xref: /linux/drivers/usb/core/devices.c (revision 1b78070aaef63512688aebfbc82365ef9d6660f1)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
2 /*
3  * devices.c
4  * (C) Copyright 1999 Randy Dunlap.
5  * (C) Copyright 1999,2000 Thomas Sailer <sailer@ife.ee.ethz.ch>.
6  *     (proc file per device)
7  * (C) Copyright 1999 Deti Fliegl (new USB architecture)
8  *
9  *************************************************************
10  *
11  * <mountpoint>/devices contains USB topology, device, config, class,
12  * interface, & endpoint data.
13  *
14  * I considered using /dev/bus/usb/device# for each device
15  * as it is attached or detached, but I didn't like this for some
16  * reason -- maybe it's just too deep of a directory structure.
17  * I also don't like looking in multiple places to gather and view
18  * the data.  Having only one file for ./devices also prevents race
19  * conditions that could arise if a program was reading device info
20  * for devices that are being removed (unplugged).  (That is, the
21  * program may find a directory for devnum_12 then try to open it,
22  * but it was just unplugged, so the directory is now deleted.
23  * But programs would just have to be prepared for situations like
24  * this in any plug-and-play environment.)
25  *
26  * 1999-12-16: Thomas Sailer <sailer@ife.ee.ethz.ch>
27  *   Converted the whole proc stuff to real
28  *   read methods. Now not the whole device list needs to fit
29  *   into one page, only the device list for one bus.
30  *   Added a poll method to /sys/kernel/debug/usb/devices, to wake
31  *   up an eventual usbd
32  * 2000-01-04: Thomas Sailer <sailer@ife.ee.ethz.ch>
33  *   Turned into its own filesystem
34  * 2000-07-05: Ashley Montanaro <ashley@compsoc.man.ac.uk>
35  *   Converted file reading routine to dump to buffer once
36  *   per device, not per bus
37  */
38 
39 #include <linux/fs.h>
40 #include <linux/slab.h>
41 #include <linux/mm.h>
42 #include <linux/gfp.h>
43 #include <linux/usb.h>
44 #include <linux/usbdevice_fs.h>
45 #include <linux/usb/hcd.h>
46 #include <linux/mutex.h>
47 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
48 
49 #include "usb.h"
50 
51 /* Define ALLOW_SERIAL_NUMBER if you want to see the serial number of devices */
52 #define ALLOW_SERIAL_NUMBER
53 
54 static const char format_topo[] =
55 /* T:  Bus=dd Lev=dd Prnt=dd Port=dd Cnt=dd Dev#=ddd Spd=dddd MxCh=dd */
56 "\nT:  Bus=%2.2d Lev=%2.2d Prnt=%2.2d Port=%2.2d Cnt=%2.2d Dev#=%3d Spd=%-4s MxCh=%2d\n";
57 
58 static const char format_string_manufacturer[] =
59 /* S:  Manufacturer=xxxx */
60   "S:  Manufacturer=%.100s\n";
61 
62 static const char format_string_product[] =
63 /* S:  Product=xxxx */
64   "S:  Product=%.100s\n";
65 
66 #ifdef ALLOW_SERIAL_NUMBER
67 static const char format_string_serialnumber[] =
68 /* S:  SerialNumber=xxxx */
69   "S:  SerialNumber=%.100s\n";
70 #endif
71 
72 static const char format_bandwidth[] =
73 /* B:  Alloc=ddd/ddd us (xx%), #Int=ddd, #Iso=ddd */
74   "B:  Alloc=%3d/%3d us (%2d%%), #Int=%3d, #Iso=%3d\n";
75 
76 static const char format_device1[] =
77 /* D:  Ver=xx.xx Cls=xx(sssss) Sub=xx Prot=xx MxPS=dd #Cfgs=dd */
78   "D:  Ver=%2x.%02x Cls=%02x(%-5s) Sub=%02x Prot=%02x MxPS=%2d #Cfgs=%3d\n";
79 
80 static const char format_device2[] =
81 /* P:  Vendor=xxxx ProdID=xxxx Rev=xx.xx */
82   "P:  Vendor=%04x ProdID=%04x Rev=%2x.%02x\n";
83 
84 static const char format_config[] =
85 /* C:  #Ifs=dd Cfg#=dd Atr=xx MPwr=dddmA */
86   "C:%c #Ifs=%2d Cfg#=%2d Atr=%02x MxPwr=%3dmA\n";
87 
88 static const char format_iad[] =
89 /* A:  FirstIf#=dd IfCount=dd Cls=xx(sssss) Sub=xx Prot=xx */
90   "A:  FirstIf#=%2d IfCount=%2d Cls=%02x(%-5s) Sub=%02x Prot=%02x\n";
91 
92 static const char format_iface[] =
93 /* I:  If#=dd Alt=dd #EPs=dd Cls=xx(sssss) Sub=xx Prot=xx Driver=xxxx*/
94   "I:%c If#=%2d Alt=%2d #EPs=%2d Cls=%02x(%-5s) Sub=%02x Prot=%02x Driver=%s\n";
95 
96 static const char format_endpt[] =
97 /* E:  Ad=xx(s) Atr=xx(ssss) MxPS=dddd Ivl=D?s */
98   "E:  Ad=%02x(%c) Atr=%02x(%-4s) MxPS=%4d Ivl=%d%cs\n";
99 
100 struct class_info {
101 	int class;
102 	char *class_name;
103 };
104 
105 static const struct class_info clas_info[] = {
106 	/* max. 5 chars. per name string */
107 	{USB_CLASS_PER_INTERFACE,	">ifc"},
108 	{USB_CLASS_AUDIO,		"audio"},
109 	{USB_CLASS_COMM,		"comm."},
110 	{USB_CLASS_HID,			"HID"},
111 	{USB_CLASS_PHYSICAL,		"PID"},
112 	{USB_CLASS_STILL_IMAGE,		"still"},
113 	{USB_CLASS_PRINTER,		"print"},
114 	{USB_CLASS_MASS_STORAGE,	"stor."},
115 	{USB_CLASS_HUB,			"hub"},
116 	{USB_CLASS_CDC_DATA,		"data"},
117 	{USB_CLASS_CSCID,		"scard"},
118 	{USB_CLASS_CONTENT_SEC,		"c-sec"},
119 	{USB_CLASS_VIDEO,		"video"},
120 	{USB_CLASS_PERSONAL_HEALTHCARE,	"perhc"},
121 	{USB_CLASS_AUDIO_VIDEO,		"av"},
122 	{USB_CLASS_BILLBOARD,		"blbrd"},
123 	{USB_CLASS_USB_TYPE_C_BRIDGE,	"bridg"},
124 	{USB_CLASS_WIRELESS_CONTROLLER,	"wlcon"},
125 	{USB_CLASS_MISC,		"misc"},
126 	{USB_CLASS_APP_SPEC,		"app."},
127 	{USB_CLASS_VENDOR_SPEC,		"vend."},
128 	{-1,				"unk."}		/* leave as last */
129 };
130 
131 /*****************************************************************/
132 
133 static const char *class_decode(const int class)
134 {
135 	int ix;
136 
137 	for (ix = 0; clas_info[ix].class != -1; ix++)
138 		if (clas_info[ix].class == class)
139 			break;
140 	return clas_info[ix].class_name;
141 }
142 
143 static char *usb_dump_endpoint_descriptor(int speed, char *start, char *end,
144 				const struct usb_endpoint_descriptor *desc)
145 {
146 	char dir, unit, *type;
147 	unsigned interval, bandwidth = 1;
148 
149 	if (start > end)
150 		return start;
151 
152 	dir = usb_endpoint_dir_in(desc) ? 'I' : 'O';
153 
154 	if (speed == USB_SPEED_HIGH)
155 		bandwidth = usb_endpoint_maxp_mult(desc);
156 
157 	/* this isn't checking for illegal values */
158 	switch (usb_endpoint_type(desc)) {
159 	case USB_ENDPOINT_XFER_CONTROL:
160 		type = "Ctrl";
161 		dir = 'B';			/* ctrl is bidirectional */
162 		break;
163 	case USB_ENDPOINT_XFER_ISOC:
164 		type = "Isoc";
165 		break;
166 	case USB_ENDPOINT_XFER_BULK:
167 		type = "Bulk";
168 		break;
169 	case USB_ENDPOINT_XFER_INT:
170 		type = "Int.";
171 		break;
172 	default:	/* "can't happen" */
173 		return start;
174 	}
175 
176 	interval = usb_decode_interval(desc, speed);
177 	if (interval % 1000) {
178 		unit = 'u';
179 	} else {
180 		unit = 'm';
181 		interval /= 1000;
182 	}
183 
184 	start += sprintf(start, format_endpt, desc->bEndpointAddress, dir,
185 			 desc->bmAttributes, type,
186 			 usb_endpoint_maxp(desc) *
187 			 bandwidth,
188 			 interval, unit);
189 	return start;
190 }
191 
192 static char *usb_dump_interface_descriptor(char *start, char *end,
193 					const struct usb_interface_cache *intfc,
194 					const struct usb_interface *iface,
195 					int setno)
196 {
197 	const struct usb_interface_descriptor *desc;
198 	const char *driver_name = "";
199 	int active = 0;
200 
201 	if (start > end)
202 		return start;
203 	desc = &intfc->altsetting[setno].desc;
204 	if (iface) {
205 		driver_name = (iface->dev.driver
206 				? iface->dev.driver->name
207 				: "(none)");
208 		active = (desc == &iface->cur_altsetting->desc);
209 	}
210 	start += sprintf(start, format_iface,
211 			 active ? '*' : ' ',	/* mark active altsetting */
212 			 desc->bInterfaceNumber,
213 			 desc->bAlternateSetting,
214 			 desc->bNumEndpoints,
215 			 desc->bInterfaceClass,
216 			 class_decode(desc->bInterfaceClass),
217 			 desc->bInterfaceSubClass,
218 			 desc->bInterfaceProtocol,
219 			 driver_name);
220 	return start;
221 }
222 
223 static char *usb_dump_interface(int speed, char *start, char *end,
224 				const struct usb_interface_cache *intfc,
225 				const struct usb_interface *iface, int setno)
226 {
227 	const struct usb_host_interface *desc = &intfc->altsetting[setno];
228 	int i;
229 
230 	start = usb_dump_interface_descriptor(start, end, intfc, iface, setno);
231 	for (i = 0; i < desc->desc.bNumEndpoints; i++) {
232 		start = usb_dump_endpoint_descriptor(speed,
233 				start, end, &desc->endpoint[i].desc);
234 	}
235 	return start;
236 }
237 
238 static char *usb_dump_iad_descriptor(char *start, char *end,
239 			const struct usb_interface_assoc_descriptor *iad)
240 {
241 	if (start > end)
242 		return start;
243 	start += sprintf(start, format_iad,
244 			 iad->bFirstInterface,
245 			 iad->bInterfaceCount,
246 			 iad->bFunctionClass,
247 			 class_decode(iad->bFunctionClass),
248 			 iad->bFunctionSubClass,
249 			 iad->bFunctionProtocol);
250 	return start;
251 }
252 
253 /* TBD:
254  * 0. TBDs
255  * 1. marking active interface altsettings (code lists all, but should mark
256  *    which ones are active, if any)
257  */
258 static char *usb_dump_config_descriptor(char *start, char *end,
259 				const struct usb_config_descriptor *desc,
260 				int active, int speed)
261 {
262 	int mul;
263 
264 	if (start > end)
265 		return start;
266 	if (speed >= USB_SPEED_SUPER)
267 		mul = 8;
268 	else
269 		mul = 2;
270 	start += sprintf(start, format_config,
271 			 /* mark active/actual/current cfg. */
272 			 active ? '*' : ' ',
273 			 desc->bNumInterfaces,
274 			 desc->bConfigurationValue,
275 			 desc->bmAttributes,
276 			 desc->bMaxPower * mul);
277 	return start;
278 }
279 
280 static char *usb_dump_config(int speed, char *start, char *end,
281 			     const struct usb_host_config *config, int active)
282 {
283 	int i, j;
284 	struct usb_interface_cache *intfc;
285 	struct usb_interface *interface;
286 
287 	if (start > end)
288 		return start;
289 	if (!config)
290 		/* getting these some in 2.3.7; none in 2.3.6 */
291 		return start + sprintf(start, "(null Cfg. desc.)\n");
292 	start = usb_dump_config_descriptor(start, end, &config->desc, active,
293 			speed);
294 	for (i = 0; i < USB_MAXIADS; i++) {
295 		if (config->intf_assoc[i] == NULL)
296 			break;
297 		start = usb_dump_iad_descriptor(start, end,
298 					config->intf_assoc[i]);
299 	}
300 	for (i = 0; i < config->desc.bNumInterfaces; i++) {
301 		intfc = config->intf_cache[i];
302 		interface = config->interface[i];
303 		for (j = 0; j < intfc->num_altsetting; j++) {
304 			start = usb_dump_interface(speed,
305 				start, end, intfc, interface, j);
306 		}
307 	}
308 	return start;
309 }
310 
311 /*
312  * Dump the different USB descriptors.
313  */
314 static char *usb_dump_device_descriptor(char *start, char *end,
315 				const struct usb_device_descriptor *desc)
316 {
317 	u16 bcdUSB = le16_to_cpu(desc->bcdUSB);
318 	u16 bcdDevice = le16_to_cpu(desc->bcdDevice);
319 
320 	if (start > end)
321 		return start;
322 	start += sprintf(start, format_device1,
323 			  bcdUSB >> 8, bcdUSB & 0xff,
324 			  desc->bDeviceClass,
325 			  class_decode(desc->bDeviceClass),
326 			  desc->bDeviceSubClass,
327 			  desc->bDeviceProtocol,
328 			  desc->bMaxPacketSize0,
329 			  desc->bNumConfigurations);
330 	if (start > end)
331 		return start;
332 	start += sprintf(start, format_device2,
333 			 le16_to_cpu(desc->idVendor),
334 			 le16_to_cpu(desc->idProduct),
335 			 bcdDevice >> 8, bcdDevice & 0xff);
336 	return start;
337 }
338 
339 /*
340  * Dump the different strings that this device holds.
341  */
342 static char *usb_dump_device_strings(char *start, char *end,
343 				     struct usb_device *dev)
344 {
345 	if (start > end)
346 		return start;
347 	if (dev->manufacturer)
348 		start += sprintf(start, format_string_manufacturer,
349 				 dev->manufacturer);
350 	if (start > end)
351 		goto out;
352 	if (dev->product)
353 		start += sprintf(start, format_string_product, dev->product);
354 	if (start > end)
355 		goto out;
356 #ifdef ALLOW_SERIAL_NUMBER
357 	if (dev->serial)
358 		start += sprintf(start, format_string_serialnumber,
359 				 dev->serial);
360 #endif
361  out:
362 	return start;
363 }
364 
365 static char *usb_dump_desc(char *start, char *end, struct usb_device *dev)
366 {
367 	int i;
368 
369 	start = usb_dump_device_descriptor(start, end, &dev->descriptor);
370 
371 	start = usb_dump_device_strings(start, end, dev);
372 
373 	for (i = 0; i < dev->descriptor.bNumConfigurations; i++) {
374 		start = usb_dump_config(dev->speed,
375 				start, end, dev->config + i,
376 				/* active ? */
377 				(dev->config + i) == dev->actconfig);
378 	}
379 	return start;
380 }
381 
382 /*****************************************************************/
383 
384 /* This is a recursive function. Parameters:
385  * buffer - the user-space buffer to write data into
386  * nbytes - the maximum number of bytes to write
387  * skip_bytes - the number of bytes to skip before writing anything
388  * file_offset - the offset into the devices file on completion
389  * The caller must own the device lock.
390  */
391 static ssize_t usb_device_dump(char __user **buffer, size_t *nbytes,
392 			       loff_t *skip_bytes, loff_t *file_offset,
393 			       struct usb_device *usbdev, struct usb_bus *bus,
394 			       int level, int index, int count)
395 {
396 	int chix;
397 	int ret, cnt = 0;
398 	int parent_devnum = 0;
399 	char *pages_start, *data_end, *speed;
400 	unsigned int length;
401 	ssize_t total_written = 0;
402 	struct usb_device *childdev = NULL;
403 
404 	/* don't bother with anything else if we're not writing any data */
405 	if (*nbytes <= 0)
406 		return 0;
407 
408 	if (level > MAX_TOPO_LEVEL)
409 		return 0;
410 	/* allocate 2^1 pages = 8K (on i386);
411 	 * should be more than enough for one device */
412 	pages_start = kmalloc(PAGE_SIZE << 1, GFP_NOIO);
413 	if (!pages_start)
414 		return -ENOMEM;
415 
416 	if (usbdev->parent && usbdev->parent->devnum != -1)
417 		parent_devnum = usbdev->parent->devnum;
418 	/*
419 	 * So the root hub's parent is 0 and any device that is
420 	 * plugged into the root hub has a parent of 0.
421 	 */
422 	switch (usbdev->speed) {
423 	case USB_SPEED_LOW:
424 		speed = "1.5"; break;
425 	case USB_SPEED_UNKNOWN:		/* usb 1.1 root hub code */
426 	case USB_SPEED_FULL:
427 		speed = "12"; break;
428 	case USB_SPEED_HIGH:
429 		speed = "480"; break;
430 	case USB_SPEED_SUPER:
431 		speed = "5000"; break;
432 	case USB_SPEED_SUPER_PLUS:
433 		speed = "10000"; break;
434 	default:
435 		speed = "??";
436 	}
437 	data_end = pages_start + sprintf(pages_start, format_topo,
438 			bus->busnum, level, parent_devnum,
439 			index, count, usbdev->devnum,
440 			speed, usbdev->maxchild);
441 	/*
442 	 * level = topology-tier level;
443 	 * parent_devnum = parent device number;
444 	 * index = parent's connector number;
445 	 * count = device count at this level
446 	 */
447 	/* If this is the root hub, display the bandwidth information */
448 	if (level == 0) {
449 		int	max;
450 
451 		/* super/high speed reserves 80%, full/low reserves 90% */
452 		if (usbdev->speed == USB_SPEED_HIGH ||
453 		    usbdev->speed >= USB_SPEED_SUPER)
454 			max = 800;
455 		else
456 			max = FRAME_TIME_MAX_USECS_ALLOC;
457 
458 		/* report "average" periodic allocation over a microsecond.
459 		 * the schedules are actually bursty, HCDs need to deal with
460 		 * that and just compute/report this average.
461 		 */
462 		data_end += sprintf(data_end, format_bandwidth,
463 				bus->bandwidth_allocated, max,
464 				(100 * bus->bandwidth_allocated + max / 2)
465 					/ max,
466 				bus->bandwidth_int_reqs,
467 				bus->bandwidth_isoc_reqs);
468 
469 	}
470 	data_end = usb_dump_desc(data_end, pages_start + (2 * PAGE_SIZE) - 256,
471 				 usbdev);
472 
473 	if (data_end > (pages_start + (2 * PAGE_SIZE) - 256))
474 		data_end += sprintf(data_end, "(truncated)\n");
475 
476 	length = data_end - pages_start;
477 	/* if we can start copying some data to the user */
478 	if (length > *skip_bytes) {
479 		length -= *skip_bytes;
480 		if (length > *nbytes)
481 			length = *nbytes;
482 		if (copy_to_user(*buffer, pages_start + *skip_bytes, length)) {
483 			kfree(pages_start);
484 			return -EFAULT;
485 		}
486 		*nbytes -= length;
487 		*file_offset += length;
488 		total_written += length;
489 		*buffer += length;
490 		*skip_bytes = 0;
491 	} else
492 		*skip_bytes -= length;
493 
494 	kfree(pages_start);
495 
496 	/* Now look at all of this device's children. */
497 	usb_hub_for_each_child(usbdev, chix, childdev) {
498 		usb_lock_device(childdev);
499 		ret = usb_device_dump(buffer, nbytes, skip_bytes,
500 				      file_offset, childdev, bus,
501 				      level + 1, chix - 1, ++cnt);
502 		usb_unlock_device(childdev);
503 		if (ret == -EFAULT)
504 			return total_written;
505 		total_written += ret;
506 	}
507 	return total_written;
508 }
509 
510 static ssize_t usb_device_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf,
511 			       size_t nbytes, loff_t *ppos)
512 {
513 	struct usb_bus *bus;
514 	ssize_t ret, total_written = 0;
515 	loff_t skip_bytes = *ppos;
516 	int id;
517 
518 	if (*ppos < 0)
519 		return -EINVAL;
520 	if (nbytes <= 0)
521 		return 0;
522 
523 	mutex_lock(&usb_bus_idr_lock);
524 	/* print devices for all busses */
525 	idr_for_each_entry(&usb_bus_idr, bus, id) {
526 		/* recurse through all children of the root hub */
527 		if (!bus_to_hcd(bus)->rh_registered)
528 			continue;
529 		usb_lock_device(bus->root_hub);
530 		ret = usb_device_dump(&buf, &nbytes, &skip_bytes, ppos,
531 				      bus->root_hub, bus, 0, 0, 0);
532 		usb_unlock_device(bus->root_hub);
533 		if (ret < 0) {
534 			mutex_unlock(&usb_bus_idr_lock);
535 			return ret;
536 		}
537 		total_written += ret;
538 	}
539 	mutex_unlock(&usb_bus_idr_lock);
540 	return total_written;
541 }
542 
543 const struct file_operations usbfs_devices_fops = {
544 	.llseek =	no_seek_end_llseek,
545 	.read =		usb_device_read,
546 };
547