xref: /linux/drivers/net/usb/cdc_eem.c (revision acbf6de674ef7b1b5870b25e7b3c695bf84273d0)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
2 /*
3  * USB CDC EEM network interface driver
4  * Copyright (C) 2009 Oberthur Technologies
5  * by Omar Laazimani, Olivier Condemine
6  */
7 
8 #include <linux/module.h>
9 #include <linux/netdevice.h>
10 #include <linux/etherdevice.h>
11 #include <linux/ctype.h>
12 #include <linux/ethtool.h>
13 #include <linux/workqueue.h>
14 #include <linux/mii.h>
15 #include <linux/usb.h>
16 #include <linux/crc32.h>
17 #include <linux/usb/cdc.h>
18 #include <linux/usb/usbnet.h>
19 #include <linux/gfp.h>
20 #include <linux/if_vlan.h>
21 
22 
23 /*
24  * This driver is an implementation of the CDC "Ethernet Emulation
25  * Model" (EEM) specification, which encapsulates Ethernet frames
26  * for transport over USB using a simpler USB device model than the
27  * previous CDC "Ethernet Control Model" (ECM, or "CDC Ethernet").
28  *
29  * For details, see https://usb.org/sites/default/files/CDC_EEM10.pdf
30  *
31  * This version has been tested with GIGAntIC WuaoW SIM Smart Card on 2.6.24,
32  * 2.6.27 and 2.6.30rc2 kernel.
33  * It has also been validated on Openmoko Om 2008.12 (based on 2.6.24 kernel).
34  * build on 23-April-2009
35  */
36 
37 #define EEM_HEAD	2		/* 2 byte header */
38 
39 /*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
40 
41 static void eem_linkcmd_complete(struct urb *urb)
42 {
43 	dev_kfree_skb(urb->context);
44 	usb_free_urb(urb);
45 }
46 
47 static void eem_linkcmd(struct usbnet *dev, struct sk_buff *skb)
48 {
49 	struct urb		*urb;
50 	int			status;
51 
52 	urb = usb_alloc_urb(0, GFP_ATOMIC);
53 	if (!urb)
54 		goto fail;
55 
56 	usb_fill_bulk_urb(urb, dev->udev, dev->out,
57 			skb->data, skb->len, eem_linkcmd_complete, skb);
58 
59 	status = usb_submit_urb(urb, GFP_ATOMIC);
60 	if (status) {
61 		usb_free_urb(urb);
62 fail:
63 		dev_kfree_skb(skb);
64 		netdev_warn(dev->net, "link cmd failure\n");
65 		return;
66 	}
67 }
68 
69 static int eem_bind(struct usbnet *dev, struct usb_interface *intf)
70 {
71 	int status = 0;
72 
73 	status = usbnet_get_endpoints(dev, intf);
74 	if (status < 0)
75 		return status;
76 
77 	/* no jumbogram (16K) support for now */
78 
79 	dev->net->hard_header_len += EEM_HEAD + ETH_FCS_LEN + VLAN_HLEN;
80 	dev->hard_mtu = dev->net->mtu + dev->net->hard_header_len;
81 
82 	return 0;
83 }
84 
85 /*
86  * EEM permits packing multiple Ethernet frames into USB transfers
87  * (a "bundle"), but for TX we don't try to do that.
88  */
89 static struct sk_buff *eem_tx_fixup(struct usbnet *dev, struct sk_buff *skb,
90 				       gfp_t flags)
91 {
92 	struct sk_buff	*skb2 = NULL;
93 	u16		len = skb->len;
94 	u32		crc = 0;
95 	int		padlen = 0;
96 
97 	/* When ((len + EEM_HEAD + ETH_FCS_LEN) % dev->maxpacket) is
98 	 * zero, stick two bytes of zero length EEM packet on the end.
99 	 * Else the framework would add invalid single byte padding,
100 	 * since it can't know whether ZLPs will be handled right by
101 	 * all the relevant hardware and software.
102 	 */
103 	if (!((len + EEM_HEAD + ETH_FCS_LEN) % dev->maxpacket))
104 		padlen += 2;
105 
106 	if (!skb_cloned(skb)) {
107 		int	headroom = skb_headroom(skb);
108 		int	tailroom = skb_tailroom(skb);
109 
110 		if ((tailroom >= ETH_FCS_LEN + padlen) &&
111 		    (headroom >= EEM_HEAD))
112 			goto done;
113 
114 		if ((headroom + tailroom)
115 				> (EEM_HEAD + ETH_FCS_LEN + padlen)) {
116 			skb->data = memmove(skb->head +
117 					EEM_HEAD,
118 					skb->data,
119 					skb->len);
120 			skb_set_tail_pointer(skb, len);
121 			goto done;
122 		}
123 	}
124 
125 	skb2 = skb_copy_expand(skb, EEM_HEAD, ETH_FCS_LEN + padlen, flags);
126 	dev_kfree_skb_any(skb);
127 	if (!skb2)
128 		return NULL;
129 
130 	skb = skb2;
131 
132 done:
133 	/* we don't use the "no Ethernet CRC" option */
134 	crc = crc32_le(~0, skb->data, skb->len);
135 	crc = ~crc;
136 
137 	put_unaligned_le32(crc, skb_put(skb, 4));
138 
139 	/* EEM packet header format:
140 	 * b0..13:	length of ethernet frame
141 	 * b14:		bmCRC (1 == valid Ethernet CRC)
142 	 * b15:		bmType (0 == data)
143 	 */
144 	len = skb->len;
145 	put_unaligned_le16(BIT(14) | len, skb_push(skb, 2));
146 
147 	/* Bundle a zero length EEM packet if needed */
148 	if (padlen)
149 		put_unaligned_le16(0, skb_put(skb, 2));
150 
151 	return skb;
152 }
153 
154 static int eem_rx_fixup(struct usbnet *dev, struct sk_buff *skb)
155 {
156 	/*
157 	 * Our task here is to strip off framing, leaving skb with one
158 	 * data frame for the usbnet framework code to process.  But we
159 	 * may have received multiple EEM payloads, or command payloads.
160 	 * So we must process _everything_ as if it's a header, except
161 	 * maybe the last data payload
162 	 *
163 	 * REVISIT the framework needs updating so that when we consume
164 	 * all payloads (the last or only message was a command, or a
165 	 * zero length EEM packet) that is not accounted as an rx_error.
166 	 */
167 	do {
168 		struct sk_buff	*skb2 = NULL;
169 		u16		header;
170 		u16		len = 0;
171 
172 		/* incomplete EEM header? */
173 		if (skb->len < EEM_HEAD)
174 			return 0;
175 
176 		/*
177 		 * EEM packet header format:
178 		 * b0..14:	EEM type dependent (Data or Command)
179 		 * b15:		bmType
180 		 */
181 		header = get_unaligned_le16(skb->data);
182 		skb_pull(skb, EEM_HEAD);
183 
184 		/*
185 		 * The bmType bit helps to denote when EEM
186 		 * packet is data or command :
187 		 *	bmType = 0	: EEM data payload
188 		 *	bmType = 1	: EEM (link) command
189 		 */
190 		if (header & BIT(15)) {
191 			u16	bmEEMCmd;
192 
193 			/*
194 			 * EEM (link) command packet:
195 			 * b0..10:	bmEEMCmdParam
196 			 * b11..13:	bmEEMCmd
197 			 * b14:		bmReserved (must be 0)
198 			 * b15:		1 (EEM command)
199 			 */
200 			if (header & BIT(14)) {
201 				netdev_dbg(dev->net, "reserved command %04x\n",
202 					   header);
203 				continue;
204 			}
205 
206 			bmEEMCmd = (header >> 11) & 0x7;
207 			switch (bmEEMCmd) {
208 
209 			/* Responding to echo requests is mandatory. */
210 			case 0:		/* Echo command */
211 				len = header & 0x7FF;
212 
213 				/* bogus command? */
214 				if (skb->len < len)
215 					return 0;
216 
217 				skb2 = skb_clone(skb, GFP_ATOMIC);
218 				if (unlikely(!skb2))
219 					goto next;
220 				skb_trim(skb2, len);
221 				put_unaligned_le16(BIT(15) | BIT(11) | len,
222 						skb_push(skb2, 2));
223 				eem_linkcmd(dev, skb2);
224 				break;
225 
226 			/*
227 			 * Host may choose to ignore hints.
228 			 *  - suspend: peripheral ready to suspend
229 			 *  - response: suggest N millisec polling
230 			 *  - response complete: suggest N sec polling
231 			 *
232 			 * Suspend is reported and maybe heeded.
233 			 */
234 			case 2:		/* Suspend hint */
235 				usbnet_device_suggests_idle(dev);
236 				continue;
237 			case 3:		/* Response hint */
238 			case 4:		/* Response complete hint */
239 				continue;
240 
241 			/*
242 			 * Hosts should never receive host-to-peripheral
243 			 * or reserved command codes; or responses to an
244 			 * echo command we didn't send.
245 			 */
246 			case 1:		/* Echo response */
247 			case 5:		/* Tickle */
248 			default:	/* reserved */
249 				netdev_warn(dev->net,
250 					    "unexpected link command %d\n",
251 					    bmEEMCmd);
252 				continue;
253 			}
254 
255 		} else {
256 			u32	crc, crc2;
257 			int	is_last;
258 
259 			/* zero length EEM packet? */
260 			if (header == 0)
261 				continue;
262 
263 			/*
264 			 * EEM data packet header :
265 			 * b0..13:	length of ethernet frame
266 			 * b14:		bmCRC
267 			 * b15:		0 (EEM data)
268 			 */
269 			len = header & 0x3FFF;
270 
271 			/* bogus EEM payload? */
272 			if (skb->len < len)
273 				return 0;
274 
275 			/* bogus ethernet frame? */
276 			if (len < (ETH_HLEN + ETH_FCS_LEN))
277 				goto next;
278 
279 			/*
280 			 * Treat the last payload differently: framework
281 			 * code expects our "fixup" to have stripped off
282 			 * headers, so "skb" is a data packet (or error).
283 			 * Else if it's not the last payload, keep "skb"
284 			 * for further processing.
285 			 */
286 			is_last = (len == skb->len);
287 			if (is_last)
288 				skb2 = skb;
289 			else {
290 				skb2 = skb_clone(skb, GFP_ATOMIC);
291 				if (unlikely(!skb2))
292 					return 0;
293 			}
294 
295 			/*
296 			 * The bmCRC helps to denote when the CRC field in
297 			 * the Ethernet frame contains a calculated CRC:
298 			 *	bmCRC = 1	: CRC is calculated
299 			 *	bmCRC = 0	: CRC = 0xDEADBEEF
300 			 */
301 			if (header & BIT(14)) {
302 				crc = get_unaligned_le32(skb2->data
303 						+ len - ETH_FCS_LEN);
304 				crc2 = ~crc32_le(~0, skb2->data, skb2->len
305 						- ETH_FCS_LEN);
306 			} else {
307 				crc = get_unaligned_be32(skb2->data
308 						+ len - ETH_FCS_LEN);
309 				crc2 = 0xdeadbeef;
310 			}
311 			skb_trim(skb2, len - ETH_FCS_LEN);
312 
313 			if (is_last)
314 				return crc == crc2;
315 
316 			if (unlikely(crc != crc2)) {
317 				dev->net->stats.rx_errors++;
318 				dev_kfree_skb_any(skb2);
319 			} else
320 				usbnet_skb_return(dev, skb2);
321 		}
322 
323 next:
324 		skb_pull(skb, len);
325 	} while (skb->len);
326 
327 	return 1;
328 }
329 
330 static const struct driver_info eem_info = {
331 	.description =	"CDC EEM Device",
332 	.flags =	FLAG_ETHER | FLAG_POINTTOPOINT,
333 	.bind =		eem_bind,
334 	.rx_fixup =	eem_rx_fixup,
335 	.tx_fixup =	eem_tx_fixup,
336 };
337 
338 /*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
339 
340 static const struct usb_device_id products[] = {
341 {
342 	USB_INTERFACE_INFO(USB_CLASS_COMM, USB_CDC_SUBCLASS_EEM,
343 			USB_CDC_PROTO_EEM),
344 	.driver_info = (unsigned long) &eem_info,
345 },
346 {
347 	/* EMPTY == end of list */
348 },
349 };
350 MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(usb, products);
351 
352 static struct usb_driver eem_driver = {
353 	.name =		"cdc_eem",
354 	.id_table =	products,
355 	.probe =	usbnet_probe,
356 	.disconnect =	usbnet_disconnect,
357 	.suspend =	usbnet_suspend,
358 	.resume =	usbnet_resume,
359 	.disable_hub_initiated_lpm = 1,
360 };
361 
362 module_usb_driver(eem_driver);
363 
364 MODULE_AUTHOR("Omar Laazimani <omar.oberthur@gmail.com>");
365 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("USB CDC EEM");
366 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
367