xref: /linux/drivers/virtio/virtio.c (revision 173b0b5b0e865348684c02bd9cb1d22b5d46e458)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 #include <linux/virtio.h>
3 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
4 #include <linux/virtio_config.h>
5 #include <linux/virtio_anchor.h>
6 #include <linux/module.h>
7 #include <linux/idr.h>
8 #include <linux/of.h>
9 #include <uapi/linux/virtio_ids.h>
10 
11 /* Unique numbering for virtio devices. */
12 static DEFINE_IDA(virtio_index_ida);
13 
14 static ssize_t device_show(struct device *_d,
15 			   struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
16 {
17 	struct virtio_device *dev = dev_to_virtio(_d);
18 	return sysfs_emit(buf, "0x%04x\n", dev->id.device);
19 }
20 static DEVICE_ATTR_RO(device);
21 
22 static ssize_t vendor_show(struct device *_d,
23 			   struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
24 {
25 	struct virtio_device *dev = dev_to_virtio(_d);
26 	return sysfs_emit(buf, "0x%04x\n", dev->id.vendor);
27 }
28 static DEVICE_ATTR_RO(vendor);
29 
30 static ssize_t status_show(struct device *_d,
31 			   struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
32 {
33 	struct virtio_device *dev = dev_to_virtio(_d);
34 	return sysfs_emit(buf, "0x%08x\n", dev->config->get_status(dev));
35 }
36 static DEVICE_ATTR_RO(status);
37 
38 static ssize_t modalias_show(struct device *_d,
39 			     struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
40 {
41 	struct virtio_device *dev = dev_to_virtio(_d);
42 	return sysfs_emit(buf, "virtio:d%08Xv%08X\n",
43 		       dev->id.device, dev->id.vendor);
44 }
45 static DEVICE_ATTR_RO(modalias);
46 
47 static ssize_t features_show(struct device *_d,
48 			     struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
49 {
50 	struct virtio_device *dev = dev_to_virtio(_d);
51 	unsigned int i;
52 	ssize_t len = 0;
53 
54 	/* We actually represent this as a bitstring, as it could be
55 	 * arbitrary length in future. */
56 	for (i = 0; i < sizeof(dev->features)*8; i++)
57 		len += sysfs_emit_at(buf, len, "%c",
58 			       __virtio_test_bit(dev, i) ? '1' : '0');
59 	len += sysfs_emit_at(buf, len, "\n");
60 	return len;
61 }
62 static DEVICE_ATTR_RO(features);
63 
64 static struct attribute *virtio_dev_attrs[] = {
65 	&dev_attr_device.attr,
66 	&dev_attr_vendor.attr,
67 	&dev_attr_status.attr,
68 	&dev_attr_modalias.attr,
69 	&dev_attr_features.attr,
70 	NULL,
71 };
72 ATTRIBUTE_GROUPS(virtio_dev);
73 
74 static inline int virtio_id_match(const struct virtio_device *dev,
75 				  const struct virtio_device_id *id)
76 {
77 	if (id->device != dev->id.device && id->device != VIRTIO_DEV_ANY_ID)
78 		return 0;
79 
80 	return id->vendor == VIRTIO_DEV_ANY_ID || id->vendor == dev->id.vendor;
81 }
82 
83 /* This looks through all the IDs a driver claims to support.  If any of them
84  * match, we return 1 and the kernel will call virtio_dev_probe(). */
85 static int virtio_dev_match(struct device *_dv, struct device_driver *_dr)
86 {
87 	unsigned int i;
88 	struct virtio_device *dev = dev_to_virtio(_dv);
89 	const struct virtio_device_id *ids;
90 
91 	ids = drv_to_virtio(_dr)->id_table;
92 	for (i = 0; ids[i].device; i++)
93 		if (virtio_id_match(dev, &ids[i]))
94 			return 1;
95 	return 0;
96 }
97 
98 static int virtio_uevent(const struct device *_dv, struct kobj_uevent_env *env)
99 {
100 	const struct virtio_device *dev = dev_to_virtio(_dv);
101 
102 	return add_uevent_var(env, "MODALIAS=virtio:d%08Xv%08X",
103 			      dev->id.device, dev->id.vendor);
104 }
105 
106 void virtio_check_driver_offered_feature(const struct virtio_device *vdev,
107 					 unsigned int fbit)
108 {
109 	unsigned int i;
110 	struct virtio_driver *drv = drv_to_virtio(vdev->dev.driver);
111 
112 	for (i = 0; i < drv->feature_table_size; i++)
113 		if (drv->feature_table[i] == fbit)
114 			return;
115 
116 	if (drv->feature_table_legacy) {
117 		for (i = 0; i < drv->feature_table_size_legacy; i++)
118 			if (drv->feature_table_legacy[i] == fbit)
119 				return;
120 	}
121 
122 	BUG();
123 }
124 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(virtio_check_driver_offered_feature);
125 
126 static void __virtio_config_changed(struct virtio_device *dev)
127 {
128 	struct virtio_driver *drv = drv_to_virtio(dev->dev.driver);
129 
130 	if (!dev->config_enabled)
131 		dev->config_change_pending = true;
132 	else if (drv && drv->config_changed)
133 		drv->config_changed(dev);
134 }
135 
136 void virtio_config_changed(struct virtio_device *dev)
137 {
138 	unsigned long flags;
139 
140 	spin_lock_irqsave(&dev->config_lock, flags);
141 	__virtio_config_changed(dev);
142 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dev->config_lock, flags);
143 }
144 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(virtio_config_changed);
145 
146 static void virtio_config_disable(struct virtio_device *dev)
147 {
148 	spin_lock_irq(&dev->config_lock);
149 	dev->config_enabled = false;
150 	spin_unlock_irq(&dev->config_lock);
151 }
152 
153 static void virtio_config_enable(struct virtio_device *dev)
154 {
155 	spin_lock_irq(&dev->config_lock);
156 	dev->config_enabled = true;
157 	if (dev->config_change_pending)
158 		__virtio_config_changed(dev);
159 	dev->config_change_pending = false;
160 	spin_unlock_irq(&dev->config_lock);
161 }
162 
163 void virtio_add_status(struct virtio_device *dev, unsigned int status)
164 {
165 	might_sleep();
166 	dev->config->set_status(dev, dev->config->get_status(dev) | status);
167 }
168 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(virtio_add_status);
169 
170 /* Do some validation, then set FEATURES_OK */
171 static int virtio_features_ok(struct virtio_device *dev)
172 {
173 	unsigned int status;
174 
175 	might_sleep();
176 
177 	if (virtio_check_mem_acc_cb(dev)) {
178 		if (!virtio_has_feature(dev, VIRTIO_F_VERSION_1)) {
179 			dev_warn(&dev->dev,
180 				 "device must provide VIRTIO_F_VERSION_1\n");
181 			return -ENODEV;
182 		}
183 
184 		if (!virtio_has_feature(dev, VIRTIO_F_ACCESS_PLATFORM)) {
185 			dev_warn(&dev->dev,
186 				 "device must provide VIRTIO_F_ACCESS_PLATFORM\n");
187 			return -ENODEV;
188 		}
189 	}
190 
191 	if (!virtio_has_feature(dev, VIRTIO_F_VERSION_1))
192 		return 0;
193 
194 	virtio_add_status(dev, VIRTIO_CONFIG_S_FEATURES_OK);
195 	status = dev->config->get_status(dev);
196 	if (!(status & VIRTIO_CONFIG_S_FEATURES_OK)) {
197 		dev_err(&dev->dev, "virtio: device refuses features: %x\n",
198 			status);
199 		return -ENODEV;
200 	}
201 	return 0;
202 }
203 
204 /**
205  * virtio_reset_device - quiesce device for removal
206  * @dev: the device to reset
207  *
208  * Prevents device from sending interrupts and accessing memory.
209  *
210  * Generally used for cleanup during driver / device removal.
211  *
212  * Once this has been invoked, caller must ensure that
213  * virtqueue_notify / virtqueue_kick are not in progress.
214  *
215  * Note: this guarantees that vq callbacks are not in progress, however caller
216  * is responsible for preventing access from other contexts, such as a system
217  * call/workqueue/bh.  Invoking virtio_break_device then flushing any such
218  * contexts is one way to handle that.
219  * */
220 void virtio_reset_device(struct virtio_device *dev)
221 {
222 #ifdef CONFIG_VIRTIO_HARDEN_NOTIFICATION
223 	/*
224 	 * The below virtio_synchronize_cbs() guarantees that any
225 	 * interrupt for this line arriving after
226 	 * virtio_synchronize_vqs() has completed is guaranteed to see
227 	 * vq->broken as true.
228 	 */
229 	virtio_break_device(dev);
230 	virtio_synchronize_cbs(dev);
231 #endif
232 
233 	dev->config->reset(dev);
234 }
235 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(virtio_reset_device);
236 
237 static int virtio_dev_probe(struct device *_d)
238 {
239 	int err, i;
240 	struct virtio_device *dev = dev_to_virtio(_d);
241 	struct virtio_driver *drv = drv_to_virtio(dev->dev.driver);
242 	u64 device_features;
243 	u64 driver_features;
244 	u64 driver_features_legacy;
245 
246 	/* We have a driver! */
247 	virtio_add_status(dev, VIRTIO_CONFIG_S_DRIVER);
248 
249 	/* Figure out what features the device supports. */
250 	device_features = dev->config->get_features(dev);
251 
252 	/* Figure out what features the driver supports. */
253 	driver_features = 0;
254 	for (i = 0; i < drv->feature_table_size; i++) {
255 		unsigned int f = drv->feature_table[i];
256 		BUG_ON(f >= 64);
257 		driver_features |= (1ULL << f);
258 	}
259 
260 	/* Some drivers have a separate feature table for virtio v1.0 */
261 	if (drv->feature_table_legacy) {
262 		driver_features_legacy = 0;
263 		for (i = 0; i < drv->feature_table_size_legacy; i++) {
264 			unsigned int f = drv->feature_table_legacy[i];
265 			BUG_ON(f >= 64);
266 			driver_features_legacy |= (1ULL << f);
267 		}
268 	} else {
269 		driver_features_legacy = driver_features;
270 	}
271 
272 	if (device_features & (1ULL << VIRTIO_F_VERSION_1))
273 		dev->features = driver_features & device_features;
274 	else
275 		dev->features = driver_features_legacy & device_features;
276 
277 	/* Transport features always preserved to pass to finalize_features. */
278 	for (i = VIRTIO_TRANSPORT_F_START; i < VIRTIO_TRANSPORT_F_END; i++)
279 		if (device_features & (1ULL << i))
280 			__virtio_set_bit(dev, i);
281 
282 	err = dev->config->finalize_features(dev);
283 	if (err)
284 		goto err;
285 
286 	if (drv->validate) {
287 		u64 features = dev->features;
288 
289 		err = drv->validate(dev);
290 		if (err)
291 			goto err;
292 
293 		/* Did validation change any features? Then write them again. */
294 		if (features != dev->features) {
295 			err = dev->config->finalize_features(dev);
296 			if (err)
297 				goto err;
298 		}
299 	}
300 
301 	err = virtio_features_ok(dev);
302 	if (err)
303 		goto err;
304 
305 	if (dev->config->create_avq) {
306 		err = dev->config->create_avq(dev);
307 		if (err)
308 			goto err;
309 	}
310 
311 	err = drv->probe(dev);
312 	if (err)
313 		goto err_probe;
314 
315 	/* If probe didn't do it, mark device DRIVER_OK ourselves. */
316 	if (!(dev->config->get_status(dev) & VIRTIO_CONFIG_S_DRIVER_OK))
317 		virtio_device_ready(dev);
318 
319 	if (drv->scan)
320 		drv->scan(dev);
321 
322 	virtio_config_enable(dev);
323 
324 	return 0;
325 
326 err_probe:
327 	if (dev->config->destroy_avq)
328 		dev->config->destroy_avq(dev);
329 err:
330 	virtio_add_status(dev, VIRTIO_CONFIG_S_FAILED);
331 	return err;
332 
333 }
334 
335 static void virtio_dev_remove(struct device *_d)
336 {
337 	struct virtio_device *dev = dev_to_virtio(_d);
338 	struct virtio_driver *drv = drv_to_virtio(dev->dev.driver);
339 
340 	virtio_config_disable(dev);
341 
342 	drv->remove(dev);
343 
344 	if (dev->config->destroy_avq)
345 		dev->config->destroy_avq(dev);
346 
347 	/* Driver should have reset device. */
348 	WARN_ON_ONCE(dev->config->get_status(dev));
349 
350 	/* Acknowledge the device's existence again. */
351 	virtio_add_status(dev, VIRTIO_CONFIG_S_ACKNOWLEDGE);
352 
353 	of_node_put(dev->dev.of_node);
354 }
355 
356 static const struct bus_type virtio_bus = {
357 	.name  = "virtio",
358 	.match = virtio_dev_match,
359 	.dev_groups = virtio_dev_groups,
360 	.uevent = virtio_uevent,
361 	.probe = virtio_dev_probe,
362 	.remove = virtio_dev_remove,
363 };
364 
365 int __register_virtio_driver(struct virtio_driver *driver, struct module *owner)
366 {
367 	/* Catch this early. */
368 	BUG_ON(driver->feature_table_size && !driver->feature_table);
369 	driver->driver.bus = &virtio_bus;
370 	driver->driver.owner = owner;
371 
372 	return driver_register(&driver->driver);
373 }
374 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__register_virtio_driver);
375 
376 void unregister_virtio_driver(struct virtio_driver *driver)
377 {
378 	driver_unregister(&driver->driver);
379 }
380 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(unregister_virtio_driver);
381 
382 static int virtio_device_of_init(struct virtio_device *dev)
383 {
384 	struct device_node *np, *pnode = dev_of_node(dev->dev.parent);
385 	char compat[] = "virtio,deviceXXXXXXXX";
386 	int ret, count;
387 
388 	if (!pnode)
389 		return 0;
390 
391 	count = of_get_available_child_count(pnode);
392 	if (!count)
393 		return 0;
394 
395 	/* There can be only 1 child node */
396 	if (WARN_ON(count > 1))
397 		return -EINVAL;
398 
399 	np = of_get_next_available_child(pnode, NULL);
400 	if (WARN_ON(!np))
401 		return -ENODEV;
402 
403 	ret = snprintf(compat, sizeof(compat), "virtio,device%x", dev->id.device);
404 	BUG_ON(ret >= sizeof(compat));
405 
406 	/*
407 	 * On powerpc/pseries virtio devices are PCI devices so PCI
408 	 * vendor/device ids play the role of the "compatible" property.
409 	 * Simply don't init of_node in this case.
410 	 */
411 	if (!of_device_is_compatible(np, compat)) {
412 		ret = 0;
413 		goto out;
414 	}
415 
416 	dev->dev.of_node = np;
417 	return 0;
418 
419 out:
420 	of_node_put(np);
421 	return ret;
422 }
423 
424 /**
425  * register_virtio_device - register virtio device
426  * @dev        : virtio device to be registered
427  *
428  * On error, the caller must call put_device on &@dev->dev (and not kfree),
429  * as another code path may have obtained a reference to @dev.
430  *
431  * Returns: 0 on suceess, -error on failure
432  */
433 int register_virtio_device(struct virtio_device *dev)
434 {
435 	int err;
436 
437 	dev->dev.bus = &virtio_bus;
438 	device_initialize(&dev->dev);
439 
440 	/* Assign a unique device index and hence name. */
441 	err = ida_alloc(&virtio_index_ida, GFP_KERNEL);
442 	if (err < 0)
443 		goto out;
444 
445 	dev->index = err;
446 	err = dev_set_name(&dev->dev, "virtio%u", dev->index);
447 	if (err)
448 		goto out_ida_remove;
449 
450 	err = virtio_device_of_init(dev);
451 	if (err)
452 		goto out_ida_remove;
453 
454 	spin_lock_init(&dev->config_lock);
455 	dev->config_enabled = false;
456 	dev->config_change_pending = false;
457 
458 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&dev->vqs);
459 	spin_lock_init(&dev->vqs_list_lock);
460 
461 	/* We always start by resetting the device, in case a previous
462 	 * driver messed it up.  This also tests that code path a little. */
463 	virtio_reset_device(dev);
464 
465 	/* Acknowledge that we've seen the device. */
466 	virtio_add_status(dev, VIRTIO_CONFIG_S_ACKNOWLEDGE);
467 
468 	/*
469 	 * device_add() causes the bus infrastructure to look for a matching
470 	 * driver.
471 	 */
472 	err = device_add(&dev->dev);
473 	if (err)
474 		goto out_of_node_put;
475 
476 	return 0;
477 
478 out_of_node_put:
479 	of_node_put(dev->dev.of_node);
480 out_ida_remove:
481 	ida_free(&virtio_index_ida, dev->index);
482 out:
483 	virtio_add_status(dev, VIRTIO_CONFIG_S_FAILED);
484 	return err;
485 }
486 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(register_virtio_device);
487 
488 bool is_virtio_device(struct device *dev)
489 {
490 	return dev->bus == &virtio_bus;
491 }
492 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(is_virtio_device);
493 
494 void unregister_virtio_device(struct virtio_device *dev)
495 {
496 	int index = dev->index; /* save for after device release */
497 
498 	device_unregister(&dev->dev);
499 	ida_free(&virtio_index_ida, index);
500 }
501 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(unregister_virtio_device);
502 
503 #ifdef CONFIG_PM_SLEEP
504 int virtio_device_freeze(struct virtio_device *dev)
505 {
506 	struct virtio_driver *drv = drv_to_virtio(dev->dev.driver);
507 	int ret;
508 
509 	virtio_config_disable(dev);
510 
511 	dev->failed = dev->config->get_status(dev) & VIRTIO_CONFIG_S_FAILED;
512 
513 	if (drv && drv->freeze) {
514 		ret = drv->freeze(dev);
515 		if (ret) {
516 			virtio_config_enable(dev);
517 			return ret;
518 		}
519 	}
520 
521 	if (dev->config->destroy_avq)
522 		dev->config->destroy_avq(dev);
523 
524 	return 0;
525 }
526 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(virtio_device_freeze);
527 
528 int virtio_device_restore(struct virtio_device *dev)
529 {
530 	struct virtio_driver *drv = drv_to_virtio(dev->dev.driver);
531 	int ret;
532 
533 	/* We always start by resetting the device, in case a previous
534 	 * driver messed it up. */
535 	virtio_reset_device(dev);
536 
537 	/* Acknowledge that we've seen the device. */
538 	virtio_add_status(dev, VIRTIO_CONFIG_S_ACKNOWLEDGE);
539 
540 	/* Maybe driver failed before freeze.
541 	 * Restore the failed status, for debugging. */
542 	if (dev->failed)
543 		virtio_add_status(dev, VIRTIO_CONFIG_S_FAILED);
544 
545 	if (!drv)
546 		return 0;
547 
548 	/* We have a driver! */
549 	virtio_add_status(dev, VIRTIO_CONFIG_S_DRIVER);
550 
551 	ret = dev->config->finalize_features(dev);
552 	if (ret)
553 		goto err;
554 
555 	ret = virtio_features_ok(dev);
556 	if (ret)
557 		goto err;
558 
559 	if (dev->config->create_avq) {
560 		ret = dev->config->create_avq(dev);
561 		if (ret)
562 			goto err;
563 	}
564 
565 	if (drv->restore) {
566 		ret = drv->restore(dev);
567 		if (ret)
568 			goto err_restore;
569 	}
570 
571 	/* If restore didn't do it, mark device DRIVER_OK ourselves. */
572 	if (!(dev->config->get_status(dev) & VIRTIO_CONFIG_S_DRIVER_OK))
573 		virtio_device_ready(dev);
574 
575 	virtio_config_enable(dev);
576 
577 	return 0;
578 
579 err_restore:
580 	if (dev->config->destroy_avq)
581 		dev->config->destroy_avq(dev);
582 err:
583 	virtio_add_status(dev, VIRTIO_CONFIG_S_FAILED);
584 	return ret;
585 }
586 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(virtio_device_restore);
587 #endif
588 
589 static int virtio_init(void)
590 {
591 	if (bus_register(&virtio_bus) != 0)
592 		panic("virtio bus registration failed");
593 	return 0;
594 }
595 
596 static void __exit virtio_exit(void)
597 {
598 	bus_unregister(&virtio_bus);
599 	ida_destroy(&virtio_index_ida);
600 }
601 core_initcall(virtio_init);
602 module_exit(virtio_exit);
603 
604 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
605