vballoon)
254 {
255 	struct virtio_balloon *vb = _vballoon;
256 
257 	set_freezable();
258 	while (!kthread_should_stop()) {
259 		s64 diff;
260 
261 		try_to_freeze();
262 		wait_event_interruptible(vb->config_change,
263 					 (diff = towards_target(vb)) != 0
264 					 || vb->need_stats_update
265 					 || kthread_should_stop()
266 					 || freezing(current));
267 		if (vb->need_stats_update)
268 			stats_handle_request(vb);
269 		if (diff > 0)
270 			fill_balloon(vb, diff);
271 		else if (diff < 0)
272 			leak_balloon(vb, -diff);
273 		update_balloon_size(vb);
274 	}
275 	return 0;
276 }
277 
278 static int virtballoon_probe(struct virtio_device *vdev)
279 {
280 	struct virtio_balloon *vb;
281 	struct virtqueue *vqs[3];
282 	vq_callback_t *callbacks[] = { balloon_ack, balloon_ack, stats_request };
283 	const char *names[] = { "inflate", "deflate", "stats" };
284 	int err, nvqs;
285 
286 	vdev->priv = vb = kmalloc(sizeof(*vb), GFP_KERNEL);
287 	if (!vb) {
288 		err = -ENOMEM;
289 		goto out;
290 	}
291 
292 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&vb->pages);
293 	vb->num_pages = 0;
294 	init_waitqueue_head(&vb->config_change);
295 	vb->vdev = vdev;
296 	vb->need_stats_update = 0;
297 
298 	/* We expect two virtqueues: inflate and deflate,
299 	 * and optionally stat. */
300 	nvqs = virtio_has_feature(vb->vdev, VIRTIO_BALLOON_F_STATS_VQ) ? 3 : 2;
301 	err = vdev->config->find_vqs(vdev, nvqs, vqs, callbacks, names);
302 	if (err)
303 		goto out_free_vb;
304 
305 	vb->inflate_vq = vqs[0];
306 	vb->deflate_vq = vqs[1];
307 	if (virtio_has_feature(vb->vdev, VIRTIO_BALLOON_F_STATS_VQ)) {
308 		struct scatterlist sg;
309 		vb->stats_vq = vqs[2];
310 
311 		/*
312 		 * Prime this virtqueue with one buffer so the hypervisor can
313 		 * use it to signal us later.
314 		 */
315 		sg_init_one(&sg, vb->stats, sizeof vb->stats);
316 		if (virtqueue_add_buf(vb->stats_vq, &sg, 1, 0, vb) < 0)
317 			BUG();
318 		virtqueue_kick(vb->stats_vq);
319 	}
320 
321 	vb->thread = kthread_run(balloon, vb, "vballoon");
322 	if (IS_ERR(vb->thread)) {
323 		err = PTR_ERR(vb->thread);
324 		goto out_del_vqs;
325 	}
326 
327 	return 0;
328 
329 out_del_vqs:
330 	vdev->config->del_vqs(vdev);
331 out_free_vb:
332 	kfree(vb);
333 out:
334 	return err;
335 }
336 
337 static void __devexit virtballoon_remove(struct virtio_device *vdev)
338 {
339 	struct virtio_balloon *vb = vdev->priv;
340 
341 	kthread_stop(vb->thread);
342 
343 	/* There might be pages left in the balloon: free them. */
344 	while (vb->num_pages)
345 		leak_balloon(vb, vb->num_pages);
346 
347 	/* Now we reset the device so we can clean up the queues. */
348 	vdev->config->reset(vdev);
349 
350 	vdev->config->del_vqs(vdev);
351 	kfree(vb);
352 }
353 
354 static unsigned int features[] = {
355 	VIRTIO_BALLOON_F_MUST_TELL_HOST,
356 	VIRTIO_BALLOON_F_STATS_VQ,
357 };
358 
359 static struct virtio_driver virtio_balloon_driver = {
360 	.feature_table = features,
361 	.feature_table_size = ARRAY_SIZE(features),
362 	.driver.name =	KBUILD_MODNAME,
363 	.driver.owner =	THIS_MODULE,
364 	.id_table =	id_table,
365 	.probe =	virtballoon_probe,
366 	.remove =	__devexit_p(virtballoon_remove),
367 	.config_changed = virtballoon_changed,
368 };
369 
370 static int __init init(void)
371 {
372 	return register_virtio_driver(&virtio_balloon_driver);
373 }
374 
375 static void __exit fini(void)
376 {
377 	unregister_virtio_driver(&virtio_balloon_driver);
378 }
379 module_init(init);
380 module_exit(fini);
381 
382 MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(virtio, id_table);
383 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Virtio balloon driver");
384 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
385