xref: /linux/drivers/mtd/mtdpart.c (revision ca64d84e93762f4e587e040a44ad9f6089afc777)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
2 /*
3  * Simple MTD partitioning layer
4  *
5  * Copyright © 2000 Nicolas Pitre <nico@fluxnic.net>
6  * Copyright © 2002 Thomas Gleixner <gleixner@linutronix.de>
7  * Copyright © 2000-2010 David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
8  */
9 
10 #include <linux/module.h>
11 #include <linux/types.h>
12 #include <linux/kernel.h>
13 #include <linux/slab.h>
14 #include <linux/list.h>
15 #include <linux/kmod.h>
16 #include <linux/mtd/mtd.h>
17 #include <linux/mtd/partitions.h>
18 #include <linux/err.h>
19 #include <linux/of.h>
20 
21 #include "mtdcore.h"
22 
23 /*
24  * MTD methods which simply translate the effective address and pass through
25  * to the _real_ device.
26  */
27 
28 static inline void free_partition(struct mtd_info *mtd)
29 {
30 	kfree(mtd->name);
31 	kfree(mtd);
32 }
33 
34 static struct mtd_info *allocate_partition(struct mtd_info *parent,
35 					   const struct mtd_partition *part,
36 					   int partno, uint64_t cur_offset)
37 {
38 	int wr_alignment = (parent->flags & MTD_NO_ERASE) ? parent->writesize :
39 							    parent->erasesize;
40 	struct mtd_info *child, *master = mtd_get_master(parent);
41 	u32 remainder;
42 	char *name;
43 	u64 tmp;
44 
45 	/* allocate the partition structure */
46 	child = kzalloc(sizeof(*child), GFP_KERNEL);
47 	name = kstrdup(part->name, GFP_KERNEL);
48 	if (!name || !child) {
49 		printk(KERN_ERR"memory allocation error while creating partitions for \"%s\"\n",
50 		       parent->name);
51 		kfree(name);
52 		kfree(child);
53 		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
54 	}
55 
56 	/* set up the MTD object for this partition */
57 	child->type = parent->type;
58 	child->part.flags = parent->flags & ~part->mask_flags;
59 	child->flags = child->part.flags;
60 	child->size = part->size;
61 	child->writesize = parent->writesize;
62 	child->writebufsize = parent->writebufsize;
63 	child->oobsize = parent->oobsize;
64 	child->oobavail = parent->oobavail;
65 	child->subpage_sft = parent->subpage_sft;
66 
67 	child->name = name;
68 	child->owner = parent->owner;
69 
70 	/* NOTE: Historically, we didn't arrange MTDs as a tree out of
71 	 * concern for showing the same data in multiple partitions.
72 	 * However, it is very useful to have the master node present,
73 	 * so the MTD_PARTITIONED_MASTER option allows that. The master
74 	 * will have device nodes etc only if this is set, so make the
75 	 * parent conditional on that option. Note, this is a way to
76 	 * distinguish between the parent and its partitions in sysfs.
77 	 */
78 	child->dev.parent = IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MTD_PARTITIONED_MASTER) || mtd_is_partition(parent) ?
79 			    &parent->dev : parent->dev.parent;
80 	child->dev.of_node = part->of_node;
81 	child->parent = parent;
82 	child->part.offset = part->offset;
83 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&child->partitions);
84 
85 	if (child->part.offset == MTDPART_OFS_APPEND)
86 		child->part.offset = cur_offset;
87 	if (child->part.offset == MTDPART_OFS_NXTBLK) {
88 		tmp = cur_offset;
89 		child->part.offset = cur_offset;
90 		remainder = do_div(tmp, wr_alignment);
91 		if (remainder) {
92 			child->part.offset += wr_alignment - remainder;
93 			printk(KERN_NOTICE "Moving partition %d: "
94 			       "0x%012llx -> 0x%012llx\n", partno,
95 			       (unsigned long long)cur_offset,
96 			       child->part.offset);
97 		}
98 	}
99 	if (child->part.offset == MTDPART_OFS_RETAIN) {
100 		child->part.offset = cur_offset;
101 		if (parent->size - child->part.offset >= child->size) {
102 			child->size = parent->size - child->part.offset -
103 				      child->size;
104 		} else {
105 			printk(KERN_ERR "mtd partition \"%s\" doesn't have enough space: %#llx < %#llx, disabled\n",
106 				part->name, parent->size - child->part.offset,
107 				child->size);
108 			/* register to preserve ordering */
109 			goto out_register;
110 		}
111 	}
112 	if (child->size == MTDPART_SIZ_FULL)
113 		child->size = parent->size - child->part.offset;
114 
115 	printk(KERN_NOTICE "0x%012llx-0x%012llx : \"%s\"\n",
116 	       child->part.offset, child->part.offset + child->size,
117 	       child->name);
118 
119 	/* let's do some sanity checks */
120 	if (child->part.offset >= parent->size) {
121 		/* let's register it anyway to preserve ordering */
122 		child->part.offset = 0;
123 		child->size = 0;
124 
125 		/* Initialize ->erasesize to make add_mtd_device() happy. */
126 		child->erasesize = parent->erasesize;
127 		printk(KERN_ERR"mtd: partition \"%s\" is out of reach -- disabled\n",
128 			part->name);
129 		goto out_register;
130 	}
131 	if (child->part.offset + child->size > parent->size) {
132 		child->size = parent->size - child->part.offset;
133 		printk(KERN_WARNING"mtd: partition \"%s\" extends beyond the end of device \"%s\" -- size truncated to %#llx\n",
134 			part->name, parent->name, child->size);
135 	}
136 	if (parent->numeraseregions > 1) {
137 		/* Deal with variable erase size stuff */
138 		int i, max = parent->numeraseregions;
139 		u64 end = child->part.offset + child->size;
140 		struct mtd_erase_region_info *regions = parent->eraseregions;
141 
142 		/* Find the first erase regions which is part of this
143 		 * partition. */
144 		for (i = 0; i < max && regions[i].offset <= child->part.offset;
145 		     i++)
146 			;
147 		/* The loop searched for the region _behind_ the first one */
148 		if (i > 0)
149 			i--;
150 
151 		/* Pick biggest erasesize */
152 		for (; i < max && regions[i].offset < end; i++) {
153 			if (child->erasesize < regions[i].erasesize)
154 				child->erasesize = regions[i].erasesize;
155 		}
156 		BUG_ON(child->erasesize == 0);
157 	} else {
158 		/* Single erase size */
159 		child->erasesize = parent->erasesize;
160 	}
161 
162 	/*
163 	 * Child erasesize might differ from the parent one if the parent
164 	 * exposes several regions with different erasesize. Adjust
165 	 * wr_alignment accordingly.
166 	 */
167 	if (!(child->flags & MTD_NO_ERASE))
168 		wr_alignment = child->erasesize;
169 
170 	tmp = mtd_get_master_ofs(child, 0);
171 	remainder = do_div(tmp, wr_alignment);
172 	if ((child->flags & MTD_WRITEABLE) && remainder) {
173 		/* Doesn't start on a boundary of major erase size */
174 		/* FIXME: Let it be writable if it is on a boundary of
175 		 * _minor_ erase size though */
176 		child->flags &= ~MTD_WRITEABLE;
177 		printk(KERN_WARNING"mtd: partition \"%s\" doesn't start on an erase/write block boundary -- force read-only\n",
178 			part->name);
179 	}
180 
181 	tmp = mtd_get_master_ofs(child, 0) + child->size;
182 	remainder = do_div(tmp, wr_alignment);
183 	if ((child->flags & MTD_WRITEABLE) && remainder) {
184 		child->flags &= ~MTD_WRITEABLE;
185 		printk(KERN_WARNING"mtd: partition \"%s\" doesn't end on an erase/write block -- force read-only\n",
186 			part->name);
187 	}
188 
189 	child->ecc_step_size = parent->ecc_step_size;
190 	child->ecc_strength = parent->ecc_strength;
191 	child->bitflip_threshold = parent->bitflip_threshold;
192 
193 	if (master->_block_isbad) {
194 		uint64_t offs = 0;
195 
196 		while (offs < child->size) {
197 			if (mtd_block_isreserved(child, offs))
198 				child->ecc_stats.bbtblocks++;
199 			else if (mtd_block_isbad(child, offs))
200 				child->ecc_stats.badblocks++;
201 			offs += child->erasesize;
202 		}
203 	}
204 
205 out_register:
206 	return child;
207 }
208 
209 static ssize_t mtd_partition_offset_show(struct device *dev,
210 		struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
211 {
212 	struct mtd_info *mtd = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
213 
214 	return snprintf(buf, PAGE_SIZE, "%lld\n", mtd->part.offset);
215 }
216 
217 static DEVICE_ATTR(offset, S_IRUGO, mtd_partition_offset_show, NULL);
218 
219 static const struct attribute *mtd_partition_attrs[] = {
220 	&dev_attr_offset.attr,
221 	NULL
222 };
223 
224 static int mtd_add_partition_attrs(struct mtd_info *new)
225 {
226 	int ret = sysfs_create_files(&new->dev.kobj, mtd_partition_attrs);
227 	if (ret)
228 		printk(KERN_WARNING
229 		       "mtd: failed to create partition attrs, err=%d\n", ret);
230 	return ret;
231 }
232 
233 int mtd_add_partition(struct mtd_info *parent, const char *name,
234 		      long long offset, long long length)
235 {
236 	struct mtd_info *master = mtd_get_master(parent);
237 	struct mtd_partition part;
238 	struct mtd_info *child;
239 	int ret = 0;
240 
241 	/* the direct offset is expected */
242 	if (offset == MTDPART_OFS_APPEND ||
243 	    offset == MTDPART_OFS_NXTBLK)
244 		return -EINVAL;
245 
246 	if (length == MTDPART_SIZ_FULL)
247 		length = parent->size - offset;
248 
249 	if (length <= 0)
250 		return -EINVAL;
251 
252 	memset(&part, 0, sizeof(part));
253 	part.name = name;
254 	part.size = length;
255 	part.offset = offset;
256 
257 	child = allocate_partition(parent, &part, -1, offset);
258 	if (IS_ERR(child))
259 		return PTR_ERR(child);
260 
261 	mutex_lock(&master->master.partitions_lock);
262 	list_add_tail(&child->part.node, &parent->partitions);
263 	mutex_unlock(&master->master.partitions_lock);
264 
265 	ret = add_mtd_device(child);
266 	if (ret)
267 		goto err_remove_part;
268 
269 	mtd_add_partition_attrs(child);
270 
271 	return 0;
272 
273 err_remove_part:
274 	mutex_lock(&master->master.partitions_lock);
275 	list_del(&child->part.node);
276 	mutex_unlock(&master->master.partitions_lock);
277 
278 	free_partition(child);
279 
280 	return ret;
281 }
282 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(mtd_add_partition);
283 
284 /**
285  * __mtd_del_partition - delete MTD partition
286  *
287  * @priv: MTD structure to be deleted
288  *
289  * This function must be called with the partitions mutex locked.
290  */
291 static int __mtd_del_partition(struct mtd_info *mtd)
292 {
293 	struct mtd_info *child, *next;
294 	int err;
295 
296 	list_for_each_entry_safe(child, next, &mtd->partitions, part.node) {
297 		err = __mtd_del_partition(child);
298 		if (err)
299 			return err;
300 	}
301 
302 	sysfs_remove_files(&mtd->dev.kobj, mtd_partition_attrs);
303 
304 	err = del_mtd_device(mtd);
305 	if (err)
306 		return err;
307 
308 	list_del(&child->part.node);
309 	free_partition(mtd);
310 
311 	return 0;
312 }
313 
314 /*
315  * This function unregisters and destroy all slave MTD objects which are
316  * attached to the given MTD object, recursively.
317  */
318 static int __del_mtd_partitions(struct mtd_info *mtd)
319 {
320 	struct mtd_info *child, *next;
321 	LIST_HEAD(tmp_list);
322 	int ret, err = 0;
323 
324 	list_for_each_entry_safe(child, next, &mtd->partitions, part.node) {
325 		if (mtd_has_partitions(child))
326 			del_mtd_partitions(child);
327 
328 		pr_info("Deleting %s MTD partition\n", child->name);
329 		ret = del_mtd_device(child);
330 		if (ret < 0) {
331 			pr_err("Error when deleting partition \"%s\" (%d)\n",
332 			       child->name, ret);
333 			err = ret;
334 			continue;
335 		}
336 
337 		list_del(&child->part.node);
338 		free_partition(child);
339 	}
340 
341 	return err;
342 }
343 
344 int del_mtd_partitions(struct mtd_info *mtd)
345 {
346 	struct mtd_info *master = mtd_get_master(mtd);
347 	int ret;
348 
349 	pr_info("Deleting MTD partitions on \"%s\":\n", mtd->name);
350 
351 	mutex_lock(&master->master.partitions_lock);
352 	ret = __del_mtd_partitions(mtd);
353 	mutex_unlock(&master->master.partitions_lock);
354 
355 	return ret;
356 }
357 
358 int mtd_del_partition(struct mtd_info *mtd, int partno)
359 {
360 	struct mtd_info *child, *master = mtd_get_master(mtd);
361 	int ret = -EINVAL;
362 
363 	mutex_lock(&master->master.partitions_lock);
364 	list_for_each_entry(child, &mtd->partitions, part.node) {
365 		if (child->index == partno) {
366 			ret = __mtd_del_partition(child);
367 			break;
368 		}
369 	}
370 	mutex_unlock(&master->master.partitions_lock);
371 
372 	return ret;
373 }
374 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(mtd_del_partition);
375 
376 /*
377  * This function, given a parent MTD object and a partition table, creates
378  * and registers the child MTD objects which are bound to the parent according
379  * to the partition definitions.
380  *
381  * For historical reasons, this function's caller only registers the parent
382  * if the MTD_PARTITIONED_MASTER config option is set.
383  */
384 
385 int add_mtd_partitions(struct mtd_info *parent,
386 		       const struct mtd_partition *parts,
387 		       int nbparts)
388 {
389 	struct mtd_info *child, *master = mtd_get_master(parent);
390 	uint64_t cur_offset = 0;
391 	int i, ret;
392 
393 	printk(KERN_NOTICE "Creating %d MTD partitions on \"%s\":\n",
394 	       nbparts, parent->name);
395 
396 	for (i = 0; i < nbparts; i++) {
397 		child = allocate_partition(parent, parts + i, i, cur_offset);
398 		if (IS_ERR(child)) {
399 			ret = PTR_ERR(child);
400 			goto err_del_partitions;
401 		}
402 
403 		mutex_lock(&master->master.partitions_lock);
404 		list_add_tail(&child->part.node, &parent->partitions);
405 		mutex_unlock(&master->master.partitions_lock);
406 
407 		ret = add_mtd_device(child);
408 		if (ret) {
409 			mutex_lock(&master->master.partitions_lock);
410 			list_del(&child->part.node);
411 			mutex_unlock(&master->master.partitions_lock);
412 
413 			free_partition(child);
414 			goto err_del_partitions;
415 		}
416 
417 		mtd_add_partition_attrs(child);
418 
419 		/* Look for subpartitions */
420 		parse_mtd_partitions(child, parts[i].types, NULL);
421 
422 		cur_offset = child->part.offset + child->size;
423 	}
424 
425 	return 0;
426 
427 err_del_partitions:
428 	del_mtd_partitions(master);
429 
430 	return ret;
431 }
432 
433 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(part_parser_lock);
434 static LIST_HEAD(part_parsers);
435 
436 static struct mtd_part_parser *mtd_part_parser_get(const char *name)
437 {
438 	struct mtd_part_parser *p, *ret = NULL;
439 
440 	spin_lock(&part_parser_lock);
441 
442 	list_for_each_entry(p, &part_parsers, list)
443 		if (!strcmp(p->name, name) && try_module_get(p->owner)) {
444 			ret = p;
445 			break;
446 		}
447 
448 	spin_unlock(&part_parser_lock);
449 
450 	return ret;
451 }
452 
453 static inline void mtd_part_parser_put(const struct mtd_part_parser *p)
454 {
455 	module_put(p->owner);
456 }
457 
458 /*
459  * Many partition parsers just expected the core to kfree() all their data in
460  * one chunk. Do that by default.
461  */
462 static void mtd_part_parser_cleanup_default(const struct mtd_partition *pparts,
463 					    int nr_parts)
464 {
465 	kfree(pparts);
466 }
467 
468 int __register_mtd_parser(struct mtd_part_parser *p, struct module *owner)
469 {
470 	p->owner = owner;
471 
472 	if (!p->cleanup)
473 		p->cleanup = &mtd_part_parser_cleanup_default;
474 
475 	spin_lock(&part_parser_lock);
476 	list_add(&p->list, &part_parsers);
477 	spin_unlock(&part_parser_lock);
478 
479 	return 0;
480 }
481 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__register_mtd_parser);
482 
483 void deregister_mtd_parser(struct mtd_part_parser *p)
484 {
485 	spin_lock(&part_parser_lock);
486 	list_del(&p->list);
487 	spin_unlock(&part_parser_lock);
488 }
489 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(deregister_mtd_parser);
490 
491 /*
492  * Do not forget to update 'parse_mtd_partitions()' kerneldoc comment if you
493  * are changing this array!
494  */
495 static const char * const default_mtd_part_types[] = {
496 	"cmdlinepart",
497 	"ofpart",
498 	NULL
499 };
500 
501 /* Check DT only when looking for subpartitions. */
502 static const char * const default_subpartition_types[] = {
503 	"ofpart",
504 	NULL
505 };
506 
507 static int mtd_part_do_parse(struct mtd_part_parser *parser,
508 			     struct mtd_info *master,
509 			     struct mtd_partitions *pparts,
510 			     struct mtd_part_parser_data *data)
511 {
512 	int ret;
513 
514 	ret = (*parser->parse_fn)(master, &pparts->parts, data);
515 	pr_debug("%s: parser %s: %i\n", master->name, parser->name, ret);
516 	if (ret <= 0)
517 		return ret;
518 
519 	pr_notice("%d %s partitions found on MTD device %s\n", ret,
520 		  parser->name, master->name);
521 
522 	pparts->nr_parts = ret;
523 	pparts->parser = parser;
524 
525 	return ret;
526 }
527 
528 /**
529  * mtd_part_get_compatible_parser - find MTD parser by a compatible string
530  *
531  * @compat: compatible string describing partitions in a device tree
532  *
533  * MTD parsers can specify supported partitions by providing a table of
534  * compatibility strings. This function finds a parser that advertises support
535  * for a passed value of "compatible".
536  */
537 static struct mtd_part_parser *mtd_part_get_compatible_parser(const char *compat)
538 {
539 	struct mtd_part_parser *p, *ret = NULL;
540 
541 	spin_lock(&part_parser_lock);
542 
543 	list_for_each_entry(p, &part_parsers, list) {
544 		const struct of_device_id *matches;
545 
546 		matches = p->of_match_table;
547 		if (!matches)
548 			continue;
549 
550 		for (; matches->compatible[0]; matches++) {
551 			if (!strcmp(matches->compatible, compat) &&
552 			    try_module_get(p->owner)) {
553 				ret = p;
554 				break;
555 			}
556 		}
557 
558 		if (ret)
559 			break;
560 	}
561 
562 	spin_unlock(&part_parser_lock);
563 
564 	return ret;
565 }
566 
567 static int mtd_part_of_parse(struct mtd_info *master,
568 			     struct mtd_partitions *pparts)
569 {
570 	struct mtd_part_parser *parser;
571 	struct device_node *np;
572 	struct property *prop;
573 	const char *compat;
574 	const char *fixed = "fixed-partitions";
575 	int ret, err = 0;
576 
577 	np = mtd_get_of_node(master);
578 	if (mtd_is_partition(master))
579 		of_node_get(np);
580 	else
581 		np = of_get_child_by_name(np, "partitions");
582 
583 	of_property_for_each_string(np, "compatible", prop, compat) {
584 		parser = mtd_part_get_compatible_parser(compat);
585 		if (!parser)
586 			continue;
587 		ret = mtd_part_do_parse(parser, master, pparts, NULL);
588 		if (ret > 0) {
589 			of_node_put(np);
590 			return ret;
591 		}
592 		mtd_part_parser_put(parser);
593 		if (ret < 0 && !err)
594 			err = ret;
595 	}
596 	of_node_put(np);
597 
598 	/*
599 	 * For backward compatibility we have to try the "fixed-partitions"
600 	 * parser. It supports old DT format with partitions specified as a
601 	 * direct subnodes of a flash device DT node without any compatibility
602 	 * specified we could match.
603 	 */
604 	parser = mtd_part_parser_get(fixed);
605 	if (!parser && !request_module("%s", fixed))
606 		parser = mtd_part_parser_get(fixed);
607 	if (parser) {
608 		ret = mtd_part_do_parse(parser, master, pparts, NULL);
609 		if (ret > 0)
610 			return ret;
611 		mtd_part_parser_put(parser);
612 		if (ret < 0 && !err)
613 			err = ret;
614 	}
615 
616 	return err;
617 }
618 
619 /**
620  * parse_mtd_partitions - parse and register MTD partitions
621  *
622  * @master: the master partition (describes whole MTD device)
623  * @types: names of partition parsers to try or %NULL
624  * @data: MTD partition parser-specific data
625  *
626  * This function tries to find & register partitions on MTD device @master. It
627  * uses MTD partition parsers, specified in @types. However, if @types is %NULL,
628  * then the default list of parsers is used. The default list contains only the
629  * "cmdlinepart" and "ofpart" parsers ATM.
630  * Note: If there are more then one parser in @types, the kernel only takes the
631  * partitions parsed out by the first parser.
632  *
633  * This function may return:
634  * o a negative error code in case of failure
635  * o number of found partitions otherwise
636  */
637 int parse_mtd_partitions(struct mtd_info *master, const char *const *types,
638 			 struct mtd_part_parser_data *data)
639 {
640 	struct mtd_partitions pparts = { };
641 	struct mtd_part_parser *parser;
642 	int ret, err = 0;
643 
644 	if (!types)
645 		types = mtd_is_partition(master) ? default_subpartition_types :
646 			default_mtd_part_types;
647 
648 	for ( ; *types; types++) {
649 		/*
650 		 * ofpart is a special type that means OF partitioning info
651 		 * should be used. It requires a bit different logic so it is
652 		 * handled in a separated function.
653 		 */
654 		if (!strcmp(*types, "ofpart")) {
655 			ret = mtd_part_of_parse(master, &pparts);
656 		} else {
657 			pr_debug("%s: parsing partitions %s\n", master->name,
658 				 *types);
659 			parser = mtd_part_parser_get(*types);
660 			if (!parser && !request_module("%s", *types))
661 				parser = mtd_part_parser_get(*types);
662 			pr_debug("%s: got parser %s\n", master->name,
663 				parser ? parser->name : NULL);
664 			if (!parser)
665 				continue;
666 			ret = mtd_part_do_parse(parser, master, &pparts, data);
667 			if (ret <= 0)
668 				mtd_part_parser_put(parser);
669 		}
670 		/* Found partitions! */
671 		if (ret > 0) {
672 			err = add_mtd_partitions(master, pparts.parts,
673 						 pparts.nr_parts);
674 			mtd_part_parser_cleanup(&pparts);
675 			return err ? err : pparts.nr_parts;
676 		}
677 		/*
678 		 * Stash the first error we see; only report it if no parser
679 		 * succeeds
680 		 */
681 		if (ret < 0 && !err)
682 			err = ret;
683 	}
684 	return err;
685 }
686 
687 void mtd_part_parser_cleanup(struct mtd_partitions *parts)
688 {
689 	const struct mtd_part_parser *parser;
690 
691 	if (!parts)
692 		return;
693 
694 	parser = parts->parser;
695 	if (parser) {
696 		if (parser->cleanup)
697 			parser->cleanup(parts->parts, parts->nr_parts);
698 
699 		mtd_part_parser_put(parser);
700 	}
701 }
702 
703 /* Returns the size of the entire flash chip */
704 uint64_t mtd_get_device_size(const struct mtd_info *mtd)
705 {
706 	struct mtd_info *master = mtd_get_master((struct mtd_info *)mtd);
707 
708 	return master->size;
709 }
710 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(mtd_get_device_size);
711