xref: /linux/drivers/mmc/core/sd.c (revision aeb3f46252e26acdc60a1a8e31fb1ca6319d9a07)
1 /*
2  *  linux/drivers/mmc/core/sd.c
3  *
4  *  Copyright (C) 2003-2004 Russell King, All Rights Reserved.
5  *  SD support Copyright (C) 2004 Ian Molton, All Rights Reserved.
6  *  Copyright (C) 2005-2007 Pierre Ossman, All Rights Reserved.
7  *
8  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
9  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
10  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
11  */
12 
13 #include <linux/err.h>
14 
15 #include <linux/mmc/host.h>
16 #include <linux/mmc/card.h>
17 #include <linux/mmc/mmc.h>
18 #include <linux/mmc/sd.h>
19 
20 #include "core.h"
21 #include "sysfs.h"
22 #include "bus.h"
23 #include "mmc_ops.h"
24 #include "sd_ops.h"
25 
26 static const unsigned int tran_exp[] = {
27 	10000,		100000,		1000000,	10000000,
28 	0,		0,		0,		0
29 };
30 
31 static const unsigned char tran_mant[] = {
32 	0,	10,	12,	13,	15,	20,	25,	30,
33 	35,	40,	45,	50,	55,	60,	70,	80,
34 };
35 
36 static const unsigned int tacc_exp[] = {
37 	1,	10,	100,	1000,	10000,	100000,	1000000, 10000000,
38 };
39 
40 static const unsigned int tacc_mant[] = {
41 	0,	10,	12,	13,	15,	20,	25,	30,
42 	35,	40,	45,	50,	55,	60,	70,	80,
43 };
44 
45 #define UNSTUFF_BITS(resp,start,size)					\
46 	({								\
47 		const int __size = size;				\
48 		const u32 __mask = (__size < 32 ? 1 << __size : 0) - 1;	\
49 		const int __off = 3 - ((start) / 32);			\
50 		const int __shft = (start) & 31;			\
51 		u32 __res;						\
52 									\
53 		__res = resp[__off] >> __shft;				\
54 		if (__size + __shft > 32)				\
55 			__res |= resp[__off-1] << ((32 - __shft) % 32);	\
56 		__res & __mask;						\
57 	})
58 
59 /*
60  * Given the decoded CSD structure, decode the raw CID to our CID structure.
61  */
62 static void mmc_decode_cid(struct mmc_card *card)
63 {
64 	u32 *resp = card->raw_cid;
65 
66 	memset(&card->cid, 0, sizeof(struct mmc_cid));
67 
68 	/*
69 	 * SD doesn't currently have a version field so we will
70 	 * have to assume we can parse this.
71 	 */
72 	card->cid.manfid		= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 120, 8);
73 	card->cid.oemid			= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 104, 16);
74 	card->cid.prod_name[0]		= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 96, 8);
75 	card->cid.prod_name[1]		= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 88, 8);
76 	card->cid.prod_name[2]		= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 80, 8);
77 	card->cid.prod_name[3]		= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 72, 8);
78 	card->cid.prod_name[4]		= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 64, 8);
79 	card->cid.hwrev			= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 60, 4);
80 	card->cid.fwrev			= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 56, 4);
81 	card->cid.serial		= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 24, 32);
82 	card->cid.year			= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 12, 8);
83 	card->cid.month			= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 8, 4);
84 
85 	card->cid.year += 2000; /* SD cards year offset */
86 }
87 
88 /*
89  * Given a 128-bit response, decode to our card CSD structure.
90  */
91 static int mmc_decode_csd(struct mmc_card *card)
92 {
93 	struct mmc_csd *csd = &card->csd;
94 	unsigned int e, m, csd_struct;
95 	u32 *resp = card->raw_csd;
96 
97 	csd_struct = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 126, 2);
98 
99 	switch (csd_struct) {
100 	case 0:
101 		m = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 115, 4);
102 		e = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 112, 3);
103 		csd->tacc_ns	 = (tacc_exp[e] * tacc_mant[m] + 9) / 10;
104 		csd->tacc_clks	 = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 104, 8) * 100;
105 
106 		m = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 99, 4);
107 		e = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 96, 3);
108 		csd->max_dtr	  = tran_exp[e] * tran_mant[m];
109 		csd->cmdclass	  = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 84, 12);
110 
111 		e = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 47, 3);
112 		m = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 62, 12);
113 		csd->capacity	  = (1 + m) << (e + 2);
114 
115 		csd->read_blkbits = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 80, 4);
116 		csd->read_partial = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 79, 1);
117 		csd->write_misalign = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 78, 1);
118 		csd->read_misalign = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 77, 1);
119 		csd->r2w_factor = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 26, 3);
120 		csd->write_blkbits = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 22, 4);
121 		csd->write_partial = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 21, 1);
122 		break;
123 	case 1:
124 		/*
125 		 * This is a block-addressed SDHC card. Most
126 		 * interesting fields are unused and have fixed
127 		 * values. To avoid getting tripped by buggy cards,
128 		 * we assume those fixed values ourselves.
129 		 */
130 		mmc_card_set_blockaddr(card);
131 
132 		csd->tacc_ns	 = 0; /* Unused */
133 		csd->tacc_clks	 = 0; /* Unused */
134 
135 		m = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 99, 4);
136 		e = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 96, 3);
137 		csd->max_dtr	  = tran_exp[e] * tran_mant[m];
138 		csd->cmdclass	  = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 84, 12);
139 
140 		m = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 48, 22);
141 		csd->capacity     = (1 + m) << 10;
142 
143 		csd->read_blkbits = 9;
144 		csd->read_partial = 0;
145 		csd->write_misalign = 0;
146 		csd->read_misalign = 0;
147 		csd->r2w_factor = 4; /* Unused */
148 		csd->write_blkbits = 9;
149 		csd->write_partial = 0;
150 		break;
151 	default:
152 		printk(KERN_ERR "%s: unrecognised CSD structure version %d\n",
153 			mmc_hostname(card->host), csd_struct);
154 		return -EINVAL;
155 	}
156 
157 	return 0;
158 }
159 
160 /*
161  * Given a 64-bit response, decode to our card SCR structure.
162  */
163 static int mmc_decode_scr(struct mmc_card *card)
164 {
165 	struct sd_scr *scr = &card->scr;
166 	unsigned int scr_struct;
167 	u32 resp[4];
168 
169 	BUG_ON(!mmc_card_sd(card));
170 
171 	resp[3] = card->raw_scr[1];
172 	resp[2] = card->raw_scr[0];
173 
174 	scr_struct = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 60, 4);
175 	if (scr_struct != 0) {
176 		printk(KERN_ERR "%s: unrecognised SCR structure version %d\n",
177 			mmc_hostname(card->host), scr_struct);
178 		return -EINVAL;
179 	}
180 
181 	scr->sda_vsn = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 56, 4);
182 	scr->bus_widths = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 48, 4);
183 
184 	return 0;
185 }
186 
187 /*
188  * Fetches and decodes switch information
189  */
190 static int mmc_read_switch(struct mmc_card *card)
191 {
192 	int err;
193 	u8 *status;
194 
195 	if (card->scr.sda_vsn < SCR_SPEC_VER_1)
196 		return MMC_ERR_NONE;
197 
198 	if (!(card->csd.cmdclass & CCC_SWITCH)) {
199 		printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: card lacks mandatory switch "
200 			"function, performance might suffer.\n",
201 			mmc_hostname(card->host));
202 		return MMC_ERR_NONE;
203 	}
204 
205 	err = MMC_ERR_FAILED;
206 
207 	status = kmalloc(64, GFP_KERNEL);
208 	if (!status) {
209 		printk(KERN_ERR "%s: could not allocate a buffer for "
210 			"switch capabilities.\n", mmc_hostname(card->host));
211 		return err;
212 	}
213 
214 	err = mmc_sd_switch(card, 0, 0, 1, status);
215 	if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
216 		printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: problem reading switch "
217 			"capabilities, performance might suffer.\n",
218 			mmc_hostname(card->host));
219 		err = MMC_ERR_NONE;
220 		goto out;
221 	}
222 
223 	if (status[13] & 0x02)
224 		card->sw_caps.hs_max_dtr = 50000000;
225 
226 out:
227 	kfree(status);
228 
229 	return err;
230 }
231 
232 /*
233  * Test if the card supports high-speed mode and, if so, switch to it.
234  */
235 static int mmc_switch_hs(struct mmc_card *card)
236 {
237 	int err;
238 	u8 *status;
239 
240 	if (card->scr.sda_vsn < SCR_SPEC_VER_1)
241 		return MMC_ERR_NONE;
242 
243 	if (!(card->csd.cmdclass & CCC_SWITCH))
244 		return MMC_ERR_NONE;
245 
246 	if (!(card->host->caps & MMC_CAP_SD_HIGHSPEED))
247 		return MMC_ERR_NONE;
248 
249 	if (card->sw_caps.hs_max_dtr == 0)
250 		return MMC_ERR_NONE;
251 
252 	err = MMC_ERR_FAILED;
253 
254 	status = kmalloc(64, GFP_KERNEL);
255 	if (!status) {
256 		printk(KERN_ERR "%s: could not allocate a buffer for "
257 			"switch capabilities.\n", mmc_hostname(card->host));
258 		return err;
259 	}
260 
261 	err = mmc_sd_switch(card, 1, 0, 1, status);
262 	if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE)
263 		goto out;
264 
265 	if ((status[16] & 0xF) != 1) {
266 		printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: Problem switching card "
267 			"into high-speed mode!\n",
268 			mmc_hostname(card->host));
269 	} else {
270 		mmc_card_set_highspeed(card);
271 		mmc_set_timing(card->host, MMC_TIMING_SD_HS);
272 	}
273 
274 out:
275 	kfree(status);
276 
277 	return err;
278 }
279 
280 /*
281  * Handle the detection and initialisation of a card.
282  *
283  * In the case of a resume, "curcard" will contain the card
284  * we're trying to reinitialise.
285  */
286 static int mmc_sd_init_card(struct mmc_host *host, u32 ocr,
287 	struct mmc_card *oldcard)
288 {
289 	struct mmc_card *card;
290 	int err;
291 	u32 cid[4];
292 	unsigned int max_dtr;
293 
294 	BUG_ON(!host);
295 	BUG_ON(!host->claimed);
296 
297 	/*
298 	 * Since we're changing the OCR value, we seem to
299 	 * need to tell some cards to go back to the idle
300 	 * state.  We wait 1ms to give cards time to
301 	 * respond.
302 	 */
303 	mmc_go_idle(host);
304 
305 	/*
306 	 * If SD_SEND_IF_COND indicates an SD 2.0
307 	 * compliant card and we should set bit 30
308 	 * of the ocr to indicate that we can handle
309 	 * block-addressed SDHC cards.
310 	 */
311 	err = mmc_send_if_cond(host, ocr);
312 	if (err == MMC_ERR_NONE)
313 		ocr |= 1 << 30;
314 
315 	err = mmc_send_app_op_cond(host, ocr, NULL);
316 	if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE)
317 		goto err;
318 
319 	/*
320 	 * Fetch CID from card.
321 	 */
322 	err = mmc_all_send_cid(host, cid);
323 	if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE)
324 		goto err;
325 
326 	if (oldcard) {
327 		if (memcmp(cid, oldcard->raw_cid, sizeof(cid)) != 0)
328 			goto err;
329 
330 		card = oldcard;
331 	} else {
332 		/*
333 		 * Allocate card structure.
334 		 */
335 		card = mmc_alloc_card(host);
336 		if (IS_ERR(card))
337 			goto err;
338 
339 		card->type = MMC_TYPE_SD;
340 		memcpy(card->raw_cid, cid, sizeof(card->raw_cid));
341 	}
342 
343 	/*
344 	 * Set card RCA.
345 	 */
346 	err = mmc_send_relative_addr(host, &card->rca);
347 	if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE)
348 		goto free_card;
349 
350 	mmc_set_bus_mode(host, MMC_BUSMODE_PUSHPULL);
351 
352 	if (!oldcard) {
353 		/*
354 		 * Fetch CSD from card.
355 		 */
356 		err = mmc_send_csd(card, card->raw_csd);
357 		if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE)
358 			goto free_card;
359 
360 		err = mmc_decode_csd(card);
361 		if (err < 0)
362 			goto free_card;
363 
364 		mmc_decode_cid(card);
365 	}
366 
367 	/*
368 	 * Select card, as all following commands rely on that.
369 	 */
370 	err = mmc_select_card(card);
371 	if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE)
372 		goto free_card;
373 
374 	if (!oldcard) {
375 		/*
376 		 * Fetch SCR from card.
377 		 */
378 		err = mmc_app_send_scr(card, card->raw_scr);
379 		if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE)
380 			goto free_card;
381 
382 		err = mmc_decode_scr(card);
383 		if (err < 0)
384 			goto free_card;
385 
386 		/*
387 		 * Fetch switch information from card.
388 		 */
389 		err = mmc_read_switch(card);
390 		if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE)
391 			goto free_card;
392 	}
393 
394 	/*
395 	 * Attempt to change to high-speed (if supported)
396 	 */
397 	err = mmc_switch_hs(card);
398 	if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE)
399 		goto free_card;
400 
401 	/*
402 	 * Compute bus speed.
403 	 */
404 	max_dtr = (unsigned int)-1;
405 
406 	if (mmc_card_highspeed(card)) {
407 		if (max_dtr > card->sw_caps.hs_max_dtr)
408 			max_dtr = card->sw_caps.hs_max_dtr;
409 	} else if (max_dtr > card->csd.max_dtr) {
410 		max_dtr = card->csd.max_dtr;
411 	}
412 
413 	mmc_set_clock(host, max_dtr);
414 
415 	/*
416 	 * Switch to wider bus (if supported).
417 	 */
418 	if ((host->caps & MMC_CAP_4_BIT_DATA) &&
419 		(card->scr.bus_widths & SD_SCR_BUS_WIDTH_4)) {
420 		err = mmc_app_set_bus_width(card, MMC_BUS_WIDTH_4);
421 		if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE)
422 			goto free_card;
423 
424 		mmc_set_bus_width(host, MMC_BUS_WIDTH_4);
425 	}
426 
427 	/*
428 	 * Check if read-only switch is active.
429 	 */
430 	if (!oldcard) {
431 		if (!host->ops->get_ro) {
432 			printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: host does not "
433 				"support reading read-only "
434 				"switch. assuming write-enable.\n",
435 				mmc_hostname(host));
436 		} else {
437 			if (host->ops->get_ro(host))
438 				mmc_card_set_readonly(card);
439 		}
440 	}
441 
442 	if (!oldcard)
443 		host->card = card;
444 
445 	return MMC_ERR_NONE;
446 
447 free_card:
448 	if (!oldcard)
449 		mmc_remove_card(card);
450 err:
451 
452 	return MMC_ERR_FAILED;
453 }
454 
455 /*
456  * Host is being removed. Free up the current card.
457  */
458 static void mmc_sd_remove(struct mmc_host *host)
459 {
460 	BUG_ON(!host);
461 	BUG_ON(!host->card);
462 
463 	mmc_remove_card(host->card);
464 	host->card = NULL;
465 }
466 
467 /*
468  * Card detection callback from host.
469  */
470 static void mmc_sd_detect(struct mmc_host *host)
471 {
472 	int err;
473 
474 	BUG_ON(!host);
475 	BUG_ON(!host->card);
476 
477 	mmc_claim_host(host);
478 
479 	/*
480 	 * Just check if our card has been removed.
481 	 */
482 	err = mmc_send_status(host->card, NULL);
483 
484 	mmc_release_host(host);
485 
486 	if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
487 		mmc_sd_remove(host);
488 
489 		mmc_claim_host(host);
490 		mmc_detach_bus(host);
491 		mmc_release_host(host);
492 	}
493 }
494 
495 MMC_ATTR_FN(cid, "%08x%08x%08x%08x\n", card->raw_cid[0], card->raw_cid[1],
496 	card->raw_cid[2], card->raw_cid[3]);
497 MMC_ATTR_FN(csd, "%08x%08x%08x%08x\n", card->raw_csd[0], card->raw_csd[1],
498 	card->raw_csd[2], card->raw_csd[3]);
499 MMC_ATTR_FN(scr, "%08x%08x\n", card->raw_scr[0], card->raw_scr[1]);
500 MMC_ATTR_FN(date, "%02d/%04d\n", card->cid.month, card->cid.year);
501 MMC_ATTR_FN(fwrev, "0x%x\n", card->cid.fwrev);
502 MMC_ATTR_FN(hwrev, "0x%x\n", card->cid.hwrev);
503 MMC_ATTR_FN(manfid, "0x%06x\n", card->cid.manfid);
504 MMC_ATTR_FN(name, "%s\n", card->cid.prod_name);
505 MMC_ATTR_FN(oemid, "0x%04x\n", card->cid.oemid);
506 MMC_ATTR_FN(serial, "0x%08x\n", card->cid.serial);
507 
508 static struct device_attribute mmc_sd_dev_attrs[] = {
509 	MMC_ATTR_RO(cid),
510 	MMC_ATTR_RO(csd),
511 	MMC_ATTR_RO(scr),
512 	MMC_ATTR_RO(date),
513 	MMC_ATTR_RO(fwrev),
514 	MMC_ATTR_RO(hwrev),
515 	MMC_ATTR_RO(manfid),
516 	MMC_ATTR_RO(name),
517 	MMC_ATTR_RO(oemid),
518 	MMC_ATTR_RO(serial),
519 	__ATTR_NULL,
520 };
521 
522 /*
523  * Adds sysfs entries as relevant.
524  */
525 static int mmc_sd_sysfs_add(struct mmc_host *host, struct mmc_card *card)
526 {
527 	int ret;
528 
529 	ret = mmc_add_attrs(card, mmc_sd_dev_attrs);
530 	if (ret < 0)
531 		return ret;
532 
533 	return 0;
534 }
535 
536 /*
537  * Removes the sysfs entries added by mmc_sysfs_add().
538  */
539 static void mmc_sd_sysfs_remove(struct mmc_host *host, struct mmc_card *card)
540 {
541 	mmc_remove_attrs(card, mmc_sd_dev_attrs);
542 }
543 
544 #ifdef CONFIG_MMC_UNSAFE_RESUME
545 
546 /*
547  * Suspend callback from host.
548  */
549 static void mmc_sd_suspend(struct mmc_host *host)
550 {
551 	BUG_ON(!host);
552 	BUG_ON(!host->card);
553 
554 	mmc_claim_host(host);
555 	mmc_deselect_cards(host);
556 	host->card->state &= ~MMC_STATE_HIGHSPEED;
557 	mmc_release_host(host);
558 }
559 
560 /*
561  * Resume callback from host.
562  *
563  * This function tries to determine if the same card is still present
564  * and, if so, restore all state to it.
565  */
566 static void mmc_sd_resume(struct mmc_host *host)
567 {
568 	int err;
569 
570 	BUG_ON(!host);
571 	BUG_ON(!host->card);
572 
573 	mmc_claim_host(host);
574 	err = mmc_sd_init_card(host, host->ocr, host->card);
575 	mmc_release_host(host);
576 
577 	if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
578 		mmc_sd_remove(host);
579 
580 		mmc_claim_host(host);
581 		mmc_detach_bus(host);
582 		mmc_release_host(host);
583 	}
584 
585 }
586 
587 #else
588 
589 #define mmc_sd_suspend NULL
590 #define mmc_sd_resume NULL
591 
592 #endif
593 
594 static const struct mmc_bus_ops mmc_sd_ops = {
595 	.remove = mmc_sd_remove,
596 	.detect = mmc_sd_detect,
597 	.sysfs_add = mmc_sd_sysfs_add,
598 	.sysfs_remove = mmc_sd_sysfs_remove,
599 	.suspend = mmc_sd_suspend,
600 	.resume = mmc_sd_resume,
601 };
602 
603 /*
604  * Starting point for SD card init.
605  */
606 int mmc_attach_sd(struct mmc_host *host, u32 ocr)
607 {
608 	int err;
609 
610 	BUG_ON(!host);
611 	BUG_ON(!host->claimed);
612 
613 	mmc_attach_bus(host, &mmc_sd_ops);
614 
615 	/*
616 	 * Sanity check the voltages that the card claims to
617 	 * support.
618 	 */
619 	if (ocr & 0x7F) {
620 		printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: card claims to support voltages "
621 		       "below the defined range. These will be ignored.\n",
622 		       mmc_hostname(host));
623 		ocr &= ~0x7F;
624 	}
625 
626 	if (ocr & MMC_VDD_165_195) {
627 		printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: SD card claims to support the "
628 		       "incompletely defined 'low voltage range'. This "
629 		       "will be ignored.\n", mmc_hostname(host));
630 		ocr &= ~MMC_VDD_165_195;
631 	}
632 
633 	host->ocr = mmc_select_voltage(host, ocr);
634 
635 	/*
636 	 * Can we support the voltage(s) of the card(s)?
637 	 */
638 	if (!host->ocr) {
639 		err = -EINVAL;
640 		goto err;
641 	}
642 
643 	/*
644 	 * Detect and init the card.
645 	 */
646 	err = mmc_sd_init_card(host, host->ocr, NULL);
647 	if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE)
648 		goto err;
649 
650 	mmc_release_host(host);
651 
652 	err = mmc_add_card(host->card);
653 	if (err)
654 		goto remove_card;
655 
656 	return 0;
657 
658 remove_card:
659 	mmc_remove_card(host->card);
660 	host->card = NULL;
661 	mmc_claim_host(host);
662 err:
663 	mmc_detach_bus(host);
664 	mmc_release_host(host);
665 
666 	printk(KERN_ERR "%s: error %d whilst initialising SD card\n",
667 		mmc_hostname(host), err);
668 
669 	return 0;
670 }
671 
672