xref: /linux/drivers/of/fdt.c (revision bba2c3615bd6cfee7456d1130f2e6b01b3f4e9ba)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 /*
3  * Functions for working with the Flattened Device Tree data format
4  *
5  * Copyright 2009 Benjamin Herrenschmidt, IBM Corp
6  * benh@kernel.crashing.org
7  */
8 
9 #define pr_fmt(fmt)	"OF: fdt: " fmt
10 
11 #include <linux/crash_dump.h>
12 #include <linux/crc32.h>
13 #include <linux/kernel.h>
14 #include <linux/initrd.h>
15 #include <linux/memblock.h>
16 #include <linux/mutex.h>
17 #include <linux/of.h>
18 #include <linux/of_fdt.h>
19 #include <linux/sizes.h>
20 #include <linux/string.h>
21 #include <linux/errno.h>
22 #include <linux/slab.h>
23 #include <linux/libfdt.h>
24 #include <linux/debugfs.h>
25 #include <linux/serial_core.h>
26 #include <linux/sysfs.h>
27 #include <linux/random.h>
28 #include <linux/kexec_handover.h>
29 
30 #include <asm/setup.h>  /* for COMMAND_LINE_SIZE */
31 #include <asm/page.h>
32 
33 #include "of_private.h"
34 
35 /*
36  * __dtb_empty_root_begin[] and __dtb_empty_root_end[] magically created by
37  * cmd_wrap_S_dtb in scripts/Makefile.dtbs
38  */
39 extern uint8_t __dtb_empty_root_begin[];
40 extern uint8_t __dtb_empty_root_end[];
41 
42 /*
43  * of_fdt_limit_memory - limit the number of regions in the /memory node
44  * @limit: maximum entries
45  *
46  * Adjust the flattened device tree to have at most 'limit' number of
47  * memory entries in the /memory node. This function may be called
48  * any time after initial_boot_param is set.
49  */
50 void __init of_fdt_limit_memory(int limit)
51 {
52 	int memory;
53 	int len;
54 	const void *val;
55 	int cell_size = sizeof(uint32_t)*(dt_root_addr_cells + dt_root_size_cells);
56 
57 	memory = fdt_path_offset(initial_boot_params, "/memory");
58 	if (memory > 0) {
59 		val = fdt_getprop(initial_boot_params, memory, "reg", &len);
60 		if (len > limit*cell_size) {
61 			len = limit*cell_size;
62 			pr_debug("Limiting number of entries to %d\n", limit);
63 			fdt_setprop(initial_boot_params, memory, "reg", val,
64 					len);
65 		}
66 	}
67 }
68 
69 bool of_fdt_device_is_available(const void *blob, unsigned long node)
70 {
71 	const char *status = fdt_stringlist_get(blob, node, "status", 0, NULL);
72 
73 	if (!status)
74 		return true;
75 
76 	if (!strcmp(status, "ok") || !strcmp(status, "okay"))
77 		return true;
78 
79 	return false;
80 }
81 
82 static void *unflatten_dt_alloc(void **mem, unsigned long size,
83 				       unsigned long align)
84 {
85 	void *res;
86 
87 	*mem = PTR_ALIGN(*mem, align);
88 	res = *mem;
89 	*mem += size;
90 
91 	return res;
92 }
93 
94 static void populate_properties(const void *blob,
95 				int offset,
96 				void **mem,
97 				struct device_node *np,
98 				const char *nodename,
99 				bool dryrun)
100 {
101 	struct property *pp, **pprev = NULL;
102 	int cur;
103 	bool has_name = false;
104 
105 	pprev = &np->properties;
106 	for (cur = fdt_first_property_offset(blob, offset);
107 	     cur >= 0;
108 	     cur = fdt_next_property_offset(blob, cur)) {
109 		const __be32 *val;
110 		const char *pname;
111 		u32 sz;
112 
113 		val = fdt_getprop_by_offset(blob, cur, &pname, &sz);
114 		if (!val) {
115 			pr_warn("Cannot locate property at 0x%x\n", cur);
116 			continue;
117 		}
118 
119 		if (!pname) {
120 			pr_warn("Cannot find property name at 0x%x\n", cur);
121 			continue;
122 		}
123 
124 		if (!strcmp(pname, "name"))
125 			has_name = true;
126 
127 		pp = unflatten_dt_alloc(mem, sizeof(struct property),
128 					__alignof__(struct property));
129 		if (dryrun)
130 			continue;
131 
132 		/* We accept flattened tree phandles either in
133 		 * ePAPR-style "phandle" properties, or the
134 		 * legacy "linux,phandle" properties.  If both
135 		 * appear and have different values, things
136 		 * will get weird. Don't do that.
137 		 */
138 		if (!strcmp(pname, "phandle") ||
139 		    !strcmp(pname, "linux,phandle")) {
140 			if (!np->phandle)
141 				np->phandle = be32_to_cpup(val);
142 		}
143 
144 		/* And we process the "ibm,phandle" property
145 		 * used in pSeries dynamic device tree
146 		 * stuff
147 		 */
148 		if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PPC_PSERIES) && !strcmp(pname, "ibm,phandle"))
149 			np->phandle = be32_to_cpup(val);
150 
151 		pp->name   = (char *)pname;
152 		pp->length = sz;
153 		pp->value  = (__be32 *)val;
154 		*pprev     = pp;
155 		pprev      = &pp->next;
156 	}
157 
158 	/* With version 0x10 we may not have the name property,
159 	 * recreate it here from the unit name if absent
160 	 */
161 	if (!has_name) {
162 		const char *p = nodename, *ps = p, *pa = NULL;
163 		int len;
164 
165 		while (*p) {
166 			if ((*p) == '@')
167 				pa = p;
168 			else if ((*p) == '/')
169 				ps = p + 1;
170 			p++;
171 		}
172 
173 		if (pa < ps)
174 			pa = p;
175 		len = (pa - ps) + 1;
176 		pp = unflatten_dt_alloc(mem, sizeof(struct property) + len,
177 					__alignof__(struct property));
178 		if (!dryrun) {
179 			pp->name   = "name";
180 			pp->length = len;
181 			pp->value  = pp + 1;
182 			*pprev     = pp;
183 			memcpy(pp->value, ps, len - 1);
184 			((char *)pp->value)[len - 1] = 0;
185 			pr_debug("fixed up name for %s -> %s\n",
186 				 nodename, (char *)pp->value);
187 		}
188 	}
189 }
190 
191 static int populate_node(const void *blob,
192 			  int offset,
193 			  void **mem,
194 			  struct device_node *dad,
195 			  struct device_node **pnp,
196 			  bool dryrun)
197 {
198 	struct device_node *np;
199 	const char *pathp;
200 	int len;
201 
202 	pathp = fdt_get_name(blob, offset, &len);
203 	if (!pathp) {
204 		*pnp = NULL;
205 		return len;
206 	}
207 
208 	len++;
209 
210 	np = unflatten_dt_alloc(mem, sizeof(struct device_node) + len,
211 				__alignof__(struct device_node));
212 	if (!dryrun) {
213 		char *fn;
214 		of_node_init(np);
215 		np->full_name = fn = ((char *)np) + sizeof(*np);
216 
217 		memcpy(fn, pathp, len);
218 
219 		if (dad != NULL) {
220 			np->parent = dad;
221 			np->sibling = dad->child;
222 			dad->child = np;
223 		}
224 	}
225 
226 	populate_properties(blob, offset, mem, np, pathp, dryrun);
227 	if (!dryrun) {
228 		np->name = of_get_property(np, "name", NULL);
229 		if (!np->name)
230 			np->name = "<NULL>";
231 	}
232 
233 	*pnp = np;
234 	return 0;
235 }
236 
237 static void reverse_nodes(struct device_node *parent)
238 {
239 	struct device_node *child, *next;
240 
241 	/* In-depth first */
242 	child = parent->child;
243 	while (child) {
244 		reverse_nodes(child);
245 
246 		child = child->sibling;
247 	}
248 
249 	/* Reverse the nodes in the child list */
250 	child = parent->child;
251 	parent->child = NULL;
252 	while (child) {
253 		next = child->sibling;
254 
255 		child->sibling = parent->child;
256 		parent->child = child;
257 		child = next;
258 	}
259 }
260 
261 /**
262  * unflatten_dt_nodes - Alloc and populate a device_node from the flat tree
263  * @blob: The parent device tree blob
264  * @mem: Memory chunk to use for allocating device nodes and properties
265  * @dad: Parent struct device_node
266  * @nodepp: The device_node tree created by the call
267  *
268  * Return: The size of unflattened device tree or error code
269  */
270 static int unflatten_dt_nodes(const void *blob,
271 			      void *mem,
272 			      struct device_node *dad,
273 			      struct device_node **nodepp)
274 {
275 	struct device_node *root;
276 	int offset = 0, depth = 0, initial_depth = 0;
277 #define FDT_MAX_DEPTH	64
278 	struct device_node *nps[FDT_MAX_DEPTH];
279 	void *base = mem;
280 	bool dryrun = !base;
281 	int ret;
282 
283 	if (nodepp)
284 		*nodepp = NULL;
285 
286 	/*
287 	 * We're unflattening device sub-tree if @dad is valid. There are
288 	 * possibly multiple nodes in the first level of depth. We need
289 	 * set @depth to 1 to make fdt_next_node() happy as it bails
290 	 * immediately when negative @depth is found. Otherwise, the device
291 	 * nodes except the first one won't be unflattened successfully.
292 	 */
293 	if (dad)
294 		depth = initial_depth = 1;
295 
296 	root = dad;
297 	nps[depth] = dad;
298 
299 	for (offset = 0;
300 	     offset >= 0 && depth >= initial_depth;
301 	     offset = fdt_next_node(blob, offset, &depth)) {
302 		if (WARN_ON_ONCE(depth >= FDT_MAX_DEPTH - 1))
303 			continue;
304 
305 		if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_OF_KOBJ) &&
306 		    !of_fdt_device_is_available(blob, offset))
307 			continue;
308 
309 		ret = populate_node(blob, offset, &mem, nps[depth],
310 				   &nps[depth+1], dryrun);
311 		if (ret < 0)
312 			return ret;
313 
314 		if (!dryrun && nodepp && !*nodepp)
315 			*nodepp = nps[depth+1];
316 		if (!dryrun && !root)
317 			root = nps[depth+1];
318 	}
319 
320 	if (offset < 0 && offset != -FDT_ERR_NOTFOUND) {
321 		pr_err("Error %d processing FDT\n", offset);
322 		return -EINVAL;
323 	}
324 
325 	/*
326 	 * Reverse the child list. Some drivers assumes node order matches .dts
327 	 * node order
328 	 */
329 	if (!dryrun)
330 		reverse_nodes(root);
331 
332 	return mem - base;
333 }
334 
335 /**
336  * __unflatten_device_tree - create tree of device_nodes from flat blob
337  * @blob: The blob to expand
338  * @dad: Parent device node
339  * @mynodes: The device_node tree created by the call
340  * @dt_alloc: An allocator that provides a virtual address to memory
341  * for the resulting tree
342  * @detached: if true set OF_DETACHED on @mynodes
343  *
344  * unflattens a device-tree, creating the tree of struct device_node. It also
345  * fills the "name" and "type" pointers of the nodes so the normal device-tree
346  * walking functions can be used.
347  *
348  * Return: NULL on failure or the memory chunk containing the unflattened
349  * device tree on success.
350  */
351 void *__unflatten_device_tree(const void *blob,
352 			      struct device_node *dad,
353 			      struct device_node **mynodes,
354 			      void *(*dt_alloc)(u64 size, u64 align),
355 			      bool detached)
356 {
357 	int size;
358 	void *mem;
359 	int ret;
360 
361 	if (mynodes)
362 		*mynodes = NULL;
363 
364 	pr_debug(" -> unflatten_device_tree()\n");
365 
366 	if (!blob) {
367 		pr_debug("No device tree pointer\n");
368 		return NULL;
369 	}
370 
371 	pr_debug("Unflattening device tree:\n");
372 	pr_debug("magic: %08x\n", fdt_magic(blob));
373 	pr_debug("size: %08x\n", fdt_totalsize(blob));
374 	pr_debug("version: %08x\n", fdt_version(blob));
375 
376 	if (fdt_check_header(blob)) {
377 		pr_err("Invalid device tree blob header\n");
378 		return NULL;
379 	}
380 
381 	/* First pass, scan for size */
382 	size = unflatten_dt_nodes(blob, NULL, dad, NULL);
383 	if (size <= 0)
384 		return NULL;
385 
386 	size = ALIGN(size, 4);
387 	pr_debug("  size is %d, allocating...\n", size);
388 
389 	/* Allocate memory for the expanded device tree */
390 	mem = dt_alloc(size + 4, __alignof__(struct device_node));
391 	if (!mem)
392 		return NULL;
393 
394 	*(__be32 *)(mem + size) = cpu_to_be32(0xdeadbeef);
395 
396 	pr_debug("  unflattening %p...\n", mem);
397 
398 	/* Second pass, do actual unflattening */
399 	ret = unflatten_dt_nodes(blob, mem, dad, mynodes);
400 
401 	if (be32_to_cpup(mem + size) != 0xdeadbeef)
402 		pr_warn("End of tree marker overwritten: %08x\n",
403 			be32_to_cpup(mem + size));
404 
405 	if (ret <= 0)
406 		return NULL;
407 
408 	if (detached && mynodes && *mynodes) {
409 		of_node_set_flag(*mynodes, OF_DETACHED);
410 		pr_debug("unflattened tree is detached\n");
411 	}
412 
413 	pr_debug(" <- unflatten_device_tree()\n");
414 	return mem;
415 }
416 
417 static void *kernel_tree_alloc(u64 size, u64 align)
418 {
419 	return kzalloc(size, GFP_KERNEL);
420 }
421 
422 static DEFINE_MUTEX(of_fdt_unflatten_mutex);
423 
424 /**
425  * of_fdt_unflatten_tree - create tree of device_nodes from flat blob
426  * @blob: Flat device tree blob
427  * @dad: Parent device node
428  * @mynodes: The device tree created by the call
429  *
430  * unflattens the device-tree passed by the firmware, creating the
431  * tree of struct device_node. It also fills the "name" and "type"
432  * pointers of the nodes so the normal device-tree walking functions
433  * can be used.
434  *
435  * Return: NULL on failure or the memory chunk containing the unflattened
436  * device tree on success.
437  */
438 void *of_fdt_unflatten_tree(const unsigned long *blob,
439 			    struct device_node *dad,
440 			    struct device_node **mynodes)
441 {
442 	void *mem;
443 
444 	mutex_lock(&of_fdt_unflatten_mutex);
445 	mem = __unflatten_device_tree(blob, dad, mynodes, &kernel_tree_alloc,
446 				      true);
447 	mutex_unlock(&of_fdt_unflatten_mutex);
448 
449 	return mem;
450 }
451 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(of_fdt_unflatten_tree);
452 
453 /* Everything below here references initial_boot_params directly. */
454 int __initdata dt_root_addr_cells;
455 int __initdata dt_root_size_cells;
456 
457 void *initial_boot_params __ro_after_init;
458 phys_addr_t initial_boot_params_pa __ro_after_init;
459 
460 #ifdef CONFIG_OF_EARLY_FLATTREE
461 
462 static u32 of_fdt_crc32;
463 
464 /*
465  * fdt_reserve_elfcorehdr() - reserves memory for elf core header
466  *
467  * This function reserves the memory occupied by an elf core header
468  * described in the device tree. This region contains all the
469  * information about primary kernel's core image and is used by a dump
470  * capture kernel to access the system memory on primary kernel.
471  */
472 static void __init fdt_reserve_elfcorehdr(void)
473 {
474 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP) || !elfcorehdr_size)
475 		return;
476 
477 	if (memblock_is_region_reserved(elfcorehdr_addr, elfcorehdr_size)) {
478 		pr_warn("elfcorehdr is overlapped\n");
479 		return;
480 	}
481 
482 	memblock_reserve(elfcorehdr_addr, elfcorehdr_size);
483 
484 	pr_info("Reserving %llu KiB of memory at 0x%llx for elfcorehdr\n",
485 		elfcorehdr_size >> 10, elfcorehdr_addr);
486 }
487 
488 /**
489  * early_init_fdt_scan_reserved_mem() - create reserved memory regions
490  *
491  * This function grabs memory from early allocator for device exclusive use
492  * defined in device tree structures. It should be called by arch specific code
493  * once the early allocator (i.e. memblock) has been fully activated.
494  */
495 void __init early_init_fdt_scan_reserved_mem(void)
496 {
497 	int n;
498 	int res;
499 	u64 base, size;
500 
501 	if (!initial_boot_params)
502 		return;
503 
504 	fdt_reserve_elfcorehdr();
505 	fdt_scan_reserved_mem();
506 
507 	/* Process header /memreserve/ fields */
508 	for (n = 0; ; n++) {
509 		res = fdt_get_mem_rsv(initial_boot_params, n, &base, &size);
510 		if (res) {
511 			pr_err("Invalid memory reservation block index %d\n", n);
512 			break;
513 		}
514 		if (!size)
515 			break;
516 		memblock_reserve(base, size);
517 	}
518 }
519 
520 /**
521  * early_init_fdt_reserve_self() - reserve the memory used by the FDT blob
522  */
523 void __init early_init_fdt_reserve_self(void)
524 {
525 	if (!initial_boot_params)
526 		return;
527 
528 	/* Reserve the dtb region */
529 	memblock_reserve(__pa(initial_boot_params),
530 			 fdt_totalsize(initial_boot_params));
531 }
532 
533 /**
534  * of_scan_flat_dt - scan flattened tree blob and call callback on each.
535  * @it: callback function
536  * @data: context data pointer
537  *
538  * This function is used to scan the flattened device-tree, it is
539  * used to extract the memory information at boot before we can
540  * unflatten the tree
541  */
542 int __init of_scan_flat_dt(int (*it)(unsigned long node,
543 				     const char *uname, int depth,
544 				     void *data),
545 			   void *data)
546 {
547 	const void *blob = initial_boot_params;
548 	const char *pathp;
549 	int offset, rc = 0, depth = -1;
550 
551 	if (!blob)
552 		return 0;
553 
554 	for (offset = fdt_next_node(blob, -1, &depth);
555 	     offset >= 0 && depth >= 0 && !rc;
556 	     offset = fdt_next_node(blob, offset, &depth)) {
557 
558 		pathp = fdt_get_name(blob, offset, NULL);
559 		rc = it(offset, pathp, depth, data);
560 	}
561 	return rc;
562 }
563 
564 /**
565  * of_scan_flat_dt_subnodes - scan sub-nodes of a node call callback on each.
566  * @parent: parent node
567  * @it: callback function
568  * @data: context data pointer
569  *
570  * This function is used to scan sub-nodes of a node.
571  */
572 int __init of_scan_flat_dt_subnodes(unsigned long parent,
573 				    int (*it)(unsigned long node,
574 					      const char *uname,
575 					      void *data),
576 				    void *data)
577 {
578 	const void *blob = initial_boot_params;
579 	int node;
580 
581 	fdt_for_each_subnode(node, blob, parent) {
582 		const char *pathp;
583 		int rc;
584 
585 		pathp = fdt_get_name(blob, node, NULL);
586 		rc = it(node, pathp, data);
587 		if (rc)
588 			return rc;
589 	}
590 	return 0;
591 }
592 
593 /**
594  * of_get_flat_dt_subnode_by_name - get the subnode by given name
595  *
596  * @node: the parent node
597  * @uname: the name of subnode
598  * @return offset of the subnode, or -FDT_ERR_NOTFOUND if there is none
599  */
600 
601 int __init of_get_flat_dt_subnode_by_name(unsigned long node, const char *uname)
602 {
603 	return fdt_subnode_offset(initial_boot_params, node, uname);
604 }
605 
606 /*
607  * of_get_flat_dt_root - find the root node in the flat blob
608  */
609 unsigned long __init of_get_flat_dt_root(void)
610 {
611 	return 0;
612 }
613 
614 /*
615  * of_get_flat_dt_prop - Given a node in the flat blob, return the property ptr
616  *
617  * This function can be used within scan_flattened_dt callback to get
618  * access to properties
619  */
620 const void *__init of_get_flat_dt_prop(unsigned long node, const char *name,
621 				       int *size)
622 {
623 	return fdt_getprop(initial_boot_params, node, name, size);
624 }
625 
626 const __be32 *__init of_flat_dt_get_addr_size_prop(unsigned long node,
627 						   const char *name,
628 						   int *entries)
629 {
630 	const __be32 *prop;
631 	int len, elen = (dt_root_addr_cells + dt_root_size_cells) * sizeof(__be32);
632 
633 	prop = of_get_flat_dt_prop(node, name, &len);
634 	if (!prop || len % elen) {
635 		*entries = 0;
636 		return NULL;
637 	}
638 
639 	*entries = len / elen;
640 	return prop;
641 }
642 
643 bool __init of_flat_dt_get_addr_size(unsigned long node, const char *name,
644 				     u64 *addr, u64 *size)
645 {
646 	const __be32 *prop;
647 	int entries;
648 
649 	prop = of_flat_dt_get_addr_size_prop(node, name, &entries);
650 	if (!prop || entries != 1)
651 		return false;
652 
653 	of_flat_dt_read_addr_size(prop, 0, addr, size);
654 	return true;
655 }
656 
657 void __init of_flat_dt_read_addr_size(const __be32 *prop, int entry_index,
658 				      u64 *addr, u64 *size)
659 {
660 	int entry_cells = dt_root_addr_cells + dt_root_size_cells;
661 	prop += entry_cells * entry_index;
662 
663 	*addr = dt_mem_next_cell(dt_root_addr_cells, &prop);
664 	*size = dt_mem_next_cell(dt_root_size_cells, &prop);
665 }
666 
667 /**
668  * of_fdt_is_compatible - Return true if given node from the given blob has
669  * compat in its compatible list
670  * @blob: A device tree blob
671  * @node: node to test
672  * @compat: compatible string to compare with compatible list.
673  *
674  * Return: a non-zero value on match with smaller values returned for more
675  * specific compatible values.
676  */
677 static int of_fdt_is_compatible(const void *blob,
678 			      unsigned long node, const char *compat)
679 {
680 	const char *cp;
681 	int idx = 0, score = 0;
682 
683 	while ((cp = fdt_stringlist_get(blob, node, "compatible", idx++, NULL))) {
684 		score++;
685 		if (of_compat_cmp(cp, compat, strlen(compat)) == 0)
686 			return score;
687 	}
688 
689 	return 0;
690 }
691 
692 /**
693  * of_flat_dt_is_compatible - Return true if given node has compat in compatible list
694  * @node: node to test
695  * @compat: compatible string to compare with compatible list.
696  */
697 int __init of_flat_dt_is_compatible(unsigned long node, const char *compat)
698 {
699 	return of_fdt_is_compatible(initial_boot_params, node, compat);
700 }
701 
702 /*
703  * of_flat_dt_match - Return true if node matches a list of compatible values
704  */
705 static int __init of_flat_dt_match(unsigned long node, const char *const *compat)
706 {
707 	unsigned int tmp, score = 0;
708 
709 	if (!compat)
710 		return 0;
711 
712 	while (*compat) {
713 		tmp = of_fdt_is_compatible(initial_boot_params, node, *compat);
714 		if (tmp && (score == 0 || (tmp < score)))
715 			score = tmp;
716 		compat++;
717 	}
718 
719 	return score;
720 }
721 
722 /*
723  * of_get_flat_dt_phandle - Given a node in the flat blob, return the phandle
724  */
725 uint32_t __init of_get_flat_dt_phandle(unsigned long node)
726 {
727 	return fdt_get_phandle(initial_boot_params, node);
728 }
729 
730 const char * __init of_flat_dt_get_machine_name(void)
731 {
732 	const char *name;
733 	unsigned long dt_root = of_get_flat_dt_root();
734 
735 	name = fdt_stringlist_get(initial_boot_params, dt_root, "model", 0, NULL);
736 	if (!name)
737 		name = fdt_stringlist_get(initial_boot_params, dt_root,
738 					  "compatible", 0, NULL);
739 	return name;
740 }
741 
742 /**
743  * of_flat_dt_match_machine - Iterate match tables to find matching machine.
744  *
745  * @default_match: A machine specific ptr to return in case of no match.
746  * @get_next_compat: callback function to return next compatible match table.
747  *
748  * Iterate through machine match tables to find the best match for the machine
749  * compatible string in the FDT.
750  */
751 const void * __init of_flat_dt_match_machine(const void *default_match,
752 		const void * (*get_next_compat)(const char * const**))
753 {
754 	const void *data = NULL;
755 	const void *best_data = default_match;
756 	const char *const *compat;
757 	unsigned long dt_root;
758 	unsigned int best_score = ~1, score = 0;
759 
760 	dt_root = of_get_flat_dt_root();
761 	while ((data = get_next_compat(&compat))) {
762 		score = of_flat_dt_match(dt_root, compat);
763 		if (score > 0 && score < best_score) {
764 			best_data = data;
765 			best_score = score;
766 		}
767 	}
768 	if (!best_data) {
769 		const char *prop;
770 		int idx = 0, size;
771 
772 		pr_err("\n unrecognized device tree list:\n[ ");
773 
774 		while ((prop = fdt_stringlist_get(initial_boot_params, dt_root,
775 						  "compatible", idx++, &size)))
776 			pr_err("'%s' ", prop);
777 		pr_err("]\n\n");
778 		return NULL;
779 	}
780 
781 	pr_info("Machine model: %s\n", of_flat_dt_get_machine_name());
782 
783 	return best_data;
784 }
785 
786 static void __early_init_dt_declare_initrd(unsigned long start,
787 					   unsigned long end)
788 {
789 	/*
790 	 * __va() is not yet available this early on some platforms. In that
791 	 * case, the platform uses phys_initrd_start/phys_initrd_size instead
792 	 * and does the VA conversion itself.
793 	 */
794 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ARM64) &&
795 	    !(IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RISCV) && IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_64BIT))) {
796 		initrd_start = (unsigned long)__va(start);
797 		initrd_end = (unsigned long)__va(end);
798 		initrd_below_start_ok = 1;
799 	}
800 }
801 
802 /**
803  * early_init_dt_check_for_initrd - Decode initrd location from flat tree
804  * @node: reference to node containing initrd location ('chosen')
805  */
806 static void __init early_init_dt_check_for_initrd(unsigned long node)
807 {
808 	u64 start, end;
809 	int len;
810 	const __be32 *prop;
811 
812 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD))
813 		return;
814 
815 	pr_debug("Looking for initrd properties... ");
816 
817 	prop = of_get_flat_dt_prop(node, "linux,initrd-start", &len);
818 	if (!prop)
819 		return;
820 	start = of_read_number(prop, len/4);
821 
822 	prop = of_get_flat_dt_prop(node, "linux,initrd-end", &len);
823 	if (!prop)
824 		return;
825 	end = of_read_number(prop, len/4);
826 	if (start > end)
827 		return;
828 
829 	__early_init_dt_declare_initrd(start, end);
830 	phys_initrd_start = start;
831 	phys_initrd_size = end - start;
832 
833 	pr_debug("initrd_start=0x%llx  initrd_end=0x%llx\n", start, end);
834 }
835 
836 /**
837  * early_init_dt_check_for_elfcorehdr - Decode elfcorehdr location from flat
838  * tree
839  * @node: reference to node containing elfcorehdr location ('chosen')
840  */
841 static void __init early_init_dt_check_for_elfcorehdr(unsigned long node)
842 {
843 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP))
844 		return;
845 
846 	pr_debug("Looking for elfcorehdr property... ");
847 
848 	if (!of_flat_dt_get_addr_size(node, "linux,elfcorehdr",
849 				      &elfcorehdr_addr, &elfcorehdr_size))
850 		return;
851 
852 	pr_debug("elfcorehdr_start=0x%llx elfcorehdr_size=0x%llx\n",
853 		 elfcorehdr_addr, elfcorehdr_size);
854 }
855 
856 static void __init early_init_dt_check_for_dmcryptkeys(unsigned long node)
857 {
858 	const char *prop_name = "linux,dmcryptkeys";
859 	const __be32 *prop;
860 
861 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_CRASH_DM_CRYPT))
862 		return;
863 
864 	pr_debug("Looking for dmcryptkeys property... ");
865 
866 	prop = of_get_flat_dt_prop(node, prop_name, NULL);
867 	if (!prop)
868 		return;
869 
870 	dm_crypt_keys_addr = dt_mem_next_cell(dt_root_addr_cells, &prop);
871 
872 	/* Property only accessible to crash dump kernel */
873 	fdt_delprop(initial_boot_params, node, prop_name);
874 }
875 
876 static unsigned long chosen_node_offset = -FDT_ERR_NOTFOUND;
877 
878 /*
879  * The main usage of linux,usable-memory-range is for crash dump kernel.
880  * Originally, the number of usable-memory regions is one. Now there may
881  * be two regions, low region and high region.
882  * To make compatibility with existing user-space and older kdump, the low
883  * region is always the last range of linux,usable-memory-range if exist.
884  */
885 #define MAX_USABLE_RANGES		2
886 
887 /**
888  * early_init_dt_check_for_usable_mem_range - Decode usable memory range
889  * location from flat tree
890  */
891 void __init early_init_dt_check_for_usable_mem_range(void)
892 {
893 	struct memblock_region rgn[MAX_USABLE_RANGES] = {0};
894 	const __be32 *prop;
895 	int len, i;
896 	u64 base, size;
897 	unsigned long node = chosen_node_offset;
898 
899 	if ((long)node < 0)
900 		return;
901 
902 	pr_debug("Looking for usable-memory-range property... ");
903 
904 	prop = of_flat_dt_get_addr_size_prop(node, "linux,usable-memory-range",
905 					     &len);
906 	if (!prop)
907 		return;
908 
909 	len = min(len, MAX_USABLE_RANGES);
910 
911 	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
912 		of_flat_dt_read_addr_size(prop, i, &base, &size);
913 		rgn[i].base = base;
914 		rgn[i].size = size;
915 
916 		pr_debug("cap_mem_regions[%d]: base=%pa, size=%pa\n",
917 			 i, &rgn[i].base, &rgn[i].size);
918 	}
919 
920 	memblock_cap_memory_range(rgn[0].base, rgn[0].size);
921 	for (i = 1; i < MAX_USABLE_RANGES && rgn[i].size; i++)
922 		memblock_add(rgn[i].base, rgn[i].size);
923 }
924 
925 /**
926  * early_init_dt_check_kho - Decode info required for kexec handover from DT
927  */
928 static void __init early_init_dt_check_kho(void)
929 {
930 	unsigned long node = chosen_node_offset;
931 	u64 fdt_start, fdt_size, scratch_start, scratch_size;
932 
933 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KEXEC_HANDOVER) || (long)node < 0)
934 		return;
935 
936 	if (!of_flat_dt_get_addr_size(node, "linux,kho-fdt",
937 				      &fdt_start, &fdt_size))
938 		return;
939 
940 	if (!of_flat_dt_get_addr_size(node, "linux,kho-scratch",
941 				      &scratch_start, &scratch_size))
942 		return;
943 
944 	kho_populate(fdt_start, fdt_size, scratch_start, scratch_size);
945 }
946 
947 #ifdef CONFIG_SERIAL_EARLYCON
948 
949 int __init early_init_dt_scan_chosen_stdout(void)
950 {
951 	int offset;
952 	const char *p, *q, *options = NULL;
953 	int l;
954 	const struct earlycon_id *match;
955 	const void *fdt = initial_boot_params;
956 	int ret;
957 
958 	offset = fdt_path_offset(fdt, "/chosen");
959 	if (offset < 0)
960 		offset = fdt_path_offset(fdt, "/chosen@0");
961 	if (offset < 0)
962 		return -ENOENT;
963 
964 	p = fdt_stringlist_get(fdt, offset, "stdout-path", 0, &l);
965 	if (!p)
966 		p = fdt_stringlist_get(fdt, offset, "linux,stdout-path", 0, &l);
967 	if (!p || !l)
968 		return -ENOENT;
969 
970 	q = strchrnul(p, ':');
971 	if (*q != '\0')
972 		options = q + 1;
973 	l = q - p;
974 
975 	/* Get the node specified by stdout-path */
976 	offset = fdt_path_offset_namelen(fdt, p, l);
977 	if (offset < 0) {
978 		pr_warn("earlycon: stdout-path %.*s not found\n", l, p);
979 		return 0;
980 	}
981 
982 	for (match = __earlycon_table; match < __earlycon_table_end; match++) {
983 		if (!match->compatible[0])
984 			continue;
985 
986 		if (fdt_node_check_compatible(fdt, offset, match->compatible))
987 			continue;
988 
989 		ret = of_setup_earlycon(match, offset, options);
990 		if (!ret || ret == -EALREADY)
991 			return 0;
992 	}
993 	return -ENODEV;
994 }
995 #endif
996 
997 /*
998  * early_init_dt_scan_root - fetch the top level address and size cells
999  */
1000 int __init early_init_dt_scan_root(void)
1001 {
1002 	const __be32 *prop;
1003 	const void *fdt = initial_boot_params;
1004 	int node = fdt_path_offset(fdt, "/");
1005 
1006 	if (node < 0)
1007 		return -ENODEV;
1008 
1009 	dt_root_size_cells = OF_ROOT_NODE_SIZE_CELLS_DEFAULT;
1010 	dt_root_addr_cells = OF_ROOT_NODE_ADDR_CELLS_DEFAULT;
1011 
1012 	prop = of_get_flat_dt_prop(node, "#size-cells", NULL);
1013 	if (!WARN(!prop, "No '#size-cells' in root node\n"))
1014 		dt_root_size_cells = be32_to_cpup(prop);
1015 	pr_debug("dt_root_size_cells = %x\n", dt_root_size_cells);
1016 
1017 	prop = of_get_flat_dt_prop(node, "#address-cells", NULL);
1018 	if (!WARN(!prop, "No '#address-cells' in root node\n"))
1019 		dt_root_addr_cells = be32_to_cpup(prop);
1020 	pr_debug("dt_root_addr_cells = %x\n", dt_root_addr_cells);
1021 
1022 	return 0;
1023 }
1024 
1025 u64 __init dt_mem_next_cell(int s, const __be32 **cellp)
1026 {
1027 	const __be32 *p = *cellp;
1028 
1029 	*cellp = p + s;
1030 	return of_read_number(p, s);
1031 }
1032 
1033 /*
1034  * early_init_dt_scan_memory - Look for and parse memory nodes
1035  */
1036 int __init early_init_dt_scan_memory(void)
1037 {
1038 	int node, found_memory = 0;
1039 	const void *fdt = initial_boot_params;
1040 
1041 	fdt_for_each_subnode(node, fdt, 0) {
1042 		const char *type = fdt_stringlist_get(fdt, node,
1043 						      "device_type", 0, NULL);
1044 		const __be32 *reg;
1045 		int i, l;
1046 		bool hotpluggable;
1047 
1048 		/* We are scanning "memory" nodes only */
1049 		if (type == NULL || strcmp(type, "memory") != 0)
1050 			continue;
1051 
1052 		if (!of_fdt_device_is_available(fdt, node))
1053 			continue;
1054 
1055 		reg = of_flat_dt_get_addr_size_prop(node, "linux,usable-memory", &l);
1056 		if (reg == NULL)
1057 			reg = of_flat_dt_get_addr_size_prop(node, "reg", &l);
1058 		if (reg == NULL)
1059 			continue;
1060 
1061 		hotpluggable = of_get_flat_dt_prop(node, "hotpluggable", NULL);
1062 
1063 		pr_debug("memory scan node %s, reg {addr,size} entries %d,\n",
1064 			 fdt_get_name(fdt, node, NULL), l);
1065 
1066 		for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
1067 			u64 base, size;
1068 
1069 			of_flat_dt_read_addr_size(reg, i, &base, &size);
1070 
1071 			if (size == 0)
1072 				continue;
1073 			pr_debug(" - %llx, %llx\n", base, size);
1074 
1075 			early_init_dt_add_memory_arch(base, size);
1076 
1077 			found_memory = 1;
1078 
1079 			if (!hotpluggable)
1080 				continue;
1081 
1082 			if (memblock_mark_hotplug(base, size))
1083 				pr_warn("failed to mark hotplug range 0x%llx - 0x%llx\n",
1084 					base, base + size);
1085 		}
1086 	}
1087 	return found_memory;
1088 }
1089 
1090 int __init early_init_dt_scan_chosen(char *cmdline)
1091 {
1092 	int l, node;
1093 	const char *p;
1094 	const void *rng_seed;
1095 	const void *fdt = initial_boot_params;
1096 
1097 	node = fdt_path_offset(fdt, "/chosen");
1098 	if (node < 0)
1099 		node = fdt_path_offset(fdt, "/chosen@0");
1100 	if (node < 0)
1101 		/* Handle the cmdline config options even if no /chosen node */
1102 		goto handle_cmdline;
1103 
1104 	chosen_node_offset = node;
1105 
1106 	early_init_dt_check_for_initrd(node);
1107 	early_init_dt_check_for_elfcorehdr(node);
1108 	early_init_dt_check_for_dmcryptkeys(node);
1109 
1110 	rng_seed = of_get_flat_dt_prop(node, "rng-seed", &l);
1111 	if (rng_seed && l > 0) {
1112 		add_bootloader_randomness(rng_seed, l);
1113 
1114 		/* try to clear seed so it won't be found. */
1115 		fdt_nop_property(initial_boot_params, node, "rng-seed");
1116 
1117 		/* update CRC check value */
1118 		of_fdt_crc32 = crc32_be(~0, initial_boot_params,
1119 				fdt_totalsize(initial_boot_params));
1120 	}
1121 
1122 	/* Retrieve command line */
1123 	p = of_get_flat_dt_prop(node, "bootargs", &l);
1124 	if (p != NULL && l > 0)
1125 		strscpy(cmdline, p, min(l, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE));
1126 
1127 handle_cmdline:
1128 	/*
1129 	 * CONFIG_CMDLINE is meant to be a default in case nothing else
1130 	 * managed to set the command line, unless CONFIG_CMDLINE_FORCE
1131 	 * is set in which case we override whatever was found earlier.
1132 	 */
1133 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE
1134 #if defined(CONFIG_CMDLINE_EXTEND)
1135 	strlcat(cmdline, " ", COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
1136 	strlcat(cmdline, CONFIG_CMDLINE, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
1137 #elif defined(CONFIG_CMDLINE_FORCE)
1138 	strscpy(cmdline, CONFIG_CMDLINE, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
1139 #else
1140 	/* No arguments from boot loader, use kernel's  cmdl*/
1141 	if (!((char *)cmdline)[0])
1142 		strscpy(cmdline, CONFIG_CMDLINE, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
1143 #endif
1144 #endif /* CONFIG_CMDLINE */
1145 
1146 	pr_debug("Command line is: %s\n", (char *)cmdline);
1147 
1148 	return 0;
1149 }
1150 
1151 #ifndef MIN_MEMBLOCK_ADDR
1152 #define MIN_MEMBLOCK_ADDR	__pa(PAGE_OFFSET)
1153 #endif
1154 #ifndef MAX_MEMBLOCK_ADDR
1155 #define MAX_MEMBLOCK_ADDR	((phys_addr_t)~0)
1156 #endif
1157 
1158 void __init __weak early_init_dt_add_memory_arch(u64 base, u64 size)
1159 {
1160 	const u64 phys_offset = MIN_MEMBLOCK_ADDR;
1161 
1162 	if (size < PAGE_SIZE - (base & ~PAGE_MASK)) {
1163 		pr_warn("Ignoring memory block 0x%llx - 0x%llx\n",
1164 			base, base + size);
1165 		return;
1166 	}
1167 
1168 	if (!PAGE_ALIGNED(base)) {
1169 		size -= PAGE_SIZE - (base & ~PAGE_MASK);
1170 		base = PAGE_ALIGN(base);
1171 	}
1172 	size &= PAGE_MASK;
1173 
1174 	if (base > MAX_MEMBLOCK_ADDR) {
1175 		pr_warn("Ignoring memory block 0x%llx - 0x%llx\n",
1176 			base, base + size);
1177 		return;
1178 	}
1179 
1180 	if (base + size - 1 > MAX_MEMBLOCK_ADDR) {
1181 		pr_warn("Ignoring memory range 0x%llx - 0x%llx\n",
1182 			((u64)MAX_MEMBLOCK_ADDR) + 1, base + size);
1183 		size = MAX_MEMBLOCK_ADDR - base + 1;
1184 	}
1185 
1186 	if (base + size < phys_offset) {
1187 		pr_warn("Ignoring memory block 0x%llx - 0x%llx\n",
1188 			base, base + size);
1189 		return;
1190 	}
1191 	if (base < phys_offset) {
1192 		pr_warn("Ignoring memory range 0x%llx - 0x%llx\n",
1193 			base, phys_offset);
1194 		size -= phys_offset - base;
1195 		base = phys_offset;
1196 	}
1197 	memblock_add(base, size);
1198 }
1199 
1200 static void * __init early_init_dt_alloc_memory_arch(u64 size, u64 align)
1201 {
1202 	return memblock_alloc_or_panic(size, align);
1203 }
1204 
1205 bool __init early_init_dt_verify(void *dt_virt, phys_addr_t dt_phys)
1206 {
1207 	if (!dt_virt)
1208 		return false;
1209 
1210 	/* check device tree validity */
1211 	if (fdt_check_header(dt_virt))
1212 		return false;
1213 
1214 	/* Setup flat device-tree pointer */
1215 	initial_boot_params = dt_virt;
1216 	initial_boot_params_pa = dt_phys;
1217 	of_fdt_crc32 = crc32_be(~0, initial_boot_params,
1218 				fdt_totalsize(initial_boot_params));
1219 
1220 	/* Initialize {size,address}-cells info */
1221 	early_init_dt_scan_root();
1222 
1223 	return true;
1224 }
1225 
1226 
1227 void __init early_init_dt_scan_nodes(void)
1228 {
1229 	int rc;
1230 
1231 	/* Retrieve various information from the /chosen node */
1232 	rc = early_init_dt_scan_chosen(boot_command_line);
1233 	if (rc)
1234 		pr_warn("No chosen node found, continuing without\n");
1235 
1236 	/* Setup memory, calling early_init_dt_add_memory_arch */
1237 	early_init_dt_scan_memory();
1238 
1239 	/* Handle linux,usable-memory-range property */
1240 	early_init_dt_check_for_usable_mem_range();
1241 
1242 	/* Handle kexec handover */
1243 	early_init_dt_check_kho();
1244 }
1245 
1246 bool __init early_init_dt_scan(void *dt_virt, phys_addr_t dt_phys)
1247 {
1248 	bool status;
1249 
1250 	status = early_init_dt_verify(dt_virt, dt_phys);
1251 	if (!status)
1252 		return false;
1253 
1254 	early_init_dt_scan_nodes();
1255 	return true;
1256 }
1257 
1258 static void *__init copy_device_tree(void *fdt)
1259 {
1260 	int size;
1261 	void *dt;
1262 
1263 	size = fdt_totalsize(fdt);
1264 	dt = early_init_dt_alloc_memory_arch(size,
1265 					     roundup_pow_of_two(FDT_V17_SIZE));
1266 
1267 	if (dt)
1268 		memcpy(dt, fdt, size);
1269 
1270 	return dt;
1271 }
1272 
1273 /**
1274  * unflatten_device_tree - create tree of device_nodes from flat blob
1275  *
1276  * unflattens the device-tree passed by the firmware, creating the
1277  * tree of struct device_node. It also fills the "name" and "type"
1278  * pointers of the nodes so the normal device-tree walking functions
1279  * can be used.
1280  */
1281 void __init unflatten_device_tree(void)
1282 {
1283 	void *fdt = initial_boot_params;
1284 
1285 	/* Save the statically-placed regions in the reserved_mem array */
1286 	fdt_scan_reserved_mem_late();
1287 
1288 	/* Populate an empty root node when bootloader doesn't provide one */
1289 	if (!fdt) {
1290 		fdt = (void *) __dtb_empty_root_begin;
1291 		/* fdt_totalsize() will be used for copy size */
1292 		if (fdt_totalsize(fdt) >
1293 		    __dtb_empty_root_end - __dtb_empty_root_begin) {
1294 			pr_err("invalid size in dtb_empty_root\n");
1295 			return;
1296 		}
1297 		of_fdt_crc32 = crc32_be(~0, fdt, fdt_totalsize(fdt));
1298 		fdt = copy_device_tree(fdt);
1299 	}
1300 
1301 	__unflatten_device_tree(fdt, NULL, &of_root,
1302 				early_init_dt_alloc_memory_arch, false);
1303 
1304 	/* Get pointer to "/chosen" and "/aliases" nodes for use everywhere */
1305 	of_alias_scan(early_init_dt_alloc_memory_arch);
1306 
1307 	unittest_unflatten_overlay_base();
1308 }
1309 
1310 /**
1311  * unflatten_and_copy_device_tree - copy and create tree of device_nodes from flat blob
1312  *
1313  * Copies and unflattens the device-tree passed by the firmware, creating the
1314  * tree of struct device_node. It also fills the "name" and "type"
1315  * pointers of the nodes so the normal device-tree walking functions
1316  * can be used. This should only be used when the FDT memory has not been
1317  * reserved such is the case when the FDT is built-in to the kernel init
1318  * section. If the FDT memory is reserved already then unflatten_device_tree
1319  * should be used instead.
1320  */
1321 void __init unflatten_and_copy_device_tree(void)
1322 {
1323 	if (initial_boot_params)
1324 		initial_boot_params = copy_device_tree(initial_boot_params);
1325 
1326 	unflatten_device_tree();
1327 }
1328 
1329 #ifdef CONFIG_SYSFS
1330 static int __init of_fdt_raw_init(void)
1331 {
1332 	static __ro_after_init BIN_ATTR_SIMPLE_ADMIN_RO(fdt);
1333 
1334 	if (!initial_boot_params)
1335 		return 0;
1336 
1337 	if (of_fdt_crc32 != crc32_be(~0, initial_boot_params,
1338 				     fdt_totalsize(initial_boot_params))) {
1339 		pr_warn("not creating '/sys/firmware/fdt': CRC check failed\n");
1340 		return 0;
1341 	}
1342 	bin_attr_fdt.private = initial_boot_params;
1343 	bin_attr_fdt.size = fdt_totalsize(initial_boot_params);
1344 	return sysfs_create_bin_file(firmware_kobj, &bin_attr_fdt);
1345 }
1346 late_initcall(of_fdt_raw_init);
1347 #endif
1348 
1349 #endif /* CONFIG_OF_EARLY_FLATTREE */
1350