xref: /linux/drivers/usb/gadget/function/f_subset.c (revision 5fd54ace4721fc5ce2bb5aef6318fcf17f421460)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
2 /*
3  * f_subset.c -- "CDC Subset" Ethernet link function driver
4  *
5  * Copyright (C) 2003-2005,2008 David Brownell
6  * Copyright (C) 2008 Nokia Corporation
7  *
8  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
9  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
10  * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
11  * (at your option) any later version.
12  */
13 
14 #include <linux/slab.h>
15 #include <linux/kernel.h>
16 #include <linux/module.h>
17 #include <linux/device.h>
18 #include <linux/etherdevice.h>
19 
20 #include "u_ether.h"
21 #include "u_ether_configfs.h"
22 #include "u_gether.h"
23 
24 /*
25  * This function packages a simple "CDC Subset" Ethernet port with no real
26  * control mechanisms; just raw data transfer over two bulk endpoints.
27  * The data transfer model is exactly that of CDC Ethernet, which is
28  * why we call it the "CDC Subset".
29  *
30  * Because it's not standardized, this has some interoperability issues.
31  * They mostly relate to driver binding, since the data transfer model is
32  * so simple (CDC Ethernet).  The original versions of this protocol used
33  * specific product/vendor IDs:  byteswapped IDs for Digital Equipment's
34  * SA-1100 "Itsy" board, which could run Linux 2.4 kernels and supported
35  * daughtercards with USB peripheral connectors.  (It was used more often
36  * with other boards, using the Itsy identifiers.)  Linux hosts recognized
37  * this with CONFIG_USB_ARMLINUX; these devices have only one configuration
38  * and one interface.
39  *
40  * At some point, MCCI defined a (nonconformant) CDC MDLM variant called
41  * "SAFE", which happens to have a mode which is identical to the "CDC
42  * Subset" in terms of data transfer and lack of control model.  This was
43  * adopted by later Sharp Zaurus models, and by some other software which
44  * Linux hosts recognize with CONFIG_USB_NET_ZAURUS.
45  *
46  * Because Microsoft's RNDIS drivers are far from robust, we added a few
47  * descriptors to the CDC Subset code, making this code look like a SAFE
48  * implementation.  This lets you use MCCI's host side MS-Windows drivers
49  * if you get fed up with RNDIS.  It also makes it easier for composite
50  * drivers to work, since they can use class based binding instead of
51  * caring about specific product and vendor IDs.
52  */
53 
54 struct f_gether {
55 	struct gether			port;
56 
57 	char				ethaddr[14];
58 };
59 
60 static inline struct f_gether *func_to_geth(struct usb_function *f)
61 {
62 	return container_of(f, struct f_gether, port.func);
63 }
64 
65 /*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
66 
67 /*
68  * "Simple" CDC-subset option is a simple vendor-neutral model that most
69  * full speed controllers can handle:  one interface, two bulk endpoints.
70  * To assist host side drivers, we fancy it up a bit, and add descriptors so
71  * some host side drivers will understand it as a "SAFE" variant.
72  *
73  * "SAFE" loosely follows CDC WMC MDLM, violating the spec in various ways.
74  * Data endpoints live in the control interface, there's no data interface.
75  * And it's not used to talk to a cell phone radio.
76  */
77 
78 /* interface descriptor: */
79 
80 static struct usb_interface_descriptor subset_data_intf = {
81 	.bLength =		sizeof subset_data_intf,
82 	.bDescriptorType =	USB_DT_INTERFACE,
83 
84 	/* .bInterfaceNumber = DYNAMIC */
85 	.bAlternateSetting =	0,
86 	.bNumEndpoints =	2,
87 	.bInterfaceClass =      USB_CLASS_COMM,
88 	.bInterfaceSubClass =	USB_CDC_SUBCLASS_MDLM,
89 	.bInterfaceProtocol =	0,
90 	/* .iInterface = DYNAMIC */
91 };
92 
93 static struct usb_cdc_header_desc mdlm_header_desc = {
94 	.bLength =		sizeof mdlm_header_desc,
95 	.bDescriptorType =	USB_DT_CS_INTERFACE,
96 	.bDescriptorSubType =	USB_CDC_HEADER_TYPE,
97 
98 	.bcdCDC =		cpu_to_le16(0x0110),
99 };
100 
101 static struct usb_cdc_mdlm_desc mdlm_desc = {
102 	.bLength =		sizeof mdlm_desc,
103 	.bDescriptorType =	USB_DT_CS_INTERFACE,
104 	.bDescriptorSubType =	USB_CDC_MDLM_TYPE,
105 
106 	.bcdVersion =		cpu_to_le16(0x0100),
107 	.bGUID = {
108 		0x5d, 0x34, 0xcf, 0x66, 0x11, 0x18, 0x11, 0xd6,
109 		0xa2, 0x1a, 0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0xca, 0x9a, 0x7f,
110 	},
111 };
112 
113 /* since "usb_cdc_mdlm_detail_desc" is a variable length structure, we
114  * can't really use its struct.  All we do here is say that we're using
115  * the submode of "SAFE" which directly matches the CDC Subset.
116  */
117 static u8 mdlm_detail_desc[] = {
118 	6,
119 	USB_DT_CS_INTERFACE,
120 	USB_CDC_MDLM_DETAIL_TYPE,
121 
122 	0,	/* "SAFE" */
123 	0,	/* network control capabilities (none) */
124 	0,	/* network data capabilities ("raw" encapsulation) */
125 };
126 
127 static struct usb_cdc_ether_desc ether_desc = {
128 	.bLength =		sizeof ether_desc,
129 	.bDescriptorType =	USB_DT_CS_INTERFACE,
130 	.bDescriptorSubType =	USB_CDC_ETHERNET_TYPE,
131 
132 	/* this descriptor actually adds value, surprise! */
133 	/* .iMACAddress = DYNAMIC */
134 	.bmEthernetStatistics =	cpu_to_le32(0), /* no statistics */
135 	.wMaxSegmentSize =	cpu_to_le16(ETH_FRAME_LEN),
136 	.wNumberMCFilters =	cpu_to_le16(0),
137 	.bNumberPowerFilters =	0,
138 };
139 
140 /* full speed support: */
141 
142 static struct usb_endpoint_descriptor fs_subset_in_desc = {
143 	.bLength =		USB_DT_ENDPOINT_SIZE,
144 	.bDescriptorType =	USB_DT_ENDPOINT,
145 
146 	.bEndpointAddress =	USB_DIR_IN,
147 	.bmAttributes =		USB_ENDPOINT_XFER_BULK,
148 };
149 
150 static struct usb_endpoint_descriptor fs_subset_out_desc = {
151 	.bLength =		USB_DT_ENDPOINT_SIZE,
152 	.bDescriptorType =	USB_DT_ENDPOINT,
153 
154 	.bEndpointAddress =	USB_DIR_OUT,
155 	.bmAttributes =		USB_ENDPOINT_XFER_BULK,
156 };
157 
158 static struct usb_descriptor_header *fs_eth_function[] = {
159 	(struct usb_descriptor_header *) &subset_data_intf,
160 	(struct usb_descriptor_header *) &mdlm_header_desc,
161 	(struct usb_descriptor_header *) &mdlm_desc,
162 	(struct usb_descriptor_header *) &mdlm_detail_desc,
163 	(struct usb_descriptor_header *) &ether_desc,
164 	(struct usb_descriptor_header *) &fs_subset_in_desc,
165 	(struct usb_descriptor_header *) &fs_subset_out_desc,
166 	NULL,
167 };
168 
169 /* high speed support: */
170 
171 static struct usb_endpoint_descriptor hs_subset_in_desc = {
172 	.bLength =		USB_DT_ENDPOINT_SIZE,
173 	.bDescriptorType =	USB_DT_ENDPOINT,
174 
175 	.bmAttributes =		USB_ENDPOINT_XFER_BULK,
176 	.wMaxPacketSize =	cpu_to_le16(512),
177 };
178 
179 static struct usb_endpoint_descriptor hs_subset_out_desc = {
180 	.bLength =		USB_DT_ENDPOINT_SIZE,
181 	.bDescriptorType =	USB_DT_ENDPOINT,
182 
183 	.bmAttributes =		USB_ENDPOINT_XFER_BULK,
184 	.wMaxPacketSize =	cpu_to_le16(512),
185 };
186 
187 static struct usb_descriptor_header *hs_eth_function[] = {
188 	(struct usb_descriptor_header *) &subset_data_intf,
189 	(struct usb_descriptor_header *) &mdlm_header_desc,
190 	(struct usb_descriptor_header *) &mdlm_desc,
191 	(struct usb_descriptor_header *) &mdlm_detail_desc,
192 	(struct usb_descriptor_header *) &ether_desc,
193 	(struct usb_descriptor_header *) &hs_subset_in_desc,
194 	(struct usb_descriptor_header *) &hs_subset_out_desc,
195 	NULL,
196 };
197 
198 /* super speed support: */
199 
200 static struct usb_endpoint_descriptor ss_subset_in_desc = {
201 	.bLength =		USB_DT_ENDPOINT_SIZE,
202 	.bDescriptorType =	USB_DT_ENDPOINT,
203 
204 	.bmAttributes =		USB_ENDPOINT_XFER_BULK,
205 	.wMaxPacketSize =	cpu_to_le16(1024),
206 };
207 
208 static struct usb_endpoint_descriptor ss_subset_out_desc = {
209 	.bLength =		USB_DT_ENDPOINT_SIZE,
210 	.bDescriptorType =	USB_DT_ENDPOINT,
211 
212 	.bmAttributes =		USB_ENDPOINT_XFER_BULK,
213 	.wMaxPacketSize =	cpu_to_le16(1024),
214 };
215 
216 static struct usb_ss_ep_comp_descriptor ss_subset_bulk_comp_desc = {
217 	.bLength =		sizeof ss_subset_bulk_comp_desc,
218 	.bDescriptorType =	USB_DT_SS_ENDPOINT_COMP,
219 
220 	/* the following 2 values can be tweaked if necessary */
221 	/* .bMaxBurst =		0, */
222 	/* .bmAttributes =	0, */
223 };
224 
225 static struct usb_descriptor_header *ss_eth_function[] = {
226 	(struct usb_descriptor_header *) &subset_data_intf,
227 	(struct usb_descriptor_header *) &mdlm_header_desc,
228 	(struct usb_descriptor_header *) &mdlm_desc,
229 	(struct usb_descriptor_header *) &mdlm_detail_desc,
230 	(struct usb_descriptor_header *) &ether_desc,
231 	(struct usb_descriptor_header *) &ss_subset_in_desc,
232 	(struct usb_descriptor_header *) &ss_subset_bulk_comp_desc,
233 	(struct usb_descriptor_header *) &ss_subset_out_desc,
234 	(struct usb_descriptor_header *) &ss_subset_bulk_comp_desc,
235 	NULL,
236 };
237 
238 /* string descriptors: */
239 
240 static struct usb_string geth_string_defs[] = {
241 	[0].s = "CDC Ethernet Subset/SAFE",
242 	[1].s = "",
243 	{  } /* end of list */
244 };
245 
246 static struct usb_gadget_strings geth_string_table = {
247 	.language =		0x0409,	/* en-us */
248 	.strings =		geth_string_defs,
249 };
250 
251 static struct usb_gadget_strings *geth_strings[] = {
252 	&geth_string_table,
253 	NULL,
254 };
255 
256 /*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
257 
258 static int geth_set_alt(struct usb_function *f, unsigned intf, unsigned alt)
259 {
260 	struct f_gether		*geth = func_to_geth(f);
261 	struct usb_composite_dev *cdev = f->config->cdev;
262 	struct net_device	*net;
263 
264 	/* we know alt == 0, so this is an activation or a reset */
265 
266 	if (geth->port.in_ep->enabled) {
267 		DBG(cdev, "reset cdc subset\n");
268 		gether_disconnect(&geth->port);
269 	}
270 
271 	DBG(cdev, "init + activate cdc subset\n");
272 	if (config_ep_by_speed(cdev->gadget, f, geth->port.in_ep) ||
273 	    config_ep_by_speed(cdev->gadget, f, geth->port.out_ep)) {
274 		geth->port.in_ep->desc = NULL;
275 		geth->port.out_ep->desc = NULL;
276 		return -EINVAL;
277 	}
278 
279 	net = gether_connect(&geth->port);
280 	return PTR_ERR_OR_ZERO(net);
281 }
282 
283 static void geth_disable(struct usb_function *f)
284 {
285 	struct f_gether	*geth = func_to_geth(f);
286 	struct usb_composite_dev *cdev = f->config->cdev;
287 
288 	DBG(cdev, "net deactivated\n");
289 	gether_disconnect(&geth->port);
290 }
291 
292 /*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
293 
294 /* serial function driver setup/binding */
295 
296 static int
297 geth_bind(struct usb_configuration *c, struct usb_function *f)
298 {
299 	struct usb_composite_dev *cdev = c->cdev;
300 	struct f_gether		*geth = func_to_geth(f);
301 	struct usb_string	*us;
302 	int			status;
303 	struct usb_ep		*ep;
304 
305 	struct f_gether_opts	*gether_opts;
306 
307 	gether_opts = container_of(f->fi, struct f_gether_opts, func_inst);
308 
309 	/*
310 	 * in drivers/usb/gadget/configfs.c:configfs_composite_bind()
311 	 * configurations are bound in sequence with list_for_each_entry,
312 	 * in each configuration its functions are bound in sequence
313 	 * with list_for_each_entry, so we assume no race condition
314 	 * with regard to gether_opts->bound access
315 	 */
316 	if (!gether_opts->bound) {
317 		mutex_lock(&gether_opts->lock);
318 		gether_set_gadget(gether_opts->net, cdev->gadget);
319 		status = gether_register_netdev(gether_opts->net);
320 		mutex_unlock(&gether_opts->lock);
321 		if (status)
322 			return status;
323 		gether_opts->bound = true;
324 	}
325 
326 	us = usb_gstrings_attach(cdev, geth_strings,
327 				 ARRAY_SIZE(geth_string_defs));
328 	if (IS_ERR(us))
329 		return PTR_ERR(us);
330 
331 	subset_data_intf.iInterface = us[0].id;
332 	ether_desc.iMACAddress = us[1].id;
333 
334 	/* allocate instance-specific interface IDs */
335 	status = usb_interface_id(c, f);
336 	if (status < 0)
337 		goto fail;
338 	subset_data_intf.bInterfaceNumber = status;
339 
340 	status = -ENODEV;
341 
342 	/* allocate instance-specific endpoints */
343 	ep = usb_ep_autoconfig(cdev->gadget, &fs_subset_in_desc);
344 	if (!ep)
345 		goto fail;
346 	geth->port.in_ep = ep;
347 
348 	ep = usb_ep_autoconfig(cdev->gadget, &fs_subset_out_desc);
349 	if (!ep)
350 		goto fail;
351 	geth->port.out_ep = ep;
352 
353 	/* support all relevant hardware speeds... we expect that when
354 	 * hardware is dual speed, all bulk-capable endpoints work at
355 	 * both speeds
356 	 */
357 	hs_subset_in_desc.bEndpointAddress = fs_subset_in_desc.bEndpointAddress;
358 	hs_subset_out_desc.bEndpointAddress =
359 		fs_subset_out_desc.bEndpointAddress;
360 
361 	ss_subset_in_desc.bEndpointAddress = fs_subset_in_desc.bEndpointAddress;
362 	ss_subset_out_desc.bEndpointAddress =
363 		fs_subset_out_desc.bEndpointAddress;
364 
365 	status = usb_assign_descriptors(f, fs_eth_function, hs_eth_function,
366 			ss_eth_function, NULL);
367 	if (status)
368 		goto fail;
369 
370 	/* NOTE:  all that is done without knowing or caring about
371 	 * the network link ... which is unavailable to this code
372 	 * until we're activated via set_alt().
373 	 */
374 
375 	DBG(cdev, "CDC Subset: %s speed IN/%s OUT/%s\n",
376 			gadget_is_superspeed(c->cdev->gadget) ? "super" :
377 			gadget_is_dualspeed(c->cdev->gadget) ? "dual" : "full",
378 			geth->port.in_ep->name, geth->port.out_ep->name);
379 	return 0;
380 
381 fail:
382 	ERROR(cdev, "%s: can't bind, err %d\n", f->name, status);
383 
384 	return status;
385 }
386 
387 static inline struct f_gether_opts *to_f_gether_opts(struct config_item *item)
388 {
389 	return container_of(to_config_group(item), struct f_gether_opts,
390 			    func_inst.group);
391 }
392 
393 /* f_gether_item_ops */
394 USB_ETHERNET_CONFIGFS_ITEM(gether);
395 
396 /* f_gether_opts_dev_addr */
397 USB_ETHERNET_CONFIGFS_ITEM_ATTR_DEV_ADDR(gether);
398 
399 /* f_gether_opts_host_addr */
400 USB_ETHERNET_CONFIGFS_ITEM_ATTR_HOST_ADDR(gether);
401 
402 /* f_gether_opts_qmult */
403 USB_ETHERNET_CONFIGFS_ITEM_ATTR_QMULT(gether);
404 
405 /* f_gether_opts_ifname */
406 USB_ETHERNET_CONFIGFS_ITEM_ATTR_IFNAME(gether);
407 
408 static struct configfs_attribute *gether_attrs[] = {
409 	&gether_opts_attr_dev_addr,
410 	&gether_opts_attr_host_addr,
411 	&gether_opts_attr_qmult,
412 	&gether_opts_attr_ifname,
413 	NULL,
414 };
415 
416 static struct config_item_type gether_func_type = {
417 	.ct_item_ops	= &gether_item_ops,
418 	.ct_attrs	= gether_attrs,
419 	.ct_owner	= THIS_MODULE,
420 };
421 
422 static void geth_free_inst(struct usb_function_instance *f)
423 {
424 	struct f_gether_opts *opts;
425 
426 	opts = container_of(f, struct f_gether_opts, func_inst);
427 	if (opts->bound)
428 		gether_cleanup(netdev_priv(opts->net));
429 	else
430 		free_netdev(opts->net);
431 	kfree(opts);
432 }
433 
434 static struct usb_function_instance *geth_alloc_inst(void)
435 {
436 	struct f_gether_opts *opts;
437 
438 	opts = kzalloc(sizeof(*opts), GFP_KERNEL);
439 	if (!opts)
440 		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
441 	mutex_init(&opts->lock);
442 	opts->func_inst.free_func_inst = geth_free_inst;
443 	opts->net = gether_setup_default();
444 	if (IS_ERR(opts->net)) {
445 		struct net_device *net = opts->net;
446 		kfree(opts);
447 		return ERR_CAST(net);
448 	}
449 
450 	config_group_init_type_name(&opts->func_inst.group, "",
451 				    &gether_func_type);
452 
453 	return &opts->func_inst;
454 }
455 
456 static void geth_free(struct usb_function *f)
457 {
458 	struct f_gether *eth;
459 
460 	eth = func_to_geth(f);
461 	kfree(eth);
462 }
463 
464 static void geth_unbind(struct usb_configuration *c, struct usb_function *f)
465 {
466 	geth_string_defs[0].id = 0;
467 	usb_free_all_descriptors(f);
468 }
469 
470 static struct usb_function *geth_alloc(struct usb_function_instance *fi)
471 {
472 	struct f_gether	*geth;
473 	struct f_gether_opts *opts;
474 	int status;
475 
476 	/* allocate and initialize one new instance */
477 	geth = kzalloc(sizeof(*geth), GFP_KERNEL);
478 	if (!geth)
479 		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
480 
481 	opts = container_of(fi, struct f_gether_opts, func_inst);
482 
483 	mutex_lock(&opts->lock);
484 	opts->refcnt++;
485 	/* export host's Ethernet address in CDC format */
486 	status = gether_get_host_addr_cdc(opts->net, geth->ethaddr,
487 					  sizeof(geth->ethaddr));
488 	if (status < 12) {
489 		kfree(geth);
490 		mutex_unlock(&opts->lock);
491 		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
492 	}
493 	geth_string_defs[1].s = geth->ethaddr;
494 
495 	geth->port.ioport = netdev_priv(opts->net);
496 	mutex_unlock(&opts->lock);
497 	geth->port.cdc_filter = DEFAULT_FILTER;
498 
499 	geth->port.func.name = "cdc_subset";
500 	geth->port.func.bind = geth_bind;
501 	geth->port.func.unbind = geth_unbind;
502 	geth->port.func.set_alt = geth_set_alt;
503 	geth->port.func.disable = geth_disable;
504 	geth->port.func.free_func = geth_free;
505 
506 	return &geth->port.func;
507 }
508 
509 DECLARE_USB_FUNCTION_INIT(geth, geth_alloc_inst, geth_alloc);
510 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
511 MODULE_AUTHOR("David Brownell");
512