xref: /linux/drivers/spi/spi-virtio.c (revision 57885276cc16a2e2b76282c808a4e84cbecb3aae)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /*
3  * SPI bus driver for the Virtio SPI controller
4  * Copyright (C) 2023 OpenSynergy GmbH
5  * Copyright (C) 2025 Qualcomm Innovation Center, Inc. All rights reserved.
6  */
7 
8 #include <linux/completion.h>
9 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
10 #include <linux/io.h>
11 #include <linux/module.h>
12 #include <linux/spi/spi.h>
13 #include <linux/stddef.h>
14 #include <linux/virtio.h>
15 #include <linux/virtio_ring.h>
16 #include <linux/virtio_spi.h>
17 
18 #define VIRTIO_SPI_MODE_MASK \
19 	(SPI_MODE_X_MASK | SPI_CS_HIGH | SPI_LSB_FIRST)
20 
21 struct virtio_spi_req {
22 	struct completion completion;
23 	const u8 *tx_buf;
24 	u8 *rx_buf;
25 	struct spi_transfer_head transfer_head	____cacheline_aligned;
26 	struct spi_transfer_result result;
27 };
28 
29 struct virtio_spi_priv {
30 	/* The virtio device we're associated with */
31 	struct virtio_device *vdev;
32 	/* Pointer to the virtqueue */
33 	struct virtqueue *vq;
34 	/* Copy of config space mode_func_supported */
35 	u32 mode_func_supported;
36 	/* Copy of config space max_freq_hz */
37 	u32 max_freq_hz;
38 };
39 
40 static void virtio_spi_msg_done(struct virtqueue *vq)
41 {
42 	struct virtio_spi_req *req;
43 	unsigned int len;
44 
45 	while ((req = virtqueue_get_buf(vq, &len)))
46 		complete(&req->completion);
47 }
48 
49 /*
50  * virtio_spi_set_delays - Set delay parameters for SPI transfer
51  *
52  * This function sets various delay parameters for SPI transfer,
53  * including delay after CS asserted, timing intervals between
54  * adjacent words within a transfer, delay before and after CS
55  * deasserted. It converts these delay parameters to nanoseconds
56  * using spi_delay_to_ns and stores the results in spi_transfer_head
57  * structure.
58  * If the conversion fails, the function logs a warning message and
59  * returns an error code.
60  *       .   .      .    .    .   .   .   .   .   .
61  * Delay + A +      + B  +    + C + D + E + F + A +
62  *       .   .      .    .    .   .   .   .   .   .
63  *    ___.   .      .    .    .   .   .___.___.   .
64  * CS#   |___.______.____.____.___.___|   .   |___._____________
65  *       .   .      .    .    .   .   .   .   .   .
66  *       .   .      .    .    .   .   .   .   .   .
67  * SCLK__.___.___NNN_____NNN__.___.___.___.___.___.___NNN_______
68  *
69  * NOTE: 1st transfer has two words, the delay between these two words are
70  * 'B' in the diagram.
71  *
72  * A => struct spi_device -> cs_setup
73  * B => max{struct spi_transfer -> word_delay, struct spi_device -> word_delay}
74  *   Note: spi_device and spi_transfer both have word_delay, Linux
75  *         choose the bigger one, refer to _spi_xfer_word_delay_update function
76  * C => struct spi_transfer -> delay
77  * D => struct spi_device -> cs_hold
78  * E => struct spi_device -> cs_inactive
79  * F => struct spi_transfer -> cs_change_delay
80  *
81  * So the corresponding relationship:
82  * A   <===> cs_setup_ns (after CS asserted)
83  * B   <===> word_delay_ns (delay between adjacent words within a transfer)
84  * C+D <===> cs_delay_hold_ns (before CS deasserted)
85  * E+F <===> cs_change_delay_inactive_ns (after CS deasserted, these two
86  * values are also recommended in the Linux driver to be added up)
87  */
88 static int virtio_spi_set_delays(struct spi_transfer_head *th,
89 				 struct spi_device *spi,
90 				 struct spi_transfer *xfer)
91 {
92 	int cs_setup;
93 	int cs_word_delay_xfer;
94 	int cs_word_delay_spi;
95 	int delay;
96 	int cs_hold;
97 	int cs_inactive;
98 	int cs_change_delay;
99 
100 	cs_setup = spi_delay_to_ns(&spi->cs_setup, xfer);
101 	if (cs_setup < 0) {
102 		dev_warn(&spi->dev, "Cannot convert cs_setup\n");
103 		return cs_setup;
104 	}
105 	th->cs_setup_ns = cpu_to_le32(cs_setup);
106 
107 	cs_word_delay_xfer = spi_delay_to_ns(&xfer->word_delay, xfer);
108 	if (cs_word_delay_xfer < 0) {
109 		dev_warn(&spi->dev, "Cannot convert cs_word_delay_xfer\n");
110 		return cs_word_delay_xfer;
111 	}
112 	cs_word_delay_spi = spi_delay_to_ns(&spi->word_delay, xfer);
113 	if (cs_word_delay_spi < 0) {
114 		dev_warn(&spi->dev, "Cannot convert cs_word_delay_spi\n");
115 		return cs_word_delay_spi;
116 	}
117 
118 	th->word_delay_ns = cpu_to_le32(max(cs_word_delay_spi, cs_word_delay_xfer));
119 
120 	delay = spi_delay_to_ns(&xfer->delay, xfer);
121 	if (delay < 0) {
122 		dev_warn(&spi->dev, "Cannot convert delay\n");
123 		return delay;
124 	}
125 	cs_hold = spi_delay_to_ns(&spi->cs_hold, xfer);
126 	if (cs_hold < 0) {
127 		dev_warn(&spi->dev, "Cannot convert cs_hold\n");
128 		return cs_hold;
129 	}
130 	th->cs_delay_hold_ns = cpu_to_le32(delay + cs_hold);
131 
132 	cs_inactive = spi_delay_to_ns(&spi->cs_inactive, xfer);
133 	if (cs_inactive < 0) {
134 		dev_warn(&spi->dev, "Cannot convert cs_inactive\n");
135 		return cs_inactive;
136 	}
137 	cs_change_delay = spi_delay_to_ns(&xfer->cs_change_delay, xfer);
138 	if (cs_change_delay < 0) {
139 		dev_warn(&spi->dev, "Cannot convert cs_change_delay\n");
140 		return cs_change_delay;
141 	}
142 	th->cs_change_delay_inactive_ns =
143 		cpu_to_le32(cs_inactive + cs_change_delay);
144 
145 	return 0;
146 }
147 
148 static int virtio_spi_transfer_one(struct spi_controller *ctrl,
149 				   struct spi_device *spi,
150 				   struct spi_transfer *xfer)
151 {
152 	struct virtio_spi_priv *priv = spi_controller_get_devdata(ctrl);
153 	struct spi_transfer_head *th;
154 	struct scatterlist sg_out_head, sg_out_payload;
155 	struct scatterlist sg_in_result, sg_in_payload;
156 	struct scatterlist *sgs[4];
157 	unsigned int outcnt = 0;
158 	unsigned int incnt = 0;
159 	int ret;
160 
161 	struct virtio_spi_req *spi_req __free(kfree) = kzalloc_obj(*spi_req);
162 	if (!spi_req)
163 		return -ENOMEM;
164 
165 	init_completion(&spi_req->completion);
166 
167 	th = &spi_req->transfer_head;
168 
169 	/* Fill struct spi_transfer_head */
170 	th->chip_select_id = spi_get_chipselect(spi, 0);
171 	th->bits_per_word = spi->bits_per_word;
172 	th->cs_change = xfer->cs_change;
173 	th->tx_nbits = xfer->tx_nbits;
174 	th->rx_nbits = xfer->rx_nbits;
175 	th->reserved[0] = 0;
176 	th->reserved[1] = 0;
177 	th->reserved[2] = 0;
178 
179 	static_assert(VIRTIO_SPI_CPHA == SPI_CPHA,
180 		      "VIRTIO_SPI_CPHA must match SPI_CPHA");
181 	static_assert(VIRTIO_SPI_CPOL == SPI_CPOL,
182 		      "VIRTIO_SPI_CPOL must match SPI_CPOL");
183 	static_assert(VIRTIO_SPI_CS_HIGH == SPI_CS_HIGH,
184 		      "VIRTIO_SPI_CS_HIGH must match SPI_CS_HIGH");
185 	static_assert(VIRTIO_SPI_MODE_LSB_FIRST == SPI_LSB_FIRST,
186 		      "VIRTIO_SPI_MODE_LSB_FIRST must match SPI_LSB_FIRST");
187 
188 	th->mode = cpu_to_le32(spi->mode & VIRTIO_SPI_MODE_MASK);
189 	if (spi->mode & SPI_LOOP)
190 		th->mode |= cpu_to_le32(VIRTIO_SPI_MODE_LOOP);
191 
192 	th->freq = cpu_to_le32(xfer->speed_hz);
193 
194 	ret = virtio_spi_set_delays(th, spi, xfer);
195 	if (ret)
196 		goto msg_done;
197 
198 	/* Set buffers */
199 	spi_req->tx_buf = xfer->tx_buf;
200 	spi_req->rx_buf = xfer->rx_buf;
201 
202 	/* Prepare sending of virtio message */
203 	init_completion(&spi_req->completion);
204 
205 	sg_init_one(&sg_out_head, th, sizeof(*th));
206 	sgs[outcnt] = &sg_out_head;
207 	outcnt++;
208 
209 	if (spi_req->tx_buf) {
210 		sg_init_one(&sg_out_payload, spi_req->tx_buf, xfer->len);
211 		sgs[outcnt] = &sg_out_payload;
212 		outcnt++;
213 	}
214 
215 	if (spi_req->rx_buf) {
216 		sg_init_one(&sg_in_payload, spi_req->rx_buf, xfer->len);
217 		sgs[outcnt] = &sg_in_payload;
218 		incnt++;
219 	}
220 
221 	sg_init_one(&sg_in_result, &spi_req->result,
222 		    sizeof(struct spi_transfer_result));
223 	sgs[outcnt + incnt] = &sg_in_result;
224 	incnt++;
225 
226 	ret = virtqueue_add_sgs(priv->vq, sgs, outcnt, incnt, spi_req,
227 				GFP_KERNEL);
228 	if (ret)
229 		goto msg_done;
230 
231 	/* Simple implementation: There can be only one transfer in flight */
232 	virtqueue_kick(priv->vq);
233 
234 	wait_for_completion(&spi_req->completion);
235 
236 	/* Read result from message and translate return code */
237 	switch (spi_req->result.result) {
238 	case VIRTIO_SPI_TRANS_OK:
239 		break;
240 	case VIRTIO_SPI_PARAM_ERR:
241 		ret = -EINVAL;
242 		break;
243 	case VIRTIO_SPI_TRANS_ERR:
244 		ret = -EIO;
245 		break;
246 	default:
247 		ret = -EIO;
248 		break;
249 	}
250 
251 msg_done:
252 	if (ret)
253 		ctrl->cur_msg->status = ret;
254 
255 	return ret;
256 }
257 
258 static void virtio_spi_read_config(struct virtio_device *vdev)
259 {
260 	struct spi_controller *ctrl = dev_get_drvdata(&vdev->dev);
261 	struct virtio_spi_priv *priv = vdev->priv;
262 	u8 cs_max_number;
263 	u8 tx_nbits_supported;
264 	u8 rx_nbits_supported;
265 
266 	cs_max_number = virtio_cread8(vdev, offsetof(struct virtio_spi_config,
267 						     cs_max_number));
268 	ctrl->num_chipselect = cs_max_number;
269 
270 	/* Set the mode bits which are understood by this driver */
271 	priv->mode_func_supported =
272 		virtio_cread32(vdev, offsetof(struct virtio_spi_config,
273 					      mode_func_supported));
274 	ctrl->mode_bits = priv->mode_func_supported &
275 			  (VIRTIO_SPI_CS_HIGH | VIRTIO_SPI_MODE_LSB_FIRST);
276 	if (priv->mode_func_supported & VIRTIO_SPI_MF_SUPPORT_CPHA_1)
277 		ctrl->mode_bits |= VIRTIO_SPI_CPHA;
278 	if (priv->mode_func_supported & VIRTIO_SPI_MF_SUPPORT_CPOL_1)
279 		ctrl->mode_bits |= VIRTIO_SPI_CPOL;
280 	if (priv->mode_func_supported & VIRTIO_SPI_MF_SUPPORT_LSB_FIRST)
281 		ctrl->mode_bits |= SPI_LSB_FIRST;
282 	if (priv->mode_func_supported & VIRTIO_SPI_MF_SUPPORT_LOOPBACK)
283 		ctrl->mode_bits |= SPI_LOOP;
284 	tx_nbits_supported =
285 		virtio_cread8(vdev, offsetof(struct virtio_spi_config,
286 					     tx_nbits_supported));
287 	if (tx_nbits_supported & VIRTIO_SPI_RX_TX_SUPPORT_DUAL)
288 		ctrl->mode_bits |= SPI_TX_DUAL;
289 	if (tx_nbits_supported & VIRTIO_SPI_RX_TX_SUPPORT_QUAD)
290 		ctrl->mode_bits |= SPI_TX_QUAD;
291 	if (tx_nbits_supported & VIRTIO_SPI_RX_TX_SUPPORT_OCTAL)
292 		ctrl->mode_bits |= SPI_TX_OCTAL;
293 	rx_nbits_supported =
294 		virtio_cread8(vdev, offsetof(struct virtio_spi_config,
295 					     rx_nbits_supported));
296 	if (rx_nbits_supported & VIRTIO_SPI_RX_TX_SUPPORT_DUAL)
297 		ctrl->mode_bits |= SPI_RX_DUAL;
298 	if (rx_nbits_supported & VIRTIO_SPI_RX_TX_SUPPORT_QUAD)
299 		ctrl->mode_bits |= SPI_RX_QUAD;
300 	if (rx_nbits_supported & VIRTIO_SPI_RX_TX_SUPPORT_OCTAL)
301 		ctrl->mode_bits |= SPI_RX_OCTAL;
302 
303 	ctrl->bits_per_word_mask =
304 		virtio_cread32(vdev, offsetof(struct virtio_spi_config,
305 					      bits_per_word_mask));
306 
307 	priv->max_freq_hz =
308 		virtio_cread32(vdev, offsetof(struct virtio_spi_config,
309 					      max_freq_hz));
310 }
311 
312 static int virtio_spi_find_vqs(struct virtio_spi_priv *priv)
313 {
314 	struct virtqueue *vq;
315 
316 	vq = virtio_find_single_vq(priv->vdev, virtio_spi_msg_done, "spi-rq");
317 	if (IS_ERR(vq))
318 		return PTR_ERR(vq);
319 	priv->vq = vq;
320 	return 0;
321 }
322 
323 /* Function must not be called before virtio_spi_find_vqs() has been run */
324 static void virtio_spi_del_vq(void *data)
325 {
326 	struct virtio_device *vdev = data;
327 
328 	virtio_reset_device(vdev);
329 	vdev->config->del_vqs(vdev);
330 }
331 
332 static int virtio_spi_probe(struct virtio_device *vdev)
333 {
334 	struct virtio_spi_priv *priv;
335 	struct spi_controller *ctrl;
336 	int ret;
337 
338 	ctrl = devm_spi_alloc_host(&vdev->dev, sizeof(*priv));
339 	if (!ctrl)
340 		return -ENOMEM;
341 
342 	priv = spi_controller_get_devdata(ctrl);
343 	priv->vdev = vdev;
344 	vdev->priv = priv;
345 
346 	dev_set_drvdata(&vdev->dev, ctrl);
347 
348 	virtio_spi_read_config(vdev);
349 
350 	ctrl->transfer_one = virtio_spi_transfer_one;
351 
352 	ret = virtio_spi_find_vqs(priv);
353 	if (ret)
354 		return dev_err_probe(&vdev->dev, ret, "Cannot setup virtqueues\n");
355 
356 	/* Register cleanup for virtqueues using devm */
357 	ret = devm_add_action_or_reset(&vdev->dev, virtio_spi_del_vq, vdev);
358 	if (ret)
359 		return dev_err_probe(&vdev->dev, ret, "Cannot register virtqueue cleanup\n");
360 
361 	/* Use devm version to register controller */
362 	ret = devm_spi_register_controller(&vdev->dev, ctrl);
363 	if (ret)
364 		return dev_err_probe(&vdev->dev, ret, "Cannot register controller\n");
365 
366 	return 0;
367 }
368 
369 static int virtio_spi_freeze(struct device *dev)
370 {
371 	struct spi_controller *ctrl = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
372 	struct virtio_device *vdev = dev_to_virtio(dev);
373 	int ret;
374 
375 	ret = spi_controller_suspend(ctrl);
376 	if (ret) {
377 		dev_warn(dev, "cannot suspend controller (%d)\n", ret);
378 		return ret;
379 	}
380 
381 	virtio_spi_del_vq(vdev);
382 	return 0;
383 }
384 
385 static int virtio_spi_restore(struct device *dev)
386 {
387 	struct spi_controller *ctrl = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
388 	struct virtio_device *vdev = dev_to_virtio(dev);
389 	int ret;
390 
391 	ret = virtio_spi_find_vqs(vdev->priv);
392 	if (ret) {
393 		dev_err(dev, "problem starting vqueue (%d)\n", ret);
394 		return ret;
395 	}
396 
397 	ret = spi_controller_resume(ctrl);
398 	if (ret)
399 		dev_err(dev, "problem resuming controller (%d)\n", ret);
400 
401 	return ret;
402 }
403 
404 static struct virtio_device_id virtio_spi_id_table[] = {
405 	{ VIRTIO_ID_SPI, VIRTIO_DEV_ANY_ID },
406 	{}
407 };
408 MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(virtio, virtio_spi_id_table);
409 
410 static const struct dev_pm_ops virtio_spi_pm_ops = {
411 	.freeze = pm_sleep_ptr(virtio_spi_freeze),
412 	.restore = pm_sleep_ptr(virtio_spi_restore),
413 };
414 
415 static struct virtio_driver virtio_spi_driver = {
416 	.driver = {
417 		.name = KBUILD_MODNAME,
418 		.pm = &virtio_spi_pm_ops,
419 	},
420 	.id_table = virtio_spi_id_table,
421 	.probe = virtio_spi_probe,
422 };
423 module_virtio_driver(virtio_spi_driver);
424 
425 MODULE_AUTHOR("OpenSynergy GmbH");
426 MODULE_AUTHOR("Haixu Cui <quic_haixcui@quicinc.com>");
427 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
428 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Virtio SPI bus driver");
429