xref: /linux/drivers/scsi/scsicam.c (revision c5d3cdad688ed75fb311a3a671eb30ba7106d7d3)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 /*
3  * scsicam.c - SCSI CAM support functions, use for HDIO_GETGEO, etc.
4  *
5  * Copyright 1993, 1994 Drew Eckhardt
6  *      Visionary Computing
7  *      (Unix and Linux consulting and custom programming)
8  *      drew@Colorado.EDU
9  *      +1 (303) 786-7975
10  *
11  * For more information, please consult the SCSI-CAM draft.
12  */
13 
14 #include <linux/module.h>
15 #include <linux/slab.h>
16 #include <linux/fs.h>
17 #include <linux/genhd.h>
18 #include <linux/kernel.h>
19 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
20 #include <linux/msdos_partition.h>
21 #include <asm/unaligned.h>
22 
23 #include <scsi/scsicam.h>
24 
25 /**
26  * scsi_bios_ptable - Read PC partition table out of first sector of device.
27  * @dev: from this device
28  *
29  * Description: Reads the first sector from the device and returns %0x42 bytes
30  *              starting at offset %0x1be.
31  * Returns: partition table in kmalloc(GFP_KERNEL) memory, or NULL on error.
32  */
33 unsigned char *scsi_bios_ptable(struct block_device *dev)
34 {
35 	struct address_space *mapping = dev->bd_contains->bd_inode->i_mapping;
36 	unsigned char *res = NULL;
37 	struct page *page;
38 
39 	page = read_mapping_page(mapping, 0, NULL);
40 	if (IS_ERR(page))
41 		return NULL;
42 
43 	if (!PageError(page))
44 		res = kmemdup(page_address(page) + 0x1be, 66, GFP_KERNEL);
45 	put_page(page);
46 	return res;
47 }
48 EXPORT_SYMBOL(scsi_bios_ptable);
49 
50 /**
51  * scsi_partsize - Parse cylinders/heads/sectors from PC partition table
52  * @bdev: block device to parse
53  * @capacity: size of the disk in sectors
54  * @geom: output in form of [hds, cylinders, sectors]
55  *
56  * Determine the BIOS mapping/geometry used to create the partition
57  * table, storing the results in @geom.
58  *
59  * Returns: %false on failure, %true on success.
60  */
61 bool scsi_partsize(struct block_device *bdev, sector_t capacity, int geom[3])
62 {
63 	int cyl, ext_cyl, end_head, end_cyl, end_sector;
64 	unsigned int logical_end, physical_end, ext_physical_end;
65 	struct msdos_partition *p, *largest = NULL;
66 	void *buf;
67 	int ret = false;
68 
69 	buf = scsi_bios_ptable(bdev);
70 	if (!buf)
71 		return false;
72 
73 	if (*(unsigned short *) (buf + 64) == 0xAA55) {
74 		int largest_cyl = -1, i;
75 
76 		for (i = 0, p = buf; i < 4; i++, p++) {
77 			if (!p->sys_ind)
78 				continue;
79 #ifdef DEBUG
80 			printk("scsicam_bios_param : partition %d has system \n",
81 			       i);
82 #endif
83 			cyl = p->cyl + ((p->sector & 0xc0) << 2);
84 			if (cyl > largest_cyl) {
85 				largest_cyl = cyl;
86 				largest = p;
87 			}
88 		}
89 	}
90 	if (largest) {
91 		end_cyl = largest->end_cyl + ((largest->end_sector & 0xc0) << 2);
92 		end_head = largest->end_head;
93 		end_sector = largest->end_sector & 0x3f;
94 
95 		if (end_head + 1 == 0 || end_sector == 0)
96 			goto out_free_buf;
97 
98 #ifdef DEBUG
99 		printk("scsicam_bios_param : end at h = %d, c = %d, s = %d\n",
100 		       end_head, end_cyl, end_sector);
101 #endif
102 
103 		physical_end = end_cyl * (end_head + 1) * end_sector +
104 		    end_head * end_sector + end_sector;
105 
106 		/* This is the actual _sector_ number at the end */
107 		logical_end = get_unaligned_le32(&largest->start_sect)
108 		    + get_unaligned_le32(&largest->nr_sects);
109 
110 		/* This is for >1023 cylinders */
111 		ext_cyl = (logical_end - (end_head * end_sector + end_sector))
112 		    / (end_head + 1) / end_sector;
113 		ext_physical_end = ext_cyl * (end_head + 1) * end_sector +
114 		    end_head * end_sector + end_sector;
115 
116 #ifdef DEBUG
117 		printk("scsicam_bios_param : logical_end=%d physical_end=%d ext_physical_end=%d ext_cyl=%d\n"
118 		  ,logical_end, physical_end, ext_physical_end, ext_cyl);
119 #endif
120 
121 		if (logical_end == physical_end ||
122 		    (end_cyl == 1023 && ext_physical_end == logical_end)) {
123 			geom[0] = end_head + 1;
124 			geom[1] = end_sector;
125 			geom[2] = (unsigned long)capacity /
126 				((end_head + 1) * end_sector);
127 			ret = true;
128 			goto out_free_buf;
129 		}
130 #ifdef DEBUG
131 		printk("scsicam_bios_param : logical (%u) != physical (%u)\n",
132 		       logical_end, physical_end);
133 #endif
134 	}
135 
136 out_free_buf:
137 	kfree(buf);
138 	return ret;
139 }
140 EXPORT_SYMBOL(scsi_partsize);
141 
142 /*
143  * Function : static int setsize(unsigned long capacity,unsigned int *cyls,
144  *      unsigned int *hds, unsigned int *secs);
145  *
146  * Purpose : to determine a near-optimal int 0x13 mapping for a
147  *      SCSI disk in terms of lost space of size capacity, storing
148  *      the results in *cyls, *hds, and *secs.
149  *
150  * Returns : -1 on failure, 0 on success.
151  *
152  * Extracted from
153  *
154  * WORKING                                                    X3T9.2
155  * DRAFT                                                        792D
156  * see http://www.t10.org/ftp/t10/drafts/cam/cam-r12b.pdf
157  *
158  *                                                        Revision 6
159  *                                                         10-MAR-94
160  * Information technology -
161  * SCSI-2 Common access method
162  * transport and SCSI interface module
163  *
164  * ANNEX A :
165  *
166  * setsize() converts a read capacity value to int 13h
167  * head-cylinder-sector requirements. It minimizes the value for
168  * number of heads and maximizes the number of cylinders. This
169  * will support rather large disks before the number of heads
170  * will not fit in 4 bits (or 6 bits). This algorithm also
171  * minimizes the number of sectors that will be unused at the end
172  * of the disk while allowing for very large disks to be
173  * accommodated. This algorithm does not use physical geometry.
174  */
175 
176 static int setsize(unsigned long capacity, unsigned int *cyls, unsigned int *hds,
177 		   unsigned int *secs)
178 {
179 	unsigned int rv = 0;
180 	unsigned long heads, sectors, cylinders, temp;
181 
182 	cylinders = 1024L;	/* Set number of cylinders to max */
183 	sectors = 62L;		/* Maximize sectors per track */
184 
185 	temp = cylinders * sectors;	/* Compute divisor for heads */
186 	heads = capacity / temp;	/* Compute value for number of heads */
187 	if (capacity % temp) {	/* If no remainder, done! */
188 		heads++;	/* Else, increment number of heads */
189 		temp = cylinders * heads;	/* Compute divisor for sectors */
190 		sectors = capacity / temp;	/* Compute value for sectors per
191 						   track */
192 		if (capacity % temp) {	/* If no remainder, done! */
193 			sectors++;	/* Else, increment number of sectors */
194 			temp = heads * sectors;		/* Compute divisor for cylinders */
195 			cylinders = capacity / temp;	/* Compute number of cylinders */
196 		}
197 	}
198 	if (cylinders == 0)
199 		rv = (unsigned) -1;	/* Give error if 0 cylinders */
200 
201 	*cyls = (unsigned int) cylinders;	/* Stuff return values */
202 	*secs = (unsigned int) sectors;
203 	*hds = (unsigned int) heads;
204 	return (rv);
205 }
206 
207 /**
208  * scsicam_bios_param - Determine geometry of a disk in cylinders/heads/sectors.
209  * @bdev: which device
210  * @capacity: size of the disk in sectors
211  * @ip: return value: ip[0]=heads, ip[1]=sectors, ip[2]=cylinders
212  *
213  * Description : determine the BIOS mapping/geometry used for a drive in a
214  *      SCSI-CAM system, storing the results in ip as required
215  *      by the HDIO_GETGEO ioctl().
216  *
217  * Returns : -1 on failure, 0 on success.
218  */
219 int scsicam_bios_param(struct block_device *bdev, sector_t capacity, int *ip)
220 {
221 	u64 capacity64 = capacity;	/* Suppress gcc warning */
222 	int ret = 0;
223 
224 	/* try to infer mapping from partition table */
225 	if (scsi_partsize(bdev, capacity, ip))
226 		return 0;
227 
228 	if (capacity64 < (1ULL << 32)) {
229 		/*
230 		 * Pick some standard mapping with at most 1024 cylinders, and
231 		 * at most 62 sectors per track - this works up to 7905 MB.
232 		 */
233 		ret = setsize((unsigned long)capacity, (unsigned int *)ip + 2,
234 		       (unsigned int *)ip + 0, (unsigned int *)ip + 1);
235 	}
236 
237 	/*
238 	 * If something went wrong, then apparently we have to return a geometry
239 	 * with more than 1024 cylinders.
240 	 */
241 	if (ret || ip[0] > 255 || ip[1] > 63) {
242 		if ((capacity >> 11) > 65534) {
243 			ip[0] = 255;
244 			ip[1] = 63;
245 		} else {
246 			ip[0] = 64;
247 			ip[1] = 32;
248 		}
249 
250 		if (capacity > 65535*63*255)
251 			ip[2] = 65535;
252 		else
253 			ip[2] = (unsigned long)capacity / (ip[0] * ip[1]);
254 	}
255 
256 	return 0;
257 }
258 EXPORT_SYMBOL(scsicam_bios_param);
259