xref: /linux/drivers/scsi/scsicam.c (revision fd639726bf15fca8ee1a00dce8e0096d0ad9bd18)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 /*
3  * scsicam.c - SCSI CAM support functions, use for HDIO_GETGEO, etc.
4  *
5  * Copyright 1993, 1994 Drew Eckhardt
6  *      Visionary Computing
7  *      (Unix and Linux consulting and custom programming)
8  *      drew@Colorado.EDU
9  *      +1 (303) 786-7975
10  *
11  * For more information, please consult the SCSI-CAM draft.
12  */
13 
14 #include <linux/module.h>
15 #include <linux/slab.h>
16 #include <linux/fs.h>
17 #include <linux/genhd.h>
18 #include <linux/kernel.h>
19 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
20 #include <asm/unaligned.h>
21 
22 #include <scsi/scsicam.h>
23 
24 
25 static int setsize(unsigned long capacity, unsigned int *cyls, unsigned int *hds,
26 		   unsigned int *secs);
27 
28 /**
29  * scsi_bios_ptable - Read PC partition table out of first sector of device.
30  * @dev: from this device
31  *
32  * Description: Reads the first sector from the device and returns %0x42 bytes
33  *              starting at offset %0x1be.
34  * Returns: partition table in kmalloc(GFP_KERNEL) memory, or NULL on error.
35  */
36 unsigned char *scsi_bios_ptable(struct block_device *dev)
37 {
38 	unsigned char *res = kmalloc(66, GFP_KERNEL);
39 	if (res) {
40 		struct block_device *bdev = dev->bd_contains;
41 		Sector sect;
42 		void *data = read_dev_sector(bdev, 0, &sect);
43 		if (data) {
44 			memcpy(res, data + 0x1be, 66);
45 			put_dev_sector(sect);
46 		} else {
47 			kfree(res);
48 			res = NULL;
49 		}
50 	}
51 	return res;
52 }
53 EXPORT_SYMBOL(scsi_bios_ptable);
54 
55 /**
56  * scsicam_bios_param - Determine geometry of a disk in cylinders/heads/sectors.
57  * @bdev: which device
58  * @capacity: size of the disk in sectors
59  * @ip: return value: ip[0]=heads, ip[1]=sectors, ip[2]=cylinders
60  *
61  * Description : determine the BIOS mapping/geometry used for a drive in a
62  *      SCSI-CAM system, storing the results in ip as required
63  *      by the HDIO_GETGEO ioctl().
64  *
65  * Returns : -1 on failure, 0 on success.
66  */
67 
68 int scsicam_bios_param(struct block_device *bdev, sector_t capacity, int *ip)
69 {
70 	unsigned char *p;
71 	u64 capacity64 = capacity;	/* Suppress gcc warning */
72 	int ret;
73 
74 	p = scsi_bios_ptable(bdev);
75 	if (!p)
76 		return -1;
77 
78 	/* try to infer mapping from partition table */
79 	ret = scsi_partsize(p, (unsigned long)capacity, (unsigned int *)ip + 2,
80 			       (unsigned int *)ip + 0, (unsigned int *)ip + 1);
81 	kfree(p);
82 
83 	if (ret == -1 && capacity64 < (1ULL << 32)) {
84 		/* pick some standard mapping with at most 1024 cylinders,
85 		   and at most 62 sectors per track - this works up to
86 		   7905 MB */
87 		ret = setsize((unsigned long)capacity, (unsigned int *)ip + 2,
88 		       (unsigned int *)ip + 0, (unsigned int *)ip + 1);
89 	}
90 
91 	/* if something went wrong, then apparently we have to return
92 	   a geometry with more than 1024 cylinders */
93 	if (ret || ip[0] > 255 || ip[1] > 63) {
94 		if ((capacity >> 11) > 65534) {
95 			ip[0] = 255;
96 			ip[1] = 63;
97 		} else {
98 			ip[0] = 64;
99 			ip[1] = 32;
100 		}
101 
102 		if (capacity > 65535*63*255)
103 			ip[2] = 65535;
104 		else
105 			ip[2] = (unsigned long)capacity / (ip[0] * ip[1]);
106 	}
107 
108 	return 0;
109 }
110 EXPORT_SYMBOL(scsicam_bios_param);
111 
112 /**
113  * scsi_partsize - Parse cylinders/heads/sectors from PC partition table
114  * @buf: partition table, see scsi_bios_ptable()
115  * @capacity: size of the disk in sectors
116  * @cyls: put cylinders here
117  * @hds: put heads here
118  * @secs: put sectors here
119  *
120  * Determine the BIOS mapping/geometry used to create the partition
121  * table, storing the results in @cyls, @hds, and @secs
122  *
123  * Returns: -1 on failure, 0 on success.
124  */
125 
126 int scsi_partsize(unsigned char *buf, unsigned long capacity,
127 	       unsigned int *cyls, unsigned int *hds, unsigned int *secs)
128 {
129 	struct partition *p = (struct partition *)buf, *largest = NULL;
130 	int i, largest_cyl;
131 	int cyl, ext_cyl, end_head, end_cyl, end_sector;
132 	unsigned int logical_end, physical_end, ext_physical_end;
133 
134 
135 	if (*(unsigned short *) (buf + 64) == 0xAA55) {
136 		for (largest_cyl = -1, i = 0; i < 4; ++i, ++p) {
137 			if (!p->sys_ind)
138 				continue;
139 #ifdef DEBUG
140 			printk("scsicam_bios_param : partition %d has system \n",
141 			       i);
142 #endif
143 			cyl = p->cyl + ((p->sector & 0xc0) << 2);
144 			if (cyl > largest_cyl) {
145 				largest_cyl = cyl;
146 				largest = p;
147 			}
148 		}
149 	}
150 	if (largest) {
151 		end_cyl = largest->end_cyl + ((largest->end_sector & 0xc0) << 2);
152 		end_head = largest->end_head;
153 		end_sector = largest->end_sector & 0x3f;
154 
155 		if (end_head + 1 == 0 || end_sector == 0)
156 			return -1;
157 
158 #ifdef DEBUG
159 		printk("scsicam_bios_param : end at h = %d, c = %d, s = %d\n",
160 		       end_head, end_cyl, end_sector);
161 #endif
162 
163 		physical_end = end_cyl * (end_head + 1) * end_sector +
164 		    end_head * end_sector + end_sector;
165 
166 		/* This is the actual _sector_ number at the end */
167 		logical_end = get_unaligned_le32(&largest->start_sect)
168 		    + get_unaligned_le32(&largest->nr_sects);
169 
170 		/* This is for >1023 cylinders */
171 		ext_cyl = (logical_end - (end_head * end_sector + end_sector))
172 		    / (end_head + 1) / end_sector;
173 		ext_physical_end = ext_cyl * (end_head + 1) * end_sector +
174 		    end_head * end_sector + end_sector;
175 
176 #ifdef DEBUG
177 		printk("scsicam_bios_param : logical_end=%d physical_end=%d ext_physical_end=%d ext_cyl=%d\n"
178 		  ,logical_end, physical_end, ext_physical_end, ext_cyl);
179 #endif
180 
181 		if ((logical_end == physical_end) ||
182 		  (end_cyl == 1023 && ext_physical_end == logical_end)) {
183 			*secs = end_sector;
184 			*hds = end_head + 1;
185 			*cyls = capacity / ((end_head + 1) * end_sector);
186 			return 0;
187 		}
188 #ifdef DEBUG
189 		printk("scsicam_bios_param : logical (%u) != physical (%u)\n",
190 		       logical_end, physical_end);
191 #endif
192 	}
193 	return -1;
194 }
195 EXPORT_SYMBOL(scsi_partsize);
196 
197 /*
198  * Function : static int setsize(unsigned long capacity,unsigned int *cyls,
199  *      unsigned int *hds, unsigned int *secs);
200  *
201  * Purpose : to determine a near-optimal int 0x13 mapping for a
202  *      SCSI disk in terms of lost space of size capacity, storing
203  *      the results in *cyls, *hds, and *secs.
204  *
205  * Returns : -1 on failure, 0 on success.
206  *
207  * Extracted from
208  *
209  * WORKING                                                    X3T9.2
210  * DRAFT                                                        792D
211  * see http://www.t10.org/ftp/t10/drafts/cam/cam-r12b.pdf
212  *
213  *                                                        Revision 6
214  *                                                         10-MAR-94
215  * Information technology -
216  * SCSI-2 Common access method
217  * transport and SCSI interface module
218  *
219  * ANNEX A :
220  *
221  * setsize() converts a read capacity value to int 13h
222  * head-cylinder-sector requirements. It minimizes the value for
223  * number of heads and maximizes the number of cylinders. This
224  * will support rather large disks before the number of heads
225  * will not fit in 4 bits (or 6 bits). This algorithm also
226  * minimizes the number of sectors that will be unused at the end
227  * of the disk while allowing for very large disks to be
228  * accommodated. This algorithm does not use physical geometry.
229  */
230 
231 static int setsize(unsigned long capacity, unsigned int *cyls, unsigned int *hds,
232 		   unsigned int *secs)
233 {
234 	unsigned int rv = 0;
235 	unsigned long heads, sectors, cylinders, temp;
236 
237 	cylinders = 1024L;	/* Set number of cylinders to max */
238 	sectors = 62L;		/* Maximize sectors per track */
239 
240 	temp = cylinders * sectors;	/* Compute divisor for heads */
241 	heads = capacity / temp;	/* Compute value for number of heads */
242 	if (capacity % temp) {	/* If no remainder, done! */
243 		heads++;	/* Else, increment number of heads */
244 		temp = cylinders * heads;	/* Compute divisor for sectors */
245 		sectors = capacity / temp;	/* Compute value for sectors per
246 						   track */
247 		if (capacity % temp) {	/* If no remainder, done! */
248 			sectors++;	/* Else, increment number of sectors */
249 			temp = heads * sectors;		/* Compute divisor for cylinders */
250 			cylinders = capacity / temp;	/* Compute number of cylinders */
251 		}
252 	}
253 	if (cylinders == 0)
254 		rv = (unsigned) -1;	/* Give error if 0 cylinders */
255 
256 	*cyls = (unsigned int) cylinders;	/* Stuff return values */
257 	*secs = (unsigned int) sectors;
258 	*hds = (unsigned int) heads;
259 	return (rv);
260 }
261