xref: /linux/drivers/spi/spidev.c (revision 26ba30221c03364d6ed9910be8da4c1fd871b07b)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
2 /*
3  * Simple synchronous userspace interface to SPI devices
4  *
5  * Copyright (C) 2006 SWAPP
6  *	Andrea Paterniani <a.paterniani@swapp-eng.it>
7  * Copyright (C) 2007 David Brownell (simplification, cleanup)
8  */
9 
10 #include <linux/init.h>
11 #include <linux/ioctl.h>
12 #include <linux/fs.h>
13 #include <linux/device.h>
14 #include <linux/err.h>
15 #include <linux/list.h>
16 #include <linux/errno.h>
17 #include <linux/module.h>
18 #include <linux/mutex.h>
19 #include <linux/property.h>
20 #include <linux/slab.h>
21 #include <linux/compat.h>
22 
23 #include <linux/spi/spi.h>
24 #include <linux/spi/spidev.h>
25 
26 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
27 
28 
29 /*
30  * This supports access to SPI devices using normal userspace I/O calls.
31  * Note that while traditional UNIX/POSIX I/O semantics are half duplex,
32  * and often mask message boundaries, full SPI support requires full duplex
33  * transfers.  There are several kinds of internal message boundaries to
34  * handle chipselect management and other protocol options.
35  *
36  * SPI has a character major number assigned.  We allocate minor numbers
37  * dynamically using a bitmask.  You must use hotplug tools, such as udev
38  * (or mdev with busybox) to create and destroy the /dev/spidevB.C device
39  * nodes, since there is no fixed association of minor numbers with any
40  * particular SPI bus or device.
41  */
42 #define SPIDEV_MAJOR			153	/* assigned */
43 #define N_SPI_MINORS			32	/* ... up to 256 */
44 
45 static DECLARE_BITMAP(minors, N_SPI_MINORS);
46 
47 static_assert(N_SPI_MINORS > 0 && N_SPI_MINORS <= 256);
48 
49 /* Bit masks for spi_device.mode management.  Note that incorrect
50  * settings for some settings can cause *lots* of trouble for other
51  * devices on a shared bus:
52  *
53  *  - CS_HIGH ... this device will be active when it shouldn't be
54  *  - 3WIRE ... when active, it won't behave as it should
55  *  - NO_CS ... there will be no explicit message boundaries; this
56  *	is completely incompatible with the shared bus model
57  *  - READY ... transfers may proceed when they shouldn't.
58  *
59  * REVISIT should changing those flags be privileged?
60  */
61 #define SPI_MODE_MASK		(SPI_MODE_X_MASK | SPI_CS_HIGH \
62 				| SPI_LSB_FIRST | SPI_3WIRE | SPI_LOOP \
63 				| SPI_NO_CS | SPI_READY | SPI_TX_DUAL \
64 				| SPI_TX_QUAD | SPI_TX_OCTAL | SPI_RX_DUAL \
65 				| SPI_RX_QUAD | SPI_RX_OCTAL \
66 				| SPI_RX_CPHA_FLIP | SPI_3WIRE_HIZ \
67 				| SPI_MOSI_IDLE_LOW)
68 
69 struct spidev_data {
70 	dev_t			devt;
71 	struct mutex		spi_lock;
72 	struct spi_device	*spi;
73 	struct list_head	device_entry;
74 
75 	/* TX/RX buffers are NULL unless this device is open (users > 0) */
76 	unsigned		users;
77 	u8			*tx_buffer;
78 	u8			*rx_buffer;
79 	u32			speed_hz;
80 };
81 
82 static LIST_HEAD(device_list);
83 static DEFINE_MUTEX(device_list_lock);
84 
85 static unsigned bufsiz = 4096;
86 module_param(bufsiz, uint, S_IRUGO);
87 MODULE_PARM_DESC(bufsiz, "data bytes in biggest supported SPI message");
88 
89 /*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
90 
91 static ssize_t
92 spidev_sync_unlocked(struct spi_device *spi, struct spi_message *message)
93 {
94 	ssize_t status;
95 
96 	status = spi_sync(spi, message);
97 	if (status == 0)
98 		status = message->actual_length;
99 
100 	return status;
101 }
102 
103 static inline ssize_t
104 spidev_sync_write(struct spidev_data *spidev, size_t len)
105 {
106 	struct spi_transfer	t = {
107 			.tx_buf		= spidev->tx_buffer,
108 			.len		= len,
109 			.speed_hz	= spidev->speed_hz,
110 		};
111 	struct spi_message	m;
112 
113 	spi_message_init(&m);
114 	spi_message_add_tail(&t, &m);
115 
116 	return spidev_sync_unlocked(spidev->spi, &m);
117 }
118 
119 static inline ssize_t
120 spidev_sync_read(struct spidev_data *spidev, size_t len)
121 {
122 	struct spi_transfer	t = {
123 			.rx_buf		= spidev->rx_buffer,
124 			.len		= len,
125 			.speed_hz	= spidev->speed_hz,
126 		};
127 	struct spi_message	m;
128 
129 	spi_message_init(&m);
130 	spi_message_add_tail(&t, &m);
131 
132 	return spidev_sync_unlocked(spidev->spi, &m);
133 }
134 
135 /*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
136 
137 /* Read-only message with current device setup */
138 static ssize_t
139 spidev_read(struct file *filp, char __user *buf, size_t count, loff_t *f_pos)
140 {
141 	struct spidev_data	*spidev;
142 	ssize_t			status = -ESHUTDOWN;
143 
144 	/* chipselect only toggles at start or end of operation */
145 	if (count > bufsiz)
146 		return -EMSGSIZE;
147 
148 	spidev = filp->private_data;
149 
150 	mutex_lock(&spidev->spi_lock);
151 
152 	if (spidev->spi == NULL)
153 		goto err_spi_removed;
154 
155 	status = spidev_sync_read(spidev, count);
156 	if (status > 0) {
157 		unsigned long	missing;
158 
159 		missing = copy_to_user(buf, spidev->rx_buffer, status);
160 		if (missing == status)
161 			status = -EFAULT;
162 		else
163 			status = status - missing;
164 	}
165 
166 err_spi_removed:
167 	mutex_unlock(&spidev->spi_lock);
168 
169 	return status;
170 }
171 
172 /* Write-only message with current device setup */
173 static ssize_t
174 spidev_write(struct file *filp, const char __user *buf,
175 		size_t count, loff_t *f_pos)
176 {
177 	struct spidev_data	*spidev;
178 	ssize_t			status = -ESHUTDOWN;
179 	unsigned long		missing;
180 
181 	/* chipselect only toggles at start or end of operation */
182 	if (count > bufsiz)
183 		return -EMSGSIZE;
184 
185 	spidev = filp->private_data;
186 
187 	mutex_lock(&spidev->spi_lock);
188 
189 	if (spidev->spi == NULL)
190 		goto err_spi_removed;
191 
192 	missing = copy_from_user(spidev->tx_buffer, buf, count);
193 	if (missing == 0)
194 		status = spidev_sync_write(spidev, count);
195 	else
196 		status = -EFAULT;
197 
198 err_spi_removed:
199 	mutex_unlock(&spidev->spi_lock);
200 
201 	return status;
202 }
203 
204 static int spidev_message(struct spidev_data *spidev,
205 		struct spi_ioc_transfer *u_xfers, unsigned n_xfers)
206 {
207 	struct spi_message	msg;
208 	struct spi_transfer	*k_xfers;
209 	struct spi_transfer	*k_tmp;
210 	struct spi_ioc_transfer *u_tmp;
211 	unsigned		n, total, tx_total, rx_total;
212 	u8			*tx_buf, *rx_buf;
213 	int			status = -EFAULT;
214 
215 	spi_message_init(&msg);
216 	k_xfers = kzalloc_objs(*k_tmp, n_xfers);
217 	if (k_xfers == NULL)
218 		return -ENOMEM;
219 
220 	/* Construct spi_message, copying any tx data to bounce buffer.
221 	 * We walk the array of user-provided transfers, using each one
222 	 * to initialize a kernel version of the same transfer.
223 	 */
224 	tx_buf = spidev->tx_buffer;
225 	rx_buf = spidev->rx_buffer;
226 	total = 0;
227 	tx_total = 0;
228 	rx_total = 0;
229 	for (n = n_xfers, k_tmp = k_xfers, u_tmp = u_xfers;
230 			n;
231 			n--, k_tmp++, u_tmp++) {
232 		/* Ensure that also following allocations from rx_buf/tx_buf will meet
233 		 * DMA alignment requirements.
234 		 */
235 		unsigned int len_aligned = ALIGN(u_tmp->len, ARCH_DMA_MINALIGN);
236 
237 		k_tmp->len = u_tmp->len;
238 
239 		total += k_tmp->len;
240 		/* Since the function returns the total length of transfers
241 		 * on success, restrict the total to positive int values to
242 		 * avoid the return value looking like an error.  Also check
243 		 * each transfer length to avoid arithmetic overflow.
244 		 */
245 		if (total > INT_MAX || k_tmp->len > INT_MAX) {
246 			status = -EMSGSIZE;
247 			goto done;
248 		}
249 
250 		if (u_tmp->rx_buf) {
251 			/* this transfer needs space in RX bounce buffer */
252 			rx_total += len_aligned;
253 			if (rx_total > bufsiz) {
254 				status = -EMSGSIZE;
255 				goto done;
256 			}
257 			k_tmp->rx_buf = rx_buf;
258 			rx_buf += len_aligned;
259 		}
260 		if (u_tmp->tx_buf) {
261 			/* this transfer needs space in TX bounce buffer */
262 			tx_total += len_aligned;
263 			if (tx_total > bufsiz) {
264 				status = -EMSGSIZE;
265 				goto done;
266 			}
267 			k_tmp->tx_buf = tx_buf;
268 			if (copy_from_user(tx_buf, (const u8 __user *)
269 						(uintptr_t) u_tmp->tx_buf,
270 					u_tmp->len))
271 				goto done;
272 			tx_buf += len_aligned;
273 		}
274 
275 		k_tmp->cs_change = !!u_tmp->cs_change;
276 		k_tmp->tx_nbits = u_tmp->tx_nbits;
277 		k_tmp->rx_nbits = u_tmp->rx_nbits;
278 		k_tmp->bits_per_word = u_tmp->bits_per_word;
279 		k_tmp->delay.value = u_tmp->delay_usecs;
280 		k_tmp->delay.unit = SPI_DELAY_UNIT_USECS;
281 		k_tmp->speed_hz = u_tmp->speed_hz;
282 		k_tmp->word_delay.value = u_tmp->word_delay_usecs;
283 		k_tmp->word_delay.unit = SPI_DELAY_UNIT_USECS;
284 		if (!k_tmp->speed_hz)
285 			k_tmp->speed_hz = spidev->speed_hz;
286 #ifdef VERBOSE
287 		dev_dbg(&spidev->spi->dev,
288 			"  xfer len %u %s%s%s%dbits %u usec %u usec %uHz\n",
289 			k_tmp->len,
290 			k_tmp->rx_buf ? "rx " : "",
291 			k_tmp->tx_buf ? "tx " : "",
292 			k_tmp->cs_change ? "cs " : "",
293 			k_tmp->bits_per_word ? : spidev->spi->bits_per_word,
294 			k_tmp->delay.value,
295 			k_tmp->word_delay.value,
296 			k_tmp->speed_hz ? : spidev->spi->max_speed_hz);
297 #endif
298 		spi_message_add_tail(k_tmp, &msg);
299 	}
300 
301 	status = spidev_sync_unlocked(spidev->spi, &msg);
302 	if (status < 0)
303 		goto done;
304 
305 	/* copy any rx data out of bounce buffer */
306 	for (n = n_xfers, k_tmp = k_xfers, u_tmp = u_xfers;
307 			n;
308 			n--, k_tmp++, u_tmp++) {
309 		if (u_tmp->rx_buf) {
310 			if (copy_to_user((u8 __user *)
311 					(uintptr_t) u_tmp->rx_buf, k_tmp->rx_buf,
312 					u_tmp->len)) {
313 				status = -EFAULT;
314 				goto done;
315 			}
316 		}
317 	}
318 	status = total;
319 
320 done:
321 	kfree(k_xfers);
322 	return status;
323 }
324 
325 static struct spi_ioc_transfer *
326 spidev_get_ioc_message(unsigned int cmd, struct spi_ioc_transfer __user *u_ioc,
327 		unsigned *n_ioc)
328 {
329 	u32	tmp;
330 
331 	/* Check type, command number and direction */
332 	if (_IOC_TYPE(cmd) != SPI_IOC_MAGIC
333 			|| _IOC_NR(cmd) != _IOC_NR(SPI_IOC_MESSAGE(0))
334 			|| _IOC_DIR(cmd) != _IOC_WRITE)
335 		return ERR_PTR(-ENOTTY);
336 
337 	tmp = _IOC_SIZE(cmd);
338 	if ((tmp % sizeof(struct spi_ioc_transfer)) != 0)
339 		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
340 	*n_ioc = tmp / sizeof(struct spi_ioc_transfer);
341 	if (*n_ioc == 0)
342 		return NULL;
343 
344 	/* copy into scratch area */
345 	return memdup_user(u_ioc, tmp);
346 }
347 
348 static long
349 spidev_ioctl(struct file *filp, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
350 {
351 	int			retval = 0;
352 	struct spidev_data	*spidev;
353 	struct spi_device	*spi;
354 	struct spi_controller	*ctlr;
355 	u32			tmp;
356 	unsigned		n_ioc;
357 	struct spi_ioc_transfer	*ioc;
358 
359 	/* Check type and command number */
360 	if (_IOC_TYPE(cmd) != SPI_IOC_MAGIC)
361 		return -ENOTTY;
362 
363 	/* guard against device removal before, or while,
364 	 * we issue this ioctl.
365 	 */
366 	spidev = filp->private_data;
367 	mutex_lock(&spidev->spi_lock);
368 	spi = spi_dev_get(spidev->spi);
369 	if (spi == NULL) {
370 		mutex_unlock(&spidev->spi_lock);
371 		return -ESHUTDOWN;
372 	}
373 
374 	ctlr = spi->controller;
375 
376 	switch (cmd) {
377 	/* read requests */
378 	case SPI_IOC_RD_MODE:
379 	case SPI_IOC_RD_MODE32:
380 		tmp = spi->mode & SPI_MODE_MASK;
381 
382 		if (ctlr->use_gpio_descriptors && spi_get_csgpiod(spi, 0))
383 			tmp &= ~SPI_CS_HIGH;
384 
385 		if (cmd == SPI_IOC_RD_MODE)
386 			retval = put_user(tmp, (__u8 __user *)arg);
387 		else
388 			retval = put_user(tmp, (__u32 __user *)arg);
389 		break;
390 	case SPI_IOC_RD_LSB_FIRST:
391 		retval = put_user((spi->mode & SPI_LSB_FIRST) ?  1 : 0,
392 					(__u8 __user *)arg);
393 		break;
394 	case SPI_IOC_RD_BITS_PER_WORD:
395 		retval = put_user(spi->bits_per_word, (__u8 __user *)arg);
396 		break;
397 	case SPI_IOC_RD_MAX_SPEED_HZ:
398 		retval = put_user(spidev->speed_hz, (__u32 __user *)arg);
399 		break;
400 
401 	/* write requests */
402 	case SPI_IOC_WR_MODE:
403 	case SPI_IOC_WR_MODE32:
404 		if (cmd == SPI_IOC_WR_MODE)
405 			retval = get_user(tmp, (u8 __user *)arg);
406 		else
407 			retval = get_user(tmp, (u32 __user *)arg);
408 		if (retval == 0) {
409 			u32	save = spi->mode;
410 
411 			if (tmp & ~SPI_MODE_MASK) {
412 				retval = -EINVAL;
413 				break;
414 			}
415 
416 			if (ctlr->use_gpio_descriptors && spi_get_csgpiod(spi, 0))
417 				tmp |= SPI_CS_HIGH;
418 
419 			tmp |= spi->mode & ~SPI_MODE_MASK;
420 			spi->mode = tmp & SPI_MODE_USER_MASK;
421 			retval = spi_setup(spi);
422 			if (retval < 0)
423 				spi->mode = save;
424 			else
425 				dev_dbg(&spi->dev, "spi mode %x\n", tmp);
426 		}
427 		break;
428 	case SPI_IOC_WR_LSB_FIRST:
429 		retval = get_user(tmp, (__u8 __user *)arg);
430 		if (retval == 0) {
431 			u32	save = spi->mode;
432 
433 			if (tmp)
434 				spi->mode |= SPI_LSB_FIRST;
435 			else
436 				spi->mode &= ~SPI_LSB_FIRST;
437 			retval = spi_setup(spi);
438 			if (retval < 0)
439 				spi->mode = save;
440 			else
441 				dev_dbg(&spi->dev, "%csb first\n",
442 						tmp ? 'l' : 'm');
443 		}
444 		break;
445 	case SPI_IOC_WR_BITS_PER_WORD:
446 		retval = get_user(tmp, (__u8 __user *)arg);
447 		if (retval == 0) {
448 			u8	save = spi->bits_per_word;
449 
450 			spi->bits_per_word = tmp;
451 			retval = spi_setup(spi);
452 			if (retval < 0)
453 				spi->bits_per_word = save;
454 			else
455 				dev_dbg(&spi->dev, "%d bits per word\n", tmp);
456 		}
457 		break;
458 	case SPI_IOC_WR_MAX_SPEED_HZ: {
459 		u32 save;
460 
461 		retval = get_user(tmp, (__u32 __user *)arg);
462 		if (retval)
463 			break;
464 		if (tmp == 0) {
465 			retval = -EINVAL;
466 			break;
467 		}
468 
469 		save = spi->max_speed_hz;
470 
471 		spi->max_speed_hz = tmp;
472 		retval = spi_setup(spi);
473 		if (retval == 0) {
474 			spidev->speed_hz = tmp;
475 			dev_dbg(&spi->dev, "%d Hz (max)\n", spidev->speed_hz);
476 		}
477 
478 		spi->max_speed_hz = save;
479 		break;
480 	}
481 	default:
482 		/* segmented and/or full-duplex I/O request */
483 		/* Check message and copy into scratch area */
484 		ioc = spidev_get_ioc_message(cmd,
485 				(struct spi_ioc_transfer __user *)arg, &n_ioc);
486 		if (IS_ERR(ioc)) {
487 			retval = PTR_ERR(ioc);
488 			break;
489 		}
490 		if (!ioc)
491 			break;	/* n_ioc is also 0 */
492 
493 		/* translate to spi_message, execute */
494 		retval = spidev_message(spidev, ioc, n_ioc);
495 		kfree(ioc);
496 		break;
497 	}
498 
499 	spi_dev_put(spi);
500 	mutex_unlock(&spidev->spi_lock);
501 	return retval;
502 }
503 
504 #ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
505 static long
506 spidev_compat_ioc_message(struct file *filp, unsigned int cmd,
507 		unsigned long arg)
508 {
509 	struct spi_ioc_transfer __user	*u_ioc;
510 	int				retval = 0;
511 	struct spidev_data		*spidev;
512 	struct spi_device		*spi;
513 	unsigned			n_ioc, n;
514 	struct spi_ioc_transfer		*ioc;
515 
516 	u_ioc = (struct spi_ioc_transfer __user *) compat_ptr(arg);
517 
518 	/* guard against device removal before, or while,
519 	 * we issue this ioctl.
520 	 */
521 	spidev = filp->private_data;
522 	mutex_lock(&spidev->spi_lock);
523 	spi = spi_dev_get(spidev->spi);
524 	if (spi == NULL) {
525 		mutex_unlock(&spidev->spi_lock);
526 		return -ESHUTDOWN;
527 	}
528 
529 	/* Check message and copy into scratch area */
530 	ioc = spidev_get_ioc_message(cmd, u_ioc, &n_ioc);
531 	if (IS_ERR(ioc)) {
532 		retval = PTR_ERR(ioc);
533 		goto done;
534 	}
535 	if (!ioc)
536 		goto done;	/* n_ioc is also 0 */
537 
538 	/* Convert buffer pointers */
539 	for (n = 0; n < n_ioc; n++) {
540 		ioc[n].rx_buf = (uintptr_t) compat_ptr(ioc[n].rx_buf);
541 		ioc[n].tx_buf = (uintptr_t) compat_ptr(ioc[n].tx_buf);
542 	}
543 
544 	/* translate to spi_message, execute */
545 	retval = spidev_message(spidev, ioc, n_ioc);
546 	kfree(ioc);
547 
548 done:
549 	spi_dev_put(spi);
550 	mutex_unlock(&spidev->spi_lock);
551 	return retval;
552 }
553 
554 static long
555 spidev_compat_ioctl(struct file *filp, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
556 {
557 	if (_IOC_TYPE(cmd) == SPI_IOC_MAGIC
558 			&& _IOC_NR(cmd) == _IOC_NR(SPI_IOC_MESSAGE(0))
559 			&& _IOC_DIR(cmd) == _IOC_WRITE)
560 		return spidev_compat_ioc_message(filp, cmd, arg);
561 
562 	return spidev_ioctl(filp, cmd, (unsigned long)compat_ptr(arg));
563 }
564 #else
565 #define spidev_compat_ioctl NULL
566 #endif /* CONFIG_COMPAT */
567 
568 static int spidev_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
569 {
570 	struct spidev_data	*spidev = NULL, *iter;
571 	int			status = -ENXIO;
572 
573 	mutex_lock(&device_list_lock);
574 
575 	list_for_each_entry(iter, &device_list, device_entry) {
576 		if (iter->devt == inode->i_rdev) {
577 			status = 0;
578 			spidev = iter;
579 			break;
580 		}
581 	}
582 
583 	if (!spidev) {
584 		pr_debug("spidev: nothing for minor %d\n", iminor(inode));
585 		goto err_find_dev;
586 	}
587 
588 	if (!spidev->tx_buffer) {
589 		spidev->tx_buffer = kmalloc(bufsiz, GFP_KERNEL);
590 		if (!spidev->tx_buffer) {
591 			status = -ENOMEM;
592 			goto err_find_dev;
593 		}
594 	}
595 
596 	if (!spidev->rx_buffer) {
597 		spidev->rx_buffer = kmalloc(bufsiz, GFP_KERNEL);
598 		if (!spidev->rx_buffer) {
599 			status = -ENOMEM;
600 			goto err_alloc_rx_buf;
601 		}
602 	}
603 
604 	spidev->users++;
605 	filp->private_data = spidev;
606 	stream_open(inode, filp);
607 
608 	mutex_unlock(&device_list_lock);
609 	return 0;
610 
611 err_alloc_rx_buf:
612 	kfree(spidev->tx_buffer);
613 	spidev->tx_buffer = NULL;
614 err_find_dev:
615 	mutex_unlock(&device_list_lock);
616 	return status;
617 }
618 
619 static int spidev_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
620 {
621 	struct spidev_data	*spidev;
622 	int			dofree;
623 
624 	mutex_lock(&device_list_lock);
625 	spidev = filp->private_data;
626 	filp->private_data = NULL;
627 
628 	mutex_lock(&spidev->spi_lock);
629 	/* ... after we unbound from the underlying device? */
630 	dofree = (spidev->spi == NULL);
631 	mutex_unlock(&spidev->spi_lock);
632 
633 	/* last close? */
634 	spidev->users--;
635 	if (!spidev->users) {
636 
637 		kfree(spidev->tx_buffer);
638 		spidev->tx_buffer = NULL;
639 
640 		kfree(spidev->rx_buffer);
641 		spidev->rx_buffer = NULL;
642 
643 		if (dofree)
644 			kfree(spidev);
645 		else
646 			spidev->speed_hz = spidev->spi->max_speed_hz;
647 	}
648 #ifdef CONFIG_SPI_SLAVE
649 	if (!dofree)
650 		spi_target_abort(spidev->spi);
651 #endif
652 	mutex_unlock(&device_list_lock);
653 
654 	return 0;
655 }
656 
657 static const struct file_operations spidev_fops = {
658 	.owner =	THIS_MODULE,
659 	/* REVISIT switch to aio primitives, so that userspace
660 	 * gets more complete API coverage.  It'll simplify things
661 	 * too, except for the locking.
662 	 */
663 	.write =	spidev_write,
664 	.read =		spidev_read,
665 	.unlocked_ioctl = spidev_ioctl,
666 	.compat_ioctl = spidev_compat_ioctl,
667 	.open =		spidev_open,
668 	.release =	spidev_release,
669 };
670 
671 /*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
672 
673 /* The main reason to have this class is to make mdev/udev create the
674  * /dev/spidevB.C character device nodes exposing our userspace API.
675  * It also simplifies memory management.
676  */
677 
678 static const struct class spidev_class = {
679 	.name = "spidev",
680 };
681 
682 /*
683  * The spi device ids are expected to match the device names of the
684  * spidev_dt_ids array below. Both arrays are kept in the same ordering.
685  */
686 static const struct spi_device_id spidev_spi_ids[] = {
687 	{ .name = /* abb */ "spi-sensor" },
688 	{ .name = /* arduino */ "unoq-mcu" },
689 	{ .name = /* cisco */ "spi-petra" },
690 	{ .name = /* dh */ "dhcom-board" },
691 	{ .name = /* elgin */ "jg10309-01" },
692 	{ .name = /* gocontroll */ "moduline-module-slot"},
693 	{ .name = /* lineartechnology */ "ltc2488" },
694 	{ .name = /* lwn */ "bk4" },
695 	{ .name = /* lwn */ "bk4-spi" },
696 	{ .name = /* menlo */ "m53cpld" },
697 	{ .name = /* micron */ "spi-authenta" },
698 	{ .name = /* rohm */ "bh2228fv" },
699 	{ .name = /* rohm */ "dh2228fv" },
700 	{ .name = /* semtech */ "sx1301" },
701 	{ .name = /* silabs */ "em3581" },
702 	{ .name = /* silabs */ "si3210" },
703 	{},
704 };
705 MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(spi, spidev_spi_ids);
706 
707 /*
708  * spidev should never be referenced in DT without a specific compatible string,
709  * it is a Linux implementation thing rather than a description of the hardware.
710  */
711 static int spidev_of_check(struct device *dev)
712 {
713 	if (device_property_match_string(dev, "compatible", "spidev") < 0)
714 		return 0;
715 
716 	dev_err(dev, "spidev listed directly in DT is not supported\n");
717 	return -EINVAL;
718 }
719 
720 static const struct of_device_id spidev_dt_ids[] = {
721 	{ .compatible = "abb,spi-sensor", .data = &spidev_of_check },
722 	{ .compatible = "arduino,unoq-mcu", .data = &spidev_of_check },
723 	{ .compatible = "cisco,spi-petra", .data = &spidev_of_check },
724 	{ .compatible = "dh,dhcom-board", .data = &spidev_of_check },
725 	{ .compatible = "elgin,jg10309-01", .data = &spidev_of_check },
726 	{ .compatible = "gocontroll,moduline-module-slot", .data = &spidev_of_check},
727 	{ .compatible = "lineartechnology,ltc2488", .data = &spidev_of_check },
728 	{ .compatible = "lwn,bk4", .data = &spidev_of_check },
729 	{ .compatible = "lwn,bk4-spi", .data = &spidev_of_check },
730 	{ .compatible = "menlo,m53cpld", .data = &spidev_of_check },
731 	{ .compatible = "micron,spi-authenta", .data = &spidev_of_check },
732 	{ .compatible = "rohm,bh2228fv", .data = &spidev_of_check },
733 	{ .compatible = "rohm,dh2228fv", .data = &spidev_of_check },
734 	{ .compatible = "semtech,sx1301", .data = &spidev_of_check },
735 	{ .compatible = "silabs,em3581", .data = &spidev_of_check },
736 	{ .compatible = "silabs,si3210", .data = &spidev_of_check },
737 	{},
738 };
739 MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(of, spidev_dt_ids);
740 
741 /* Dummy SPI devices not to be used in production systems */
742 static int spidev_acpi_check(struct device *dev)
743 {
744 	dev_warn(dev, "do not use this driver in production systems!\n");
745 	return 0;
746 }
747 
748 static const struct acpi_device_id spidev_acpi_ids[] = {
749 	/*
750 	 * The ACPI SPT000* devices are only meant for development and
751 	 * testing. Systems used in production should have a proper ACPI
752 	 * description of the connected peripheral and they should also use
753 	 * a proper driver instead of poking directly to the SPI bus.
754 	 */
755 	{ "SPT0001", (kernel_ulong_t)&spidev_acpi_check },
756 	{ "SPT0002", (kernel_ulong_t)&spidev_acpi_check },
757 	{ "SPT0003", (kernel_ulong_t)&spidev_acpi_check },
758 	{},
759 };
760 MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(acpi, spidev_acpi_ids);
761 
762 /*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
763 
764 static int spidev_probe(struct spi_device *spi)
765 {
766 	int (*match)(struct device *dev);
767 	struct spidev_data	*spidev;
768 	int			status;
769 	unsigned long		minor;
770 
771 	match = device_get_match_data(&spi->dev);
772 	if (match) {
773 		status = match(&spi->dev);
774 		if (status)
775 			return status;
776 	}
777 
778 	/* Allocate driver data */
779 	spidev = kzalloc_obj(*spidev);
780 	if (!spidev)
781 		return -ENOMEM;
782 
783 	/* Initialize the driver data */
784 	spidev->spi = spi;
785 	mutex_init(&spidev->spi_lock);
786 
787 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&spidev->device_entry);
788 
789 	/* If we can allocate a minor number, hook up this device.
790 	 * Reusing minors is fine so long as udev or mdev is working.
791 	 */
792 	mutex_lock(&device_list_lock);
793 	minor = find_first_zero_bit(minors, N_SPI_MINORS);
794 	if (minor < N_SPI_MINORS) {
795 		struct device *dev;
796 
797 		spidev->devt = MKDEV(SPIDEV_MAJOR, minor);
798 		dev = device_create(&spidev_class, &spi->dev, spidev->devt,
799 				    spidev, "spidev%d.%d",
800 				    spi->controller->bus_num, spi_get_chipselect(spi, 0));
801 		status = PTR_ERR_OR_ZERO(dev);
802 	} else {
803 		dev_dbg(&spi->dev, "no minor number available!\n");
804 		status = -ENODEV;
805 	}
806 	if (status == 0) {
807 		set_bit(minor, minors);
808 		list_add(&spidev->device_entry, &device_list);
809 	}
810 	mutex_unlock(&device_list_lock);
811 
812 	spidev->speed_hz = spi->max_speed_hz;
813 
814 	if (status == 0)
815 		spi_set_drvdata(spi, spidev);
816 	else
817 		kfree(spidev);
818 
819 	return status;
820 }
821 
822 static void spidev_remove(struct spi_device *spi)
823 {
824 	struct spidev_data	*spidev = spi_get_drvdata(spi);
825 
826 	/* prevent new opens */
827 	mutex_lock(&device_list_lock);
828 	/* make sure ops on existing fds can abort cleanly */
829 	mutex_lock(&spidev->spi_lock);
830 	spidev->spi = NULL;
831 	mutex_unlock(&spidev->spi_lock);
832 
833 	list_del(&spidev->device_entry);
834 	device_destroy(&spidev_class, spidev->devt);
835 	clear_bit(MINOR(spidev->devt), minors);
836 	if (spidev->users == 0)
837 		kfree(spidev);
838 	mutex_unlock(&device_list_lock);
839 }
840 
841 static struct spi_driver spidev_spi_driver = {
842 	.driver = {
843 		.name =		"spidev",
844 		.of_match_table = spidev_dt_ids,
845 		.acpi_match_table = spidev_acpi_ids,
846 	},
847 	.probe =	spidev_probe,
848 	.remove =	spidev_remove,
849 	.id_table =	spidev_spi_ids,
850 
851 	/* NOTE:  suspend/resume methods are not necessary here.
852 	 * We don't do anything except pass the requests to/from
853 	 * the underlying controller.  The refrigerator handles
854 	 * most issues; the controller driver handles the rest.
855 	 */
856 };
857 
858 /*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
859 
860 static int __init spidev_init(void)
861 {
862 	int status;
863 
864 	/* Claim our 256 reserved device numbers.  Then register a class
865 	 * that will key udev/mdev to add/remove /dev nodes.  Last, register
866 	 * the driver which manages those device numbers.
867 	 */
868 	status = register_chrdev(SPIDEV_MAJOR, "spi", &spidev_fops);
869 	if (status < 0)
870 		return status;
871 
872 	status = class_register(&spidev_class);
873 	if (status) {
874 		unregister_chrdev(SPIDEV_MAJOR, spidev_spi_driver.driver.name);
875 		return status;
876 	}
877 
878 	status = spi_register_driver(&spidev_spi_driver);
879 	if (status < 0) {
880 		class_unregister(&spidev_class);
881 		unregister_chrdev(SPIDEV_MAJOR, spidev_spi_driver.driver.name);
882 	}
883 	return status;
884 }
885 module_init(spidev_init);
886 
887 static void __exit spidev_exit(void)
888 {
889 	spi_unregister_driver(&spidev_spi_driver);
890 	class_unregister(&spidev_class);
891 	unregister_chrdev(SPIDEV_MAJOR, spidev_spi_driver.driver.name);
892 }
893 module_exit(spidev_exit);
894 
895 MODULE_AUTHOR("Andrea Paterniani, <a.paterniani@swapp-eng.it>");
896 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("User mode SPI device interface");
897 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
898 MODULE_ALIAS("spi:spidev");
899