xref: /linux/drivers/mtd/mtdoops.c (revision 288440de9e5fdb4a3ff73864850f080c1250fc81)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /*
3  * MTD Oops/Panic logger
4  *
5  * Copyright © 2007 Nokia Corporation. All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Author: Richard Purdie <rpurdie@openedhand.com>
8  */
9 
10 #include <linux/kernel.h>
11 #include <linux/module.h>
12 #include <linux/console.h>
13 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
14 #include <linux/workqueue.h>
15 #include <linux/sched.h>
16 #include <linux/wait.h>
17 #include <linux/delay.h>
18 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
19 #include <linux/timekeeping.h>
20 #include <linux/mtd/mtd.h>
21 #include <linux/kmsg_dump.h>
22 
23 /* Maximum MTD partition size */
24 #define MTDOOPS_MAX_MTD_SIZE (8 * 1024 * 1024)
25 
26 static unsigned long record_size = 4096;
27 module_param(record_size, ulong, 0400);
28 MODULE_PARM_DESC(record_size,
29 		"record size for MTD OOPS pages in bytes (default 4096)");
30 
31 static char mtddev[80];
32 module_param_string(mtddev, mtddev, 80, 0400);
33 MODULE_PARM_DESC(mtddev,
34 		"name or index number of the MTD device to use");
35 
36 static int dump_oops = 1;
37 module_param(dump_oops, int, 0600);
38 MODULE_PARM_DESC(dump_oops,
39 		"set to 1 to dump oopses, 0 to only dump panics (default 1)");
40 
41 #define MTDOOPS_KERNMSG_MAGIC_v1 0x5d005d00  /* Original */
42 #define MTDOOPS_KERNMSG_MAGIC_v2 0x5d005e00  /* Adds the timestamp */
43 
44 struct mtdoops_hdr {
45 	u32 seq;
46 	u32 magic;
47 	ktime_t timestamp;
48 } __packed;
49 
50 static struct mtdoops_context {
51 	struct kmsg_dumper dump;
52 
53 	int mtd_index;
54 	struct work_struct work_erase;
55 	struct work_struct work_write;
56 	struct mtd_info *mtd;
57 	int oops_pages;
58 	int nextpage;
59 	int nextcount;
60 	unsigned long *oops_page_used;
61 
62 	unsigned long oops_buf_busy;
63 	void *oops_buf;
64 } oops_cxt;
65 
66 static void mark_page_used(struct mtdoops_context *cxt, int page)
67 {
68 	set_bit(page, cxt->oops_page_used);
69 }
70 
71 static void mark_page_unused(struct mtdoops_context *cxt, int page)
72 {
73 	clear_bit(page, cxt->oops_page_used);
74 }
75 
76 static int page_is_used(struct mtdoops_context *cxt, int page)
77 {
78 	return test_bit(page, cxt->oops_page_used);
79 }
80 
81 static int mtdoops_erase_block(struct mtdoops_context *cxt, int offset)
82 {
83 	struct mtd_info *mtd = cxt->mtd;
84 	u32 start_page_offset = mtd_div_by_eb(offset, mtd) * mtd->erasesize;
85 	u32 start_page = start_page_offset / record_size;
86 	u32 erase_pages = mtd->erasesize / record_size;
87 	struct erase_info erase;
88 	int ret;
89 	int page;
90 
91 	erase.addr = offset;
92 	erase.len = mtd->erasesize;
93 
94 	ret = mtd_erase(mtd, &erase);
95 	if (ret) {
96 		printk(KERN_WARNING "mtdoops: erase of region [0x%llx, 0x%llx] on \"%s\" failed\n",
97 		       (unsigned long long)erase.addr,
98 		       (unsigned long long)erase.len, mtddev);
99 		return ret;
100 	}
101 
102 	/* Mark pages as unused */
103 	for (page = start_page; page < start_page + erase_pages; page++)
104 		mark_page_unused(cxt, page);
105 
106 	return 0;
107 }
108 
109 static void mtdoops_inc_counter(struct mtdoops_context *cxt)
110 {
111 	cxt->nextpage++;
112 	if (cxt->nextpage >= cxt->oops_pages)
113 		cxt->nextpage = 0;
114 	cxt->nextcount++;
115 	if (cxt->nextcount == 0xffffffff)
116 		cxt->nextcount = 0;
117 
118 	if (page_is_used(cxt, cxt->nextpage)) {
119 		schedule_work(&cxt->work_erase);
120 		return;
121 	}
122 
123 	printk(KERN_DEBUG "mtdoops: ready %d, %d (no erase)\n",
124 	       cxt->nextpage, cxt->nextcount);
125 }
126 
127 /* Scheduled work - when we can't proceed without erasing a block */
128 static void mtdoops_workfunc_erase(struct work_struct *work)
129 {
130 	struct mtdoops_context *cxt =
131 			container_of(work, struct mtdoops_context, work_erase);
132 	struct mtd_info *mtd = cxt->mtd;
133 	int i = 0, j, ret, mod;
134 
135 	/* We were unregistered */
136 	if (!mtd)
137 		return;
138 
139 	mod = (cxt->nextpage * record_size) % mtd->erasesize;
140 	if (mod != 0) {
141 		cxt->nextpage = cxt->nextpage + ((mtd->erasesize - mod) / record_size);
142 		if (cxt->nextpage >= cxt->oops_pages)
143 			cxt->nextpage = 0;
144 	}
145 
146 	while ((ret = mtd_block_isbad(mtd, cxt->nextpage * record_size)) > 0) {
147 badblock:
148 		printk(KERN_WARNING "mtdoops: bad block at %08lx\n",
149 		       cxt->nextpage * record_size);
150 		i++;
151 		cxt->nextpage = cxt->nextpage + (mtd->erasesize / record_size);
152 		if (cxt->nextpage >= cxt->oops_pages)
153 			cxt->nextpage = 0;
154 		if (i == cxt->oops_pages / (mtd->erasesize / record_size)) {
155 			printk(KERN_ERR "mtdoops: all blocks bad!\n");
156 			return;
157 		}
158 	}
159 
160 	if (ret < 0) {
161 		printk(KERN_ERR "mtdoops: mtd_block_isbad failed, aborting\n");
162 		return;
163 	}
164 
165 	for (j = 0, ret = -1; (j < 3) && (ret < 0); j++)
166 		ret = mtdoops_erase_block(cxt, cxt->nextpage * record_size);
167 
168 	if (ret >= 0) {
169 		printk(KERN_DEBUG "mtdoops: ready %d, %d\n",
170 		       cxt->nextpage, cxt->nextcount);
171 		return;
172 	}
173 
174 	if (ret == -EIO) {
175 		ret = mtd_block_markbad(mtd, cxt->nextpage * record_size);
176 		if (ret < 0 && ret != -EOPNOTSUPP) {
177 			printk(KERN_ERR "mtdoops: block_markbad failed, aborting\n");
178 			return;
179 		}
180 	}
181 	goto badblock;
182 }
183 
184 static void mtdoops_write(struct mtdoops_context *cxt, int panic)
185 {
186 	struct mtd_info *mtd = cxt->mtd;
187 	size_t retlen;
188 	struct mtdoops_hdr *hdr;
189 	int ret;
190 
191 	if (test_and_set_bit(0, &cxt->oops_buf_busy))
192 		return;
193 
194 	/* Add mtdoops header to the buffer */
195 	hdr = (struct mtdoops_hdr *)cxt->oops_buf;
196 	hdr->seq = cxt->nextcount;
197 	hdr->magic = MTDOOPS_KERNMSG_MAGIC_v2;
198 	hdr->timestamp = ktime_get_real();
199 
200 	if (panic) {
201 		ret = mtd_panic_write(mtd, cxt->nextpage * record_size,
202 				      record_size, &retlen, cxt->oops_buf);
203 		if (ret == -EOPNOTSUPP) {
204 			printk(KERN_ERR "mtdoops: Cannot write from panic without panic_write\n");
205 			goto out;
206 		}
207 	} else
208 		ret = mtd_write(mtd, cxt->nextpage * record_size,
209 				record_size, &retlen, cxt->oops_buf);
210 
211 	if (retlen != record_size || ret < 0)
212 		printk(KERN_ERR "mtdoops: write failure at %ld (%td of %ld written), error %d\n",
213 		       cxt->nextpage * record_size, retlen, record_size, ret);
214 	mark_page_used(cxt, cxt->nextpage);
215 	memset(cxt->oops_buf, 0xff, record_size);
216 
217 	mtdoops_inc_counter(cxt);
218 out:
219 	clear_bit(0, &cxt->oops_buf_busy);
220 }
221 
222 static void mtdoops_workfunc_write(struct work_struct *work)
223 {
224 	struct mtdoops_context *cxt =
225 			container_of(work, struct mtdoops_context, work_write);
226 
227 	mtdoops_write(cxt, 0);
228 }
229 
230 static void find_next_position(struct mtdoops_context *cxt)
231 {
232 	struct mtd_info *mtd = cxt->mtd;
233 	struct mtdoops_hdr hdr;
234 	int ret, page, maxpos = 0;
235 	u32 maxcount = 0xffffffff;
236 	size_t retlen;
237 
238 	for (page = 0; page < cxt->oops_pages; page++) {
239 		if (mtd_block_isbad(mtd, page * record_size))
240 			continue;
241 		/* Assume the page is used */
242 		mark_page_used(cxt, page);
243 		ret = mtd_read(mtd, page * record_size, sizeof(hdr),
244 			       &retlen, (u_char *)&hdr);
245 		if (retlen != sizeof(hdr) ||
246 				(ret < 0 && !mtd_is_bitflip(ret))) {
247 			printk(KERN_ERR "mtdoops: read failure at %ld (%zu of %zu read), err %d\n",
248 			       page * record_size, retlen, sizeof(hdr), ret);
249 			continue;
250 		}
251 
252 		if (hdr.seq == 0xffffffff && hdr.magic == 0xffffffff)
253 			mark_page_unused(cxt, page);
254 		if (hdr.seq == 0xffffffff ||
255 		    (hdr.magic != MTDOOPS_KERNMSG_MAGIC_v1 &&
256 		     hdr.magic != MTDOOPS_KERNMSG_MAGIC_v2))
257 			continue;
258 		if (maxcount == 0xffffffff) {
259 			maxcount = hdr.seq;
260 			maxpos = page;
261 		} else if (hdr.seq < 0x40000000 && maxcount > 0xc0000000) {
262 			maxcount = hdr.seq;
263 			maxpos = page;
264 		} else if (hdr.seq > maxcount && hdr.seq < 0xc0000000) {
265 			maxcount = hdr.seq;
266 			maxpos = page;
267 		} else if (hdr.seq > maxcount && hdr.seq > 0xc0000000
268 					&& maxcount > 0x80000000) {
269 			maxcount = hdr.seq;
270 			maxpos = page;
271 		}
272 	}
273 	if (maxcount == 0xffffffff) {
274 		cxt->nextpage = cxt->oops_pages - 1;
275 		cxt->nextcount = 0;
276 	}
277 	else {
278 		cxt->nextpage = maxpos;
279 		cxt->nextcount = maxcount;
280 	}
281 
282 	mtdoops_inc_counter(cxt);
283 }
284 
285 static void mtdoops_do_dump(struct kmsg_dumper *dumper,
286 			    enum kmsg_dump_reason reason)
287 {
288 	struct mtdoops_context *cxt = container_of(dumper,
289 			struct mtdoops_context, dump);
290 	struct kmsg_dump_iter iter;
291 
292 	/* Only dump oopses if dump_oops is set */
293 	if (reason == KMSG_DUMP_OOPS && !dump_oops)
294 		return;
295 
296 	kmsg_dump_rewind(&iter);
297 
298 	if (test_and_set_bit(0, &cxt->oops_buf_busy))
299 		return;
300 	kmsg_dump_get_buffer(&iter, true,
301 			     cxt->oops_buf + sizeof(struct mtdoops_hdr),
302 			     record_size - sizeof(struct mtdoops_hdr), NULL);
303 	clear_bit(0, &cxt->oops_buf_busy);
304 
305 	if (reason != KMSG_DUMP_OOPS) {
306 		/* Panics must be written immediately */
307 		mtdoops_write(cxt, 1);
308 	} else {
309 		/* For other cases, schedule work to write it "nicely" */
310 		schedule_work(&cxt->work_write);
311 	}
312 }
313 
314 static void mtdoops_notify_add(struct mtd_info *mtd)
315 {
316 	struct mtdoops_context *cxt = &oops_cxt;
317 	u64 mtdoops_pages = div_u64(mtd->size, record_size);
318 	int err;
319 
320 	if (!strcmp(mtd->name, mtddev))
321 		cxt->mtd_index = mtd->index;
322 
323 	if (mtd->index != cxt->mtd_index || cxt->mtd_index < 0)
324 		return;
325 
326 	if (mtd->size < mtd->erasesize * 2) {
327 		printk(KERN_ERR "mtdoops: MTD partition %d not big enough for mtdoops\n",
328 		       mtd->index);
329 		return;
330 	}
331 	if (mtd->erasesize < record_size) {
332 		printk(KERN_ERR "mtdoops: eraseblock size of MTD partition %d too small\n",
333 		       mtd->index);
334 		return;
335 	}
336 	if (mtd->size > MTDOOPS_MAX_MTD_SIZE) {
337 		printk(KERN_ERR "mtdoops: mtd%d is too large (limit is %d MiB)\n",
338 		       mtd->index, MTDOOPS_MAX_MTD_SIZE / 1024 / 1024);
339 		return;
340 	}
341 
342 	/* oops_page_used is a bit field */
343 	cxt->oops_page_used =
344 		vmalloc(array_size(sizeof(unsigned long),
345 				   DIV_ROUND_UP(mtdoops_pages,
346 						BITS_PER_LONG)));
347 	if (!cxt->oops_page_used) {
348 		printk(KERN_ERR "mtdoops: could not allocate page array\n");
349 		return;
350 	}
351 
352 	cxt->dump.max_reason = KMSG_DUMP_OOPS;
353 	cxt->dump.dump = mtdoops_do_dump;
354 	err = kmsg_dump_register(&cxt->dump);
355 	if (err) {
356 		printk(KERN_ERR "mtdoops: registering kmsg dumper failed, error %d\n", err);
357 		vfree(cxt->oops_page_used);
358 		cxt->oops_page_used = NULL;
359 		return;
360 	}
361 
362 	cxt->mtd = mtd;
363 	cxt->oops_pages = (int)mtd->size / record_size;
364 	find_next_position(cxt);
365 	printk(KERN_INFO "mtdoops: Attached to MTD device %d\n", mtd->index);
366 }
367 
368 static void mtdoops_notify_remove(struct mtd_info *mtd)
369 {
370 	struct mtdoops_context *cxt = &oops_cxt;
371 
372 	if (mtd->index != cxt->mtd_index || cxt->mtd_index < 0)
373 		return;
374 
375 	if (kmsg_dump_unregister(&cxt->dump) < 0)
376 		printk(KERN_WARNING "mtdoops: could not unregister kmsg_dumper\n");
377 
378 	cxt->mtd = NULL;
379 	flush_work(&cxt->work_erase);
380 	flush_work(&cxt->work_write);
381 }
382 
383 
384 static struct mtd_notifier mtdoops_notifier = {
385 	.add	= mtdoops_notify_add,
386 	.remove	= mtdoops_notify_remove,
387 };
388 
389 static int __init mtdoops_init(void)
390 {
391 	struct mtdoops_context *cxt = &oops_cxt;
392 	int mtd_index;
393 	char *endp;
394 
395 	if (strlen(mtddev) == 0) {
396 		printk(KERN_ERR "mtdoops: mtd device (mtddev=name/number) must be supplied\n");
397 		return -EINVAL;
398 	}
399 	if ((record_size & 4095) != 0) {
400 		printk(KERN_ERR "mtdoops: record_size must be a multiple of 4096\n");
401 		return -EINVAL;
402 	}
403 	if (record_size < 4096) {
404 		printk(KERN_ERR "mtdoops: record_size must be over 4096 bytes\n");
405 		return -EINVAL;
406 	}
407 
408 	/* Setup the MTD device to use */
409 	cxt->mtd_index = -1;
410 	mtd_index = simple_strtoul(mtddev, &endp, 0);
411 	if (*endp == '\0')
412 		cxt->mtd_index = mtd_index;
413 
414 	cxt->oops_buf = vmalloc(record_size);
415 	if (!cxt->oops_buf)
416 		return -ENOMEM;
417 	memset(cxt->oops_buf, 0xff, record_size);
418 	cxt->oops_buf_busy = 0;
419 
420 	INIT_WORK(&cxt->work_erase, mtdoops_workfunc_erase);
421 	INIT_WORK(&cxt->work_write, mtdoops_workfunc_write);
422 
423 	register_mtd_user(&mtdoops_notifier);
424 	return 0;
425 }
426 
427 static void __exit mtdoops_exit(void)
428 {
429 	struct mtdoops_context *cxt = &oops_cxt;
430 
431 	unregister_mtd_user(&mtdoops_notifier);
432 	vfree(cxt->oops_buf);
433 	vfree(cxt->oops_page_used);
434 }
435 
436 
437 module_init(mtdoops_init);
438 module_exit(mtdoops_exit);
439 
440 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
441 MODULE_AUTHOR("Richard Purdie <rpurdie@openedhand.com>");
442 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("MTD Oops/Panic console logger/driver");
443