xref: /linux/drivers/scsi/device_handler/scsi_dh_alua.c (revision e58e871becec2d3b04ed91c0c16fe8deac9c9dfa)
1 /*
2  * Generic SCSI-3 ALUA SCSI Device Handler
3  *
4  * Copyright (C) 2007-2010 Hannes Reinecke, SUSE Linux Products GmbH.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9  * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
10  * (at your option) any later version.
11  *
12  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
15  * GNU General Public License for more details.
16  *
17  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18  * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
19  * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
20  *
21  */
22 #include <linux/slab.h>
23 #include <linux/delay.h>
24 #include <linux/module.h>
25 #include <asm/unaligned.h>
26 #include <scsi/scsi.h>
27 #include <scsi/scsi_proto.h>
28 #include <scsi/scsi_dbg.h>
29 #include <scsi/scsi_eh.h>
30 #include <scsi/scsi_dh.h>
31 
32 #define ALUA_DH_NAME "alua"
33 #define ALUA_DH_VER "2.0"
34 
35 #define TPGS_SUPPORT_NONE		0x00
36 #define TPGS_SUPPORT_OPTIMIZED		0x01
37 #define TPGS_SUPPORT_NONOPTIMIZED	0x02
38 #define TPGS_SUPPORT_STANDBY		0x04
39 #define TPGS_SUPPORT_UNAVAILABLE	0x08
40 #define TPGS_SUPPORT_LBA_DEPENDENT	0x10
41 #define TPGS_SUPPORT_OFFLINE		0x40
42 #define TPGS_SUPPORT_TRANSITION		0x80
43 
44 #define RTPG_FMT_MASK			0x70
45 #define RTPG_FMT_EXT_HDR		0x10
46 
47 #define TPGS_MODE_UNINITIALIZED		 -1
48 #define TPGS_MODE_NONE			0x0
49 #define TPGS_MODE_IMPLICIT		0x1
50 #define TPGS_MODE_EXPLICIT		0x2
51 
52 #define ALUA_RTPG_SIZE			128
53 #define ALUA_FAILOVER_TIMEOUT		60
54 #define ALUA_FAILOVER_RETRIES		5
55 #define ALUA_RTPG_DELAY_MSECS		5
56 
57 /* device handler flags */
58 #define ALUA_OPTIMIZE_STPG		0x01
59 #define ALUA_RTPG_EXT_HDR_UNSUPP	0x02
60 #define ALUA_SYNC_STPG			0x04
61 /* State machine flags */
62 #define ALUA_PG_RUN_RTPG		0x10
63 #define ALUA_PG_RUN_STPG		0x20
64 #define ALUA_PG_RUNNING			0x40
65 
66 static uint optimize_stpg;
67 module_param(optimize_stpg, uint, S_IRUGO|S_IWUSR);
68 MODULE_PARM_DESC(optimize_stpg, "Allow use of a non-optimized path, rather than sending a STPG, when implicit TPGS is supported (0=No,1=Yes). Default is 0.");
69 
70 static LIST_HEAD(port_group_list);
71 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(port_group_lock);
72 static struct workqueue_struct *kaluad_wq;
73 static struct workqueue_struct *kaluad_sync_wq;
74 
75 struct alua_port_group {
76 	struct kref		kref;
77 	struct rcu_head		rcu;
78 	struct list_head	node;
79 	struct list_head	dh_list;
80 	unsigned char		device_id_str[256];
81 	int			device_id_len;
82 	int			group_id;
83 	int			tpgs;
84 	int			state;
85 	int			pref;
86 	unsigned		flags; /* used for optimizing STPG */
87 	unsigned char		transition_tmo;
88 	unsigned long		expiry;
89 	unsigned long		interval;
90 	struct delayed_work	rtpg_work;
91 	spinlock_t		lock;
92 	struct list_head	rtpg_list;
93 	struct scsi_device	*rtpg_sdev;
94 };
95 
96 struct alua_dh_data {
97 	struct list_head	node;
98 	struct alua_port_group __rcu *pg;
99 	int			group_id;
100 	spinlock_t		pg_lock;
101 	struct scsi_device	*sdev;
102 	int			init_error;
103 	struct mutex		init_mutex;
104 };
105 
106 struct alua_queue_data {
107 	struct list_head	entry;
108 	activate_complete	callback_fn;
109 	void			*callback_data;
110 };
111 
112 #define ALUA_POLICY_SWITCH_CURRENT	0
113 #define ALUA_POLICY_SWITCH_ALL		1
114 
115 static void alua_rtpg_work(struct work_struct *work);
116 static bool alua_rtpg_queue(struct alua_port_group *pg,
117 			    struct scsi_device *sdev,
118 			    struct alua_queue_data *qdata, bool force);
119 static void alua_check(struct scsi_device *sdev, bool force);
120 
121 static void release_port_group(struct kref *kref)
122 {
123 	struct alua_port_group *pg;
124 
125 	pg = container_of(kref, struct alua_port_group, kref);
126 	if (pg->rtpg_sdev)
127 		flush_delayed_work(&pg->rtpg_work);
128 	spin_lock(&port_group_lock);
129 	list_del(&pg->node);
130 	spin_unlock(&port_group_lock);
131 	kfree_rcu(pg, rcu);
132 }
133 
134 /*
135  * submit_rtpg - Issue a REPORT TARGET GROUP STATES command
136  * @sdev: sdev the command should be sent to
137  */
138 static int submit_rtpg(struct scsi_device *sdev, unsigned char *buff,
139 		       int bufflen, struct scsi_sense_hdr *sshdr, int flags)
140 {
141 	u8 cdb[COMMAND_SIZE(MAINTENANCE_IN)];
142 	int req_flags = REQ_FAILFAST_DEV | REQ_FAILFAST_TRANSPORT |
143 		REQ_FAILFAST_DRIVER;
144 
145 	/* Prepare the command. */
146 	memset(cdb, 0x0, COMMAND_SIZE(MAINTENANCE_IN));
147 	cdb[0] = MAINTENANCE_IN;
148 	if (!(flags & ALUA_RTPG_EXT_HDR_UNSUPP))
149 		cdb[1] = MI_REPORT_TARGET_PGS | MI_EXT_HDR_PARAM_FMT;
150 	else
151 		cdb[1] = MI_REPORT_TARGET_PGS;
152 	put_unaligned_be32(bufflen, &cdb[6]);
153 
154 	return scsi_execute(sdev, cdb, DMA_FROM_DEVICE, buff, bufflen, NULL,
155 			sshdr, ALUA_FAILOVER_TIMEOUT * HZ,
156 			ALUA_FAILOVER_RETRIES, req_flags, 0, NULL);
157 }
158 
159 /*
160  * submit_stpg - Issue a SET TARGET PORT GROUP command
161  *
162  * Currently we're only setting the current target port group state
163  * to 'active/optimized' and let the array firmware figure out
164  * the states of the remaining groups.
165  */
166 static int submit_stpg(struct scsi_device *sdev, int group_id,
167 		       struct scsi_sense_hdr *sshdr)
168 {
169 	u8 cdb[COMMAND_SIZE(MAINTENANCE_OUT)];
170 	unsigned char stpg_data[8];
171 	int stpg_len = 8;
172 	int req_flags = REQ_FAILFAST_DEV | REQ_FAILFAST_TRANSPORT |
173 		REQ_FAILFAST_DRIVER;
174 
175 	/* Prepare the data buffer */
176 	memset(stpg_data, 0, stpg_len);
177 	stpg_data[4] = SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_OPTIMAL;
178 	put_unaligned_be16(group_id, &stpg_data[6]);
179 
180 	/* Prepare the command. */
181 	memset(cdb, 0x0, COMMAND_SIZE(MAINTENANCE_OUT));
182 	cdb[0] = MAINTENANCE_OUT;
183 	cdb[1] = MO_SET_TARGET_PGS;
184 	put_unaligned_be32(stpg_len, &cdb[6]);
185 
186 	return scsi_execute(sdev, cdb, DMA_TO_DEVICE, stpg_data, stpg_len, NULL,
187 			sshdr, ALUA_FAILOVER_TIMEOUT * HZ,
188 			ALUA_FAILOVER_RETRIES, req_flags, 0, NULL);
189 }
190 
191 static struct alua_port_group *alua_find_get_pg(char *id_str, size_t id_size,
192 						int group_id)
193 {
194 	struct alua_port_group *pg;
195 
196 	if (!id_str || !id_size || !strlen(id_str))
197 		return NULL;
198 
199 	list_for_each_entry(pg, &port_group_list, node) {
200 		if (pg->group_id != group_id)
201 			continue;
202 		if (!pg->device_id_len || pg->device_id_len != id_size)
203 			continue;
204 		if (strncmp(pg->device_id_str, id_str, id_size))
205 			continue;
206 		if (!kref_get_unless_zero(&pg->kref))
207 			continue;
208 		return pg;
209 	}
210 
211 	return NULL;
212 }
213 
214 /*
215  * alua_alloc_pg - Allocate a new port_group structure
216  * @sdev: scsi device
217  * @h: alua device_handler data
218  * @group_id: port group id
219  *
220  * Allocate a new port_group structure for a given
221  * device.
222  */
223 static struct alua_port_group *alua_alloc_pg(struct scsi_device *sdev,
224 					     int group_id, int tpgs)
225 {
226 	struct alua_port_group *pg, *tmp_pg;
227 
228 	pg = kzalloc(sizeof(struct alua_port_group), GFP_KERNEL);
229 	if (!pg)
230 		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
231 
232 	pg->device_id_len = scsi_vpd_lun_id(sdev, pg->device_id_str,
233 					    sizeof(pg->device_id_str));
234 	if (pg->device_id_len <= 0) {
235 		/*
236 		 * TPGS supported but no device identification found.
237 		 * Generate private device identification.
238 		 */
239 		sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev,
240 			    "%s: No device descriptors found\n",
241 			    ALUA_DH_NAME);
242 		pg->device_id_str[0] = '\0';
243 		pg->device_id_len = 0;
244 	}
245 	pg->group_id = group_id;
246 	pg->tpgs = tpgs;
247 	pg->state = SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_OPTIMAL;
248 	if (optimize_stpg)
249 		pg->flags |= ALUA_OPTIMIZE_STPG;
250 	kref_init(&pg->kref);
251 	INIT_DELAYED_WORK(&pg->rtpg_work, alua_rtpg_work);
252 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&pg->rtpg_list);
253 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&pg->node);
254 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&pg->dh_list);
255 	spin_lock_init(&pg->lock);
256 
257 	spin_lock(&port_group_lock);
258 	tmp_pg = alua_find_get_pg(pg->device_id_str, pg->device_id_len,
259 				  group_id);
260 	if (tmp_pg) {
261 		spin_unlock(&port_group_lock);
262 		kfree(pg);
263 		return tmp_pg;
264 	}
265 
266 	list_add(&pg->node, &port_group_list);
267 	spin_unlock(&port_group_lock);
268 
269 	return pg;
270 }
271 
272 /*
273  * alua_check_tpgs - Evaluate TPGS setting
274  * @sdev: device to be checked
275  *
276  * Examine the TPGS setting of the sdev to find out if ALUA
277  * is supported.
278  */
279 static int alua_check_tpgs(struct scsi_device *sdev)
280 {
281 	int tpgs = TPGS_MODE_NONE;
282 
283 	/*
284 	 * ALUA support for non-disk devices is fraught with
285 	 * difficulties, so disable it for now.
286 	 */
287 	if (sdev->type != TYPE_DISK) {
288 		sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev,
289 			    "%s: disable for non-disk devices\n",
290 			    ALUA_DH_NAME);
291 		return tpgs;
292 	}
293 
294 	tpgs = scsi_device_tpgs(sdev);
295 	switch (tpgs) {
296 	case TPGS_MODE_EXPLICIT|TPGS_MODE_IMPLICIT:
297 		sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev,
298 			    "%s: supports implicit and explicit TPGS\n",
299 			    ALUA_DH_NAME);
300 		break;
301 	case TPGS_MODE_EXPLICIT:
302 		sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev, "%s: supports explicit TPGS\n",
303 			    ALUA_DH_NAME);
304 		break;
305 	case TPGS_MODE_IMPLICIT:
306 		sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev, "%s: supports implicit TPGS\n",
307 			    ALUA_DH_NAME);
308 		break;
309 	case TPGS_MODE_NONE:
310 		sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev, "%s: not supported\n",
311 			    ALUA_DH_NAME);
312 		break;
313 	default:
314 		sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev,
315 			    "%s: unsupported TPGS setting %d\n",
316 			    ALUA_DH_NAME, tpgs);
317 		tpgs = TPGS_MODE_NONE;
318 		break;
319 	}
320 
321 	return tpgs;
322 }
323 
324 /*
325  * alua_check_vpd - Evaluate INQUIRY vpd page 0x83
326  * @sdev: device to be checked
327  *
328  * Extract the relative target port and the target port group
329  * descriptor from the list of identificators.
330  */
331 static int alua_check_vpd(struct scsi_device *sdev, struct alua_dh_data *h,
332 			  int tpgs)
333 {
334 	int rel_port = -1, group_id;
335 	struct alua_port_group *pg, *old_pg = NULL;
336 	bool pg_updated = false;
337 	unsigned long flags;
338 
339 	group_id = scsi_vpd_tpg_id(sdev, &rel_port);
340 	if (group_id < 0) {
341 		/*
342 		 * Internal error; TPGS supported but required
343 		 * VPD identification descriptors not present.
344 		 * Disable ALUA support
345 		 */
346 		sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev,
347 			    "%s: No target port descriptors found\n",
348 			    ALUA_DH_NAME);
349 		return SCSI_DH_DEV_UNSUPP;
350 	}
351 
352 	pg = alua_alloc_pg(sdev, group_id, tpgs);
353 	if (IS_ERR(pg)) {
354 		if (PTR_ERR(pg) == -ENOMEM)
355 			return SCSI_DH_NOMEM;
356 		return SCSI_DH_DEV_UNSUPP;
357 	}
358 	if (pg->device_id_len)
359 		sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev,
360 			    "%s: device %s port group %x rel port %x\n",
361 			    ALUA_DH_NAME, pg->device_id_str,
362 			    group_id, rel_port);
363 	else
364 		sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev,
365 			    "%s: port group %x rel port %x\n",
366 			    ALUA_DH_NAME, group_id, rel_port);
367 
368 	/* Check for existing port group references */
369 	spin_lock(&h->pg_lock);
370 	old_pg = rcu_dereference_protected(h->pg, lockdep_is_held(&h->pg_lock));
371 	if (old_pg != pg) {
372 		/* port group has changed. Update to new port group */
373 		if (h->pg) {
374 			spin_lock_irqsave(&old_pg->lock, flags);
375 			list_del_rcu(&h->node);
376 			spin_unlock_irqrestore(&old_pg->lock, flags);
377 		}
378 		rcu_assign_pointer(h->pg, pg);
379 		pg_updated = true;
380 	}
381 
382 	spin_lock_irqsave(&pg->lock, flags);
383 	if (sdev->synchronous_alua)
384 		pg->flags |= ALUA_SYNC_STPG;
385 	if (pg_updated)
386 		list_add_rcu(&h->node, &pg->dh_list);
387 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pg->lock, flags);
388 
389 	alua_rtpg_queue(rcu_dereference_protected(h->pg,
390 						  lockdep_is_held(&h->pg_lock)),
391 			sdev, NULL, true);
392 	spin_unlock(&h->pg_lock);
393 
394 	if (old_pg)
395 		kref_put(&old_pg->kref, release_port_group);
396 
397 	return SCSI_DH_OK;
398 }
399 
400 static char print_alua_state(unsigned char state)
401 {
402 	switch (state) {
403 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_OPTIMAL:
404 		return 'A';
405 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_ACTIVE:
406 		return 'N';
407 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_STANDBY:
408 		return 'S';
409 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_UNAVAILABLE:
410 		return 'U';
411 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_LBA:
412 		return 'L';
413 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_OFFLINE:
414 		return 'O';
415 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_TRANSITIONING:
416 		return 'T';
417 	default:
418 		return 'X';
419 	}
420 }
421 
422 static int alua_check_sense(struct scsi_device *sdev,
423 			    struct scsi_sense_hdr *sense_hdr)
424 {
425 	switch (sense_hdr->sense_key) {
426 	case NOT_READY:
427 		if (sense_hdr->asc == 0x04 && sense_hdr->ascq == 0x0a) {
428 			/*
429 			 * LUN Not Accessible - ALUA state transition
430 			 */
431 			alua_check(sdev, false);
432 			return NEEDS_RETRY;
433 		}
434 		break;
435 	case UNIT_ATTENTION:
436 		if (sense_hdr->asc == 0x29 && sense_hdr->ascq == 0x00) {
437 			/*
438 			 * Power On, Reset, or Bus Device Reset.
439 			 * Might have obscured a state transition,
440 			 * so schedule a recheck.
441 			 */
442 			alua_check(sdev, true);
443 			return ADD_TO_MLQUEUE;
444 		}
445 		if (sense_hdr->asc == 0x29 && sense_hdr->ascq == 0x04)
446 			/*
447 			 * Device internal reset
448 			 */
449 			return ADD_TO_MLQUEUE;
450 		if (sense_hdr->asc == 0x2a && sense_hdr->ascq == 0x01)
451 			/*
452 			 * Mode Parameters Changed
453 			 */
454 			return ADD_TO_MLQUEUE;
455 		if (sense_hdr->asc == 0x2a && sense_hdr->ascq == 0x06) {
456 			/*
457 			 * ALUA state changed
458 			 */
459 			alua_check(sdev, true);
460 			return ADD_TO_MLQUEUE;
461 		}
462 		if (sense_hdr->asc == 0x2a && sense_hdr->ascq == 0x07) {
463 			/*
464 			 * Implicit ALUA state transition failed
465 			 */
466 			alua_check(sdev, true);
467 			return ADD_TO_MLQUEUE;
468 		}
469 		if (sense_hdr->asc == 0x3f && sense_hdr->ascq == 0x03)
470 			/*
471 			 * Inquiry data has changed
472 			 */
473 			return ADD_TO_MLQUEUE;
474 		if (sense_hdr->asc == 0x3f && sense_hdr->ascq == 0x0e)
475 			/*
476 			 * REPORTED_LUNS_DATA_HAS_CHANGED is reported
477 			 * when switching controllers on targets like
478 			 * Intel Multi-Flex. We can just retry.
479 			 */
480 			return ADD_TO_MLQUEUE;
481 		break;
482 	}
483 
484 	return SCSI_RETURN_NOT_HANDLED;
485 }
486 
487 /*
488  * alua_tur - Send a TEST UNIT READY
489  * @sdev: device to which the TEST UNIT READY command should be send
490  *
491  * Send a TEST UNIT READY to @sdev to figure out the device state
492  * Returns SCSI_DH_RETRY if the sense code is NOT READY/ALUA TRANSITIONING,
493  * SCSI_DH_OK if no error occurred, and SCSI_DH_IO otherwise.
494  */
495 static int alua_tur(struct scsi_device *sdev)
496 {
497 	struct scsi_sense_hdr sense_hdr;
498 	int retval;
499 
500 	retval = scsi_test_unit_ready(sdev, ALUA_FAILOVER_TIMEOUT * HZ,
501 				      ALUA_FAILOVER_RETRIES, &sense_hdr);
502 	if (sense_hdr.sense_key == NOT_READY &&
503 	    sense_hdr.asc == 0x04 && sense_hdr.ascq == 0x0a)
504 		return SCSI_DH_RETRY;
505 	else if (retval)
506 		return SCSI_DH_IO;
507 	else
508 		return SCSI_DH_OK;
509 }
510 
511 /*
512  * alua_rtpg - Evaluate REPORT TARGET GROUP STATES
513  * @sdev: the device to be evaluated.
514  *
515  * Evaluate the Target Port Group State.
516  * Returns SCSI_DH_DEV_OFFLINED if the path is
517  * found to be unusable.
518  */
519 static int alua_rtpg(struct scsi_device *sdev, struct alua_port_group *pg)
520 {
521 	struct scsi_sense_hdr sense_hdr;
522 	struct alua_port_group *tmp_pg;
523 	int len, k, off, valid_states = 0, bufflen = ALUA_RTPG_SIZE;
524 	unsigned char *desc, *buff;
525 	unsigned err, retval;
526 	unsigned int tpg_desc_tbl_off;
527 	unsigned char orig_transition_tmo;
528 	unsigned long flags;
529 
530 	if (!pg->expiry) {
531 		unsigned long transition_tmo = ALUA_FAILOVER_TIMEOUT * HZ;
532 
533 		if (pg->transition_tmo)
534 			transition_tmo = pg->transition_tmo * HZ;
535 
536 		pg->expiry = round_jiffies_up(jiffies + transition_tmo);
537 	}
538 
539 	buff = kzalloc(bufflen, GFP_KERNEL);
540 	if (!buff)
541 		return SCSI_DH_DEV_TEMP_BUSY;
542 
543  retry:
544 	err = 0;
545 	retval = submit_rtpg(sdev, buff, bufflen, &sense_hdr, pg->flags);
546 
547 	if (retval) {
548 		if (!scsi_sense_valid(&sense_hdr)) {
549 			sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev,
550 				    "%s: rtpg failed, result %d\n",
551 				    ALUA_DH_NAME, retval);
552 			kfree(buff);
553 			if (driver_byte(retval) == DRIVER_ERROR)
554 				return SCSI_DH_DEV_TEMP_BUSY;
555 			return SCSI_DH_IO;
556 		}
557 
558 		/*
559 		 * submit_rtpg() has failed on existing arrays
560 		 * when requesting extended header info, and
561 		 * the array doesn't support extended headers,
562 		 * even though it shouldn't according to T10.
563 		 * The retry without rtpg_ext_hdr_req set
564 		 * handles this.
565 		 */
566 		if (!(pg->flags & ALUA_RTPG_EXT_HDR_UNSUPP) &&
567 		    sense_hdr.sense_key == ILLEGAL_REQUEST &&
568 		    sense_hdr.asc == 0x24 && sense_hdr.ascq == 0) {
569 			pg->flags |= ALUA_RTPG_EXT_HDR_UNSUPP;
570 			goto retry;
571 		}
572 		/*
573 		 * Retry on ALUA state transition or if any
574 		 * UNIT ATTENTION occurred.
575 		 */
576 		if (sense_hdr.sense_key == NOT_READY &&
577 		    sense_hdr.asc == 0x04 && sense_hdr.ascq == 0x0a)
578 			err = SCSI_DH_RETRY;
579 		else if (sense_hdr.sense_key == UNIT_ATTENTION)
580 			err = SCSI_DH_RETRY;
581 		if (err == SCSI_DH_RETRY &&
582 		    pg->expiry != 0 && time_before(jiffies, pg->expiry)) {
583 			sdev_printk(KERN_ERR, sdev, "%s: rtpg retry\n",
584 				    ALUA_DH_NAME);
585 			scsi_print_sense_hdr(sdev, ALUA_DH_NAME, &sense_hdr);
586 			kfree(buff);
587 			return err;
588 		}
589 		sdev_printk(KERN_ERR, sdev, "%s: rtpg failed\n",
590 			    ALUA_DH_NAME);
591 		scsi_print_sense_hdr(sdev, ALUA_DH_NAME, &sense_hdr);
592 		kfree(buff);
593 		pg->expiry = 0;
594 		return SCSI_DH_IO;
595 	}
596 
597 	len = get_unaligned_be32(&buff[0]) + 4;
598 
599 	if (len > bufflen) {
600 		/* Resubmit with the correct length */
601 		kfree(buff);
602 		bufflen = len;
603 		buff = kmalloc(bufflen, GFP_KERNEL);
604 		if (!buff) {
605 			sdev_printk(KERN_WARNING, sdev,
606 				    "%s: kmalloc buffer failed\n",__func__);
607 			/* Temporary failure, bypass */
608 			pg->expiry = 0;
609 			return SCSI_DH_DEV_TEMP_BUSY;
610 		}
611 		goto retry;
612 	}
613 
614 	orig_transition_tmo = pg->transition_tmo;
615 	if ((buff[4] & RTPG_FMT_MASK) == RTPG_FMT_EXT_HDR && buff[5] != 0)
616 		pg->transition_tmo = buff[5];
617 	else
618 		pg->transition_tmo = ALUA_FAILOVER_TIMEOUT;
619 
620 	if (orig_transition_tmo != pg->transition_tmo) {
621 		sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev,
622 			    "%s: transition timeout set to %d seconds\n",
623 			    ALUA_DH_NAME, pg->transition_tmo);
624 		pg->expiry = jiffies + pg->transition_tmo * HZ;
625 	}
626 
627 	if ((buff[4] & RTPG_FMT_MASK) == RTPG_FMT_EXT_HDR)
628 		tpg_desc_tbl_off = 8;
629 	else
630 		tpg_desc_tbl_off = 4;
631 
632 	for (k = tpg_desc_tbl_off, desc = buff + tpg_desc_tbl_off;
633 	     k < len;
634 	     k += off, desc += off) {
635 		u16 group_id = get_unaligned_be16(&desc[2]);
636 
637 		spin_lock_irqsave(&port_group_lock, flags);
638 		tmp_pg = alua_find_get_pg(pg->device_id_str, pg->device_id_len,
639 					  group_id);
640 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&port_group_lock, flags);
641 		if (tmp_pg) {
642 			if (spin_trylock_irqsave(&tmp_pg->lock, flags)) {
643 				if ((tmp_pg == pg) ||
644 				    !(tmp_pg->flags & ALUA_PG_RUNNING)) {
645 					struct alua_dh_data *h;
646 
647 					tmp_pg->state = desc[0] & 0x0f;
648 					tmp_pg->pref = desc[0] >> 7;
649 					rcu_read_lock();
650 					list_for_each_entry_rcu(h,
651 						&tmp_pg->dh_list, node) {
652 						/* h->sdev should always be valid */
653 						BUG_ON(!h->sdev);
654 						h->sdev->access_state = desc[0];
655 					}
656 					rcu_read_unlock();
657 				}
658 				if (tmp_pg == pg)
659 					valid_states = desc[1];
660 				spin_unlock_irqrestore(&tmp_pg->lock, flags);
661 			}
662 			kref_put(&tmp_pg->kref, release_port_group);
663 		}
664 		off = 8 + (desc[7] * 4);
665 	}
666 
667 	spin_lock_irqsave(&pg->lock, flags);
668 	sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev,
669 		    "%s: port group %02x state %c %s supports %c%c%c%c%c%c%c\n",
670 		    ALUA_DH_NAME, pg->group_id, print_alua_state(pg->state),
671 		    pg->pref ? "preferred" : "non-preferred",
672 		    valid_states&TPGS_SUPPORT_TRANSITION?'T':'t',
673 		    valid_states&TPGS_SUPPORT_OFFLINE?'O':'o',
674 		    valid_states&TPGS_SUPPORT_LBA_DEPENDENT?'L':'l',
675 		    valid_states&TPGS_SUPPORT_UNAVAILABLE?'U':'u',
676 		    valid_states&TPGS_SUPPORT_STANDBY?'S':'s',
677 		    valid_states&TPGS_SUPPORT_NONOPTIMIZED?'N':'n',
678 		    valid_states&TPGS_SUPPORT_OPTIMIZED?'A':'a');
679 
680 	switch (pg->state) {
681 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_TRANSITIONING:
682 		if (time_before(jiffies, pg->expiry)) {
683 			/* State transition, retry */
684 			pg->interval = 2;
685 			err = SCSI_DH_RETRY;
686 		} else {
687 			struct alua_dh_data *h;
688 
689 			/* Transitioning time exceeded, set port to standby */
690 			err = SCSI_DH_IO;
691 			pg->state = SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_STANDBY;
692 			pg->expiry = 0;
693 			rcu_read_lock();
694 			list_for_each_entry_rcu(h, &pg->dh_list, node) {
695 				BUG_ON(!h->sdev);
696 				h->sdev->access_state =
697 					(pg->state & SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_MASK);
698 				if (pg->pref)
699 					h->sdev->access_state |=
700 						SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_PREFERRED;
701 			}
702 			rcu_read_unlock();
703 		}
704 		break;
705 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_OFFLINE:
706 		/* Path unusable */
707 		err = SCSI_DH_DEV_OFFLINED;
708 		pg->expiry = 0;
709 		break;
710 	default:
711 		/* Useable path if active */
712 		err = SCSI_DH_OK;
713 		pg->expiry = 0;
714 		break;
715 	}
716 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pg->lock, flags);
717 	kfree(buff);
718 	return err;
719 }
720 
721 /*
722  * alua_stpg - Issue a SET TARGET PORT GROUP command
723  *
724  * Issue a SET TARGET PORT GROUP command and evaluate the
725  * response. Returns SCSI_DH_RETRY per default to trigger
726  * a re-evaluation of the target group state or SCSI_DH_OK
727  * if no further action needs to be taken.
728  */
729 static unsigned alua_stpg(struct scsi_device *sdev, struct alua_port_group *pg)
730 {
731 	int retval;
732 	struct scsi_sense_hdr sense_hdr;
733 
734 	if (!(pg->tpgs & TPGS_MODE_EXPLICIT)) {
735 		/* Only implicit ALUA supported, retry */
736 		return SCSI_DH_RETRY;
737 	}
738 	switch (pg->state) {
739 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_OPTIMAL:
740 		return SCSI_DH_OK;
741 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_ACTIVE:
742 		if ((pg->flags & ALUA_OPTIMIZE_STPG) &&
743 		    !pg->pref &&
744 		    (pg->tpgs & TPGS_MODE_IMPLICIT))
745 			return SCSI_DH_OK;
746 		break;
747 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_STANDBY:
748 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_UNAVAILABLE:
749 		break;
750 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_OFFLINE:
751 		return SCSI_DH_IO;
752 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_TRANSITIONING:
753 		break;
754 	default:
755 		sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev,
756 			    "%s: stpg failed, unhandled TPGS state %d",
757 			    ALUA_DH_NAME, pg->state);
758 		return SCSI_DH_NOSYS;
759 	}
760 	retval = submit_stpg(sdev, pg->group_id, &sense_hdr);
761 
762 	if (retval) {
763 		if (!scsi_sense_valid(&sense_hdr)) {
764 			sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev,
765 				    "%s: stpg failed, result %d",
766 				    ALUA_DH_NAME, retval);
767 			if (driver_byte(retval) == DRIVER_ERROR)
768 				return SCSI_DH_DEV_TEMP_BUSY;
769 		} else {
770 			sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev, "%s: stpg failed\n",
771 				    ALUA_DH_NAME);
772 			scsi_print_sense_hdr(sdev, ALUA_DH_NAME, &sense_hdr);
773 		}
774 	}
775 	/* Retry RTPG */
776 	return SCSI_DH_RETRY;
777 }
778 
779 static void alua_rtpg_work(struct work_struct *work)
780 {
781 	struct alua_port_group *pg =
782 		container_of(work, struct alua_port_group, rtpg_work.work);
783 	struct scsi_device *sdev;
784 	LIST_HEAD(qdata_list);
785 	int err = SCSI_DH_OK;
786 	struct alua_queue_data *qdata, *tmp;
787 	unsigned long flags;
788 	struct workqueue_struct *alua_wq = kaluad_wq;
789 
790 	spin_lock_irqsave(&pg->lock, flags);
791 	sdev = pg->rtpg_sdev;
792 	if (!sdev) {
793 		WARN_ON(pg->flags & ALUA_PG_RUN_RTPG);
794 		WARN_ON(pg->flags & ALUA_PG_RUN_STPG);
795 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pg->lock, flags);
796 		kref_put(&pg->kref, release_port_group);
797 		return;
798 	}
799 	if (pg->flags & ALUA_SYNC_STPG)
800 		alua_wq = kaluad_sync_wq;
801 	pg->flags |= ALUA_PG_RUNNING;
802 	if (pg->flags & ALUA_PG_RUN_RTPG) {
803 		int state = pg->state;
804 
805 		pg->flags &= ~ALUA_PG_RUN_RTPG;
806 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pg->lock, flags);
807 		if (state == SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_TRANSITIONING) {
808 			if (alua_tur(sdev) == SCSI_DH_RETRY) {
809 				spin_lock_irqsave(&pg->lock, flags);
810 				pg->flags &= ~ALUA_PG_RUNNING;
811 				pg->flags |= ALUA_PG_RUN_RTPG;
812 				spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pg->lock, flags);
813 				queue_delayed_work(alua_wq, &pg->rtpg_work,
814 						   pg->interval * HZ);
815 				return;
816 			}
817 			/* Send RTPG on failure or if TUR indicates SUCCESS */
818 		}
819 		err = alua_rtpg(sdev, pg);
820 		spin_lock_irqsave(&pg->lock, flags);
821 		if (err == SCSI_DH_RETRY || pg->flags & ALUA_PG_RUN_RTPG) {
822 			pg->flags &= ~ALUA_PG_RUNNING;
823 			pg->flags |= ALUA_PG_RUN_RTPG;
824 			spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pg->lock, flags);
825 			queue_delayed_work(alua_wq, &pg->rtpg_work,
826 					   pg->interval * HZ);
827 			return;
828 		}
829 		if (err != SCSI_DH_OK)
830 			pg->flags &= ~ALUA_PG_RUN_STPG;
831 	}
832 	if (pg->flags & ALUA_PG_RUN_STPG) {
833 		pg->flags &= ~ALUA_PG_RUN_STPG;
834 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pg->lock, flags);
835 		err = alua_stpg(sdev, pg);
836 		spin_lock_irqsave(&pg->lock, flags);
837 		if (err == SCSI_DH_RETRY || pg->flags & ALUA_PG_RUN_RTPG) {
838 			pg->flags |= ALUA_PG_RUN_RTPG;
839 			pg->interval = 0;
840 			pg->flags &= ~ALUA_PG_RUNNING;
841 			spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pg->lock, flags);
842 			queue_delayed_work(alua_wq, &pg->rtpg_work,
843 					   pg->interval * HZ);
844 			return;
845 		}
846 	}
847 
848 	list_splice_init(&pg->rtpg_list, &qdata_list);
849 	pg->rtpg_sdev = NULL;
850 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pg->lock, flags);
851 
852 	list_for_each_entry_safe(qdata, tmp, &qdata_list, entry) {
853 		list_del(&qdata->entry);
854 		if (qdata->callback_fn)
855 			qdata->callback_fn(qdata->callback_data, err);
856 		kfree(qdata);
857 	}
858 	spin_lock_irqsave(&pg->lock, flags);
859 	pg->flags &= ~ALUA_PG_RUNNING;
860 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pg->lock, flags);
861 	scsi_device_put(sdev);
862 	kref_put(&pg->kref, release_port_group);
863 }
864 
865 /**
866  * alua_rtpg_queue() - cause RTPG to be submitted asynchronously
867  *
868  * Returns true if and only if alua_rtpg_work() will be called asynchronously.
869  * That function is responsible for calling @qdata->fn().
870  */
871 static bool alua_rtpg_queue(struct alua_port_group *pg,
872 			    struct scsi_device *sdev,
873 			    struct alua_queue_data *qdata, bool force)
874 {
875 	int start_queue = 0;
876 	unsigned long flags;
877 	struct workqueue_struct *alua_wq = kaluad_wq;
878 
879 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!pg) || scsi_device_get(sdev))
880 		return false;
881 
882 	spin_lock_irqsave(&pg->lock, flags);
883 	if (qdata) {
884 		list_add_tail(&qdata->entry, &pg->rtpg_list);
885 		pg->flags |= ALUA_PG_RUN_STPG;
886 		force = true;
887 	}
888 	if (pg->rtpg_sdev == NULL) {
889 		pg->interval = 0;
890 		pg->flags |= ALUA_PG_RUN_RTPG;
891 		kref_get(&pg->kref);
892 		pg->rtpg_sdev = sdev;
893 		start_queue = 1;
894 	} else if (!(pg->flags & ALUA_PG_RUN_RTPG) && force) {
895 		pg->flags |= ALUA_PG_RUN_RTPG;
896 		/* Do not queue if the worker is already running */
897 		if (!(pg->flags & ALUA_PG_RUNNING)) {
898 			kref_get(&pg->kref);
899 			start_queue = 1;
900 		}
901 	}
902 
903 	if (pg->flags & ALUA_SYNC_STPG)
904 		alua_wq = kaluad_sync_wq;
905 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pg->lock, flags);
906 
907 	if (start_queue) {
908 		if (queue_delayed_work(alua_wq, &pg->rtpg_work,
909 				msecs_to_jiffies(ALUA_RTPG_DELAY_MSECS)))
910 			sdev = NULL;
911 		else
912 			kref_put(&pg->kref, release_port_group);
913 	}
914 	if (sdev)
915 		scsi_device_put(sdev);
916 
917 	return true;
918 }
919 
920 /*
921  * alua_initialize - Initialize ALUA state
922  * @sdev: the device to be initialized
923  *
924  * For the prep_fn to work correctly we have
925  * to initialize the ALUA state for the device.
926  */
927 static int alua_initialize(struct scsi_device *sdev, struct alua_dh_data *h)
928 {
929 	int err = SCSI_DH_DEV_UNSUPP, tpgs;
930 
931 	mutex_lock(&h->init_mutex);
932 	tpgs = alua_check_tpgs(sdev);
933 	if (tpgs != TPGS_MODE_NONE)
934 		err = alua_check_vpd(sdev, h, tpgs);
935 	h->init_error = err;
936 	mutex_unlock(&h->init_mutex);
937 	return err;
938 }
939 /*
940  * alua_set_params - set/unset the optimize flag
941  * @sdev: device on the path to be activated
942  * params - parameters in the following format
943  *      "no_of_params\0param1\0param2\0param3\0...\0"
944  * For example, to set the flag pass the following parameters
945  * from multipath.conf
946  *     hardware_handler        "2 alua 1"
947  */
948 static int alua_set_params(struct scsi_device *sdev, const char *params)
949 {
950 	struct alua_dh_data *h = sdev->handler_data;
951 	struct alua_port_group *pg = NULL;
952 	unsigned int optimize = 0, argc;
953 	const char *p = params;
954 	int result = SCSI_DH_OK;
955 	unsigned long flags;
956 
957 	if ((sscanf(params, "%u", &argc) != 1) || (argc != 1))
958 		return -EINVAL;
959 
960 	while (*p++)
961 		;
962 	if ((sscanf(p, "%u", &optimize) != 1) || (optimize > 1))
963 		return -EINVAL;
964 
965 	rcu_read_lock();
966 	pg = rcu_dereference(h->pg);
967 	if (!pg) {
968 		rcu_read_unlock();
969 		return -ENXIO;
970 	}
971 	spin_lock_irqsave(&pg->lock, flags);
972 	if (optimize)
973 		pg->flags |= ALUA_OPTIMIZE_STPG;
974 	else
975 		pg->flags &= ~ALUA_OPTIMIZE_STPG;
976 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pg->lock, flags);
977 	rcu_read_unlock();
978 
979 	return result;
980 }
981 
982 /*
983  * alua_activate - activate a path
984  * @sdev: device on the path to be activated
985  *
986  * We're currently switching the port group to be activated only and
987  * let the array figure out the rest.
988  * There may be other arrays which require us to switch all port groups
989  * based on a certain policy. But until we actually encounter them it
990  * should be okay.
991  */
992 static int alua_activate(struct scsi_device *sdev,
993 			activate_complete fn, void *data)
994 {
995 	struct alua_dh_data *h = sdev->handler_data;
996 	int err = SCSI_DH_OK;
997 	struct alua_queue_data *qdata;
998 	struct alua_port_group *pg;
999 
1000 	qdata = kzalloc(sizeof(*qdata), GFP_KERNEL);
1001 	if (!qdata) {
1002 		err = SCSI_DH_RES_TEMP_UNAVAIL;
1003 		goto out;
1004 	}
1005 	qdata->callback_fn = fn;
1006 	qdata->callback_data = data;
1007 
1008 	mutex_lock(&h->init_mutex);
1009 	rcu_read_lock();
1010 	pg = rcu_dereference(h->pg);
1011 	if (!pg || !kref_get_unless_zero(&pg->kref)) {
1012 		rcu_read_unlock();
1013 		kfree(qdata);
1014 		err = h->init_error;
1015 		mutex_unlock(&h->init_mutex);
1016 		goto out;
1017 	}
1018 	rcu_read_unlock();
1019 	mutex_unlock(&h->init_mutex);
1020 
1021 	if (alua_rtpg_queue(pg, sdev, qdata, true))
1022 		fn = NULL;
1023 	else
1024 		err = SCSI_DH_DEV_OFFLINED;
1025 	kref_put(&pg->kref, release_port_group);
1026 out:
1027 	if (fn)
1028 		fn(data, err);
1029 	return 0;
1030 }
1031 
1032 /*
1033  * alua_check - check path status
1034  * @sdev: device on the path to be checked
1035  *
1036  * Check the device status
1037  */
1038 static void alua_check(struct scsi_device *sdev, bool force)
1039 {
1040 	struct alua_dh_data *h = sdev->handler_data;
1041 	struct alua_port_group *pg;
1042 
1043 	rcu_read_lock();
1044 	pg = rcu_dereference(h->pg);
1045 	if (!pg || !kref_get_unless_zero(&pg->kref)) {
1046 		rcu_read_unlock();
1047 		return;
1048 	}
1049 	rcu_read_unlock();
1050 
1051 	alua_rtpg_queue(pg, sdev, NULL, force);
1052 	kref_put(&pg->kref, release_port_group);
1053 }
1054 
1055 /*
1056  * alua_prep_fn - request callback
1057  *
1058  * Fail I/O to all paths not in state
1059  * active/optimized or active/non-optimized.
1060  */
1061 static int alua_prep_fn(struct scsi_device *sdev, struct request *req)
1062 {
1063 	struct alua_dh_data *h = sdev->handler_data;
1064 	struct alua_port_group *pg;
1065 	unsigned char state = SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_OPTIMAL;
1066 	int ret = BLKPREP_OK;
1067 
1068 	rcu_read_lock();
1069 	pg = rcu_dereference(h->pg);
1070 	if (pg)
1071 		state = pg->state;
1072 	rcu_read_unlock();
1073 	if (state == SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_TRANSITIONING)
1074 		ret = BLKPREP_DEFER;
1075 	else if (state != SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_OPTIMAL &&
1076 		 state != SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_ACTIVE &&
1077 		 state != SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_LBA) {
1078 		ret = BLKPREP_KILL;
1079 		req->rq_flags |= RQF_QUIET;
1080 	}
1081 	return ret;
1082 
1083 }
1084 
1085 static void alua_rescan(struct scsi_device *sdev)
1086 {
1087 	struct alua_dh_data *h = sdev->handler_data;
1088 
1089 	alua_initialize(sdev, h);
1090 }
1091 
1092 /*
1093  * alua_bus_attach - Attach device handler
1094  * @sdev: device to be attached to
1095  */
1096 static int alua_bus_attach(struct scsi_device *sdev)
1097 {
1098 	struct alua_dh_data *h;
1099 	int err, ret = -EINVAL;
1100 
1101 	h = kzalloc(sizeof(*h) , GFP_KERNEL);
1102 	if (!h)
1103 		return -ENOMEM;
1104 	spin_lock_init(&h->pg_lock);
1105 	rcu_assign_pointer(h->pg, NULL);
1106 	h->init_error = SCSI_DH_OK;
1107 	h->sdev = sdev;
1108 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&h->node);
1109 
1110 	mutex_init(&h->init_mutex);
1111 	err = alua_initialize(sdev, h);
1112 	if (err == SCSI_DH_NOMEM)
1113 		ret = -ENOMEM;
1114 	if (err != SCSI_DH_OK && err != SCSI_DH_DEV_OFFLINED)
1115 		goto failed;
1116 
1117 	sdev->handler_data = h;
1118 	return 0;
1119 failed:
1120 	kfree(h);
1121 	return ret;
1122 }
1123 
1124 /*
1125  * alua_bus_detach - Detach device handler
1126  * @sdev: device to be detached from
1127  */
1128 static void alua_bus_detach(struct scsi_device *sdev)
1129 {
1130 	struct alua_dh_data *h = sdev->handler_data;
1131 	struct alua_port_group *pg;
1132 
1133 	spin_lock(&h->pg_lock);
1134 	pg = rcu_dereference_protected(h->pg, lockdep_is_held(&h->pg_lock));
1135 	rcu_assign_pointer(h->pg, NULL);
1136 	h->sdev = NULL;
1137 	spin_unlock(&h->pg_lock);
1138 	if (pg) {
1139 		spin_lock_irq(&pg->lock);
1140 		list_del_rcu(&h->node);
1141 		spin_unlock_irq(&pg->lock);
1142 		kref_put(&pg->kref, release_port_group);
1143 	}
1144 	sdev->handler_data = NULL;
1145 	kfree(h);
1146 }
1147 
1148 static struct scsi_device_handler alua_dh = {
1149 	.name = ALUA_DH_NAME,
1150 	.module = THIS_MODULE,
1151 	.attach = alua_bus_attach,
1152 	.detach = alua_bus_detach,
1153 	.prep_fn = alua_prep_fn,
1154 	.check_sense = alua_check_sense,
1155 	.activate = alua_activate,
1156 	.rescan = alua_rescan,
1157 	.set_params = alua_set_params,
1158 };
1159 
1160 static int __init alua_init(void)
1161 {
1162 	int r;
1163 
1164 	kaluad_wq = alloc_workqueue("kaluad", WQ_MEM_RECLAIM, 0);
1165 	if (!kaluad_wq) {
1166 		/* Temporary failure, bypass */
1167 		return SCSI_DH_DEV_TEMP_BUSY;
1168 	}
1169 	kaluad_sync_wq = create_workqueue("kaluad_sync");
1170 	if (!kaluad_sync_wq) {
1171 		destroy_workqueue(kaluad_wq);
1172 		return SCSI_DH_DEV_TEMP_BUSY;
1173 	}
1174 	r = scsi_register_device_handler(&alua_dh);
1175 	if (r != 0) {
1176 		printk(KERN_ERR "%s: Failed to register scsi device handler",
1177 			ALUA_DH_NAME);
1178 		destroy_workqueue(kaluad_sync_wq);
1179 		destroy_workqueue(kaluad_wq);
1180 	}
1181 	return r;
1182 }
1183 
1184 static void __exit alua_exit(void)
1185 {
1186 	scsi_unregister_device_handler(&alua_dh);
1187 	destroy_workqueue(kaluad_sync_wq);
1188 	destroy_workqueue(kaluad_wq);
1189 }
1190 
1191 module_init(alua_init);
1192 module_exit(alua_exit);
1193 
1194 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("DM Multipath ALUA support");
1195 MODULE_AUTHOR("Hannes Reinecke <hare@suse.de>");
1196 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
1197 MODULE_VERSION(ALUA_DH_VER);
1198