xref: /linux/drivers/mtd/mtdoops.c (revision c532de5a67a70f8533d495f8f2aaa9a0491c3ad0)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /*
3  * MTD Oops/Panic logger
4  *
5  * Copyright © 2007 Nokia Corporation. All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Author: Richard Purdie <rpurdie@openedhand.com>
8  */
9 
10 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
11 
12 #include <linux/kernel.h>
13 #include <linux/module.h>
14 #include <linux/console.h>
15 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
16 #include <linux/workqueue.h>
17 #include <linux/sched.h>
18 #include <linux/wait.h>
19 #include <linux/delay.h>
20 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
21 #include <linux/timekeeping.h>
22 #include <linux/mtd/mtd.h>
23 #include <linux/kmsg_dump.h>
24 
25 /* Maximum MTD partition size */
26 #define MTDOOPS_MAX_MTD_SIZE (8 * 1024 * 1024)
27 
28 static unsigned long record_size = 4096;
29 module_param(record_size, ulong, 0400);
30 MODULE_PARM_DESC(record_size,
31 		"record size for MTD OOPS pages in bytes (default 4096)");
32 
33 static char mtddev[80];
34 module_param_string(mtddev, mtddev, 80, 0400);
35 MODULE_PARM_DESC(mtddev,
36 		"name or index number of the MTD device to use");
37 
38 static int dump_oops = 1;
39 module_param(dump_oops, int, 0600);
40 MODULE_PARM_DESC(dump_oops,
41 		"set to 1 to dump oopses, 0 to only dump panics (default 1)");
42 
43 #define MTDOOPS_KERNMSG_MAGIC_v1 0x5d005d00  /* Original */
44 #define MTDOOPS_KERNMSG_MAGIC_v2 0x5d005e00  /* Adds the timestamp */
45 
46 struct mtdoops_hdr {
47 	u32 seq;
48 	u32 magic;
49 	ktime_t timestamp;
50 } __packed;
51 
52 static struct mtdoops_context {
53 	struct kmsg_dumper dump;
54 
55 	int mtd_index;
56 	struct work_struct work_erase;
57 	struct work_struct work_write;
58 	struct mtd_info *mtd;
59 	int oops_pages;
60 	int nextpage;
61 	int nextcount;
62 	unsigned long *oops_page_used;
63 
64 	unsigned long oops_buf_busy;
65 	void *oops_buf;
66 } oops_cxt;
67 
68 static void mark_page_used(struct mtdoops_context *cxt, int page)
69 {
70 	set_bit(page, cxt->oops_page_used);
71 }
72 
73 static void mark_page_unused(struct mtdoops_context *cxt, int page)
74 {
75 	clear_bit(page, cxt->oops_page_used);
76 }
77 
78 static int page_is_used(struct mtdoops_context *cxt, int page)
79 {
80 	return test_bit(page, cxt->oops_page_used);
81 }
82 
83 static int mtdoops_erase_block(struct mtdoops_context *cxt, int offset)
84 {
85 	struct mtd_info *mtd = cxt->mtd;
86 	u32 start_page_offset = mtd_div_by_eb(offset, mtd) * mtd->erasesize;
87 	u32 start_page = start_page_offset / record_size;
88 	u32 erase_pages = mtd->erasesize / record_size;
89 	struct erase_info erase;
90 	int ret;
91 	int page;
92 
93 	erase.addr = offset;
94 	erase.len = mtd->erasesize;
95 
96 	ret = mtd_erase(mtd, &erase);
97 	if (ret) {
98 		pr_warn("erase of region [0x%llx, 0x%llx] on \"%s\" failed\n",
99 			(unsigned long long)erase.addr,
100 			(unsigned long long)erase.len, mtddev);
101 		return ret;
102 	}
103 
104 	/* Mark pages as unused */
105 	for (page = start_page; page < start_page + erase_pages; page++)
106 		mark_page_unused(cxt, page);
107 
108 	return 0;
109 }
110 
111 static void mtdoops_erase(struct mtdoops_context *cxt)
112 {
113 	struct mtd_info *mtd = cxt->mtd;
114 	int i = 0, j, ret, mod;
115 
116 	/* We were unregistered */
117 	if (!mtd)
118 		return;
119 
120 	mod = (cxt->nextpage * record_size) % mtd->erasesize;
121 	if (mod != 0) {
122 		cxt->nextpage = cxt->nextpage + ((mtd->erasesize - mod) / record_size);
123 		if (cxt->nextpage >= cxt->oops_pages)
124 			cxt->nextpage = 0;
125 	}
126 
127 	while ((ret = mtd_block_isbad(mtd, cxt->nextpage * record_size)) > 0) {
128 badblock:
129 		pr_warn("bad block at %08lx\n",
130 			cxt->nextpage * record_size);
131 		i++;
132 		cxt->nextpage = cxt->nextpage + (mtd->erasesize / record_size);
133 		if (cxt->nextpage >= cxt->oops_pages)
134 			cxt->nextpage = 0;
135 		if (i == cxt->oops_pages / (mtd->erasesize / record_size)) {
136 			pr_err("all blocks bad!\n");
137 			return;
138 		}
139 	}
140 
141 	if (ret < 0) {
142 		pr_err("mtd_block_isbad failed, aborting\n");
143 		return;
144 	}
145 
146 	for (j = 0, ret = -1; (j < 3) && (ret < 0); j++)
147 		ret = mtdoops_erase_block(cxt, cxt->nextpage * record_size);
148 
149 	if (ret >= 0) {
150 		pr_debug("ready %d, %d\n",
151 			 cxt->nextpage, cxt->nextcount);
152 		return;
153 	}
154 
155 	if (ret == -EIO) {
156 		ret = mtd_block_markbad(mtd, cxt->nextpage * record_size);
157 		if (ret < 0 && ret != -EOPNOTSUPP) {
158 			pr_err("block_markbad failed, aborting\n");
159 			return;
160 		}
161 	}
162 	goto badblock;
163 }
164 
165 /* Scheduled work - when we can't proceed without erasing a block */
166 static void mtdoops_workfunc_erase(struct work_struct *work)
167 {
168 	struct mtdoops_context *cxt =
169 			container_of(work, struct mtdoops_context, work_erase);
170 	mtdoops_erase(cxt);
171 }
172 
173 static void mtdoops_inc_counter(struct mtdoops_context *cxt, int panic)
174 {
175 	cxt->nextpage++;
176 	if (cxt->nextpage >= cxt->oops_pages)
177 		cxt->nextpage = 0;
178 	cxt->nextcount++;
179 	if (cxt->nextcount == 0xffffffff)
180 		cxt->nextcount = 0;
181 
182 	if (page_is_used(cxt, cxt->nextpage)) {
183 		pr_debug("not ready %d, %d (erase %s)\n",
184 			 cxt->nextpage, cxt->nextcount,
185 			 panic ? "immediately" : "scheduled");
186 		if (panic) {
187 			/* In case of panic, erase immediately */
188 			mtdoops_erase(cxt);
189 		} else {
190 			/* Otherwise, schedule work to erase it "nicely" */
191 			schedule_work(&cxt->work_erase);
192 		}
193 	} else {
194 		pr_debug("ready %d, %d (no erase)\n",
195 			 cxt->nextpage, cxt->nextcount);
196 	}
197 }
198 
199 static void mtdoops_write(struct mtdoops_context *cxt, int panic)
200 {
201 	struct mtd_info *mtd = cxt->mtd;
202 	size_t retlen;
203 	struct mtdoops_hdr *hdr;
204 	int ret;
205 
206 	if (test_and_set_bit(0, &cxt->oops_buf_busy))
207 		return;
208 
209 	/* Add mtdoops header to the buffer */
210 	hdr = (struct mtdoops_hdr *)cxt->oops_buf;
211 	hdr->seq = cxt->nextcount;
212 	hdr->magic = MTDOOPS_KERNMSG_MAGIC_v2;
213 	hdr->timestamp = ktime_get_real();
214 
215 	if (panic) {
216 		ret = mtd_panic_write(mtd, cxt->nextpage * record_size,
217 				      record_size, &retlen, cxt->oops_buf);
218 		if (ret == -EOPNOTSUPP) {
219 			pr_err("Cannot write from panic without panic_write\n");
220 			goto out;
221 		}
222 	} else
223 		ret = mtd_write(mtd, cxt->nextpage * record_size,
224 				record_size, &retlen, cxt->oops_buf);
225 
226 	if (retlen != record_size || ret < 0)
227 		pr_err("write failure at %ld (%td of %ld written), error %d\n",
228 		       cxt->nextpage * record_size, retlen, record_size, ret);
229 	mark_page_used(cxt, cxt->nextpage);
230 	memset(cxt->oops_buf, 0xff, record_size);
231 
232 	mtdoops_inc_counter(cxt, panic);
233 out:
234 	clear_bit(0, &cxt->oops_buf_busy);
235 }
236 
237 static void mtdoops_workfunc_write(struct work_struct *work)
238 {
239 	struct mtdoops_context *cxt =
240 			container_of(work, struct mtdoops_context, work_write);
241 
242 	mtdoops_write(cxt, 0);
243 }
244 
245 static void find_next_position(struct mtdoops_context *cxt)
246 {
247 	struct mtd_info *mtd = cxt->mtd;
248 	struct mtdoops_hdr hdr;
249 	int ret, page, maxpos = 0;
250 	u32 maxcount = 0xffffffff;
251 	size_t retlen;
252 
253 	for (page = 0; page < cxt->oops_pages; page++) {
254 		if (mtd_block_isbad(mtd, page * record_size))
255 			continue;
256 		/* Assume the page is used */
257 		mark_page_used(cxt, page);
258 		ret = mtd_read(mtd, page * record_size, sizeof(hdr),
259 			       &retlen, (u_char *)&hdr);
260 		if (retlen != sizeof(hdr) ||
261 				(ret < 0 && !mtd_is_bitflip(ret))) {
262 			pr_err("read failure at %ld (%zu of %zu read), err %d\n",
263 			       page * record_size, retlen, sizeof(hdr), ret);
264 			continue;
265 		}
266 
267 		if (hdr.seq == 0xffffffff && hdr.magic == 0xffffffff)
268 			mark_page_unused(cxt, page);
269 		if (hdr.seq == 0xffffffff ||
270 		    (hdr.magic != MTDOOPS_KERNMSG_MAGIC_v1 &&
271 		     hdr.magic != MTDOOPS_KERNMSG_MAGIC_v2))
272 			continue;
273 		if (maxcount == 0xffffffff) {
274 			maxcount = hdr.seq;
275 			maxpos = page;
276 		} else if (hdr.seq < 0x40000000 && maxcount > 0xc0000000) {
277 			maxcount = hdr.seq;
278 			maxpos = page;
279 		} else if (hdr.seq > maxcount && hdr.seq < 0xc0000000) {
280 			maxcount = hdr.seq;
281 			maxpos = page;
282 		} else if (hdr.seq > maxcount && hdr.seq > 0xc0000000
283 					&& maxcount > 0x80000000) {
284 			maxcount = hdr.seq;
285 			maxpos = page;
286 		}
287 	}
288 	if (maxcount == 0xffffffff) {
289 		cxt->nextpage = cxt->oops_pages - 1;
290 		cxt->nextcount = 0;
291 	}
292 	else {
293 		cxt->nextpage = maxpos;
294 		cxt->nextcount = maxcount;
295 	}
296 
297 	mtdoops_inc_counter(cxt, 0);
298 }
299 
300 static void mtdoops_do_dump(struct kmsg_dumper *dumper,
301 			    struct kmsg_dump_detail *detail)
302 {
303 	struct mtdoops_context *cxt = container_of(dumper,
304 			struct mtdoops_context, dump);
305 	struct kmsg_dump_iter iter;
306 
307 	/* Only dump oopses if dump_oops is set */
308 	if (detail->reason == KMSG_DUMP_OOPS && !dump_oops)
309 		return;
310 
311 	kmsg_dump_rewind(&iter);
312 
313 	if (test_and_set_bit(0, &cxt->oops_buf_busy))
314 		return;
315 	kmsg_dump_get_buffer(&iter, true,
316 			     cxt->oops_buf + sizeof(struct mtdoops_hdr),
317 			     record_size - sizeof(struct mtdoops_hdr), NULL);
318 	clear_bit(0, &cxt->oops_buf_busy);
319 
320 	if (detail->reason != KMSG_DUMP_OOPS) {
321 		/* Panics must be written immediately */
322 		mtdoops_write(cxt, 1);
323 	} else {
324 		/* For other cases, schedule work to write it "nicely" */
325 		schedule_work(&cxt->work_write);
326 	}
327 }
328 
329 static void mtdoops_notify_add(struct mtd_info *mtd)
330 {
331 	struct mtdoops_context *cxt = &oops_cxt;
332 	u64 mtdoops_pages = div_u64(mtd->size, record_size);
333 	int err;
334 
335 	if (!strcmp(mtd->name, mtddev))
336 		cxt->mtd_index = mtd->index;
337 
338 	if (mtd->index != cxt->mtd_index || cxt->mtd_index < 0)
339 		return;
340 
341 	if (mtd->size < mtd->erasesize * 2) {
342 		pr_err("MTD partition %d not big enough for mtdoops\n",
343 		       mtd->index);
344 		return;
345 	}
346 	if (mtd->erasesize < record_size) {
347 		pr_err("eraseblock size of MTD partition %d too small\n",
348 		       mtd->index);
349 		return;
350 	}
351 	if (mtd->size > MTDOOPS_MAX_MTD_SIZE) {
352 		pr_err("mtd%d is too large (limit is %d MiB)\n",
353 		       mtd->index, MTDOOPS_MAX_MTD_SIZE / 1024 / 1024);
354 		return;
355 	}
356 
357 	/* oops_page_used is a bit field */
358 	cxt->oops_page_used =
359 		vmalloc(array_size(sizeof(unsigned long),
360 				   DIV_ROUND_UP(mtdoops_pages,
361 						BITS_PER_LONG)));
362 	if (!cxt->oops_page_used) {
363 		pr_err("could not allocate page array\n");
364 		return;
365 	}
366 
367 	cxt->dump.max_reason = KMSG_DUMP_OOPS;
368 	cxt->dump.dump = mtdoops_do_dump;
369 	err = kmsg_dump_register(&cxt->dump);
370 	if (err) {
371 		pr_err("registering kmsg dumper failed, error %d\n", err);
372 		vfree(cxt->oops_page_used);
373 		cxt->oops_page_used = NULL;
374 		return;
375 	}
376 
377 	cxt->mtd = mtd;
378 	cxt->oops_pages = (int)mtd->size / record_size;
379 	find_next_position(cxt);
380 	pr_info("Attached to MTD device %d\n", mtd->index);
381 }
382 
383 static void mtdoops_notify_remove(struct mtd_info *mtd)
384 {
385 	struct mtdoops_context *cxt = &oops_cxt;
386 
387 	if (mtd->index != cxt->mtd_index || cxt->mtd_index < 0)
388 		return;
389 
390 	if (kmsg_dump_unregister(&cxt->dump) < 0)
391 		pr_warn("could not unregister kmsg_dumper\n");
392 
393 	cxt->mtd = NULL;
394 	flush_work(&cxt->work_erase);
395 	flush_work(&cxt->work_write);
396 }
397 
398 
399 static struct mtd_notifier mtdoops_notifier = {
400 	.add	= mtdoops_notify_add,
401 	.remove	= mtdoops_notify_remove,
402 };
403 
404 static int __init mtdoops_init(void)
405 {
406 	struct mtdoops_context *cxt = &oops_cxt;
407 	int mtd_index;
408 	char *endp;
409 
410 	if (strlen(mtddev) == 0) {
411 		pr_err("mtd device (mtddev=name/number) must be supplied\n");
412 		return -EINVAL;
413 	}
414 	if ((record_size & 4095) != 0) {
415 		pr_err("record_size must be a multiple of 4096\n");
416 		return -EINVAL;
417 	}
418 	if (record_size < 4096) {
419 		pr_err("record_size must be over 4096 bytes\n");
420 		return -EINVAL;
421 	}
422 
423 	/* Setup the MTD device to use */
424 	cxt->mtd_index = -1;
425 	mtd_index = simple_strtoul(mtddev, &endp, 0);
426 	if (*endp == '\0')
427 		cxt->mtd_index = mtd_index;
428 
429 	cxt->oops_buf = vmalloc(record_size);
430 	if (!cxt->oops_buf)
431 		return -ENOMEM;
432 	memset(cxt->oops_buf, 0xff, record_size);
433 	cxt->oops_buf_busy = 0;
434 
435 	INIT_WORK(&cxt->work_erase, mtdoops_workfunc_erase);
436 	INIT_WORK(&cxt->work_write, mtdoops_workfunc_write);
437 
438 	register_mtd_user(&mtdoops_notifier);
439 	return 0;
440 }
441 
442 static void __exit mtdoops_exit(void)
443 {
444 	struct mtdoops_context *cxt = &oops_cxt;
445 
446 	unregister_mtd_user(&mtdoops_notifier);
447 	vfree(cxt->oops_buf);
448 	vfree(cxt->oops_page_used);
449 }
450 
451 
452 module_init(mtdoops_init);
453 module_exit(mtdoops_exit);
454 
455 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
456 MODULE_AUTHOR("Richard Purdie <rpurdie@openedhand.com>");
457 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("MTD Oops/Panic console logger/driver");
458