xref: /linux/drivers/mtd/mtdpstore.c (revision 3f0a50f345f78183f6e9b39c2f45ca5dcaa511ca)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 
3 #define dev_fmt(fmt) "mtdoops-pstore: " fmt
4 
5 #include <linux/kernel.h>
6 #include <linux/module.h>
7 #include <linux/pstore_blk.h>
8 #include <linux/mtd/mtd.h>
9 #include <linux/bitops.h>
10 #include <linux/slab.h>
11 
12 static struct mtdpstore_context {
13 	int index;
14 	struct pstore_blk_config info;
15 	struct pstore_device_info dev;
16 	struct mtd_info *mtd;
17 	unsigned long *rmmap;		/* removed bit map */
18 	unsigned long *usedmap;		/* used bit map */
19 	/*
20 	 * used for panic write
21 	 * As there are no block_isbad for panic case, we should keep this
22 	 * status before panic to ensure panic_write not failed.
23 	 */
24 	unsigned long *badmap;		/* bad block bit map */
25 } oops_cxt;
26 
27 static int mtdpstore_block_isbad(struct mtdpstore_context *cxt, loff_t off)
28 {
29 	int ret;
30 	struct mtd_info *mtd = cxt->mtd;
31 	u64 blknum;
32 
33 	off = ALIGN_DOWN(off, mtd->erasesize);
34 	blknum = div_u64(off, mtd->erasesize);
35 
36 	if (test_bit(blknum, cxt->badmap))
37 		return true;
38 	ret = mtd_block_isbad(mtd, off);
39 	if (ret < 0) {
40 		dev_err(&mtd->dev, "mtd_block_isbad failed, aborting\n");
41 		return ret;
42 	} else if (ret > 0) {
43 		set_bit(blknum, cxt->badmap);
44 		return true;
45 	}
46 	return false;
47 }
48 
49 static inline int mtdpstore_panic_block_isbad(struct mtdpstore_context *cxt,
50 		loff_t off)
51 {
52 	struct mtd_info *mtd = cxt->mtd;
53 	u64 blknum;
54 
55 	off = ALIGN_DOWN(off, mtd->erasesize);
56 	blknum = div_u64(off, mtd->erasesize);
57 	return test_bit(blknum, cxt->badmap);
58 }
59 
60 static inline void mtdpstore_mark_used(struct mtdpstore_context *cxt,
61 		loff_t off)
62 {
63 	struct mtd_info *mtd = cxt->mtd;
64 	u64 zonenum = div_u64(off, cxt->info.kmsg_size);
65 
66 	dev_dbg(&mtd->dev, "mark zone %llu used\n", zonenum);
67 	set_bit(zonenum, cxt->usedmap);
68 }
69 
70 static inline void mtdpstore_mark_unused(struct mtdpstore_context *cxt,
71 		loff_t off)
72 {
73 	struct mtd_info *mtd = cxt->mtd;
74 	u64 zonenum = div_u64(off, cxt->info.kmsg_size);
75 
76 	dev_dbg(&mtd->dev, "mark zone %llu unused\n", zonenum);
77 	clear_bit(zonenum, cxt->usedmap);
78 }
79 
80 static inline void mtdpstore_block_mark_unused(struct mtdpstore_context *cxt,
81 		loff_t off)
82 {
83 	struct mtd_info *mtd = cxt->mtd;
84 	u32 zonecnt = mtd->erasesize / cxt->info.kmsg_size;
85 	u64 zonenum;
86 
87 	off = ALIGN_DOWN(off, mtd->erasesize);
88 	zonenum = div_u64(off, cxt->info.kmsg_size);
89 	while (zonecnt > 0) {
90 		dev_dbg(&mtd->dev, "mark zone %llu unused\n", zonenum);
91 		clear_bit(zonenum, cxt->usedmap);
92 		zonenum++;
93 		zonecnt--;
94 	}
95 }
96 
97 static inline int mtdpstore_is_used(struct mtdpstore_context *cxt, loff_t off)
98 {
99 	u64 zonenum = div_u64(off, cxt->info.kmsg_size);
100 	u64 blknum = div_u64(off, cxt->mtd->erasesize);
101 
102 	if (test_bit(blknum, cxt->badmap))
103 		return true;
104 	return test_bit(zonenum, cxt->usedmap);
105 }
106 
107 static int mtdpstore_block_is_used(struct mtdpstore_context *cxt,
108 		loff_t off)
109 {
110 	struct mtd_info *mtd = cxt->mtd;
111 	u32 zonecnt = mtd->erasesize / cxt->info.kmsg_size;
112 	u64 zonenum;
113 
114 	off = ALIGN_DOWN(off, mtd->erasesize);
115 	zonenum = div_u64(off, cxt->info.kmsg_size);
116 	while (zonecnt > 0) {
117 		if (test_bit(zonenum, cxt->usedmap))
118 			return true;
119 		zonenum++;
120 		zonecnt--;
121 	}
122 	return false;
123 }
124 
125 static int mtdpstore_is_empty(struct mtdpstore_context *cxt, char *buf,
126 		size_t size)
127 {
128 	struct mtd_info *mtd = cxt->mtd;
129 	size_t sz;
130 	int i;
131 
132 	sz = min_t(uint32_t, size, mtd->writesize / 4);
133 	for (i = 0; i < sz; i++) {
134 		if (buf[i] != (char)0xFF)
135 			return false;
136 	}
137 	return true;
138 }
139 
140 static void mtdpstore_mark_removed(struct mtdpstore_context *cxt, loff_t off)
141 {
142 	struct mtd_info *mtd = cxt->mtd;
143 	u64 zonenum = div_u64(off, cxt->info.kmsg_size);
144 
145 	dev_dbg(&mtd->dev, "mark zone %llu removed\n", zonenum);
146 	set_bit(zonenum, cxt->rmmap);
147 }
148 
149 static void mtdpstore_block_clear_removed(struct mtdpstore_context *cxt,
150 		loff_t off)
151 {
152 	struct mtd_info *mtd = cxt->mtd;
153 	u32 zonecnt = mtd->erasesize / cxt->info.kmsg_size;
154 	u64 zonenum;
155 
156 	off = ALIGN_DOWN(off, mtd->erasesize);
157 	zonenum = div_u64(off, cxt->info.kmsg_size);
158 	while (zonecnt > 0) {
159 		clear_bit(zonenum, cxt->rmmap);
160 		zonenum++;
161 		zonecnt--;
162 	}
163 }
164 
165 static int mtdpstore_block_is_removed(struct mtdpstore_context *cxt,
166 		loff_t off)
167 {
168 	struct mtd_info *mtd = cxt->mtd;
169 	u32 zonecnt = mtd->erasesize / cxt->info.kmsg_size;
170 	u64 zonenum;
171 
172 	off = ALIGN_DOWN(off, mtd->erasesize);
173 	zonenum = div_u64(off, cxt->info.kmsg_size);
174 	while (zonecnt > 0) {
175 		if (test_bit(zonenum, cxt->rmmap))
176 			return true;
177 		zonenum++;
178 		zonecnt--;
179 	}
180 	return false;
181 }
182 
183 static int mtdpstore_erase_do(struct mtdpstore_context *cxt, loff_t off)
184 {
185 	struct mtd_info *mtd = cxt->mtd;
186 	struct erase_info erase;
187 	int ret;
188 
189 	off = ALIGN_DOWN(off, cxt->mtd->erasesize);
190 	dev_dbg(&mtd->dev, "try to erase off 0x%llx\n", off);
191 	erase.len = cxt->mtd->erasesize;
192 	erase.addr = off;
193 	ret = mtd_erase(cxt->mtd, &erase);
194 	if (!ret)
195 		mtdpstore_block_clear_removed(cxt, off);
196 	else
197 		dev_err(&mtd->dev, "erase of region [0x%llx, 0x%llx] on \"%s\" failed\n",
198 		       (unsigned long long)erase.addr,
199 		       (unsigned long long)erase.len, cxt->info.device);
200 	return ret;
201 }
202 
203 /*
204  * called while removing file
205  *
206  * Avoiding over erasing, do erase block only when the whole block is unused.
207  * If the block contains valid log, do erase lazily on flush_removed() when
208  * unregister.
209  */
210 static ssize_t mtdpstore_erase(size_t size, loff_t off)
211 {
212 	struct mtdpstore_context *cxt = &oops_cxt;
213 
214 	if (mtdpstore_block_isbad(cxt, off))
215 		return -EIO;
216 
217 	mtdpstore_mark_unused(cxt, off);
218 
219 	/* If the block still has valid data, mtdpstore do erase lazily */
220 	if (likely(mtdpstore_block_is_used(cxt, off))) {
221 		mtdpstore_mark_removed(cxt, off);
222 		return 0;
223 	}
224 
225 	/* all zones are unused, erase it */
226 	return mtdpstore_erase_do(cxt, off);
227 }
228 
229 /*
230  * What is security for mtdpstore?
231  * As there is no erase for panic case, we should ensure at least one zone
232  * is writable. Otherwise, panic write will fail.
233  * If zone is used, write operation will return -ENOMSG, which means that
234  * pstore/blk will try one by one until gets an empty zone. So, it is not
235  * needed to ensure the next zone is empty, but at least one.
236  */
237 static int mtdpstore_security(struct mtdpstore_context *cxt, loff_t off)
238 {
239 	int ret = 0, i;
240 	struct mtd_info *mtd = cxt->mtd;
241 	u32 zonenum = (u32)div_u64(off, cxt->info.kmsg_size);
242 	u32 zonecnt = (u32)div_u64(cxt->mtd->size, cxt->info.kmsg_size);
243 	u32 blkcnt = (u32)div_u64(cxt->mtd->size, cxt->mtd->erasesize);
244 	u32 erasesize = cxt->mtd->erasesize;
245 
246 	for (i = 0; i < zonecnt; i++) {
247 		u32 num = (zonenum + i) % zonecnt;
248 
249 		/* found empty zone */
250 		if (!test_bit(num, cxt->usedmap))
251 			return 0;
252 	}
253 
254 	/* If there is no any empty zone, we have no way but to do erase */
255 	while (blkcnt--) {
256 		div64_u64_rem(off + erasesize, cxt->mtd->size, (u64 *)&off);
257 
258 		if (mtdpstore_block_isbad(cxt, off))
259 			continue;
260 
261 		ret = mtdpstore_erase_do(cxt, off);
262 		if (!ret) {
263 			mtdpstore_block_mark_unused(cxt, off);
264 			break;
265 		}
266 	}
267 
268 	if (ret)
269 		dev_err(&mtd->dev, "all blocks bad!\n");
270 	dev_dbg(&mtd->dev, "end security\n");
271 	return ret;
272 }
273 
274 static ssize_t mtdpstore_write(const char *buf, size_t size, loff_t off)
275 {
276 	struct mtdpstore_context *cxt = &oops_cxt;
277 	struct mtd_info *mtd = cxt->mtd;
278 	size_t retlen;
279 	int ret;
280 
281 	if (mtdpstore_block_isbad(cxt, off))
282 		return -ENOMSG;
283 
284 	/* zone is used, please try next one */
285 	if (mtdpstore_is_used(cxt, off))
286 		return -ENOMSG;
287 
288 	dev_dbg(&mtd->dev, "try to write off 0x%llx size %zu\n", off, size);
289 	ret = mtd_write(cxt->mtd, off, size, &retlen, (u_char *)buf);
290 	if (ret < 0 || retlen != size) {
291 		dev_err(&mtd->dev, "write failure at %lld (%zu of %zu written), err %d\n",
292 				off, retlen, size, ret);
293 		return -EIO;
294 	}
295 	mtdpstore_mark_used(cxt, off);
296 
297 	mtdpstore_security(cxt, off);
298 	return retlen;
299 }
300 
301 static inline bool mtdpstore_is_io_error(int ret)
302 {
303 	return ret < 0 && !mtd_is_bitflip(ret) && !mtd_is_eccerr(ret);
304 }
305 
306 /*
307  * All zones will be read as pstore/blk will read zone one by one when do
308  * recover.
309  */
310 static ssize_t mtdpstore_read(char *buf, size_t size, loff_t off)
311 {
312 	struct mtdpstore_context *cxt = &oops_cxt;
313 	struct mtd_info *mtd = cxt->mtd;
314 	size_t retlen, done;
315 	int ret;
316 
317 	if (mtdpstore_block_isbad(cxt, off))
318 		return -ENOMSG;
319 
320 	dev_dbg(&mtd->dev, "try to read off 0x%llx size %zu\n", off, size);
321 	for (done = 0, retlen = 0; done < size; done += retlen) {
322 		retlen = 0;
323 
324 		ret = mtd_read(cxt->mtd, off + done, size - done, &retlen,
325 				(u_char *)buf + done);
326 		if (mtdpstore_is_io_error(ret)) {
327 			dev_err(&mtd->dev, "read failure at %lld (%zu of %zu read), err %d\n",
328 					off + done, retlen, size - done, ret);
329 			/* the zone may be broken, try next one */
330 			return -ENOMSG;
331 		}
332 
333 		/*
334 		 * ECC error. The impact on log data is so small. Maybe we can
335 		 * still read it and try to understand. So mtdpstore just hands
336 		 * over what it gets and user can judge whether the data is
337 		 * valid or not.
338 		 */
339 		if (mtd_is_eccerr(ret)) {
340 			dev_err(&mtd->dev, "ecc error at %lld (%zu of %zu read), err %d\n",
341 					off + done, retlen, size - done, ret);
342 			/* driver may not set retlen when ecc error */
343 			retlen = retlen == 0 ? size - done : retlen;
344 		}
345 	}
346 
347 	if (mtdpstore_is_empty(cxt, buf, size))
348 		mtdpstore_mark_unused(cxt, off);
349 	else
350 		mtdpstore_mark_used(cxt, off);
351 
352 	mtdpstore_security(cxt, off);
353 	return retlen;
354 }
355 
356 static ssize_t mtdpstore_panic_write(const char *buf, size_t size, loff_t off)
357 {
358 	struct mtdpstore_context *cxt = &oops_cxt;
359 	struct mtd_info *mtd = cxt->mtd;
360 	size_t retlen;
361 	int ret;
362 
363 	if (mtdpstore_panic_block_isbad(cxt, off))
364 		return -ENOMSG;
365 
366 	/* zone is used, please try next one */
367 	if (mtdpstore_is_used(cxt, off))
368 		return -ENOMSG;
369 
370 	ret = mtd_panic_write(cxt->mtd, off, size, &retlen, (u_char *)buf);
371 	if (ret < 0 || size != retlen) {
372 		dev_err(&mtd->dev, "panic write failure at %lld (%zu of %zu read), err %d\n",
373 				off, retlen, size, ret);
374 		return -EIO;
375 	}
376 	mtdpstore_mark_used(cxt, off);
377 
378 	return retlen;
379 }
380 
381 static void mtdpstore_notify_add(struct mtd_info *mtd)
382 {
383 	int ret;
384 	struct mtdpstore_context *cxt = &oops_cxt;
385 	struct pstore_blk_config *info = &cxt->info;
386 	unsigned long longcnt;
387 
388 	if (!strcmp(mtd->name, info->device))
389 		cxt->index = mtd->index;
390 
391 	if (mtd->index != cxt->index || cxt->index < 0)
392 		return;
393 
394 	dev_dbg(&mtd->dev, "found matching MTD device %s\n", mtd->name);
395 
396 	if (mtd->size < info->kmsg_size * 2) {
397 		dev_err(&mtd->dev, "MTD partition %d not big enough\n",
398 				mtd->index);
399 		return;
400 	}
401 	/*
402 	 * kmsg_size must be aligned to 4096 Bytes, which is limited by
403 	 * psblk. The default value of kmsg_size is 64KB. If kmsg_size
404 	 * is larger than erasesize, some errors will occur since mtdpsotre
405 	 * is designed on it.
406 	 */
407 	if (mtd->erasesize < info->kmsg_size) {
408 		dev_err(&mtd->dev, "eraseblock size of MTD partition %d too small\n",
409 				mtd->index);
410 		return;
411 	}
412 	if (unlikely(info->kmsg_size % mtd->writesize)) {
413 		dev_err(&mtd->dev, "record size %lu KB must align to write size %d KB\n",
414 				info->kmsg_size / 1024,
415 				mtd->writesize / 1024);
416 		return;
417 	}
418 
419 	longcnt = BITS_TO_LONGS(div_u64(mtd->size, info->kmsg_size));
420 	cxt->rmmap = kcalloc(longcnt, sizeof(long), GFP_KERNEL);
421 	cxt->usedmap = kcalloc(longcnt, sizeof(long), GFP_KERNEL);
422 
423 	longcnt = BITS_TO_LONGS(div_u64(mtd->size, mtd->erasesize));
424 	cxt->badmap = kcalloc(longcnt, sizeof(long), GFP_KERNEL);
425 
426 	/* just support dmesg right now */
427 	cxt->dev.flags = PSTORE_FLAGS_DMESG;
428 	cxt->dev.zone.read = mtdpstore_read;
429 	cxt->dev.zone.write = mtdpstore_write;
430 	cxt->dev.zone.erase = mtdpstore_erase;
431 	cxt->dev.zone.panic_write = mtdpstore_panic_write;
432 	cxt->dev.zone.total_size = mtd->size;
433 
434 	ret = register_pstore_device(&cxt->dev);
435 	if (ret) {
436 		dev_err(&mtd->dev, "mtd%d register to psblk failed\n",
437 				mtd->index);
438 		return;
439 	}
440 	cxt->mtd = mtd;
441 	dev_info(&mtd->dev, "Attached to MTD device %d\n", mtd->index);
442 }
443 
444 static int mtdpstore_flush_removed_do(struct mtdpstore_context *cxt,
445 		loff_t off, size_t size)
446 {
447 	struct mtd_info *mtd = cxt->mtd;
448 	u_char *buf;
449 	int ret;
450 	size_t retlen;
451 	struct erase_info erase;
452 
453 	buf = kmalloc(mtd->erasesize, GFP_KERNEL);
454 	if (!buf)
455 		return -ENOMEM;
456 
457 	/* 1st. read to cache */
458 	ret = mtd_read(mtd, off, mtd->erasesize, &retlen, buf);
459 	if (mtdpstore_is_io_error(ret))
460 		goto free;
461 
462 	/* 2nd. erase block */
463 	erase.len = mtd->erasesize;
464 	erase.addr = off;
465 	ret = mtd_erase(mtd, &erase);
466 	if (ret)
467 		goto free;
468 
469 	/* 3rd. write back */
470 	while (size) {
471 		unsigned int zonesize = cxt->info.kmsg_size;
472 
473 		/* there is valid data on block, write back */
474 		if (mtdpstore_is_used(cxt, off)) {
475 			ret = mtd_write(mtd, off, zonesize, &retlen, buf);
476 			if (ret)
477 				dev_err(&mtd->dev, "write failure at %lld (%zu of %u written), err %d\n",
478 						off, retlen, zonesize, ret);
479 		}
480 
481 		off += zonesize;
482 		size -= min_t(unsigned int, zonesize, size);
483 	}
484 
485 free:
486 	kfree(buf);
487 	return ret;
488 }
489 
490 /*
491  * What does mtdpstore_flush_removed() do?
492  * When user remove any log file on pstore filesystem, mtdpstore should do
493  * something to ensure log file removed. If the whole block is no longer used,
494  * it's nice to erase the block. However if the block still contains valid log,
495  * what mtdpstore can do is to erase and write the valid log back.
496  */
497 static int mtdpstore_flush_removed(struct mtdpstore_context *cxt)
498 {
499 	struct mtd_info *mtd = cxt->mtd;
500 	int ret;
501 	loff_t off;
502 	u32 blkcnt = (u32)div_u64(mtd->size, mtd->erasesize);
503 
504 	for (off = 0; blkcnt > 0; blkcnt--, off += mtd->erasesize) {
505 		ret = mtdpstore_block_isbad(cxt, off);
506 		if (ret)
507 			continue;
508 
509 		ret = mtdpstore_block_is_removed(cxt, off);
510 		if (!ret)
511 			continue;
512 
513 		ret = mtdpstore_flush_removed_do(cxt, off, mtd->erasesize);
514 		if (ret)
515 			return ret;
516 	}
517 	return 0;
518 }
519 
520 static void mtdpstore_notify_remove(struct mtd_info *mtd)
521 {
522 	struct mtdpstore_context *cxt = &oops_cxt;
523 
524 	if (mtd->index != cxt->index || cxt->index < 0)
525 		return;
526 
527 	mtdpstore_flush_removed(cxt);
528 
529 	unregister_pstore_device(&cxt->dev);
530 	kfree(cxt->badmap);
531 	kfree(cxt->usedmap);
532 	kfree(cxt->rmmap);
533 	cxt->mtd = NULL;
534 	cxt->index = -1;
535 }
536 
537 static struct mtd_notifier mtdpstore_notifier = {
538 	.add	= mtdpstore_notify_add,
539 	.remove	= mtdpstore_notify_remove,
540 };
541 
542 static int __init mtdpstore_init(void)
543 {
544 	int ret;
545 	struct mtdpstore_context *cxt = &oops_cxt;
546 	struct pstore_blk_config *info = &cxt->info;
547 
548 	ret = pstore_blk_get_config(info);
549 	if (unlikely(ret))
550 		return ret;
551 
552 	if (strlen(info->device) == 0) {
553 		pr_err("mtd device must be supplied (device name is empty)\n");
554 		return -EINVAL;
555 	}
556 	if (!info->kmsg_size) {
557 		pr_err("no backend enabled (kmsg_size is 0)\n");
558 		return -EINVAL;
559 	}
560 
561 	/* Setup the MTD device to use */
562 	ret = kstrtoint((char *)info->device, 0, &cxt->index);
563 	if (ret)
564 		cxt->index = -1;
565 
566 	register_mtd_user(&mtdpstore_notifier);
567 	return 0;
568 }
569 module_init(mtdpstore_init);
570 
571 static void __exit mtdpstore_exit(void)
572 {
573 	unregister_mtd_user(&mtdpstore_notifier);
574 }
575 module_exit(mtdpstore_exit);
576 
577 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
578 MODULE_AUTHOR("WeiXiong Liao <liaoweixiong@allwinnertech.com>");
579 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("MTD backend for pstore/blk");
580