xref: /linux/drivers/mmc/core/mmc.c (revision 51ec92e295d563dd5712d198a7e46c2ae5ccccb2)
1 /*
2  *  linux/drivers/mmc/core/mmc.c
3  *
4  *  Copyright (C) 2003-2004 Russell King, All Rights Reserved.
5  *  Copyright (C) 2005-2007 Pierre Ossman, All Rights Reserved.
6  *  MMCv4 support Copyright (C) 2006 Philip Langdale, All Rights Reserved.
7  *
8  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
9  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
10  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
11  */
12 
13 #include <linux/err.h>
14 
15 #include <linux/mmc/host.h>
16 #include <linux/mmc/card.h>
17 #include <linux/mmc/mmc.h>
18 
19 #include "core.h"
20 #include "bus.h"
21 #include "mmc_ops.h"
22 
23 static const unsigned int tran_exp[] = {
24 	10000,		100000,		1000000,	10000000,
25 	0,		0,		0,		0
26 };
27 
28 static const unsigned char tran_mant[] = {
29 	0,	10,	12,	13,	15,	20,	25,	30,
30 	35,	40,	45,	50,	55,	60,	70,	80,
31 };
32 
33 static const unsigned int tacc_exp[] = {
34 	1,	10,	100,	1000,	10000,	100000,	1000000, 10000000,
35 };
36 
37 static const unsigned int tacc_mant[] = {
38 	0,	10,	12,	13,	15,	20,	25,	30,
39 	35,	40,	45,	50,	55,	60,	70,	80,
40 };
41 
42 #define UNSTUFF_BITS(resp,start,size)					\
43 	({								\
44 		const int __size = size;				\
45 		const u32 __mask = (__size < 32 ? 1 << __size : 0) - 1;	\
46 		const int __off = 3 - ((start) / 32);			\
47 		const int __shft = (start) & 31;			\
48 		u32 __res;						\
49 									\
50 		__res = resp[__off] >> __shft;				\
51 		if (__size + __shft > 32)				\
52 			__res |= resp[__off-1] << ((32 - __shft) % 32);	\
53 		__res & __mask;						\
54 	})
55 
56 /*
57  * Given the decoded CSD structure, decode the raw CID to our CID structure.
58  */
59 static int mmc_decode_cid(struct mmc_card *card)
60 {
61 	u32 *resp = card->raw_cid;
62 
63 	/*
64 	 * The selection of the format here is based upon published
65 	 * specs from sandisk and from what people have reported.
66 	 */
67 	switch (card->csd.mmca_vsn) {
68 	case 0: /* MMC v1.0 - v1.2 */
69 	case 1: /* MMC v1.4 */
70 		card->cid.manfid	= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 104, 24);
71 		card->cid.prod_name[0]	= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 96, 8);
72 		card->cid.prod_name[1]	= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 88, 8);
73 		card->cid.prod_name[2]	= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 80, 8);
74 		card->cid.prod_name[3]	= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 72, 8);
75 		card->cid.prod_name[4]	= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 64, 8);
76 		card->cid.prod_name[5]	= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 56, 8);
77 		card->cid.prod_name[6]	= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 48, 8);
78 		card->cid.hwrev		= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 44, 4);
79 		card->cid.fwrev		= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 40, 4);
80 		card->cid.serial	= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 16, 24);
81 		card->cid.month		= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 12, 4);
82 		card->cid.year		= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 8, 4) + 1997;
83 		break;
84 
85 	case 2: /* MMC v2.0 - v2.2 */
86 	case 3: /* MMC v3.1 - v3.3 */
87 	case 4: /* MMC v4 */
88 		card->cid.manfid	= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 120, 8);
89 		card->cid.oemid		= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 104, 16);
90 		card->cid.prod_name[0]	= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 96, 8);
91 		card->cid.prod_name[1]	= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 88, 8);
92 		card->cid.prod_name[2]	= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 80, 8);
93 		card->cid.prod_name[3]	= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 72, 8);
94 		card->cid.prod_name[4]	= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 64, 8);
95 		card->cid.prod_name[5]	= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 56, 8);
96 		card->cid.serial	= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 16, 32);
97 		card->cid.month		= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 12, 4);
98 		card->cid.year		= UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 8, 4) + 1997;
99 		break;
100 
101 	default:
102 		printk(KERN_ERR "%s: card has unknown MMCA version %d\n",
103 			mmc_hostname(card->host), card->csd.mmca_vsn);
104 		return -EINVAL;
105 	}
106 
107 	return 0;
108 }
109 
110 /*
111  * Given a 128-bit response, decode to our card CSD structure.
112  */
113 static int mmc_decode_csd(struct mmc_card *card)
114 {
115 	struct mmc_csd *csd = &card->csd;
116 	unsigned int e, m, csd_struct;
117 	u32 *resp = card->raw_csd;
118 
119 	/*
120 	 * We only understand CSD structure v1.1 and v1.2.
121 	 * v1.2 has extra information in bits 15, 11 and 10.
122 	 */
123 	csd_struct = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 126, 2);
124 	if (csd_struct != 1 && csd_struct != 2) {
125 		printk(KERN_ERR "%s: unrecognised CSD structure version %d\n",
126 			mmc_hostname(card->host), csd_struct);
127 		return -EINVAL;
128 	}
129 
130 	csd->mmca_vsn	 = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 122, 4);
131 	m = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 115, 4);
132 	e = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 112, 3);
133 	csd->tacc_ns	 = (tacc_exp[e] * tacc_mant[m] + 9) / 10;
134 	csd->tacc_clks	 = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 104, 8) * 100;
135 
136 	m = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 99, 4);
137 	e = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 96, 3);
138 	csd->max_dtr	  = tran_exp[e] * tran_mant[m];
139 	csd->cmdclass	  = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 84, 12);
140 
141 	e = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 47, 3);
142 	m = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 62, 12);
143 	csd->capacity	  = (1 + m) << (e + 2);
144 
145 	csd->read_blkbits = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 80, 4);
146 	csd->read_partial = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 79, 1);
147 	csd->write_misalign = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 78, 1);
148 	csd->read_misalign = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 77, 1);
149 	csd->r2w_factor = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 26, 3);
150 	csd->write_blkbits = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 22, 4);
151 	csd->write_partial = UNSTUFF_BITS(resp, 21, 1);
152 
153 	return 0;
154 }
155 
156 /*
157  * Read and decode extended CSD.
158  */
159 static int mmc_read_ext_csd(struct mmc_card *card)
160 {
161 	int err;
162 	u8 *ext_csd;
163 	unsigned int ext_csd_struct;
164 
165 	BUG_ON(!card);
166 
167 	if (card->csd.mmca_vsn < CSD_SPEC_VER_4)
168 		return 0;
169 
170 	/*
171 	 * As the ext_csd is so large and mostly unused, we don't store the
172 	 * raw block in mmc_card.
173 	 */
174 	ext_csd = kmalloc(512, GFP_KERNEL);
175 	if (!ext_csd) {
176 		printk(KERN_ERR "%s: could not allocate a buffer to "
177 			"receive the ext_csd.\n", mmc_hostname(card->host));
178 		return -ENOMEM;
179 	}
180 
181 	err = mmc_send_ext_csd(card, ext_csd);
182 	if (err) {
183 		/*
184 		 * We all hosts that cannot perform the command
185 		 * to fail more gracefully
186 		 */
187 		if (err != -EINVAL)
188 			goto out;
189 
190 		/*
191 		 * High capacity cards should have this "magic" size
192 		 * stored in their CSD.
193 		 */
194 		if (card->csd.capacity == (4096 * 512)) {
195 			printk(KERN_ERR "%s: unable to read EXT_CSD "
196 				"on a possible high capacity card. "
197 				"Card will be ignored.\n",
198 				mmc_hostname(card->host));
199 		} else {
200 			printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: unable to read "
201 				"EXT_CSD, performance might "
202 				"suffer.\n",
203 				mmc_hostname(card->host));
204 			err = 0;
205 		}
206 
207 		goto out;
208 	}
209 
210 	ext_csd_struct = ext_csd[EXT_CSD_REV];
211 	if (ext_csd_struct > 2) {
212 		printk(KERN_ERR "%s: unrecognised EXT_CSD structure "
213 			"version %d\n", mmc_hostname(card->host),
214 			ext_csd_struct);
215 		err = -EINVAL;
216 		goto out;
217 	}
218 
219 	if (ext_csd_struct >= 2) {
220 		card->ext_csd.sectors =
221 			ext_csd[EXT_CSD_SEC_CNT + 0] << 0 |
222 			ext_csd[EXT_CSD_SEC_CNT + 1] << 8 |
223 			ext_csd[EXT_CSD_SEC_CNT + 2] << 16 |
224 			ext_csd[EXT_CSD_SEC_CNT + 3] << 24;
225 		if (card->ext_csd.sectors)
226 			mmc_card_set_blockaddr(card);
227 	}
228 
229 	switch (ext_csd[EXT_CSD_CARD_TYPE]) {
230 	case EXT_CSD_CARD_TYPE_52 | EXT_CSD_CARD_TYPE_26:
231 		card->ext_csd.hs_max_dtr = 52000000;
232 		break;
233 	case EXT_CSD_CARD_TYPE_26:
234 		card->ext_csd.hs_max_dtr = 26000000;
235 		break;
236 	default:
237 		/* MMC v4 spec says this cannot happen */
238 		printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: card is mmc v4 but doesn't "
239 			"support any high-speed modes.\n",
240 			mmc_hostname(card->host));
241 		goto out;
242 	}
243 
244 out:
245 	kfree(ext_csd);
246 
247 	return err;
248 }
249 
250 MMC_DEV_ATTR(cid, "%08x%08x%08x%08x\n", card->raw_cid[0], card->raw_cid[1],
251 	card->raw_cid[2], card->raw_cid[3]);
252 MMC_DEV_ATTR(csd, "%08x%08x%08x%08x\n", card->raw_csd[0], card->raw_csd[1],
253 	card->raw_csd[2], card->raw_csd[3]);
254 MMC_DEV_ATTR(date, "%02d/%04d\n", card->cid.month, card->cid.year);
255 MMC_DEV_ATTR(fwrev, "0x%x\n", card->cid.fwrev);
256 MMC_DEV_ATTR(hwrev, "0x%x\n", card->cid.hwrev);
257 MMC_DEV_ATTR(manfid, "0x%06x\n", card->cid.manfid);
258 MMC_DEV_ATTR(name, "%s\n", card->cid.prod_name);
259 MMC_DEV_ATTR(oemid, "0x%04x\n", card->cid.oemid);
260 MMC_DEV_ATTR(serial, "0x%08x\n", card->cid.serial);
261 
262 static struct attribute *mmc_std_attrs[] = {
263 	&dev_attr_cid.attr,
264 	&dev_attr_csd.attr,
265 	&dev_attr_date.attr,
266 	&dev_attr_fwrev.attr,
267 	&dev_attr_hwrev.attr,
268 	&dev_attr_manfid.attr,
269 	&dev_attr_name.attr,
270 	&dev_attr_oemid.attr,
271 	&dev_attr_serial.attr,
272 	NULL,
273 };
274 
275 static struct attribute_group mmc_std_attr_group = {
276 	.attrs = mmc_std_attrs,
277 };
278 
279 static struct attribute_group *mmc_attr_groups[] = {
280 	&mmc_std_attr_group,
281 	NULL,
282 };
283 
284 static struct device_type mmc_type = {
285 	.groups = mmc_attr_groups,
286 };
287 
288 /*
289  * Handle the detection and initialisation of a card.
290  *
291  * In the case of a resume, "curcard" will contain the card
292  * we're trying to reinitialise.
293  */
294 static int mmc_init_card(struct mmc_host *host, u32 ocr,
295 	struct mmc_card *oldcard)
296 {
297 	struct mmc_card *card;
298 	int err;
299 	u32 cid[4];
300 	unsigned int max_dtr;
301 
302 	BUG_ON(!host);
303 	WARN_ON(!host->claimed);
304 
305 	/*
306 	 * Since we're changing the OCR value, we seem to
307 	 * need to tell some cards to go back to the idle
308 	 * state.  We wait 1ms to give cards time to
309 	 * respond.
310 	 */
311 	mmc_go_idle(host);
312 
313 	/* The extra bit indicates that we support high capacity */
314 	err = mmc_send_op_cond(host, ocr | (1 << 30), NULL);
315 	if (err)
316 		goto err;
317 
318 	/*
319 	 * For SPI, enable CRC as appropriate.
320 	 */
321 	if (mmc_host_is_spi(host)) {
322 		err = mmc_spi_set_crc(host, use_spi_crc);
323 		if (err)
324 			goto err;
325 	}
326 
327 	/*
328 	 * Fetch CID from card.
329 	 */
330 	if (mmc_host_is_spi(host))
331 		err = mmc_send_cid(host, cid);
332 	else
333 		err = mmc_all_send_cid(host, cid);
334 	if (err)
335 		goto err;
336 
337 	if (oldcard) {
338 		if (memcmp(cid, oldcard->raw_cid, sizeof(cid)) != 0) {
339 			err = -ENOENT;
340 			goto err;
341 		}
342 
343 		card = oldcard;
344 	} else {
345 		/*
346 		 * Allocate card structure.
347 		 */
348 		card = mmc_alloc_card(host, &mmc_type);
349 		if (IS_ERR(card)) {
350 			err = PTR_ERR(card);
351 			goto err;
352 		}
353 
354 		card->type = MMC_TYPE_MMC;
355 		card->rca = 1;
356 		memcpy(card->raw_cid, cid, sizeof(card->raw_cid));
357 	}
358 
359 	/*
360 	 * For native busses:  set card RCA and quit open drain mode.
361 	 */
362 	if (!mmc_host_is_spi(host)) {
363 		err = mmc_set_relative_addr(card);
364 		if (err)
365 			goto free_card;
366 
367 		mmc_set_bus_mode(host, MMC_BUSMODE_PUSHPULL);
368 	}
369 
370 	if (!oldcard) {
371 		/*
372 		 * Fetch CSD from card.
373 		 */
374 		err = mmc_send_csd(card, card->raw_csd);
375 		if (err)
376 			goto free_card;
377 
378 		err = mmc_decode_csd(card);
379 		if (err)
380 			goto free_card;
381 		err = mmc_decode_cid(card);
382 		if (err)
383 			goto free_card;
384 	}
385 
386 	/*
387 	 * Select card, as all following commands rely on that.
388 	 */
389 	if (!mmc_host_is_spi(host)) {
390 		err = mmc_select_card(card);
391 		if (err)
392 			goto free_card;
393 	}
394 
395 	if (!oldcard) {
396 		/*
397 		 * Fetch and process extended CSD.
398 		 */
399 		err = mmc_read_ext_csd(card);
400 		if (err)
401 			goto free_card;
402 	}
403 
404 	/*
405 	 * Activate high speed (if supported)
406 	 */
407 	if ((card->ext_csd.hs_max_dtr != 0) &&
408 		(host->caps & MMC_CAP_MMC_HIGHSPEED)) {
409 		err = mmc_switch(card, EXT_CSD_CMD_SET_NORMAL,
410 			EXT_CSD_HS_TIMING, 1);
411 		if (err)
412 			goto free_card;
413 
414 		mmc_card_set_highspeed(card);
415 
416 		mmc_set_timing(card->host, MMC_TIMING_MMC_HS);
417 	}
418 
419 	/*
420 	 * Compute bus speed.
421 	 */
422 	max_dtr = (unsigned int)-1;
423 
424 	if (mmc_card_highspeed(card)) {
425 		if (max_dtr > card->ext_csd.hs_max_dtr)
426 			max_dtr = card->ext_csd.hs_max_dtr;
427 	} else if (max_dtr > card->csd.max_dtr) {
428 		max_dtr = card->csd.max_dtr;
429 	}
430 
431 	mmc_set_clock(host, max_dtr);
432 
433 	/*
434 	 * Activate wide bus (if supported).
435 	 */
436 	if ((card->csd.mmca_vsn >= CSD_SPEC_VER_4) &&
437 		(host->caps & MMC_CAP_4_BIT_DATA)) {
438 		err = mmc_switch(card, EXT_CSD_CMD_SET_NORMAL,
439 			EXT_CSD_BUS_WIDTH, EXT_CSD_BUS_WIDTH_4);
440 		if (err)
441 			goto free_card;
442 
443 		mmc_set_bus_width(card->host, MMC_BUS_WIDTH_4);
444 	}
445 
446 	if (!oldcard)
447 		host->card = card;
448 
449 	return 0;
450 
451 free_card:
452 	if (!oldcard)
453 		mmc_remove_card(card);
454 err:
455 
456 	return err;
457 }
458 
459 /*
460  * Host is being removed. Free up the current card.
461  */
462 static void mmc_remove(struct mmc_host *host)
463 {
464 	BUG_ON(!host);
465 	BUG_ON(!host->card);
466 
467 	mmc_remove_card(host->card);
468 	host->card = NULL;
469 }
470 
471 /*
472  * Card detection callback from host.
473  */
474 static void mmc_detect(struct mmc_host *host)
475 {
476 	int err;
477 
478 	BUG_ON(!host);
479 	BUG_ON(!host->card);
480 
481 	mmc_claim_host(host);
482 
483 	/*
484 	 * Just check if our card has been removed.
485 	 */
486 	err = mmc_send_status(host->card, NULL);
487 
488 	mmc_release_host(host);
489 
490 	if (err) {
491 		mmc_remove(host);
492 
493 		mmc_claim_host(host);
494 		mmc_detach_bus(host);
495 		mmc_release_host(host);
496 	}
497 }
498 
499 #ifdef CONFIG_MMC_UNSAFE_RESUME
500 
501 /*
502  * Suspend callback from host.
503  */
504 static void mmc_suspend(struct mmc_host *host)
505 {
506 	BUG_ON(!host);
507 	BUG_ON(!host->card);
508 
509 	mmc_claim_host(host);
510 	if (!mmc_host_is_spi(host))
511 		mmc_deselect_cards(host);
512 	host->card->state &= ~MMC_STATE_HIGHSPEED;
513 	mmc_release_host(host);
514 }
515 
516 /*
517  * Resume callback from host.
518  *
519  * This function tries to determine if the same card is still present
520  * and, if so, restore all state to it.
521  */
522 static void mmc_resume(struct mmc_host *host)
523 {
524 	int err;
525 
526 	BUG_ON(!host);
527 	BUG_ON(!host->card);
528 
529 	mmc_claim_host(host);
530 	err = mmc_init_card(host, host->ocr, host->card);
531 	mmc_release_host(host);
532 
533 	if (err) {
534 		mmc_remove(host);
535 
536 		mmc_claim_host(host);
537 		mmc_detach_bus(host);
538 		mmc_release_host(host);
539 	}
540 
541 }
542 
543 #else
544 
545 #define mmc_suspend NULL
546 #define mmc_resume NULL
547 
548 #endif
549 
550 static const struct mmc_bus_ops mmc_ops = {
551 	.remove = mmc_remove,
552 	.detect = mmc_detect,
553 	.suspend = mmc_suspend,
554 	.resume = mmc_resume,
555 };
556 
557 /*
558  * Starting point for MMC card init.
559  */
560 int mmc_attach_mmc(struct mmc_host *host, u32 ocr)
561 {
562 	int err;
563 
564 	BUG_ON(!host);
565 	WARN_ON(!host->claimed);
566 
567 	mmc_attach_bus(host, &mmc_ops);
568 
569 	/*
570 	 * We need to get OCR a different way for SPI.
571 	 */
572 	if (mmc_host_is_spi(host)) {
573 		err = mmc_spi_read_ocr(host, 1, &ocr);
574 		if (err)
575 			goto err;
576 	}
577 
578 	/*
579 	 * Sanity check the voltages that the card claims to
580 	 * support.
581 	 */
582 	if (ocr & 0x7F) {
583 		printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: card claims to support voltages "
584 		       "below the defined range. These will be ignored.\n",
585 		       mmc_hostname(host));
586 		ocr &= ~0x7F;
587 	}
588 
589 	host->ocr = mmc_select_voltage(host, ocr);
590 
591 	/*
592 	 * Can we support the voltage of the card?
593 	 */
594 	if (!host->ocr) {
595 		err = -EINVAL;
596 		goto err;
597 	}
598 
599 	/*
600 	 * Detect and init the card.
601 	 */
602 	err = mmc_init_card(host, host->ocr, NULL);
603 	if (err)
604 		goto err;
605 
606 	mmc_release_host(host);
607 
608 	err = mmc_add_card(host->card);
609 	if (err)
610 		goto remove_card;
611 
612 	return 0;
613 
614 remove_card:
615 	mmc_remove_card(host->card);
616 	host->card = NULL;
617 	mmc_claim_host(host);
618 err:
619 	mmc_detach_bus(host);
620 	mmc_release_host(host);
621 
622 	printk(KERN_ERR "%s: error %d whilst initialising MMC card\n",
623 		mmc_hostname(host), err);
624 
625 	return err;
626 }
627 
628