xref: /linux/drivers/mmc/core/sd.c (revision 51ec92e295d563dd5712d198a7e46c2ae5ccccb2)
1 /*
2  *  linux/drivers/mmc/core/sd.c
3  *
4  *  Copyright (C) 2003-2004 Russell King, All Rights Reserved.
5  *  SD support Copyright (C) 2004 Ian Molton, All Rights Reserved.
6  *  Copyright (C) 2005-2007 Pierre Ossman, All Rights Reserved.
7  *
8  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
9  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
10  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
11  */
12 
13 #include <linux/err.h>
14 
15 #include <linux/mmc/host.h>
16 #include <linux/mmc/card.h>
17 #include <linux/mmc/mmc.h>
18 #include <linux/mmc/sd.h>
19 
20 #include "core.h"
21 #include "bus.h"
22 #include "mmc_ops.h"
23 #include "sd_ops.h"
24 
25 static const unsigned int tran_exp[] = {
26 	10000,		100000,		1000000,	10000000,
27 	0,		0,		0,		0
28 };
29 
30 static const unsigned char tran_mant[] = {
31 	0,	10,	12,	13,	15,	20,	25,	30,
32 	35,	40,	45,	50,	55,	60,	70,	80,
33 };
34 
35 static const unsigned int tacc_exp[] = {
36 	1,	10,	100,	1000,	10000,	100000,	1000000, 10000000,
37 };
38 
39 static const unsigned int tacc_mant[] = {
40 	0,	10,	12,	13,	15,	20,	25,	30,
41 	35,	40,	45,	50,	55,	60,	70,	80,
42 };
43 
44 #define UNSTUFF_BITS(resp,start,size)					\
45 	({								\
46 		const int __size = size;				\
47 		const u32 __mask = (__size < 32 ? 1 << __size : 0) - 1;	\
48 		const int __off = 3 - ((start) / 32);			\
49 		const int __shft = (start) & 31;			\
50 		u32 __res;						\
51 									\
52 		__res = resp[__off] >> __shft;				\
53 		if (__size + __shft > 32)				\
54 			__res |= resp[__off-1] << ((32 - __shft) % 32);	\
55 		__res & __mask;						\
56 	})
57 
58 /*
59  * Given the decoded CSD structure, decode the raw CID to our CID structure.
60  */
61 static void mmc_decode_cid(struct mmc_card *card)
62 {
63 	u32 *resp = card->raw_cid;
64 
65 	memset(&card->cid, 0, sizeof(struct mmc_cid));
66 
67 	/*
68 	 * SD doesn't currently have a version field so we will
69 	 * have to assume we can parse this.
70 	 */
71 	card->cid.manfid		= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 120, 8);
72 	card->cid.oemid			= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 104, 16);
73 	card->cid.prod_name[0]		= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 96, 8);
74 	card->cid.prod_name[1]		= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 88, 8);
75 	card->cid.prod_name[2]		= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 80, 8);
76 	card->cid.prod_name[3]		= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 72, 8);
77 	card->cid.prod_name[4]		= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 64, 8);
78 	card->cid.hwrev			= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 60, 4);
79 	card->cid.fwrev			= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 56, 4);
80 	card->cid.serial		= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 24, 32);
81 	card->cid.year			= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 12, 8);
82 	card->cid.month			= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 8, 4);
83 
84 	card->cid.year += 2000; /* SD cards year offset */
85 }
86 
87 /*
88  * Given a 128-bit response, decode to our card CSD structure.
89  */
90 static int mmc_decode_csd(struct mmc_card *card)
91 {
92 	struct mmc_csd *csd = &card->csd;
93 	unsigned int e, m, csd_struct;
94 	u32 *resp = card->raw_csd;
95 
96 	csd_struct = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 126, 2);
97 
98 	switch (csd_struct) {
99 	case 0:
100 		m = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 115, 4);
101 		e = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 112, 3);
102 		csd->tacc_ns	 = (tacc_exp[e] * tacc_mant[m] + 9) / 10;
103 		csd->tacc_clks	 = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 104, 8) * 100;
104 
105 		m = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 99, 4);
106 		e = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 96, 3);
107 		csd->max_dtr	  = tran_exp[e] * tran_mant[m];
108 		csd->cmdclass	  = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 84, 12);
109 
110 		e = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 47, 3);
111 		m = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 62, 12);
112 		csd->capacity	  = (1 + m) << (e + 2);
113 
114 		csd->read_blkbits = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 80, 4);
115 		csd->read_partial = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 79, 1);
116 		csd->write_misalign = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 78, 1);
117 		csd->read_misalign = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 77, 1);
118 		csd->r2w_factor = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 26, 3);
119 		csd->write_blkbits = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 22, 4);
120 		csd->write_partial = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 21, 1);
121 		break;
122 	case 1:
123 		/*
124 		 * This is a block-addressed SDHC card. Most
125 		 * interesting fields are unused and have fixed
126 		 * values. To avoid getting tripped by buggy cards,
127 		 * we assume those fixed values ourselves.
128 		 */
129 		mmc_card_set_blockaddr(card);
130 
131 		csd->tacc_ns	 = 0; /* Unused */
132 		csd->tacc_clks	 = 0; /* Unused */
133 
134 		m = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 99, 4);
135 		e = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 96, 3);
136 		csd->max_dtr	  = tran_exp[e] * tran_mant[m];
137 		csd->cmdclass	  = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 84, 12);
138 
139 		m = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 48, 22);
140 		csd->capacity     = (1 + m) << 10;
141 
142 		csd->read_blkbits = 9;
143 		csd->read_partial = 0;
144 		csd->write_misalign = 0;
145 		csd->read_misalign = 0;
146 		csd->r2w_factor = 4; /* Unused */
147 		csd->write_blkbits = 9;
148 		csd->write_partial = 0;
149 		break;
150 	default:
151 		printk(KERN_ERR "%s: unrecognised CSD structure version %d\n",
152 			mmc_hostname(card->host), csd_struct);
153 		return -EINVAL;
154 	}
155 
156 	return 0;
157 }
158 
159 /*
160  * Given a 64-bit response, decode to our card SCR structure.
161  */
162 static int mmc_decode_scr(struct mmc_card *card)
163 {
164 	struct sd_scr *scr = &card->scr;
165 	unsigned int scr_struct;
166 	u32 resp[4];
167 
168 	resp[3] = card->raw_scr[1];
169 	resp[2] = card->raw_scr[0];
170 
171 	scr_struct = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 60, 4);
172 	if (scr_struct != 0) {
173 		printk(KERN_ERR "%s: unrecognised SCR structure version %d\n",
174 			mmc_hostname(card->host), scr_struct);
175 		return -EINVAL;
176 	}
177 
178 	scr->sda_vsn = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 56, 4);
179 	scr->bus_widths = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 48, 4);
180 
181 	return 0;
182 }
183 
184 /*
185  * Fetches and decodes switch information
186  */
187 static int mmc_read_switch(struct mmc_card *card)
188 {
189 	int err;
190 	u8 *status;
191 
192 	if (card->scr.sda_vsn < SCR_SPEC_VER_1)
193 		return 0;
194 
195 	if (!(card->csd.cmdclass & CCC_SWITCH)) {
196 		printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: card lacks mandatory switch "
197 			"function, performance might suffer.\n",
198 			mmc_hostname(card->host));
199 		return 0;
200 	}
201 
202 	err = -EIO;
203 
204 	status = kmalloc(64, GFP_KERNEL);
205 	if (!status) {
206 		printk(KERN_ERR "%s: could not allocate a buffer for "
207 			"switch capabilities.\n", mmc_hostname(card->host));
208 		return -ENOMEM;
209 	}
210 
211 	err = mmc_sd_switch(card, 0, 0, 1, status);
212 	if (err) {
213 		/*
214 		 * We all hosts that cannot perform the command
215 		 * to fail more gracefully
216 		 */
217 		if (err != -EINVAL)
218 			goto out;
219 
220 		printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: problem reading switch "
221 			"capabilities, performance might suffer.\n",
222 			mmc_hostname(card->host));
223 		err = 0;
224 
225 		goto out;
226 	}
227 
228 	if (status[13] & 0x02)
229 		card->sw_caps.hs_max_dtr = 50000000;
230 
231 out:
232 	kfree(status);
233 
234 	return err;
235 }
236 
237 /*
238  * Test if the card supports high-speed mode and, if so, switch to it.
239  */
240 static int mmc_switch_hs(struct mmc_card *card)
241 {
242 	int err;
243 	u8 *status;
244 
245 	if (card->scr.sda_vsn < SCR_SPEC_VER_1)
246 		return 0;
247 
248 	if (!(card->csd.cmdclass & CCC_SWITCH))
249 		return 0;
250 
251 	if (!(card->host->caps & MMC_CAP_SD_HIGHSPEED))
252 		return 0;
253 
254 	if (card->sw_caps.hs_max_dtr == 0)
255 		return 0;
256 
257 	err = -EIO;
258 
259 	status = kmalloc(64, GFP_KERNEL);
260 	if (!status) {
261 		printk(KERN_ERR "%s: could not allocate a buffer for "
262 			"switch capabilities.\n", mmc_hostname(card->host));
263 		return -ENOMEM;
264 	}
265 
266 	err = mmc_sd_switch(card, 1, 0, 1, status);
267 	if (err)
268 		goto out;
269 
270 	if ((status[16] & 0xF) != 1) {
271 		printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: Problem switching card "
272 			"into high-speed mode!\n",
273 			mmc_hostname(card->host));
274 	} else {
275 		mmc_card_set_highspeed(card);
276 		mmc_set_timing(card->host, MMC_TIMING_SD_HS);
277 	}
278 
279 out:
280 	kfree(status);
281 
282 	return err;
283 }
284 
285 MMC_DEV_ATTR(cid, "%08x%08x%08x%08x\n", card->raw_cid[0], card->raw_cid[1],
286 	card->raw_cid[2], card->raw_cid[3]);
287 MMC_DEV_ATTR(csd, "%08x%08x%08x%08x\n", card->raw_csd[0], card->raw_csd[1],
288 	card->raw_csd[2], card->raw_csd[3]);
289 MMC_DEV_ATTR(scr, "%08x%08x\n", card->raw_scr[0], card->raw_scr[1]);
290 MMC_DEV_ATTR(date, "%02d/%04d\n", card->cid.month, card->cid.year);
291 MMC_DEV_ATTR(fwrev, "0x%x\n", card->cid.fwrev);
292 MMC_DEV_ATTR(hwrev, "0x%x\n", card->cid.hwrev);
293 MMC_DEV_ATTR(manfid, "0x%06x\n", card->cid.manfid);
294 MMC_DEV_ATTR(name, "%s\n", card->cid.prod_name);
295 MMC_DEV_ATTR(oemid, "0x%04x\n", card->cid.oemid);
296 MMC_DEV_ATTR(serial, "0x%08x\n", card->cid.serial);
297 
298 
299 static struct attribute *sd_std_attrs[] = {
300 	&dev_attr_cid.attr,
301 	&dev_attr_csd.attr,
302 	&dev_attr_scr.attr,
303 	&dev_attr_date.attr,
304 	&dev_attr_fwrev.attr,
305 	&dev_attr_hwrev.attr,
306 	&dev_attr_manfid.attr,
307 	&dev_attr_name.attr,
308 	&dev_attr_oemid.attr,
309 	&dev_attr_serial.attr,
310 	NULL,
311 };
312 
313 static struct attribute_group sd_std_attr_group = {
314 	.attrs = sd_std_attrs,
315 };
316 
317 static struct attribute_group *sd_attr_groups[] = {
318 	&sd_std_attr_group,
319 	NULL,
320 };
321 
322 static struct device_type sd_type = {
323 	.groups = sd_attr_groups,
324 };
325 
326 /*
327  * Handle the detection and initialisation of a card.
328  *
329  * In the case of a resume, "curcard" will contain the card
330  * we're trying to reinitialise.
331  */
332 static int mmc_sd_init_card(struct mmc_host *host, u32 ocr,
333 	struct mmc_card *oldcard)
334 {
335 	struct mmc_card *card;
336 	int err;
337 	u32 cid[4];
338 	unsigned int max_dtr;
339 
340 	BUG_ON(!host);
341 	WARN_ON(!host->claimed);
342 
343 	/*
344 	 * Since we're changing the OCR value, we seem to
345 	 * need to tell some cards to go back to the idle
346 	 * state.  We wait 1ms to give cards time to
347 	 * respond.
348 	 */
349 	mmc_go_idle(host);
350 
351 	/*
352 	 * If SD_SEND_IF_COND indicates an SD 2.0
353 	 * compliant card and we should set bit 30
354 	 * of the ocr to indicate that we can handle
355 	 * block-addressed SDHC cards.
356 	 */
357 	err = mmc_send_if_cond(host, ocr);
358 	if (!err)
359 		ocr |= 1 << 30;
360 
361 	err = mmc_send_app_op_cond(host, ocr, NULL);
362 	if (err)
363 		goto err;
364 
365 	/*
366 	 * For SPI, enable CRC as appropriate.
367 	 */
368 	if (mmc_host_is_spi(host)) {
369 		err = mmc_spi_set_crc(host, use_spi_crc);
370 		if (err)
371 			goto err;
372 	}
373 
374 	/*
375 	 * Fetch CID from card.
376 	 */
377 	if (mmc_host_is_spi(host))
378 		err = mmc_send_cid(host, cid);
379 	else
380 		err = mmc_all_send_cid(host, cid);
381 	if (err)
382 		goto err;
383 
384 	if (oldcard) {
385 		if (memcmp(cid, oldcard->raw_cid, sizeof(cid)) != 0) {
386 			err = -ENOENT;
387 			goto err;
388 		}
389 
390 		card = oldcard;
391 	} else {
392 		/*
393 		 * Allocate card structure.
394 		 */
395 		card = mmc_alloc_card(host, &sd_type);
396 		if (IS_ERR(card)) {
397 			err = PTR_ERR(card);
398 			goto err;
399 		}
400 
401 		card->type = MMC_TYPE_SD;
402 		memcpy(card->raw_cid, cid, sizeof(card->raw_cid));
403 	}
404 
405 	/*
406 	 * For native busses:  get card RCA and quit open drain mode.
407 	 */
408 	if (!mmc_host_is_spi(host)) {
409 		err = mmc_send_relative_addr(host, &card->rca);
410 		if (err)
411 			goto free_card;
412 
413 		mmc_set_bus_mode(host, MMC_BUSMODE_PUSHPULL);
414 	}
415 
416 	if (!oldcard) {
417 		/*
418 		 * Fetch CSD from card.
419 		 */
420 		err = mmc_send_csd(card, card->raw_csd);
421 		if (err)
422 			goto free_card;
423 
424 		err = mmc_decode_csd(card);
425 		if (err)
426 			goto free_card;
427 
428 		mmc_decode_cid(card);
429 	}
430 
431 	/*
432 	 * Select card, as all following commands rely on that.
433 	 */
434 	if (!mmc_host_is_spi(host)) {
435 		err = mmc_select_card(card);
436 		if (err)
437 			goto free_card;
438 	}
439 
440 	if (!oldcard) {
441 		/*
442 		 * Fetch SCR from card.
443 		 */
444 		err = mmc_app_send_scr(card, card->raw_scr);
445 		if (err)
446 			goto free_card;
447 
448 		err = mmc_decode_scr(card);
449 		if (err < 0)
450 			goto free_card;
451 
452 		/*
453 		 * Fetch switch information from card.
454 		 */
455 		err = mmc_read_switch(card);
456 		if (err)
457 			goto free_card;
458 	}
459 
460 	/*
461 	 * Attempt to change to high-speed (if supported)
462 	 */
463 	err = mmc_switch_hs(card);
464 	if (err)
465 		goto free_card;
466 
467 	/*
468 	 * Compute bus speed.
469 	 */
470 	max_dtr = (unsigned int)-1;
471 
472 	if (mmc_card_highspeed(card)) {
473 		if (max_dtr > card->sw_caps.hs_max_dtr)
474 			max_dtr = card->sw_caps.hs_max_dtr;
475 	} else if (max_dtr > card->csd.max_dtr) {
476 		max_dtr = card->csd.max_dtr;
477 	}
478 
479 	mmc_set_clock(host, max_dtr);
480 
481 	/*
482 	 * Switch to wider bus (if supported).
483 	 */
484 	if ((host->caps & MMC_CAP_4_BIT_DATA) &&
485 		(card->scr.bus_widths & SD_SCR_BUS_WIDTH_4)) {
486 		err = mmc_app_set_bus_width(card, MMC_BUS_WIDTH_4);
487 		if (err)
488 			goto free_card;
489 
490 		mmc_set_bus_width(host, MMC_BUS_WIDTH_4);
491 	}
492 
493 	/*
494 	 * Check if read-only switch is active.
495 	 */
496 	if (!oldcard) {
497 		if (!host->ops->get_ro) {
498 			printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: host does not "
499 				"support reading read-only "
500 				"switch. assuming write-enable.\n",
501 				mmc_hostname(host));
502 		} else {
503 			if (host->ops->get_ro(host))
504 				mmc_card_set_readonly(card);
505 		}
506 	}
507 
508 	if (!oldcard)
509 		host->card = card;
510 
511 	return 0;
512 
513 free_card:
514 	if (!oldcard)
515 		mmc_remove_card(card);
516 err:
517 
518 	return err;
519 }
520 
521 /*
522  * Host is being removed. Free up the current card.
523  */
524 static void mmc_sd_remove(struct mmc_host *host)
525 {
526 	BUG_ON(!host);
527 	BUG_ON(!host->card);
528 
529 	mmc_remove_card(host->card);
530 	host->card = NULL;
531 }
532 
533 /*
534  * Card detection callback from host.
535  */
536 static void mmc_sd_detect(struct mmc_host *host)
537 {
538 	int err;
539 
540 	BUG_ON(!host);
541 	BUG_ON(!host->card);
542 
543 	mmc_claim_host(host);
544 
545 	/*
546 	 * Just check if our card has been removed.
547 	 */
548 	err = mmc_send_status(host->card, NULL);
549 
550 	mmc_release_host(host);
551 
552 	if (err) {
553 		mmc_sd_remove(host);
554 
555 		mmc_claim_host(host);
556 		mmc_detach_bus(host);
557 		mmc_release_host(host);
558 	}
559 }
560 
561 #ifdef CONFIG_MMC_UNSAFE_RESUME
562 
563 /*
564  * Suspend callback from host.
565  */
566 static void mmc_sd_suspend(struct mmc_host *host)
567 {
568 	BUG_ON(!host);
569 	BUG_ON(!host->card);
570 
571 	mmc_claim_host(host);
572 	if (!mmc_host_is_spi(host))
573 		mmc_deselect_cards(host);
574 	host->card->state &= ~MMC_STATE_HIGHSPEED;
575 	mmc_release_host(host);
576 }
577 
578 /*
579  * Resume callback from host.
580  *
581  * This function tries to determine if the same card is still present
582  * and, if so, restore all state to it.
583  */
584 static void mmc_sd_resume(struct mmc_host *host)
585 {
586 	int err;
587 
588 	BUG_ON(!host);
589 	BUG_ON(!host->card);
590 
591 	mmc_claim_host(host);
592 	err = mmc_sd_init_card(host, host->ocr, host->card);
593 	mmc_release_host(host);
594 
595 	if (err) {
596 		mmc_sd_remove(host);
597 
598 		mmc_claim_host(host);
599 		mmc_detach_bus(host);
600 		mmc_release_host(host);
601 	}
602 
603 }
604 
605 #else
606 
607 #define mmc_sd_suspend NULL
608 #define mmc_sd_resume NULL
609 
610 #endif
611 
612 static const struct mmc_bus_ops mmc_sd_ops = {
613 	.remove = mmc_sd_remove,
614 	.detect = mmc_sd_detect,
615 	.suspend = mmc_sd_suspend,
616 	.resume = mmc_sd_resume,
617 };
618 
619 /*
620  * Starting point for SD card init.
621  */
622 int mmc_attach_sd(struct mmc_host *host, u32 ocr)
623 {
624 	int err;
625 
626 	BUG_ON(!host);
627 	WARN_ON(!host->claimed);
628 
629 	mmc_attach_bus(host, &mmc_sd_ops);
630 
631 	/*
632 	 * We need to get OCR a different way for SPI.
633 	 */
634 	if (mmc_host_is_spi(host)) {
635 		mmc_go_idle(host);
636 
637 		err = mmc_spi_read_ocr(host, 0, &ocr);
638 		if (err)
639 			goto err;
640 	}
641 
642 	/*
643 	 * Sanity check the voltages that the card claims to
644 	 * support.
645 	 */
646 	if (ocr & 0x7F) {
647 		printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: card claims to support voltages "
648 		       "below the defined range. These will be ignored.\n",
649 		       mmc_hostname(host));
650 		ocr &= ~0x7F;
651 	}
652 
653 	if (ocr & MMC_VDD_165_195) {
654 		printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: SD card claims to support the "
655 		       "incompletely defined 'low voltage range'. This "
656 		       "will be ignored.\n", mmc_hostname(host));
657 		ocr &= ~MMC_VDD_165_195;
658 	}
659 
660 	host->ocr = mmc_select_voltage(host, ocr);
661 
662 	/*
663 	 * Can we support the voltage(s) of the card(s)?
664 	 */
665 	if (!host->ocr) {
666 		err = -EINVAL;
667 		goto err;
668 	}
669 
670 	/*
671 	 * Detect and init the card.
672 	 */
673 	err = mmc_sd_init_card(host, host->ocr, NULL);
674 	if (err)
675 		goto err;
676 
677 	mmc_release_host(host);
678 
679 	err = mmc_add_card(host->card);
680 	if (err)
681 		goto remove_card;
682 
683 	return 0;
684 
685 remove_card:
686 	mmc_remove_card(host->card);
687 	host->card = NULL;
688 	mmc_claim_host(host);
689 err:
690 	mmc_detach_bus(host);
691 	mmc_release_host(host);
692 
693 	printk(KERN_ERR "%s: error %d whilst initialising SD card\n",
694 		mmc_hostname(host), err);
695 
696 	return err;
697 }
698 
699