xref: /linux/drivers/tty/vt/vc_screen.c (revision b68fc09be48edbc47de1a0f3d42ef8adf6c0ac55)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 /*
3  * Provide access to virtual console memory.
4  * /dev/vcs0: the screen as it is being viewed right now (possibly scrolled)
5  * /dev/vcsN: the screen of /dev/ttyN (1 <= N <= 63)
6  *            [minor: N]
7  *
8  * /dev/vcsaN: idem, but including attributes, and prefixed with
9  *	the 4 bytes lines,columns,x,y (as screendump used to give).
10  *	Attribute/character pair is in native endianity.
11  *            [minor: N+128]
12  *
13  * /dev/vcsuN: similar to /dev/vcsaN but using 4-byte unicode values
14  *	instead of 1-byte screen glyph values.
15  *            [minor: N+64]
16  *
17  * /dev/vcsuaN: same idea as /dev/vcsaN for unicode (not yet implemented).
18  *
19  * This replaces screendump and part of selection, so that the system
20  * administrator can control access using file system permissions.
21  *
22  * aeb@cwi.nl - efter Friedas begravelse - 950211
23  *
24  * machek@k332.feld.cvut.cz - modified not to send characters to wrong console
25  *	 - fixed some fatal off-by-one bugs (0-- no longer == -1 -> looping and looping and looping...)
26  *	 - making it shorter - scr_readw are macros which expand in PRETTY long code
27  */
28 
29 #include <linux/kernel.h>
30 #include <linux/major.h>
31 #include <linux/errno.h>
32 #include <linux/export.h>
33 #include <linux/tty.h>
34 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
35 #include <linux/mm.h>
36 #include <linux/init.h>
37 #include <linux/vt_kern.h>
38 #include <linux/selection.h>
39 #include <linux/kbd_kern.h>
40 #include <linux/console.h>
41 #include <linux/device.h>
42 #include <linux/sched.h>
43 #include <linux/fs.h>
44 #include <linux/poll.h>
45 #include <linux/signal.h>
46 #include <linux/slab.h>
47 #include <linux/notifier.h>
48 
49 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
50 #include <asm/byteorder.h>
51 #include <asm/unaligned.h>
52 
53 #undef attr
54 #undef org
55 #undef addr
56 #define HEADER_SIZE	4
57 
58 #define CON_BUF_SIZE (CONFIG_BASE_SMALL ? 256 : PAGE_SIZE)
59 
60 /*
61  * Our minor space:
62  *
63  *   0 ... 63	glyph mode without attributes
64  *  64 ... 127	unicode mode without attributes
65  * 128 ... 191	glyph mode with attributes
66  * 192 ... 255	unused (reserved for unicode with attributes)
67  *
68  * This relies on MAX_NR_CONSOLES being  <= 63, meaning 63 actual consoles
69  * with minors 0, 64, 128 and 192 being proxies for the foreground console.
70  */
71 #if MAX_NR_CONSOLES > 63
72 #warning "/dev/vcs* devices may not accommodate more than 63 consoles"
73 #endif
74 
75 #define console(inode)		(iminor(inode) & 63)
76 #define use_unicode(inode)	(iminor(inode) & 64)
77 #define use_attributes(inode)	(iminor(inode) & 128)
78 
79 
80 struct vcs_poll_data {
81 	struct notifier_block notifier;
82 	unsigned int cons_num;
83 	bool seen_last_update;
84 	wait_queue_head_t waitq;
85 	struct fasync_struct *fasync;
86 };
87 
88 static int
89 vcs_notifier(struct notifier_block *nb, unsigned long code, void *_param)
90 {
91 	struct vt_notifier_param *param = _param;
92 	struct vc_data *vc = param->vc;
93 	struct vcs_poll_data *poll =
94 		container_of(nb, struct vcs_poll_data, notifier);
95 	int currcons = poll->cons_num;
96 
97 	if (code != VT_UPDATE)
98 		return NOTIFY_DONE;
99 
100 	if (currcons == 0)
101 		currcons = fg_console;
102 	else
103 		currcons--;
104 	if (currcons != vc->vc_num)
105 		return NOTIFY_DONE;
106 
107 	poll->seen_last_update = false;
108 	wake_up_interruptible(&poll->waitq);
109 	kill_fasync(&poll->fasync, SIGIO, POLL_IN);
110 	return NOTIFY_OK;
111 }
112 
113 static void
114 vcs_poll_data_free(struct vcs_poll_data *poll)
115 {
116 	unregister_vt_notifier(&poll->notifier);
117 	kfree(poll);
118 }
119 
120 static struct vcs_poll_data *
121 vcs_poll_data_get(struct file *file)
122 {
123 	struct vcs_poll_data *poll = file->private_data, *kill = NULL;
124 
125 	if (poll)
126 		return poll;
127 
128 	poll = kzalloc(sizeof(*poll), GFP_KERNEL);
129 	if (!poll)
130 		return NULL;
131 	poll->cons_num = console(file_inode(file));
132 	init_waitqueue_head(&poll->waitq);
133 	poll->notifier.notifier_call = vcs_notifier;
134 	if (register_vt_notifier(&poll->notifier) != 0) {
135 		kfree(poll);
136 		return NULL;
137 	}
138 
139 	/*
140 	 * This code may be called either through ->poll() or ->fasync().
141 	 * If we have two threads using the same file descriptor, they could
142 	 * both enter this function, both notice that the structure hasn't
143 	 * been allocated yet and go ahead allocating it in parallel, but
144 	 * only one of them must survive and be shared otherwise we'd leak
145 	 * memory with a dangling notifier callback.
146 	 */
147 	spin_lock(&file->f_lock);
148 	if (!file->private_data) {
149 		file->private_data = poll;
150 	} else {
151 		/* someone else raced ahead of us */
152 		kill = poll;
153 		poll = file->private_data;
154 	}
155 	spin_unlock(&file->f_lock);
156 	if (kill)
157 		vcs_poll_data_free(kill);
158 
159 	return poll;
160 }
161 
162 /*
163  * Returns VC for inode.
164  * Must be called with console_lock.
165  */
166 static struct vc_data*
167 vcs_vc(struct inode *inode, int *viewed)
168 {
169 	unsigned int currcons = console(inode);
170 
171 	WARN_CONSOLE_UNLOCKED();
172 
173 	if (currcons == 0) {
174 		currcons = fg_console;
175 		if (viewed)
176 			*viewed = 1;
177 	} else {
178 		currcons--;
179 		if (viewed)
180 			*viewed = 0;
181 	}
182 	return vc_cons[currcons].d;
183 }
184 
185 /*
186  * Returns size for VC carried by inode.
187  * Must be called with console_lock.
188  */
189 static int
190 vcs_size(struct inode *inode)
191 {
192 	int size;
193 	struct vc_data *vc;
194 
195 	WARN_CONSOLE_UNLOCKED();
196 
197 	vc = vcs_vc(inode, NULL);
198 	if (!vc)
199 		return -ENXIO;
200 
201 	size = vc->vc_rows * vc->vc_cols;
202 
203 	if (use_attributes(inode)) {
204 		if (use_unicode(inode))
205 			return -EOPNOTSUPP;
206 		size = 2*size + HEADER_SIZE;
207 	} else if (use_unicode(inode))
208 		size *= 4;
209 	return size;
210 }
211 
212 static loff_t vcs_lseek(struct file *file, loff_t offset, int orig)
213 {
214 	int size;
215 
216 	console_lock();
217 	size = vcs_size(file_inode(file));
218 	console_unlock();
219 	if (size < 0)
220 		return size;
221 	return fixed_size_llseek(file, offset, orig, size);
222 }
223 
224 
225 static ssize_t
226 vcs_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf, size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
227 {
228 	struct inode *inode = file_inode(file);
229 	struct vc_data *vc;
230 	struct vcs_poll_data *poll;
231 	long pos, read;
232 	int attr, uni_mode, row, col, maxcol, viewed;
233 	unsigned short *org = NULL;
234 	ssize_t ret;
235 	char *con_buf;
236 
237 	con_buf = (char *) __get_free_page(GFP_KERNEL);
238 	if (!con_buf)
239 		return -ENOMEM;
240 
241 	pos = *ppos;
242 
243 	/* Select the proper current console and verify
244 	 * sanity of the situation under the console lock.
245 	 */
246 	console_lock();
247 
248 	uni_mode = use_unicode(inode);
249 	attr = use_attributes(inode);
250 	ret = -ENXIO;
251 	vc = vcs_vc(inode, &viewed);
252 	if (!vc)
253 		goto unlock_out;
254 
255 	ret = -EINVAL;
256 	if (pos < 0)
257 		goto unlock_out;
258 	/* we enforce 32-bit alignment for pos and count in unicode mode */
259 	if (uni_mode && (pos | count) & 3)
260 		goto unlock_out;
261 
262 	poll = file->private_data;
263 	if (count && poll)
264 		poll->seen_last_update = true;
265 	read = 0;
266 	ret = 0;
267 	while (count) {
268 		char *con_buf0, *con_buf_start;
269 		long this_round, size;
270 		ssize_t orig_count;
271 		long p = pos;
272 
273 		/* Check whether we are above size each round,
274 		 * as copy_to_user at the end of this loop
275 		 * could sleep.
276 		 */
277 		size = vcs_size(inode);
278 		if (size < 0) {
279 			if (read)
280 				break;
281 			ret = size;
282 			goto unlock_out;
283 		}
284 		if (pos >= size)
285 			break;
286 		if (count > size - pos)
287 			count = size - pos;
288 
289 		this_round = count;
290 		if (this_round > CON_BUF_SIZE)
291 			this_round = CON_BUF_SIZE;
292 
293 		/* Perform the whole read into the local con_buf.
294 		 * Then we can drop the console spinlock and safely
295 		 * attempt to move it to userspace.
296 		 */
297 
298 		con_buf_start = con_buf0 = con_buf;
299 		orig_count = this_round;
300 		maxcol = vc->vc_cols;
301 		if (uni_mode) {
302 			unsigned int nr;
303 
304 			ret = vc_uniscr_check(vc);
305 			if (ret)
306 				break;
307 			p /= 4;
308 			row = p / vc->vc_cols;
309 			col = p % maxcol;
310 			nr = maxcol - col;
311 			do {
312 				if (nr > this_round/4)
313 					nr = this_round/4;
314 				vc_uniscr_copy_line(vc, con_buf0, viewed,
315 						    row, col, nr);
316 				con_buf0 += nr * 4;
317 				this_round -= nr * 4;
318 				row++;
319 				col = 0;
320 				nr = maxcol;
321 			} while (this_round);
322 		} else if (!attr) {
323 			org = screen_pos(vc, p, viewed);
324 			col = p % maxcol;
325 			p += maxcol - col;
326 			while (this_round-- > 0) {
327 				*con_buf0++ = (vcs_scr_readw(vc, org++) & 0xff);
328 				if (++col == maxcol) {
329 					org = screen_pos(vc, p, viewed);
330 					col = 0;
331 					p += maxcol;
332 				}
333 			}
334 		} else {
335 			if (p < HEADER_SIZE) {
336 				size_t tmp_count;
337 
338 				con_buf0[0] = (char)vc->vc_rows;
339 				con_buf0[1] = (char)vc->vc_cols;
340 				getconsxy(vc, con_buf0 + 2);
341 
342 				con_buf_start += p;
343 				this_round += p;
344 				if (this_round > CON_BUF_SIZE) {
345 					this_round = CON_BUF_SIZE;
346 					orig_count = this_round - p;
347 				}
348 
349 				tmp_count = HEADER_SIZE;
350 				if (tmp_count > this_round)
351 					tmp_count = this_round;
352 
353 				/* Advance state pointers and move on. */
354 				this_round -= tmp_count;
355 				p = HEADER_SIZE;
356 				con_buf0 = con_buf + HEADER_SIZE;
357 				/* If this_round >= 0, then p is even... */
358 			} else if (p & 1) {
359 				/* Skip first byte for output if start address is odd
360 				 * Update region sizes up/down depending on free
361 				 * space in buffer.
362 				 */
363 				con_buf_start++;
364 				if (this_round < CON_BUF_SIZE)
365 					this_round++;
366 				else
367 					orig_count--;
368 			}
369 			if (this_round > 0) {
370 				unsigned short *tmp_buf = (unsigned short *)con_buf0;
371 
372 				p -= HEADER_SIZE;
373 				p /= 2;
374 				col = p % maxcol;
375 
376 				org = screen_pos(vc, p, viewed);
377 				p += maxcol - col;
378 
379 				/* Buffer has even length, so we can always copy
380 				 * character + attribute. We do not copy last byte
381 				 * to userspace if this_round is odd.
382 				 */
383 				this_round = (this_round + 1) >> 1;
384 
385 				while (this_round) {
386 					*tmp_buf++ = vcs_scr_readw(vc, org++);
387 					this_round --;
388 					if (++col == maxcol) {
389 						org = screen_pos(vc, p, viewed);
390 						col = 0;
391 						p += maxcol;
392 					}
393 				}
394 			}
395 		}
396 
397 		/* Finally, release the console semaphore while we push
398 		 * all the data to userspace from our temporary buffer.
399 		 *
400 		 * AKPM: Even though it's a semaphore, we should drop it because
401 		 * the pagefault handling code may want to call printk().
402 		 */
403 
404 		console_unlock();
405 		ret = copy_to_user(buf, con_buf_start, orig_count);
406 		console_lock();
407 
408 		if (ret) {
409 			read += (orig_count - ret);
410 			ret = -EFAULT;
411 			break;
412 		}
413 		buf += orig_count;
414 		pos += orig_count;
415 		read += orig_count;
416 		count -= orig_count;
417 	}
418 	*ppos += read;
419 	if (read)
420 		ret = read;
421 unlock_out:
422 	console_unlock();
423 	free_page((unsigned long) con_buf);
424 	return ret;
425 }
426 
427 static ssize_t
428 vcs_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buf, size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
429 {
430 	struct inode *inode = file_inode(file);
431 	struct vc_data *vc;
432 	long pos;
433 	long attr, size, written;
434 	char *con_buf0;
435 	int col, maxcol, viewed;
436 	u16 *org0 = NULL, *org = NULL;
437 	size_t ret;
438 	char *con_buf;
439 
440 	con_buf = (char *) __get_free_page(GFP_KERNEL);
441 	if (!con_buf)
442 		return -ENOMEM;
443 
444 	pos = *ppos;
445 
446 	/* Select the proper current console and verify
447 	 * sanity of the situation under the console lock.
448 	 */
449 	console_lock();
450 
451 	attr = use_attributes(inode);
452 	ret = -ENXIO;
453 	vc = vcs_vc(inode, &viewed);
454 	if (!vc)
455 		goto unlock_out;
456 
457 	size = vcs_size(inode);
458 	ret = -EINVAL;
459 	if (pos < 0 || pos > size)
460 		goto unlock_out;
461 	if (count > size - pos)
462 		count = size - pos;
463 	written = 0;
464 	while (count) {
465 		long this_round = count;
466 		size_t orig_count;
467 		long p;
468 
469 		if (this_round > CON_BUF_SIZE)
470 			this_round = CON_BUF_SIZE;
471 
472 		/* Temporarily drop the console lock so that we can read
473 		 * in the write data from userspace safely.
474 		 */
475 		console_unlock();
476 		ret = copy_from_user(con_buf, buf, this_round);
477 		console_lock();
478 
479 		if (ret) {
480 			this_round -= ret;
481 			if (!this_round) {
482 				/* Abort loop if no data were copied. Otherwise
483 				 * fail with -EFAULT.
484 				 */
485 				if (written)
486 					break;
487 				ret = -EFAULT;
488 				goto unlock_out;
489 			}
490 		}
491 
492 		/* The vcs_size might have changed while we slept to grab
493 		 * the user buffer, so recheck.
494 		 * Return data written up to now on failure.
495 		 */
496 		size = vcs_size(inode);
497 		if (size < 0) {
498 			if (written)
499 				break;
500 			ret = size;
501 			goto unlock_out;
502 		}
503 		if (pos >= size)
504 			break;
505 		if (this_round > size - pos)
506 			this_round = size - pos;
507 
508 		/* OK, now actually push the write to the console
509 		 * under the lock using the local kernel buffer.
510 		 */
511 
512 		con_buf0 = con_buf;
513 		orig_count = this_round;
514 		maxcol = vc->vc_cols;
515 		p = pos;
516 		if (!attr) {
517 			org0 = org = screen_pos(vc, p, viewed);
518 			col = p % maxcol;
519 			p += maxcol - col;
520 
521 			while (this_round > 0) {
522 				unsigned char c = *con_buf0++;
523 
524 				this_round--;
525 				vcs_scr_writew(vc,
526 					       (vcs_scr_readw(vc, org) & 0xff00) | c, org);
527 				org++;
528 				if (++col == maxcol) {
529 					org = screen_pos(vc, p, viewed);
530 					col = 0;
531 					p += maxcol;
532 				}
533 			}
534 		} else {
535 			if (p < HEADER_SIZE) {
536 				char header[HEADER_SIZE];
537 
538 				getconsxy(vc, header + 2);
539 				while (p < HEADER_SIZE && this_round > 0) {
540 					this_round--;
541 					header[p++] = *con_buf0++;
542 				}
543 				if (!viewed)
544 					putconsxy(vc, header + 2);
545 			}
546 			p -= HEADER_SIZE;
547 			col = (p/2) % maxcol;
548 			if (this_round > 0) {
549 				org0 = org = screen_pos(vc, p/2, viewed);
550 				if ((p & 1) && this_round > 0) {
551 					char c;
552 
553 					this_round--;
554 					c = *con_buf0++;
555 #ifdef __BIG_ENDIAN
556 					vcs_scr_writew(vc, c |
557 					     (vcs_scr_readw(vc, org) & 0xff00), org);
558 #else
559 					vcs_scr_writew(vc, (c << 8) |
560 					     (vcs_scr_readw(vc, org) & 0xff), org);
561 #endif
562 					org++;
563 					p++;
564 					if (++col == maxcol) {
565 						org = screen_pos(vc, p/2, viewed);
566 						col = 0;
567 					}
568 				}
569 				p /= 2;
570 				p += maxcol - col;
571 			}
572 			while (this_round > 1) {
573 				unsigned short w;
574 
575 				w = get_unaligned(((unsigned short *)con_buf0));
576 				vcs_scr_writew(vc, w, org++);
577 				con_buf0 += 2;
578 				this_round -= 2;
579 				if (++col == maxcol) {
580 					org = screen_pos(vc, p, viewed);
581 					col = 0;
582 					p += maxcol;
583 				}
584 			}
585 			if (this_round > 0) {
586 				unsigned char c;
587 
588 				c = *con_buf0++;
589 #ifdef __BIG_ENDIAN
590 				vcs_scr_writew(vc, (vcs_scr_readw(vc, org) & 0xff) | (c << 8), org);
591 #else
592 				vcs_scr_writew(vc, (vcs_scr_readw(vc, org) & 0xff00) | c, org);
593 #endif
594 			}
595 		}
596 		count -= orig_count;
597 		written += orig_count;
598 		buf += orig_count;
599 		pos += orig_count;
600 		if (org0)
601 			update_region(vc, (unsigned long)(org0), org - org0);
602 	}
603 	*ppos += written;
604 	ret = written;
605 	if (written)
606 		vcs_scr_updated(vc);
607 
608 unlock_out:
609 	console_unlock();
610 	free_page((unsigned long) con_buf);
611 	return ret;
612 }
613 
614 static __poll_t
615 vcs_poll(struct file *file, poll_table *wait)
616 {
617 	struct vcs_poll_data *poll = vcs_poll_data_get(file);
618 	__poll_t ret = DEFAULT_POLLMASK|EPOLLERR|EPOLLPRI;
619 
620 	if (poll) {
621 		poll_wait(file, &poll->waitq, wait);
622 		if (poll->seen_last_update)
623 			ret = DEFAULT_POLLMASK;
624 	}
625 	return ret;
626 }
627 
628 static int
629 vcs_fasync(int fd, struct file *file, int on)
630 {
631 	struct vcs_poll_data *poll = file->private_data;
632 
633 	if (!poll) {
634 		/* don't allocate anything if all we want is disable fasync */
635 		if (!on)
636 			return 0;
637 		poll = vcs_poll_data_get(file);
638 		if (!poll)
639 			return -ENOMEM;
640 	}
641 
642 	return fasync_helper(fd, file, on, &poll->fasync);
643 }
644 
645 static int
646 vcs_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
647 {
648 	unsigned int currcons = console(inode);
649 	bool attr = use_attributes(inode);
650 	bool uni_mode = use_unicode(inode);
651 	int ret = 0;
652 
653 	/* we currently don't support attributes in unicode mode */
654 	if (attr && uni_mode)
655 		return -EOPNOTSUPP;
656 
657 	console_lock();
658 	if(currcons && !vc_cons_allocated(currcons-1))
659 		ret = -ENXIO;
660 	console_unlock();
661 	return ret;
662 }
663 
664 static int vcs_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
665 {
666 	struct vcs_poll_data *poll = file->private_data;
667 
668 	if (poll)
669 		vcs_poll_data_free(poll);
670 	return 0;
671 }
672 
673 static const struct file_operations vcs_fops = {
674 	.llseek		= vcs_lseek,
675 	.read		= vcs_read,
676 	.write		= vcs_write,
677 	.poll		= vcs_poll,
678 	.fasync		= vcs_fasync,
679 	.open		= vcs_open,
680 	.release	= vcs_release,
681 };
682 
683 static struct class *vc_class;
684 
685 void vcs_make_sysfs(int index)
686 {
687 	device_create(vc_class, NULL, MKDEV(VCS_MAJOR, index + 1), NULL,
688 		      "vcs%u", index + 1);
689 	device_create(vc_class, NULL, MKDEV(VCS_MAJOR, index + 65), NULL,
690 		      "vcsu%u", index + 1);
691 	device_create(vc_class, NULL, MKDEV(VCS_MAJOR, index + 129), NULL,
692 		      "vcsa%u", index + 1);
693 }
694 
695 void vcs_remove_sysfs(int index)
696 {
697 	device_destroy(vc_class, MKDEV(VCS_MAJOR, index + 1));
698 	device_destroy(vc_class, MKDEV(VCS_MAJOR, index + 65));
699 	device_destroy(vc_class, MKDEV(VCS_MAJOR, index + 129));
700 }
701 
702 int __init vcs_init(void)
703 {
704 	unsigned int i;
705 
706 	if (register_chrdev(VCS_MAJOR, "vcs", &vcs_fops))
707 		panic("unable to get major %d for vcs device", VCS_MAJOR);
708 	vc_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "vc");
709 
710 	device_create(vc_class, NULL, MKDEV(VCS_MAJOR, 0), NULL, "vcs");
711 	device_create(vc_class, NULL, MKDEV(VCS_MAJOR, 64), NULL, "vcsu");
712 	device_create(vc_class, NULL, MKDEV(VCS_MAJOR, 128), NULL, "vcsa");
713 	for (i = 0; i < MIN_NR_CONSOLES; i++)
714 		vcs_make_sysfs(i);
715 	return 0;
716 }
717