xref: /linux/drivers/mmc/core/sd.c (revision 96532151ff3567154cac92983b9edc3138fa097c)
1 /*
2  *  linux/drivers/mmc/sd.c
3  *
4  *  Copyright (C) 2003-2004 Russell King, All Rights Reserved.
5  *  SD support Copyright (C) 2004 Ian Molton, All Rights Reserved.
6  *  Copyright (C) 2005-2007 Pierre Ossman, All Rights Reserved.
7  *
8  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
9  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
10  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
11  */
12 
13 #include <linux/err.h>
14 
15 #include <linux/mmc/host.h>
16 #include <linux/mmc/card.h>
17 #include <linux/mmc/mmc.h>
18 #include <linux/mmc/sd.h>
19 
20 #include "core.h"
21 #include "sysfs.h"
22 #include "bus.h"
23 #include "mmc_ops.h"
24 #include "sd_ops.h"
25 
26 static const unsigned int tran_exp[] = {
27 	10000,		100000,		1000000,	10000000,
28 	0,		0,		0,		0
29 };
30 
31 static const unsigned char tran_mant[] = {
32 	0,	10,	12,	13,	15,	20,	25,	30,
33 	35,	40,	45,	50,	55,	60,	70,	80,
34 };
35 
36 static const unsigned int tacc_exp[] = {
37 	1,	10,	100,	1000,	10000,	100000,	1000000, 10000000,
38 };
39 
40 static const unsigned int tacc_mant[] = {
41 	0,	10,	12,	13,	15,	20,	25,	30,
42 	35,	40,	45,	50,	55,	60,	70,	80,
43 };
44 
45 #define UNSTUFF_BITS(resp,start,size)					\
46 	({								\
47 		const int __size = size;				\
48 		const u32 __mask = (__size < 32 ? 1 << __size : 0) - 1;	\
49 		const int __off = 3 - ((start) / 32);			\
50 		const int __shft = (start) & 31;			\
51 		u32 __res;						\
52 									\
53 		__res = resp[__off] >> __shft;				\
54 		if (__size + __shft > 32)				\
55 			__res |= resp[__off-1] << ((32 - __shft) % 32);	\
56 		__res & __mask;						\
57 	})
58 
59 /*
60  * Given the decoded CSD structure, decode the raw CID to our CID structure.
61  */
62 static void mmc_decode_cid(struct mmc_card *card)
63 {
64 	u32 *resp = card->raw_cid;
65 
66 	memset(&card->cid, 0, sizeof(struct mmc_cid));
67 
68 	/*
69 	 * SD doesn't currently have a version field so we will
70 	 * have to assume we can parse this.
71 	 */
72 	card->cid.manfid		= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 120, 8);
73 	card->cid.oemid			= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 104, 16);
74 	card->cid.prod_name[0]		= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 96, 8);
75 	card->cid.prod_name[1]		= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 88, 8);
76 	card->cid.prod_name[2]		= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 80, 8);
77 	card->cid.prod_name[3]		= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 72, 8);
78 	card->cid.prod_name[4]		= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 64, 8);
79 	card->cid.hwrev			= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 60, 4);
80 	card->cid.fwrev			= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 56, 4);
81 	card->cid.serial		= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 24, 32);
82 	card->cid.year			= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 12, 8);
83 	card->cid.month			= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 8, 4);
84 
85 	card->cid.year += 2000; /* SD cards year offset */
86 }
87 
88 /*
89  * Given a 128-bit response, decode to our card CSD structure.
90  */
91 static int mmc_decode_csd(struct mmc_card *card)
92 {
93 	struct mmc_csd *csd = &card->csd;
94 	unsigned int e, m, csd_struct;
95 	u32 *resp = card->raw_csd;
96 
97 	csd_struct = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 126, 2);
98 
99 	switch (csd_struct) {
100 	case 0:
101 		m = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 115, 4);
102 		e = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 112, 3);
103 		csd->tacc_ns	 = (tacc_exp[e] * tacc_mant[m] + 9) / 10;
104 		csd->tacc_clks	 = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 104, 8) * 100;
105 
106 		m = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 99, 4);
107 		e = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 96, 3);
108 		csd->max_dtr	  = tran_exp[e] * tran_mant[m];
109 		csd->cmdclass	  = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 84, 12);
110 
111 		e = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 47, 3);
112 		m = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 62, 12);
113 		csd->capacity	  = (1 + m) << (e + 2);
114 
115 		csd->read_blkbits = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 80, 4);
116 		csd->read_partial = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 79, 1);
117 		csd->write_misalign = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 78, 1);
118 		csd->read_misalign = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 77, 1);
119 		csd->r2w_factor = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 26, 3);
120 		csd->write_blkbits = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 22, 4);
121 		csd->write_partial = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 21, 1);
122 		break;
123 	case 1:
124 		/*
125 		 * This is a block-addressed SDHC card. Most
126 		 * interesting fields are unused and have fixed
127 		 * values. To avoid getting tripped by buggy cards,
128 		 * we assume those fixed values ourselves.
129 		 */
130 		mmc_card_set_blockaddr(card);
131 
132 		csd->tacc_ns	 = 0; /* Unused */
133 		csd->tacc_clks	 = 0; /* Unused */
134 
135 		m = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 99, 4);
136 		e = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 96, 3);
137 		csd->max_dtr	  = tran_exp[e] * tran_mant[m];
138 		csd->cmdclass	  = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 84, 12);
139 
140 		m = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 48, 22);
141 		csd->capacity     = (1 + m) << 10;
142 
143 		csd->read_blkbits = 9;
144 		csd->read_partial = 0;
145 		csd->write_misalign = 0;
146 		csd->read_misalign = 0;
147 		csd->r2w_factor = 4; /* Unused */
148 		csd->write_blkbits = 9;
149 		csd->write_partial = 0;
150 		break;
151 	default:
152 		printk("%s: unrecognised CSD structure version %d\n",
153 			mmc_hostname(card->host), csd_struct);
154 		return -EINVAL;
155 	}
156 
157 	return 0;
158 }
159 
160 /*
161  * Given a 64-bit response, decode to our card SCR structure.
162  */
163 static int mmc_decode_scr(struct mmc_card *card)
164 {
165 	struct sd_scr *scr = &card->scr;
166 	unsigned int scr_struct;
167 	u32 resp[4];
168 
169 	BUG_ON(!mmc_card_sd(card));
170 
171 	resp[3] = card->raw_scr[1];
172 	resp[2] = card->raw_scr[0];
173 
174 	scr_struct = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 60, 4);
175 	if (scr_struct != 0) {
176 		printk("%s: unrecognised SCR structure version %d\n",
177 			mmc_hostname(card->host), scr_struct);
178 		return -EINVAL;
179 	}
180 
181 	scr->sda_vsn = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 56, 4);
182 	scr->bus_widths = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 48, 4);
183 
184 	return 0;
185 }
186 
187 /*
188  * Fetches and decodes switch information
189  */
190 static int mmc_read_switch(struct mmc_card *card)
191 {
192 	int err;
193 	u8 *status;
194 
195 	if (card->scr.sda_vsn < SCR_SPEC_VER_1)
196 		return MMC_ERR_NONE;
197 
198 	if (!(card->csd.cmdclass & CCC_SWITCH)) {
199 		printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: card lacks mandatory switch "
200 			"function, performance might suffer.\n",
201 			mmc_hostname(card->host));
202 		return MMC_ERR_NONE;
203 	}
204 
205 	err = MMC_ERR_FAILED;
206 
207 	status = kmalloc(64, GFP_KERNEL);
208 	if (!status) {
209 		printk("%s: could not allocate a buffer for switch "
210 		       "capabilities.\n",
211 			mmc_hostname(card->host));
212 		return err;
213 	}
214 
215 	err = mmc_sd_switch(card, 0, 0, 1, status);
216 	if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
217 		printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: problem reading switch "
218 			"capabilities, performance might suffer.\n",
219 			mmc_hostname(card->host));
220 		err = MMC_ERR_NONE;
221 		goto out;
222 	}
223 
224 	if (status[13] & 0x02)
225 		card->sw_caps.hs_max_dtr = 50000000;
226 
227 out:
228 	kfree(status);
229 
230 	return err;
231 }
232 
233 /*
234  * Test if the card supports high-speed mode and, if so, switch to it.
235  */
236 static int mmc_switch_hs(struct mmc_card *card)
237 {
238 	int err;
239 	u8 *status;
240 
241 	if (card->scr.sda_vsn < SCR_SPEC_VER_1)
242 		return MMC_ERR_NONE;
243 
244 	if (!(card->csd.cmdclass & CCC_SWITCH))
245 		return MMC_ERR_NONE;
246 
247 	if (!(card->host->caps & MMC_CAP_SD_HIGHSPEED))
248 		return MMC_ERR_NONE;
249 
250 	if (card->sw_caps.hs_max_dtr == 0)
251 		return MMC_ERR_NONE;
252 
253 	err = MMC_ERR_FAILED;
254 
255 	status = kmalloc(64, GFP_KERNEL);
256 	if (!status) {
257 		printk("%s: could not allocate a buffer for switch "
258 		       "capabilities.\n",
259 			mmc_hostname(card->host));
260 		return err;
261 	}
262 
263 	err = mmc_sd_switch(card, 1, 0, 1, status);
264 	if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE)
265 		goto out;
266 
267 	if ((status[16] & 0xF) != 1) {
268 		printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: Problem switching card "
269 			"into high-speed mode!\n",
270 			mmc_hostname(card->host));
271 	} else {
272 		mmc_card_set_highspeed(card);
273 		mmc_set_timing(card->host, MMC_TIMING_SD_HS);
274 	}
275 
276 out:
277 	kfree(status);
278 
279 	return err;
280 }
281 
282 /*
283  * Handle the detection and initialisation of a card.
284  *
285  * In the case of a resume, "curcard" will contain the card
286  * we're trying to reinitialise.
287  */
288 static int mmc_sd_init_card(struct mmc_host *host, u32 ocr,
289 	struct mmc_card *oldcard)
290 {
291 	struct mmc_card *card;
292 	int err;
293 	u32 cid[4];
294 	unsigned int max_dtr;
295 
296 	BUG_ON(!host);
297 	BUG_ON(!host->claimed);
298 
299 	/*
300 	 * Since we're changing the OCR value, we seem to
301 	 * need to tell some cards to go back to the idle
302 	 * state.  We wait 1ms to give cards time to
303 	 * respond.
304 	 */
305 	mmc_go_idle(host);
306 
307 	/*
308 	 * If SD_SEND_IF_COND indicates an SD 2.0
309 	 * compliant card and we should set bit 30
310 	 * of the ocr to indicate that we can handle
311 	 * block-addressed SDHC cards.
312 	 */
313 	err = mmc_send_if_cond(host, ocr);
314 	if (err == MMC_ERR_NONE)
315 		ocr |= 1 << 30;
316 
317 	err = mmc_send_app_op_cond(host, ocr, NULL);
318 	if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE)
319 		goto err;
320 
321 	/*
322 	 * Fetch CID from card.
323 	 */
324 	err = mmc_all_send_cid(host, cid);
325 	if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE)
326 		goto err;
327 
328 	if (oldcard) {
329 		if (memcmp(cid, oldcard->raw_cid, sizeof(cid)) != 0)
330 			goto err;
331 
332 		card = oldcard;
333 	} else {
334 		/*
335 		 * Allocate card structure.
336 		 */
337 		card = mmc_alloc_card(host);
338 		if (IS_ERR(card))
339 			goto err;
340 
341 		card->type = MMC_TYPE_SD;
342 		memcpy(card->raw_cid, cid, sizeof(card->raw_cid));
343 	}
344 
345 	/*
346 	 * Set card RCA.
347 	 */
348 	err = mmc_send_relative_addr(host, &card->rca);
349 	if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE)
350 		goto free_card;
351 
352 	mmc_set_bus_mode(host, MMC_BUSMODE_PUSHPULL);
353 
354 	if (!oldcard) {
355 		/*
356 		 * Fetch CSD from card.
357 		 */
358 		err = mmc_send_csd(card, card->raw_csd);
359 		if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE)
360 			goto free_card;
361 
362 		err = mmc_decode_csd(card);
363 		if (err < 0)
364 			goto free_card;
365 
366 		mmc_decode_cid(card);
367 	}
368 
369 	/*
370 	 * Select card, as all following commands rely on that.
371 	 */
372 	err = mmc_select_card(card);
373 	if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE)
374 		goto free_card;
375 
376 	if (!oldcard) {
377 		/*
378 		 * Fetch SCR from card.
379 		 */
380 		err = mmc_app_send_scr(card, card->raw_scr);
381 		if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE)
382 			goto free_card;
383 
384 		err = mmc_decode_scr(card);
385 		if (err < 0)
386 			goto free_card;
387 
388 		/*
389 		 * Fetch switch information from card.
390 		 */
391 		err = mmc_read_switch(card);
392 		if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE)
393 			goto free_card;
394 	}
395 
396 	/*
397 	 * Attempt to change to high-speed (if supported)
398 	 */
399 	err = mmc_switch_hs(card);
400 	if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE)
401 		goto free_card;
402 
403 	/*
404 	 * Compute bus speed.
405 	 */
406 	max_dtr = (unsigned int)-1;
407 
408 	if (mmc_card_highspeed(card)) {
409 		if (max_dtr > card->sw_caps.hs_max_dtr)
410 			max_dtr = card->sw_caps.hs_max_dtr;
411 	} else if (max_dtr > card->csd.max_dtr) {
412 		max_dtr = card->csd.max_dtr;
413 	}
414 
415 	mmc_set_clock(host, max_dtr);
416 
417 	/*
418 	 * Switch to wider bus (if supported).
419 	 */
420 	if ((host->caps & MMC_CAP_4_BIT_DATA) &&
421 		(card->scr.bus_widths & SD_SCR_BUS_WIDTH_4)) {
422 		err = mmc_app_set_bus_width(card, MMC_BUS_WIDTH_4);
423 		if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE)
424 			goto free_card;
425 
426 		mmc_set_bus_width(host, MMC_BUS_WIDTH_4);
427 	}
428 
429 	/*
430 	 * Check if read-only switch is active.
431 	 */
432 	if (!oldcard) {
433 		if (!host->ops->get_ro) {
434 			printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: host does not "
435 				"support reading read-only "
436 				"switch. assuming write-enable.\n",
437 				mmc_hostname(host));
438 		} else {
439 			if (host->ops->get_ro(host))
440 				mmc_card_set_readonly(card);
441 		}
442 	}
443 
444 	if (!oldcard)
445 		host->card = card;
446 
447 	return MMC_ERR_NONE;
448 
449 free_card:
450 	if (!oldcard)
451 		mmc_remove_card(card);
452 err:
453 
454 	return MMC_ERR_FAILED;
455 }
456 
457 /*
458  * Host is being removed. Free up the current card.
459  */
460 static void mmc_sd_remove(struct mmc_host *host)
461 {
462 	BUG_ON(!host);
463 	BUG_ON(!host->card);
464 
465 	mmc_remove_card(host->card);
466 	host->card = NULL;
467 }
468 
469 /*
470  * Card detection callback from host.
471  */
472 static void mmc_sd_detect(struct mmc_host *host)
473 {
474 	int err;
475 
476 	BUG_ON(!host);
477 	BUG_ON(!host->card);
478 
479 	mmc_claim_host(host);
480 
481 	/*
482 	 * Just check if our card has been removed.
483 	 */
484 	err = mmc_send_status(host->card, NULL);
485 
486 	mmc_release_host(host);
487 
488 	if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
489 		mmc_sd_remove(host);
490 
491 		mmc_claim_host(host);
492 		mmc_detach_bus(host);
493 		mmc_release_host(host);
494 	}
495 }
496 
497 MMC_ATTR_FN(cid, "%08x%08x%08x%08x\n", card->raw_cid[0], card->raw_cid[1],
498 	card->raw_cid[2], card->raw_cid[3]);
499 MMC_ATTR_FN(csd, "%08x%08x%08x%08x\n", card->raw_csd[0], card->raw_csd[1],
500 	card->raw_csd[2], card->raw_csd[3]);
501 MMC_ATTR_FN(scr, "%08x%08x\n", card->raw_scr[0], card->raw_scr[1]);
502 MMC_ATTR_FN(date, "%02d/%04d\n", card->cid.month, card->cid.year);
503 MMC_ATTR_FN(fwrev, "0x%x\n", card->cid.fwrev);
504 MMC_ATTR_FN(hwrev, "0x%x\n", card->cid.hwrev);
505 MMC_ATTR_FN(manfid, "0x%06x\n", card->cid.manfid);
506 MMC_ATTR_FN(name, "%s\n", card->cid.prod_name);
507 MMC_ATTR_FN(oemid, "0x%04x\n", card->cid.oemid);
508 MMC_ATTR_FN(serial, "0x%08x\n", card->cid.serial);
509 
510 static struct device_attribute mmc_sd_dev_attrs[] = {
511 	MMC_ATTR_RO(cid),
512 	MMC_ATTR_RO(csd),
513 	MMC_ATTR_RO(scr),
514 	MMC_ATTR_RO(date),
515 	MMC_ATTR_RO(fwrev),
516 	MMC_ATTR_RO(hwrev),
517 	MMC_ATTR_RO(manfid),
518 	MMC_ATTR_RO(name),
519 	MMC_ATTR_RO(oemid),
520 	MMC_ATTR_RO(serial),
521 	__ATTR_NULL,
522 };
523 
524 /*
525  * Adds sysfs entries as relevant.
526  */
527 static int mmc_sd_sysfs_add(struct mmc_host *host, struct mmc_card *card)
528 {
529 	int ret;
530 
531 	ret = mmc_add_attrs(card, mmc_sd_dev_attrs);
532 	if (ret < 0)
533 		return ret;
534 
535 	return 0;
536 }
537 
538 /*
539  * Removes the sysfs entries added by mmc_sysfs_add().
540  */
541 static void mmc_sd_sysfs_remove(struct mmc_host *host, struct mmc_card *card)
542 {
543 	mmc_remove_attrs(card, mmc_sd_dev_attrs);
544 }
545 
546 #ifdef CONFIG_MMC_UNSAFE_RESUME
547 
548 /*
549  * Suspend callback from host.
550  */
551 static void mmc_sd_suspend(struct mmc_host *host)
552 {
553 	BUG_ON(!host);
554 	BUG_ON(!host->card);
555 
556 	mmc_claim_host(host);
557 	mmc_deselect_cards(host);
558 	host->card->state &= ~MMC_STATE_HIGHSPEED;
559 	mmc_release_host(host);
560 }
561 
562 /*
563  * Resume callback from host.
564  *
565  * This function tries to determine if the same card is still present
566  * and, if so, restore all state to it.
567  */
568 static void mmc_sd_resume(struct mmc_host *host)
569 {
570 	int err;
571 
572 	BUG_ON(!host);
573 	BUG_ON(!host->card);
574 
575 	mmc_claim_host(host);
576 
577 	err = mmc_sd_init_card(host, host->ocr, host->card);
578 	if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
579 		mmc_sd_remove(host);
580 		mmc_detach_bus(host);
581 	}
582 
583 	mmc_release_host(host);
584 }
585 
586 #else
587 
588 #define mmc_sd_suspend NULL
589 #define mmc_sd_resume NULL
590 
591 #endif
592 
593 static const struct mmc_bus_ops mmc_sd_ops = {
594 	.remove = mmc_sd_remove,
595 	.detect = mmc_sd_detect,
596 	.sysfs_add = mmc_sd_sysfs_add,
597 	.sysfs_remove = mmc_sd_sysfs_remove,
598 	.suspend = mmc_sd_suspend,
599 	.resume = mmc_sd_resume,
600 };
601 
602 /*
603  * Starting point for SD card init.
604  */
605 int mmc_attach_sd(struct mmc_host *host, u32 ocr)
606 {
607 	int err;
608 
609 	BUG_ON(!host);
610 	BUG_ON(!host->claimed);
611 
612 	mmc_attach_bus(host, &mmc_sd_ops);
613 
614 	/*
615 	 * Sanity check the voltages that the card claims to
616 	 * support.
617 	 */
618 	if (ocr & 0x7F) {
619 		printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: card claims to support voltages "
620 		       "below the defined range. These will be ignored.\n",
621 		       mmc_hostname(host));
622 		ocr &= ~0x7F;
623 	}
624 
625 	if (ocr & MMC_VDD_165_195) {
626 		printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: SD card claims to support the "
627 		       "incompletely defined 'low voltage range'. This "
628 		       "will be ignored.\n", mmc_hostname(host));
629 		ocr &= ~MMC_VDD_165_195;
630 	}
631 
632 	host->ocr = mmc_select_voltage(host, ocr);
633 
634 	/*
635 	 * Can we support the voltage(s) of the card(s)?
636 	 */
637 	if (!host->ocr)
638 		goto err;
639 
640 	/*
641 	 * Detect and init the card.
642 	 */
643 	err = mmc_sd_init_card(host, host->ocr, NULL);
644 	if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE)
645 		goto err;
646 
647 	mmc_release_host(host);
648 
649 	err = mmc_add_card(host->card);
650 	if (err)
651 		goto reclaim_host;
652 
653 	return 0;
654 
655 reclaim_host:
656 	mmc_claim_host(host);
657 	mmc_remove_card(host->card);
658 	host->card = NULL;
659 err:
660 	mmc_detach_bus(host);
661 	mmc_release_host(host);
662 
663 	return 0;
664 }
665 
666