xref: /linux/drivers/misc/vmw_balloon.c (revision c4ee0af3fa0dc65f690fc908f02b8355f9576ea0)
1 /*
2  * VMware Balloon driver.
3  *
4  * Copyright (C) 2000-2010, VMware, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
5  *
6  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
7  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
8  * Free Software Foundation; version 2 of the License and no later version.
9  *
10  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
11  * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
12  * MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, GOOD TITLE or
13  * NON INFRINGEMENT.  See the GNU General Public License for more
14  * details.
15  *
16  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
17  * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
18  * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
19  *
20  * Maintained by: Dmitry Torokhov <dtor@vmware.com>
21  */
22 
23 /*
24  * This is VMware physical memory management driver for Linux. The driver
25  * acts like a "balloon" that can be inflated to reclaim physical pages by
26  * reserving them in the guest and invalidating them in the monitor,
27  * freeing up the underlying machine pages so they can be allocated to
28  * other guests.  The balloon can also be deflated to allow the guest to
29  * use more physical memory. Higher level policies can control the sizes
30  * of balloons in VMs in order to manage physical memory resources.
31  */
32 
33 //#define DEBUG
34 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
35 
36 #include <linux/types.h>
37 #include <linux/kernel.h>
38 #include <linux/mm.h>
39 #include <linux/sched.h>
40 #include <linux/module.h>
41 #include <linux/workqueue.h>
42 #include <linux/debugfs.h>
43 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
44 #include <asm/hypervisor.h>
45 
46 MODULE_AUTHOR("VMware, Inc.");
47 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("VMware Memory Control (Balloon) Driver");
48 MODULE_VERSION("1.2.1.3-k");
49 MODULE_ALIAS("dmi:*:svnVMware*:*");
50 MODULE_ALIAS("vmware_vmmemctl");
51 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
52 
53 /*
54  * Various constants controlling rate of inflaint/deflating balloon,
55  * measured in pages.
56  */
57 
58 /*
59  * Rate of allocating memory when there is no memory pressure
60  * (driver performs non-sleeping allocations).
61  */
62 #define VMW_BALLOON_NOSLEEP_ALLOC_MAX	16384U
63 
64 /*
65  * Rates of memory allocaton when guest experiences memory pressure
66  * (driver performs sleeping allocations).
67  */
68 #define VMW_BALLOON_RATE_ALLOC_MIN	512U
69 #define VMW_BALLOON_RATE_ALLOC_MAX	2048U
70 #define VMW_BALLOON_RATE_ALLOC_INC	16U
71 
72 /*
73  * Rates for releasing pages while deflating balloon.
74  */
75 #define VMW_BALLOON_RATE_FREE_MIN	512U
76 #define VMW_BALLOON_RATE_FREE_MAX	16384U
77 #define VMW_BALLOON_RATE_FREE_INC	16U
78 
79 /*
80  * When guest is under memory pressure, use a reduced page allocation
81  * rate for next several cycles.
82  */
83 #define VMW_BALLOON_SLOW_CYCLES		4
84 
85 /*
86  * Use __GFP_HIGHMEM to allow pages from HIGHMEM zone. We don't
87  * allow wait (__GFP_WAIT) for NOSLEEP page allocations. Use
88  * __GFP_NOWARN, to suppress page allocation failure warnings.
89  */
90 #define VMW_PAGE_ALLOC_NOSLEEP		(__GFP_HIGHMEM|__GFP_NOWARN)
91 
92 /*
93  * Use GFP_HIGHUSER when executing in a separate kernel thread
94  * context and allocation can sleep.  This is less stressful to
95  * the guest memory system, since it allows the thread to block
96  * while memory is reclaimed, and won't take pages from emergency
97  * low-memory pools.
98  */
99 #define VMW_PAGE_ALLOC_CANSLEEP		(GFP_HIGHUSER)
100 
101 /* Maximum number of page allocations without yielding processor */
102 #define VMW_BALLOON_YIELD_THRESHOLD	1024
103 
104 /* Maximum number of refused pages we accumulate during inflation cycle */
105 #define VMW_BALLOON_MAX_REFUSED		16
106 
107 /*
108  * Hypervisor communication port definitions.
109  */
110 #define VMW_BALLOON_HV_PORT		0x5670
111 #define VMW_BALLOON_HV_MAGIC		0x456c6d6f
112 #define VMW_BALLOON_PROTOCOL_VERSION	2
113 #define VMW_BALLOON_GUEST_ID		1	/* Linux */
114 
115 #define VMW_BALLOON_CMD_START		0
116 #define VMW_BALLOON_CMD_GET_TARGET	1
117 #define VMW_BALLOON_CMD_LOCK		2
118 #define VMW_BALLOON_CMD_UNLOCK		3
119 #define VMW_BALLOON_CMD_GUEST_ID	4
120 
121 /* error codes */
122 #define VMW_BALLOON_SUCCESS		0
123 #define VMW_BALLOON_FAILURE		-1
124 #define VMW_BALLOON_ERROR_CMD_INVALID	1
125 #define VMW_BALLOON_ERROR_PPN_INVALID	2
126 #define VMW_BALLOON_ERROR_PPN_LOCKED	3
127 #define VMW_BALLOON_ERROR_PPN_UNLOCKED	4
128 #define VMW_BALLOON_ERROR_PPN_PINNED	5
129 #define VMW_BALLOON_ERROR_PPN_NOTNEEDED	6
130 #define VMW_BALLOON_ERROR_RESET		7
131 #define VMW_BALLOON_ERROR_BUSY		8
132 
133 #define VMWARE_BALLOON_CMD(cmd, data, result)		\
134 ({							\
135 	unsigned long __stat, __dummy1, __dummy2;	\
136 	__asm__ __volatile__ ("inl %%dx" :		\
137 		"=a"(__stat),				\
138 		"=c"(__dummy1),				\
139 		"=d"(__dummy2),				\
140 		"=b"(result) :				\
141 		"0"(VMW_BALLOON_HV_MAGIC),		\
142 		"1"(VMW_BALLOON_CMD_##cmd),		\
143 		"2"(VMW_BALLOON_HV_PORT),		\
144 		"3"(data) :				\
145 		"memory");				\
146 	result &= -1UL;					\
147 	__stat & -1UL;					\
148 })
149 
150 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_FS
151 struct vmballoon_stats {
152 	unsigned int timer;
153 
154 	/* allocation statistics */
155 	unsigned int alloc;
156 	unsigned int alloc_fail;
157 	unsigned int sleep_alloc;
158 	unsigned int sleep_alloc_fail;
159 	unsigned int refused_alloc;
160 	unsigned int refused_free;
161 	unsigned int free;
162 
163 	/* monitor operations */
164 	unsigned int lock;
165 	unsigned int lock_fail;
166 	unsigned int unlock;
167 	unsigned int unlock_fail;
168 	unsigned int target;
169 	unsigned int target_fail;
170 	unsigned int start;
171 	unsigned int start_fail;
172 	unsigned int guest_type;
173 	unsigned int guest_type_fail;
174 };
175 
176 #define STATS_INC(stat) (stat)++
177 #else
178 #define STATS_INC(stat)
179 #endif
180 
181 struct vmballoon {
182 
183 	/* list of reserved physical pages */
184 	struct list_head pages;
185 
186 	/* transient list of non-balloonable pages */
187 	struct list_head refused_pages;
188 	unsigned int n_refused_pages;
189 
190 	/* balloon size in pages */
191 	unsigned int size;
192 	unsigned int target;
193 
194 	/* reset flag */
195 	bool reset_required;
196 
197 	/* adjustment rates (pages per second) */
198 	unsigned int rate_alloc;
199 	unsigned int rate_free;
200 
201 	/* slowdown page allocations for next few cycles */
202 	unsigned int slow_allocation_cycles;
203 
204 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_FS
205 	/* statistics */
206 	struct vmballoon_stats stats;
207 
208 	/* debugfs file exporting statistics */
209 	struct dentry *dbg_entry;
210 #endif
211 
212 	struct sysinfo sysinfo;
213 
214 	struct delayed_work dwork;
215 };
216 
217 static struct vmballoon balloon;
218 
219 /*
220  * Send "start" command to the host, communicating supported version
221  * of the protocol.
222  */
223 static bool vmballoon_send_start(struct vmballoon *b)
224 {
225 	unsigned long status, dummy;
226 
227 	STATS_INC(b->stats.start);
228 
229 	status = VMWARE_BALLOON_CMD(START, VMW_BALLOON_PROTOCOL_VERSION, dummy);
230 	if (status == VMW_BALLOON_SUCCESS)
231 		return true;
232 
233 	pr_debug("%s - failed, hv returns %ld\n", __func__, status);
234 	STATS_INC(b->stats.start_fail);
235 	return false;
236 }
237 
238 static bool vmballoon_check_status(struct vmballoon *b, unsigned long status)
239 {
240 	switch (status) {
241 	case VMW_BALLOON_SUCCESS:
242 		return true;
243 
244 	case VMW_BALLOON_ERROR_RESET:
245 		b->reset_required = true;
246 		/* fall through */
247 
248 	default:
249 		return false;
250 	}
251 }
252 
253 /*
254  * Communicate guest type to the host so that it can adjust ballooning
255  * algorithm to the one most appropriate for the guest. This command
256  * is normally issued after sending "start" command and is part of
257  * standard reset sequence.
258  */
259 static bool vmballoon_send_guest_id(struct vmballoon *b)
260 {
261 	unsigned long status, dummy;
262 
263 	status = VMWARE_BALLOON_CMD(GUEST_ID, VMW_BALLOON_GUEST_ID, dummy);
264 
265 	STATS_INC(b->stats.guest_type);
266 
267 	if (vmballoon_check_status(b, status))
268 		return true;
269 
270 	pr_debug("%s - failed, hv returns %ld\n", __func__, status);
271 	STATS_INC(b->stats.guest_type_fail);
272 	return false;
273 }
274 
275 /*
276  * Retrieve desired balloon size from the host.
277  */
278 static bool vmballoon_send_get_target(struct vmballoon *b, u32 *new_target)
279 {
280 	unsigned long status;
281 	unsigned long target;
282 	unsigned long limit;
283 	u32 limit32;
284 
285 	/*
286 	 * si_meminfo() is cheap. Moreover, we want to provide dynamic
287 	 * max balloon size later. So let us call si_meminfo() every
288 	 * iteration.
289 	 */
290 	si_meminfo(&b->sysinfo);
291 	limit = b->sysinfo.totalram;
292 
293 	/* Ensure limit fits in 32-bits */
294 	limit32 = (u32)limit;
295 	if (limit != limit32)
296 		return false;
297 
298 	/* update stats */
299 	STATS_INC(b->stats.target);
300 
301 	status = VMWARE_BALLOON_CMD(GET_TARGET, limit, target);
302 	if (vmballoon_check_status(b, status)) {
303 		*new_target = target;
304 		return true;
305 	}
306 
307 	pr_debug("%s - failed, hv returns %ld\n", __func__, status);
308 	STATS_INC(b->stats.target_fail);
309 	return false;
310 }
311 
312 /*
313  * Notify the host about allocated page so that host can use it without
314  * fear that guest will need it. Host may reject some pages, we need to
315  * check the return value and maybe submit a different page.
316  */
317 static int vmballoon_send_lock_page(struct vmballoon *b, unsigned long pfn,
318 				     unsigned int *hv_status)
319 {
320 	unsigned long status, dummy;
321 	u32 pfn32;
322 
323 	pfn32 = (u32)pfn;
324 	if (pfn32 != pfn)
325 		return -1;
326 
327 	STATS_INC(b->stats.lock);
328 
329 	*hv_status = status = VMWARE_BALLOON_CMD(LOCK, pfn, dummy);
330 	if (vmballoon_check_status(b, status))
331 		return 0;
332 
333 	pr_debug("%s - ppn %lx, hv returns %ld\n", __func__, pfn, status);
334 	STATS_INC(b->stats.lock_fail);
335 	return 1;
336 }
337 
338 /*
339  * Notify the host that guest intends to release given page back into
340  * the pool of available (to the guest) pages.
341  */
342 static bool vmballoon_send_unlock_page(struct vmballoon *b, unsigned long pfn)
343 {
344 	unsigned long status, dummy;
345 	u32 pfn32;
346 
347 	pfn32 = (u32)pfn;
348 	if (pfn32 != pfn)
349 		return false;
350 
351 	STATS_INC(b->stats.unlock);
352 
353 	status = VMWARE_BALLOON_CMD(UNLOCK, pfn, dummy);
354 	if (vmballoon_check_status(b, status))
355 		return true;
356 
357 	pr_debug("%s - ppn %lx, hv returns %ld\n", __func__, pfn, status);
358 	STATS_INC(b->stats.unlock_fail);
359 	return false;
360 }
361 
362 /*
363  * Quickly release all pages allocated for the balloon. This function is
364  * called when host decides to "reset" balloon for one reason or another.
365  * Unlike normal "deflate" we do not (shall not) notify host of the pages
366  * being released.
367  */
368 static void vmballoon_pop(struct vmballoon *b)
369 {
370 	struct page *page, *next;
371 	unsigned int count = 0;
372 
373 	list_for_each_entry_safe(page, next, &b->pages, lru) {
374 		list_del(&page->lru);
375 		__free_page(page);
376 		STATS_INC(b->stats.free);
377 		b->size--;
378 
379 		if (++count >= b->rate_free) {
380 			count = 0;
381 			cond_resched();
382 		}
383 	}
384 }
385 
386 /*
387  * Perform standard reset sequence by popping the balloon (in case it
388  * is not  empty) and then restarting protocol. This operation normally
389  * happens when host responds with VMW_BALLOON_ERROR_RESET to a command.
390  */
391 static void vmballoon_reset(struct vmballoon *b)
392 {
393 	/* free all pages, skipping monitor unlock */
394 	vmballoon_pop(b);
395 
396 	if (vmballoon_send_start(b)) {
397 		b->reset_required = false;
398 		if (!vmballoon_send_guest_id(b))
399 			pr_err("failed to send guest ID to the host\n");
400 	}
401 }
402 
403 /*
404  * Allocate (or reserve) a page for the balloon and notify the host.  If host
405  * refuses the page put it on "refuse" list and allocate another one until host
406  * is satisfied. "Refused" pages are released at the end of inflation cycle
407  * (when we allocate b->rate_alloc pages).
408  */
409 static int vmballoon_reserve_page(struct vmballoon *b, bool can_sleep)
410 {
411 	struct page *page;
412 	gfp_t flags;
413 	unsigned int hv_status;
414 	int locked;
415 	flags = can_sleep ? VMW_PAGE_ALLOC_CANSLEEP : VMW_PAGE_ALLOC_NOSLEEP;
416 
417 	do {
418 		if (!can_sleep)
419 			STATS_INC(b->stats.alloc);
420 		else
421 			STATS_INC(b->stats.sleep_alloc);
422 
423 		page = alloc_page(flags);
424 		if (!page) {
425 			if (!can_sleep)
426 				STATS_INC(b->stats.alloc_fail);
427 			else
428 				STATS_INC(b->stats.sleep_alloc_fail);
429 			return -ENOMEM;
430 		}
431 
432 		/* inform monitor */
433 		locked = vmballoon_send_lock_page(b, page_to_pfn(page), &hv_status);
434 		if (locked > 0) {
435 			STATS_INC(b->stats.refused_alloc);
436 
437 			if (hv_status == VMW_BALLOON_ERROR_RESET ||
438 			    hv_status == VMW_BALLOON_ERROR_PPN_NOTNEEDED) {
439 				__free_page(page);
440 				return -EIO;
441 			}
442 
443 			/*
444 			 * Place page on the list of non-balloonable pages
445 			 * and retry allocation, unless we already accumulated
446 			 * too many of them, in which case take a breather.
447 			 */
448 			list_add(&page->lru, &b->refused_pages);
449 			if (++b->n_refused_pages >= VMW_BALLOON_MAX_REFUSED)
450 				return -EIO;
451 		}
452 	} while (locked != 0);
453 
454 	/* track allocated page */
455 	list_add(&page->lru, &b->pages);
456 
457 	/* update balloon size */
458 	b->size++;
459 
460 	return 0;
461 }
462 
463 /*
464  * Release the page allocated for the balloon. Note that we first notify
465  * the host so it can make sure the page will be available for the guest
466  * to use, if needed.
467  */
468 static int vmballoon_release_page(struct vmballoon *b, struct page *page)
469 {
470 	if (!vmballoon_send_unlock_page(b, page_to_pfn(page)))
471 		return -EIO;
472 
473 	list_del(&page->lru);
474 
475 	/* deallocate page */
476 	__free_page(page);
477 	STATS_INC(b->stats.free);
478 
479 	/* update balloon size */
480 	b->size--;
481 
482 	return 0;
483 }
484 
485 /*
486  * Release pages that were allocated while attempting to inflate the
487  * balloon but were refused by the host for one reason or another.
488  */
489 static void vmballoon_release_refused_pages(struct vmballoon *b)
490 {
491 	struct page *page, *next;
492 
493 	list_for_each_entry_safe(page, next, &b->refused_pages, lru) {
494 		list_del(&page->lru);
495 		__free_page(page);
496 		STATS_INC(b->stats.refused_free);
497 	}
498 
499 	b->n_refused_pages = 0;
500 }
501 
502 /*
503  * Inflate the balloon towards its target size. Note that we try to limit
504  * the rate of allocation to make sure we are not choking the rest of the
505  * system.
506  */
507 static void vmballoon_inflate(struct vmballoon *b)
508 {
509 	unsigned int goal;
510 	unsigned int rate;
511 	unsigned int i;
512 	unsigned int allocations = 0;
513 	int error = 0;
514 	bool alloc_can_sleep = false;
515 
516 	pr_debug("%s - size: %d, target %d\n", __func__, b->size, b->target);
517 
518 	/*
519 	 * First try NOSLEEP page allocations to inflate balloon.
520 	 *
521 	 * If we do not throttle nosleep allocations, we can drain all
522 	 * free pages in the guest quickly (if the balloon target is high).
523 	 * As a side-effect, draining free pages helps to inform (force)
524 	 * the guest to start swapping if balloon target is not met yet,
525 	 * which is a desired behavior. However, balloon driver can consume
526 	 * all available CPU cycles if too many pages are allocated in a
527 	 * second. Therefore, we throttle nosleep allocations even when
528 	 * the guest is not under memory pressure. OTOH, if we have already
529 	 * predicted that the guest is under memory pressure, then we
530 	 * slowdown page allocations considerably.
531 	 */
532 
533 	goal = b->target - b->size;
534 	/*
535 	 * Start with no sleep allocation rate which may be higher
536 	 * than sleeping allocation rate.
537 	 */
538 	rate = b->slow_allocation_cycles ?
539 			b->rate_alloc : VMW_BALLOON_NOSLEEP_ALLOC_MAX;
540 
541 	pr_debug("%s - goal: %d, no-sleep rate: %d, sleep rate: %d\n",
542 		 __func__, goal, rate, b->rate_alloc);
543 
544 	for (i = 0; i < goal; i++) {
545 
546 		error = vmballoon_reserve_page(b, alloc_can_sleep);
547 		if (error) {
548 			if (error != -ENOMEM) {
549 				/*
550 				 * Not a page allocation failure, stop this
551 				 * cycle. Maybe we'll get new target from
552 				 * the host soon.
553 				 */
554 				break;
555 			}
556 
557 			if (alloc_can_sleep) {
558 				/*
559 				 * CANSLEEP page allocation failed, so guest
560 				 * is under severe memory pressure. Quickly
561 				 * decrease allocation rate.
562 				 */
563 				b->rate_alloc = max(b->rate_alloc / 2,
564 						    VMW_BALLOON_RATE_ALLOC_MIN);
565 				break;
566 			}
567 
568 			/*
569 			 * NOSLEEP page allocation failed, so the guest is
570 			 * under memory pressure. Let us slow down page
571 			 * allocations for next few cycles so that the guest
572 			 * gets out of memory pressure. Also, if we already
573 			 * allocated b->rate_alloc pages, let's pause,
574 			 * otherwise switch to sleeping allocations.
575 			 */
576 			b->slow_allocation_cycles = VMW_BALLOON_SLOW_CYCLES;
577 
578 			if (i >= b->rate_alloc)
579 				break;
580 
581 			alloc_can_sleep = true;
582 			/* Lower rate for sleeping allocations. */
583 			rate = b->rate_alloc;
584 		}
585 
586 		if (++allocations > VMW_BALLOON_YIELD_THRESHOLD) {
587 			cond_resched();
588 			allocations = 0;
589 		}
590 
591 		if (i >= rate) {
592 			/* We allocated enough pages, let's take a break. */
593 			break;
594 		}
595 	}
596 
597 	/*
598 	 * We reached our goal without failures so try increasing
599 	 * allocation rate.
600 	 */
601 	if (error == 0 && i >= b->rate_alloc) {
602 		unsigned int mult = i / b->rate_alloc;
603 
604 		b->rate_alloc =
605 			min(b->rate_alloc + mult * VMW_BALLOON_RATE_ALLOC_INC,
606 			    VMW_BALLOON_RATE_ALLOC_MAX);
607 	}
608 
609 	vmballoon_release_refused_pages(b);
610 }
611 
612 /*
613  * Decrease the size of the balloon allowing guest to use more memory.
614  */
615 static void vmballoon_deflate(struct vmballoon *b)
616 {
617 	struct page *page, *next;
618 	unsigned int i = 0;
619 	unsigned int goal;
620 	int error;
621 
622 	pr_debug("%s - size: %d, target %d\n", __func__, b->size, b->target);
623 
624 	/* limit deallocation rate */
625 	goal = min(b->size - b->target, b->rate_free);
626 
627 	pr_debug("%s - goal: %d, rate: %d\n", __func__, goal, b->rate_free);
628 
629 	/* free pages to reach target */
630 	list_for_each_entry_safe(page, next, &b->pages, lru) {
631 		error = vmballoon_release_page(b, page);
632 		if (error) {
633 			/* quickly decrease rate in case of error */
634 			b->rate_free = max(b->rate_free / 2,
635 					   VMW_BALLOON_RATE_FREE_MIN);
636 			return;
637 		}
638 
639 		if (++i >= goal)
640 			break;
641 	}
642 
643 	/* slowly increase rate if there were no errors */
644 	b->rate_free = min(b->rate_free + VMW_BALLOON_RATE_FREE_INC,
645 			   VMW_BALLOON_RATE_FREE_MAX);
646 }
647 
648 /*
649  * Balloon work function: reset protocol, if needed, get the new size and
650  * adjust balloon as needed. Repeat in 1 sec.
651  */
652 static void vmballoon_work(struct work_struct *work)
653 {
654 	struct delayed_work *dwork = to_delayed_work(work);
655 	struct vmballoon *b = container_of(dwork, struct vmballoon, dwork);
656 	unsigned int target;
657 
658 	STATS_INC(b->stats.timer);
659 
660 	if (b->reset_required)
661 		vmballoon_reset(b);
662 
663 	if (b->slow_allocation_cycles > 0)
664 		b->slow_allocation_cycles--;
665 
666 	if (vmballoon_send_get_target(b, &target)) {
667 		/* update target, adjust size */
668 		b->target = target;
669 
670 		if (b->size < target)
671 			vmballoon_inflate(b);
672 		else if (b->size > target)
673 			vmballoon_deflate(b);
674 	}
675 
676 	/*
677 	 * We are using a freezable workqueue so that balloon operations are
678 	 * stopped while the system transitions to/from sleep/hibernation.
679 	 */
680 	queue_delayed_work(system_freezable_wq,
681 			   dwork, round_jiffies_relative(HZ));
682 }
683 
684 /*
685  * DEBUGFS Interface
686  */
687 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_FS
688 
689 static int vmballoon_debug_show(struct seq_file *f, void *offset)
690 {
691 	struct vmballoon *b = f->private;
692 	struct vmballoon_stats *stats = &b->stats;
693 
694 	/* format size info */
695 	seq_printf(f,
696 		   "target:             %8d pages\n"
697 		   "current:            %8d pages\n",
698 		   b->target, b->size);
699 
700 	/* format rate info */
701 	seq_printf(f,
702 		   "rateNoSleepAlloc:   %8d pages/sec\n"
703 		   "rateSleepAlloc:     %8d pages/sec\n"
704 		   "rateFree:           %8d pages/sec\n",
705 		   VMW_BALLOON_NOSLEEP_ALLOC_MAX,
706 		   b->rate_alloc, b->rate_free);
707 
708 	seq_printf(f,
709 		   "\n"
710 		   "timer:              %8u\n"
711 		   "start:              %8u (%4u failed)\n"
712 		   "guestType:          %8u (%4u failed)\n"
713 		   "lock:               %8u (%4u failed)\n"
714 		   "unlock:             %8u (%4u failed)\n"
715 		   "target:             %8u (%4u failed)\n"
716 		   "primNoSleepAlloc:   %8u (%4u failed)\n"
717 		   "primCanSleepAlloc:  %8u (%4u failed)\n"
718 		   "primFree:           %8u\n"
719 		   "errAlloc:           %8u\n"
720 		   "errFree:            %8u\n",
721 		   stats->timer,
722 		   stats->start, stats->start_fail,
723 		   stats->guest_type, stats->guest_type_fail,
724 		   stats->lock,  stats->lock_fail,
725 		   stats->unlock, stats->unlock_fail,
726 		   stats->target, stats->target_fail,
727 		   stats->alloc, stats->alloc_fail,
728 		   stats->sleep_alloc, stats->sleep_alloc_fail,
729 		   stats->free,
730 		   stats->refused_alloc, stats->refused_free);
731 
732 	return 0;
733 }
734 
735 static int vmballoon_debug_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
736 {
737 	return single_open(file, vmballoon_debug_show, inode->i_private);
738 }
739 
740 static const struct file_operations vmballoon_debug_fops = {
741 	.owner		= THIS_MODULE,
742 	.open		= vmballoon_debug_open,
743 	.read		= seq_read,
744 	.llseek		= seq_lseek,
745 	.release	= single_release,
746 };
747 
748 static int __init vmballoon_debugfs_init(struct vmballoon *b)
749 {
750 	int error;
751 
752 	b->dbg_entry = debugfs_create_file("vmmemctl", S_IRUGO, NULL, b,
753 					   &vmballoon_debug_fops);
754 	if (IS_ERR(b->dbg_entry)) {
755 		error = PTR_ERR(b->dbg_entry);
756 		pr_err("failed to create debugfs entry, error: %d\n", error);
757 		return error;
758 	}
759 
760 	return 0;
761 }
762 
763 static void __exit vmballoon_debugfs_exit(struct vmballoon *b)
764 {
765 	debugfs_remove(b->dbg_entry);
766 }
767 
768 #else
769 
770 static inline int vmballoon_debugfs_init(struct vmballoon *b)
771 {
772 	return 0;
773 }
774 
775 static inline void vmballoon_debugfs_exit(struct vmballoon *b)
776 {
777 }
778 
779 #endif	/* CONFIG_DEBUG_FS */
780 
781 static int __init vmballoon_init(void)
782 {
783 	int error;
784 
785 	/*
786 	 * Check if we are running on VMware's hypervisor and bail out
787 	 * if we are not.
788 	 */
789 	if (x86_hyper != &x86_hyper_vmware)
790 		return -ENODEV;
791 
792 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&balloon.pages);
793 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&balloon.refused_pages);
794 
795 	/* initialize rates */
796 	balloon.rate_alloc = VMW_BALLOON_RATE_ALLOC_MAX;
797 	balloon.rate_free = VMW_BALLOON_RATE_FREE_MAX;
798 
799 	INIT_DELAYED_WORK(&balloon.dwork, vmballoon_work);
800 
801 	/*
802 	 * Start balloon.
803 	 */
804 	if (!vmballoon_send_start(&balloon)) {
805 		pr_err("failed to send start command to the host\n");
806 		return -EIO;
807 	}
808 
809 	if (!vmballoon_send_guest_id(&balloon)) {
810 		pr_err("failed to send guest ID to the host\n");
811 		return -EIO;
812 	}
813 
814 	error = vmballoon_debugfs_init(&balloon);
815 	if (error)
816 		return error;
817 
818 	queue_delayed_work(system_freezable_wq, &balloon.dwork, 0);
819 
820 	return 0;
821 }
822 module_init(vmballoon_init);
823 
824 static void __exit vmballoon_exit(void)
825 {
826 	cancel_delayed_work_sync(&balloon.dwork);
827 
828 	vmballoon_debugfs_exit(&balloon);
829 
830 	/*
831 	 * Deallocate all reserved memory, and reset connection with monitor.
832 	 * Reset connection before deallocating memory to avoid potential for
833 	 * additional spurious resets from guest touching deallocated pages.
834 	 */
835 	vmballoon_send_start(&balloon);
836 	vmballoon_pop(&balloon);
837 }
838 module_exit(vmballoon_exit);
839