xref: /linux/drivers/usb/gadget/function/f_subset.c (revision ca55b2fef3a9373fcfc30f82fd26bc7fccbda732)
1 /*
2  * f_subset.c -- "CDC Subset" Ethernet link function driver
3  *
4  * Copyright (C) 2003-2005,2008 David Brownell
5  * Copyright (C) 2008 Nokia Corporation
6  *
7  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9  * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
10  * (at your option) any later version.
11  */
12 
13 #include <linux/slab.h>
14 #include <linux/kernel.h>
15 #include <linux/module.h>
16 #include <linux/device.h>
17 #include <linux/etherdevice.h>
18 
19 #include "u_ether.h"
20 #include "u_ether_configfs.h"
21 #include "u_gether.h"
22 
23 /*
24  * This function packages a simple "CDC Subset" Ethernet port with no real
25  * control mechanisms; just raw data transfer over two bulk endpoints.
26  * The data transfer model is exactly that of CDC Ethernet, which is
27  * why we call it the "CDC Subset".
28  *
29  * Because it's not standardized, this has some interoperability issues.
30  * They mostly relate to driver binding, since the data transfer model is
31  * so simple (CDC Ethernet).  The original versions of this protocol used
32  * specific product/vendor IDs:  byteswapped IDs for Digital Equipment's
33  * SA-1100 "Itsy" board, which could run Linux 2.4 kernels and supported
34  * daughtercards with USB peripheral connectors.  (It was used more often
35  * with other boards, using the Itsy identifiers.)  Linux hosts recognized
36  * this with CONFIG_USB_ARMLINUX; these devices have only one configuration
37  * and one interface.
38  *
39  * At some point, MCCI defined a (nonconformant) CDC MDLM variant called
40  * "SAFE", which happens to have a mode which is identical to the "CDC
41  * Subset" in terms of data transfer and lack of control model.  This was
42  * adopted by later Sharp Zaurus models, and by some other software which
43  * Linux hosts recognize with CONFIG_USB_NET_ZAURUS.
44  *
45  * Because Microsoft's RNDIS drivers are far from robust, we added a few
46  * descriptors to the CDC Subset code, making this code look like a SAFE
47  * implementation.  This lets you use MCCI's host side MS-Windows drivers
48  * if you get fed up with RNDIS.  It also makes it easier for composite
49  * drivers to work, since they can use class based binding instead of
50  * caring about specific product and vendor IDs.
51  */
52 
53 struct f_gether {
54 	struct gether			port;
55 
56 	char				ethaddr[14];
57 };
58 
59 static inline struct f_gether *func_to_geth(struct usb_function *f)
60 {
61 	return container_of(f, struct f_gether, port.func);
62 }
63 
64 /*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
65 
66 /*
67  * "Simple" CDC-subset option is a simple vendor-neutral model that most
68  * full speed controllers can handle:  one interface, two bulk endpoints.
69  * To assist host side drivers, we fancy it up a bit, and add descriptors so
70  * some host side drivers will understand it as a "SAFE" variant.
71  *
72  * "SAFE" loosely follows CDC WMC MDLM, violating the spec in various ways.
73  * Data endpoints live in the control interface, there's no data interface.
74  * And it's not used to talk to a cell phone radio.
75  */
76 
77 /* interface descriptor: */
78 
79 static struct usb_interface_descriptor subset_data_intf = {
80 	.bLength =		sizeof subset_data_intf,
81 	.bDescriptorType =	USB_DT_INTERFACE,
82 
83 	/* .bInterfaceNumber = DYNAMIC */
84 	.bAlternateSetting =	0,
85 	.bNumEndpoints =	2,
86 	.bInterfaceClass =      USB_CLASS_COMM,
87 	.bInterfaceSubClass =	USB_CDC_SUBCLASS_MDLM,
88 	.bInterfaceProtocol =	0,
89 	/* .iInterface = DYNAMIC */
90 };
91 
92 static struct usb_cdc_header_desc mdlm_header_desc = {
93 	.bLength =		sizeof mdlm_header_desc,
94 	.bDescriptorType =	USB_DT_CS_INTERFACE,
95 	.bDescriptorSubType =	USB_CDC_HEADER_TYPE,
96 
97 	.bcdCDC =		cpu_to_le16(0x0110),
98 };
99 
100 static struct usb_cdc_mdlm_desc mdlm_desc = {
101 	.bLength =		sizeof mdlm_desc,
102 	.bDescriptorType =	USB_DT_CS_INTERFACE,
103 	.bDescriptorSubType =	USB_CDC_MDLM_TYPE,
104 
105 	.bcdVersion =		cpu_to_le16(0x0100),
106 	.bGUID = {
107 		0x5d, 0x34, 0xcf, 0x66, 0x11, 0x18, 0x11, 0xd6,
108 		0xa2, 0x1a, 0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0xca, 0x9a, 0x7f,
109 	},
110 };
111 
112 /* since "usb_cdc_mdlm_detail_desc" is a variable length structure, we
113  * can't really use its struct.  All we do here is say that we're using
114  * the submode of "SAFE" which directly matches the CDC Subset.
115  */
116 static u8 mdlm_detail_desc[] = {
117 	6,
118 	USB_DT_CS_INTERFACE,
119 	USB_CDC_MDLM_DETAIL_TYPE,
120 
121 	0,	/* "SAFE" */
122 	0,	/* network control capabilities (none) */
123 	0,	/* network data capabilities ("raw" encapsulation) */
124 };
125 
126 static struct usb_cdc_ether_desc ether_desc = {
127 	.bLength =		sizeof ether_desc,
128 	.bDescriptorType =	USB_DT_CS_INTERFACE,
129 	.bDescriptorSubType =	USB_CDC_ETHERNET_TYPE,
130 
131 	/* this descriptor actually adds value, surprise! */
132 	/* .iMACAddress = DYNAMIC */
133 	.bmEthernetStatistics =	cpu_to_le32(0), /* no statistics */
134 	.wMaxSegmentSize =	cpu_to_le16(ETH_FRAME_LEN),
135 	.wNumberMCFilters =	cpu_to_le16(0),
136 	.bNumberPowerFilters =	0,
137 };
138 
139 /* full speed support: */
140 
141 static struct usb_endpoint_descriptor fs_subset_in_desc = {
142 	.bLength =		USB_DT_ENDPOINT_SIZE,
143 	.bDescriptorType =	USB_DT_ENDPOINT,
144 
145 	.bEndpointAddress =	USB_DIR_IN,
146 	.bmAttributes =		USB_ENDPOINT_XFER_BULK,
147 };
148 
149 static struct usb_endpoint_descriptor fs_subset_out_desc = {
150 	.bLength =		USB_DT_ENDPOINT_SIZE,
151 	.bDescriptorType =	USB_DT_ENDPOINT,
152 
153 	.bEndpointAddress =	USB_DIR_OUT,
154 	.bmAttributes =		USB_ENDPOINT_XFER_BULK,
155 };
156 
157 static struct usb_descriptor_header *fs_eth_function[] = {
158 	(struct usb_descriptor_header *) &subset_data_intf,
159 	(struct usb_descriptor_header *) &mdlm_header_desc,
160 	(struct usb_descriptor_header *) &mdlm_desc,
161 	(struct usb_descriptor_header *) &mdlm_detail_desc,
162 	(struct usb_descriptor_header *) &ether_desc,
163 	(struct usb_descriptor_header *) &fs_subset_in_desc,
164 	(struct usb_descriptor_header *) &fs_subset_out_desc,
165 	NULL,
166 };
167 
168 /* high speed support: */
169 
170 static struct usb_endpoint_descriptor hs_subset_in_desc = {
171 	.bLength =		USB_DT_ENDPOINT_SIZE,
172 	.bDescriptorType =	USB_DT_ENDPOINT,
173 
174 	.bmAttributes =		USB_ENDPOINT_XFER_BULK,
175 	.wMaxPacketSize =	cpu_to_le16(512),
176 };
177 
178 static struct usb_endpoint_descriptor hs_subset_out_desc = {
179 	.bLength =		USB_DT_ENDPOINT_SIZE,
180 	.bDescriptorType =	USB_DT_ENDPOINT,
181 
182 	.bmAttributes =		USB_ENDPOINT_XFER_BULK,
183 	.wMaxPacketSize =	cpu_to_le16(512),
184 };
185 
186 static struct usb_descriptor_header *hs_eth_function[] = {
187 	(struct usb_descriptor_header *) &subset_data_intf,
188 	(struct usb_descriptor_header *) &mdlm_header_desc,
189 	(struct usb_descriptor_header *) &mdlm_desc,
190 	(struct usb_descriptor_header *) &mdlm_detail_desc,
191 	(struct usb_descriptor_header *) &ether_desc,
192 	(struct usb_descriptor_header *) &hs_subset_in_desc,
193 	(struct usb_descriptor_header *) &hs_subset_out_desc,
194 	NULL,
195 };
196 
197 /* super speed support: */
198 
199 static struct usb_endpoint_descriptor ss_subset_in_desc = {
200 	.bLength =		USB_DT_ENDPOINT_SIZE,
201 	.bDescriptorType =	USB_DT_ENDPOINT,
202 
203 	.bmAttributes =		USB_ENDPOINT_XFER_BULK,
204 	.wMaxPacketSize =	cpu_to_le16(1024),
205 };
206 
207 static struct usb_endpoint_descriptor ss_subset_out_desc = {
208 	.bLength =		USB_DT_ENDPOINT_SIZE,
209 	.bDescriptorType =	USB_DT_ENDPOINT,
210 
211 	.bmAttributes =		USB_ENDPOINT_XFER_BULK,
212 	.wMaxPacketSize =	cpu_to_le16(1024),
213 };
214 
215 static struct usb_ss_ep_comp_descriptor ss_subset_bulk_comp_desc = {
216 	.bLength =		sizeof ss_subset_bulk_comp_desc,
217 	.bDescriptorType =	USB_DT_SS_ENDPOINT_COMP,
218 
219 	/* the following 2 values can be tweaked if necessary */
220 	/* .bMaxBurst =		0, */
221 	/* .bmAttributes =	0, */
222 };
223 
224 static struct usb_descriptor_header *ss_eth_function[] = {
225 	(struct usb_descriptor_header *) &subset_data_intf,
226 	(struct usb_descriptor_header *) &mdlm_header_desc,
227 	(struct usb_descriptor_header *) &mdlm_desc,
228 	(struct usb_descriptor_header *) &mdlm_detail_desc,
229 	(struct usb_descriptor_header *) &ether_desc,
230 	(struct usb_descriptor_header *) &ss_subset_in_desc,
231 	(struct usb_descriptor_header *) &ss_subset_bulk_comp_desc,
232 	(struct usb_descriptor_header *) &ss_subset_out_desc,
233 	(struct usb_descriptor_header *) &ss_subset_bulk_comp_desc,
234 	NULL,
235 };
236 
237 /* string descriptors: */
238 
239 static struct usb_string geth_string_defs[] = {
240 	[0].s = "CDC Ethernet Subset/SAFE",
241 	[1].s = "",
242 	{  } /* end of list */
243 };
244 
245 static struct usb_gadget_strings geth_string_table = {
246 	.language =		0x0409,	/* en-us */
247 	.strings =		geth_string_defs,
248 };
249 
250 static struct usb_gadget_strings *geth_strings[] = {
251 	&geth_string_table,
252 	NULL,
253 };
254 
255 /*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
256 
257 static int geth_set_alt(struct usb_function *f, unsigned intf, unsigned alt)
258 {
259 	struct f_gether		*geth = func_to_geth(f);
260 	struct usb_composite_dev *cdev = f->config->cdev;
261 	struct net_device	*net;
262 
263 	/* we know alt == 0, so this is an activation or a reset */
264 
265 	if (geth->port.in_ep->driver_data) {
266 		DBG(cdev, "reset cdc subset\n");
267 		gether_disconnect(&geth->port);
268 	}
269 
270 	DBG(cdev, "init + activate cdc subset\n");
271 	if (config_ep_by_speed(cdev->gadget, f, geth->port.in_ep) ||
272 	    config_ep_by_speed(cdev->gadget, f, geth->port.out_ep)) {
273 		geth->port.in_ep->desc = NULL;
274 		geth->port.out_ep->desc = NULL;
275 		return -EINVAL;
276 	}
277 
278 	net = gether_connect(&geth->port);
279 	return PTR_ERR_OR_ZERO(net);
280 }
281 
282 static void geth_disable(struct usb_function *f)
283 {
284 	struct f_gether	*geth = func_to_geth(f);
285 	struct usb_composite_dev *cdev = f->config->cdev;
286 
287 	DBG(cdev, "net deactivated\n");
288 	gether_disconnect(&geth->port);
289 }
290 
291 /*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
292 
293 /* serial function driver setup/binding */
294 
295 static int
296 geth_bind(struct usb_configuration *c, struct usb_function *f)
297 {
298 	struct usb_composite_dev *cdev = c->cdev;
299 	struct f_gether		*geth = func_to_geth(f);
300 	struct usb_string	*us;
301 	int			status;
302 	struct usb_ep		*ep;
303 
304 	struct f_gether_opts	*gether_opts;
305 
306 	gether_opts = container_of(f->fi, struct f_gether_opts, func_inst);
307 
308 	/*
309 	 * in drivers/usb/gadget/configfs.c:configfs_composite_bind()
310 	 * configurations are bound in sequence with list_for_each_entry,
311 	 * in each configuration its functions are bound in sequence
312 	 * with list_for_each_entry, so we assume no race condition
313 	 * with regard to gether_opts->bound access
314 	 */
315 	if (!gether_opts->bound) {
316 		mutex_lock(&gether_opts->lock);
317 		gether_set_gadget(gether_opts->net, cdev->gadget);
318 		status = gether_register_netdev(gether_opts->net);
319 		mutex_unlock(&gether_opts->lock);
320 		if (status)
321 			return status;
322 		gether_opts->bound = true;
323 	}
324 
325 	us = usb_gstrings_attach(cdev, geth_strings,
326 				 ARRAY_SIZE(geth_string_defs));
327 	if (IS_ERR(us))
328 		return PTR_ERR(us);
329 
330 	subset_data_intf.iInterface = us[0].id;
331 	ether_desc.iMACAddress = us[1].id;
332 
333 	/* allocate instance-specific interface IDs */
334 	status = usb_interface_id(c, f);
335 	if (status < 0)
336 		goto fail;
337 	subset_data_intf.bInterfaceNumber = status;
338 
339 	status = -ENODEV;
340 
341 	/* allocate instance-specific endpoints */
342 	ep = usb_ep_autoconfig(cdev->gadget, &fs_subset_in_desc);
343 	if (!ep)
344 		goto fail;
345 	geth->port.in_ep = ep;
346 	ep->driver_data = cdev;	/* claim */
347 
348 	ep = usb_ep_autoconfig(cdev->gadget, &fs_subset_out_desc);
349 	if (!ep)
350 		goto fail;
351 	geth->port.out_ep = ep;
352 	ep->driver_data = cdev;	/* claim */
353 
354 	/* support all relevant hardware speeds... we expect that when
355 	 * hardware is dual speed, all bulk-capable endpoints work at
356 	 * both speeds
357 	 */
358 	hs_subset_in_desc.bEndpointAddress = fs_subset_in_desc.bEndpointAddress;
359 	hs_subset_out_desc.bEndpointAddress =
360 		fs_subset_out_desc.bEndpointAddress;
361 
362 	ss_subset_in_desc.bEndpointAddress = fs_subset_in_desc.bEndpointAddress;
363 	ss_subset_out_desc.bEndpointAddress =
364 		fs_subset_out_desc.bEndpointAddress;
365 
366 	status = usb_assign_descriptors(f, fs_eth_function, hs_eth_function,
367 			ss_eth_function);
368 	if (status)
369 		goto fail;
370 
371 	/* NOTE:  all that is done without knowing or caring about
372 	 * the network link ... which is unavailable to this code
373 	 * until we're activated via set_alt().
374 	 */
375 
376 	DBG(cdev, "CDC Subset: %s speed IN/%s OUT/%s\n",
377 			gadget_is_superspeed(c->cdev->gadget) ? "super" :
378 			gadget_is_dualspeed(c->cdev->gadget) ? "dual" : "full",
379 			geth->port.in_ep->name, geth->port.out_ep->name);
380 	return 0;
381 
382 fail:
383 	/* we might as well release our claims on endpoints */
384 	if (geth->port.out_ep)
385 		geth->port.out_ep->driver_data = NULL;
386 	if (geth->port.in_ep)
387 		geth->port.in_ep->driver_data = NULL;
388 
389 	ERROR(cdev, "%s: can't bind, err %d\n", f->name, status);
390 
391 	return status;
392 }
393 
394 static inline struct f_gether_opts *to_f_gether_opts(struct config_item *item)
395 {
396 	return container_of(to_config_group(item), struct f_gether_opts,
397 			    func_inst.group);
398 }
399 
400 /* f_gether_item_ops */
401 USB_ETHERNET_CONFIGFS_ITEM(gether);
402 
403 /* f_gether_opts_dev_addr */
404 USB_ETHERNET_CONFIGFS_ITEM_ATTR_DEV_ADDR(gether);
405 
406 /* f_gether_opts_host_addr */
407 USB_ETHERNET_CONFIGFS_ITEM_ATTR_HOST_ADDR(gether);
408 
409 /* f_gether_opts_qmult */
410 USB_ETHERNET_CONFIGFS_ITEM_ATTR_QMULT(gether);
411 
412 /* f_gether_opts_ifname */
413 USB_ETHERNET_CONFIGFS_ITEM_ATTR_IFNAME(gether);
414 
415 static struct configfs_attribute *gether_attrs[] = {
416 	&f_gether_opts_dev_addr.attr,
417 	&f_gether_opts_host_addr.attr,
418 	&f_gether_opts_qmult.attr,
419 	&f_gether_opts_ifname.attr,
420 	NULL,
421 };
422 
423 static struct config_item_type gether_func_type = {
424 	.ct_item_ops	= &gether_item_ops,
425 	.ct_attrs	= gether_attrs,
426 	.ct_owner	= THIS_MODULE,
427 };
428 
429 static void geth_free_inst(struct usb_function_instance *f)
430 {
431 	struct f_gether_opts *opts;
432 
433 	opts = container_of(f, struct f_gether_opts, func_inst);
434 	if (opts->bound)
435 		gether_cleanup(netdev_priv(opts->net));
436 	else
437 		free_netdev(opts->net);
438 	kfree(opts);
439 }
440 
441 static struct usb_function_instance *geth_alloc_inst(void)
442 {
443 	struct f_gether_opts *opts;
444 
445 	opts = kzalloc(sizeof(*opts), GFP_KERNEL);
446 	if (!opts)
447 		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
448 	mutex_init(&opts->lock);
449 	opts->func_inst.free_func_inst = geth_free_inst;
450 	opts->net = gether_setup_default();
451 	if (IS_ERR(opts->net)) {
452 		struct net_device *net = opts->net;
453 		kfree(opts);
454 		return ERR_CAST(net);
455 	}
456 
457 	config_group_init_type_name(&opts->func_inst.group, "",
458 				    &gether_func_type);
459 
460 	return &opts->func_inst;
461 }
462 
463 static void geth_free(struct usb_function *f)
464 {
465 	struct f_gether *eth;
466 
467 	eth = func_to_geth(f);
468 	kfree(eth);
469 }
470 
471 static void geth_unbind(struct usb_configuration *c, struct usb_function *f)
472 {
473 	geth_string_defs[0].id = 0;
474 	usb_free_all_descriptors(f);
475 }
476 
477 static struct usb_function *geth_alloc(struct usb_function_instance *fi)
478 {
479 	struct f_gether	*geth;
480 	struct f_gether_opts *opts;
481 	int status;
482 
483 	/* allocate and initialize one new instance */
484 	geth = kzalloc(sizeof(*geth), GFP_KERNEL);
485 	if (!geth)
486 		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
487 
488 	opts = container_of(fi, struct f_gether_opts, func_inst);
489 
490 	mutex_lock(&opts->lock);
491 	opts->refcnt++;
492 	/* export host's Ethernet address in CDC format */
493 	status = gether_get_host_addr_cdc(opts->net, geth->ethaddr,
494 					  sizeof(geth->ethaddr));
495 	if (status < 12) {
496 		kfree(geth);
497 		mutex_unlock(&opts->lock);
498 		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
499 	}
500 	geth_string_defs[1].s = geth->ethaddr;
501 
502 	geth->port.ioport = netdev_priv(opts->net);
503 	mutex_unlock(&opts->lock);
504 	geth->port.cdc_filter = DEFAULT_FILTER;
505 
506 	geth->port.func.name = "cdc_subset";
507 	geth->port.func.bind = geth_bind;
508 	geth->port.func.unbind = geth_unbind;
509 	geth->port.func.set_alt = geth_set_alt;
510 	geth->port.func.disable = geth_disable;
511 	geth->port.func.free_func = geth_free;
512 
513 	return &geth->port.func;
514 }
515 
516 DECLARE_USB_FUNCTION_INIT(geth, geth_alloc_inst, geth_alloc);
517 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
518 MODULE_AUTHOR("David Brownell");
519