xref: /linux/drivers/misc/vmw_balloon.c (revision 93d90ad708b8da6efc0e487b66111aa9db7f70c7)
1 /*
2  * VMware Balloon driver.
3  *
4  * Copyright (C) 2000-2010, VMware, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
5  *
6  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
7  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
8  * Free Software Foundation; version 2 of the License and no later version.
9  *
10  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
11  * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
12  * MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, GOOD TITLE or
13  * NON INFRINGEMENT.  See the GNU General Public License for more
14  * details.
15  *
16  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
17  * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
18  * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
19  *
20  * Maintained by:	Xavier Deguillard <xdeguillard@vmware.com>
21  *			Philip Moltmann <moltmann@vmware.com>
22  */
23 
24 /*
25  * This is VMware physical memory management driver for Linux. The driver
26  * acts like a "balloon" that can be inflated to reclaim physical pages by
27  * reserving them in the guest and invalidating them in the monitor,
28  * freeing up the underlying machine pages so they can be allocated to
29  * other guests.  The balloon can also be deflated to allow the guest to
30  * use more physical memory. Higher level policies can control the sizes
31  * of balloons in VMs in order to manage physical memory resources.
32  */
33 
34 //#define DEBUG
35 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
36 
37 #include <linux/types.h>
38 #include <linux/kernel.h>
39 #include <linux/mm.h>
40 #include <linux/sched.h>
41 #include <linux/module.h>
42 #include <linux/workqueue.h>
43 #include <linux/debugfs.h>
44 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
45 #include <asm/hypervisor.h>
46 
47 MODULE_AUTHOR("VMware, Inc.");
48 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("VMware Memory Control (Balloon) Driver");
49 MODULE_VERSION("1.2.1.3-k");
50 MODULE_ALIAS("dmi:*:svnVMware*:*");
51 MODULE_ALIAS("vmware_vmmemctl");
52 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
53 
54 /*
55  * Various constants controlling rate of inflaint/deflating balloon,
56  * measured in pages.
57  */
58 
59 /*
60  * Rate of allocating memory when there is no memory pressure
61  * (driver performs non-sleeping allocations).
62  */
63 #define VMW_BALLOON_NOSLEEP_ALLOC_MAX	16384U
64 
65 /*
66  * Rates of memory allocaton when guest experiences memory pressure
67  * (driver performs sleeping allocations).
68  */
69 #define VMW_BALLOON_RATE_ALLOC_MIN	512U
70 #define VMW_BALLOON_RATE_ALLOC_MAX	2048U
71 #define VMW_BALLOON_RATE_ALLOC_INC	16U
72 
73 /*
74  * Rates for releasing pages while deflating balloon.
75  */
76 #define VMW_BALLOON_RATE_FREE_MIN	512U
77 #define VMW_BALLOON_RATE_FREE_MAX	16384U
78 #define VMW_BALLOON_RATE_FREE_INC	16U
79 
80 /*
81  * When guest is under memory pressure, use a reduced page allocation
82  * rate for next several cycles.
83  */
84 #define VMW_BALLOON_SLOW_CYCLES		4
85 
86 /*
87  * Use __GFP_HIGHMEM to allow pages from HIGHMEM zone. We don't
88  * allow wait (__GFP_WAIT) for NOSLEEP page allocations. Use
89  * __GFP_NOWARN, to suppress page allocation failure warnings.
90  */
91 #define VMW_PAGE_ALLOC_NOSLEEP		(__GFP_HIGHMEM|__GFP_NOWARN)
92 
93 /*
94  * Use GFP_HIGHUSER when executing in a separate kernel thread
95  * context and allocation can sleep.  This is less stressful to
96  * the guest memory system, since it allows the thread to block
97  * while memory is reclaimed, and won't take pages from emergency
98  * low-memory pools.
99  */
100 #define VMW_PAGE_ALLOC_CANSLEEP		(GFP_HIGHUSER)
101 
102 /* Maximum number of page allocations without yielding processor */
103 #define VMW_BALLOON_YIELD_THRESHOLD	1024
104 
105 /* Maximum number of refused pages we accumulate during inflation cycle */
106 #define VMW_BALLOON_MAX_REFUSED		16
107 
108 /*
109  * Hypervisor communication port definitions.
110  */
111 #define VMW_BALLOON_HV_PORT		0x5670
112 #define VMW_BALLOON_HV_MAGIC		0x456c6d6f
113 #define VMW_BALLOON_PROTOCOL_VERSION	2
114 #define VMW_BALLOON_GUEST_ID		1	/* Linux */
115 
116 #define VMW_BALLOON_CMD_START		0
117 #define VMW_BALLOON_CMD_GET_TARGET	1
118 #define VMW_BALLOON_CMD_LOCK		2
119 #define VMW_BALLOON_CMD_UNLOCK		3
120 #define VMW_BALLOON_CMD_GUEST_ID	4
121 
122 /* error codes */
123 #define VMW_BALLOON_SUCCESS		0
124 #define VMW_BALLOON_FAILURE		-1
125 #define VMW_BALLOON_ERROR_CMD_INVALID	1
126 #define VMW_BALLOON_ERROR_PPN_INVALID	2
127 #define VMW_BALLOON_ERROR_PPN_LOCKED	3
128 #define VMW_BALLOON_ERROR_PPN_UNLOCKED	4
129 #define VMW_BALLOON_ERROR_PPN_PINNED	5
130 #define VMW_BALLOON_ERROR_PPN_NOTNEEDED	6
131 #define VMW_BALLOON_ERROR_RESET		7
132 #define VMW_BALLOON_ERROR_BUSY		8
133 
134 #define VMWARE_BALLOON_CMD(cmd, data, result)		\
135 ({							\
136 	unsigned long __stat, __dummy1, __dummy2;	\
137 	__asm__ __volatile__ ("inl %%dx" :		\
138 		"=a"(__stat),				\
139 		"=c"(__dummy1),				\
140 		"=d"(__dummy2),				\
141 		"=b"(result) :				\
142 		"0"(VMW_BALLOON_HV_MAGIC),		\
143 		"1"(VMW_BALLOON_CMD_##cmd),		\
144 		"2"(VMW_BALLOON_HV_PORT),		\
145 		"3"(data) :				\
146 		"memory");				\
147 	result &= -1UL;					\
148 	__stat & -1UL;					\
149 })
150 
151 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_FS
152 struct vmballoon_stats {
153 	unsigned int timer;
154 
155 	/* allocation statistics */
156 	unsigned int alloc;
157 	unsigned int alloc_fail;
158 	unsigned int sleep_alloc;
159 	unsigned int sleep_alloc_fail;
160 	unsigned int refused_alloc;
161 	unsigned int refused_free;
162 	unsigned int free;
163 
164 	/* monitor operations */
165 	unsigned int lock;
166 	unsigned int lock_fail;
167 	unsigned int unlock;
168 	unsigned int unlock_fail;
169 	unsigned int target;
170 	unsigned int target_fail;
171 	unsigned int start;
172 	unsigned int start_fail;
173 	unsigned int guest_type;
174 	unsigned int guest_type_fail;
175 };
176 
177 #define STATS_INC(stat) (stat)++
178 #else
179 #define STATS_INC(stat)
180 #endif
181 
182 struct vmballoon {
183 
184 	/* list of reserved physical pages */
185 	struct list_head pages;
186 
187 	/* transient list of non-balloonable pages */
188 	struct list_head refused_pages;
189 	unsigned int n_refused_pages;
190 
191 	/* balloon size in pages */
192 	unsigned int size;
193 	unsigned int target;
194 
195 	/* reset flag */
196 	bool reset_required;
197 
198 	/* adjustment rates (pages per second) */
199 	unsigned int rate_alloc;
200 	unsigned int rate_free;
201 
202 	/* slowdown page allocations for next few cycles */
203 	unsigned int slow_allocation_cycles;
204 
205 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_FS
206 	/* statistics */
207 	struct vmballoon_stats stats;
208 
209 	/* debugfs file exporting statistics */
210 	struct dentry *dbg_entry;
211 #endif
212 
213 	struct sysinfo sysinfo;
214 
215 	struct delayed_work dwork;
216 };
217 
218 static struct vmballoon balloon;
219 
220 /*
221  * Send "start" command to the host, communicating supported version
222  * of the protocol.
223  */
224 static bool vmballoon_send_start(struct vmballoon *b)
225 {
226 	unsigned long status, dummy;
227 
228 	STATS_INC(b->stats.start);
229 
230 	status = VMWARE_BALLOON_CMD(START, VMW_BALLOON_PROTOCOL_VERSION, dummy);
231 	if (status == VMW_BALLOON_SUCCESS)
232 		return true;
233 
234 	pr_debug("%s - failed, hv returns %ld\n", __func__, status);
235 	STATS_INC(b->stats.start_fail);
236 	return false;
237 }
238 
239 static bool vmballoon_check_status(struct vmballoon *b, unsigned long status)
240 {
241 	switch (status) {
242 	case VMW_BALLOON_SUCCESS:
243 		return true;
244 
245 	case VMW_BALLOON_ERROR_RESET:
246 		b->reset_required = true;
247 		/* fall through */
248 
249 	default:
250 		return false;
251 	}
252 }
253 
254 /*
255  * Communicate guest type to the host so that it can adjust ballooning
256  * algorithm to the one most appropriate for the guest. This command
257  * is normally issued after sending "start" command and is part of
258  * standard reset sequence.
259  */
260 static bool vmballoon_send_guest_id(struct vmballoon *b)
261 {
262 	unsigned long status, dummy;
263 
264 	status = VMWARE_BALLOON_CMD(GUEST_ID, VMW_BALLOON_GUEST_ID, dummy);
265 
266 	STATS_INC(b->stats.guest_type);
267 
268 	if (vmballoon_check_status(b, status))
269 		return true;
270 
271 	pr_debug("%s - failed, hv returns %ld\n", __func__, status);
272 	STATS_INC(b->stats.guest_type_fail);
273 	return false;
274 }
275 
276 /*
277  * Retrieve desired balloon size from the host.
278  */
279 static bool vmballoon_send_get_target(struct vmballoon *b, u32 *new_target)
280 {
281 	unsigned long status;
282 	unsigned long target;
283 	unsigned long limit;
284 	u32 limit32;
285 
286 	/*
287 	 * si_meminfo() is cheap. Moreover, we want to provide dynamic
288 	 * max balloon size later. So let us call si_meminfo() every
289 	 * iteration.
290 	 */
291 	si_meminfo(&b->sysinfo);
292 	limit = b->sysinfo.totalram;
293 
294 	/* Ensure limit fits in 32-bits */
295 	limit32 = (u32)limit;
296 	if (limit != limit32)
297 		return false;
298 
299 	/* update stats */
300 	STATS_INC(b->stats.target);
301 
302 	status = VMWARE_BALLOON_CMD(GET_TARGET, limit, target);
303 	if (vmballoon_check_status(b, status)) {
304 		*new_target = target;
305 		return true;
306 	}
307 
308 	pr_debug("%s - failed, hv returns %ld\n", __func__, status);
309 	STATS_INC(b->stats.target_fail);
310 	return false;
311 }
312 
313 /*
314  * Notify the host about allocated page so that host can use it without
315  * fear that guest will need it. Host may reject some pages, we need to
316  * check the return value and maybe submit a different page.
317  */
318 static int vmballoon_send_lock_page(struct vmballoon *b, unsigned long pfn,
319 				     unsigned int *hv_status)
320 {
321 	unsigned long status, dummy;
322 	u32 pfn32;
323 
324 	pfn32 = (u32)pfn;
325 	if (pfn32 != pfn)
326 		return -1;
327 
328 	STATS_INC(b->stats.lock);
329 
330 	*hv_status = status = VMWARE_BALLOON_CMD(LOCK, pfn, dummy);
331 	if (vmballoon_check_status(b, status))
332 		return 0;
333 
334 	pr_debug("%s - ppn %lx, hv returns %ld\n", __func__, pfn, status);
335 	STATS_INC(b->stats.lock_fail);
336 	return 1;
337 }
338 
339 /*
340  * Notify the host that guest intends to release given page back into
341  * the pool of available (to the guest) pages.
342  */
343 static bool vmballoon_send_unlock_page(struct vmballoon *b, unsigned long pfn)
344 {
345 	unsigned long status, dummy;
346 	u32 pfn32;
347 
348 	pfn32 = (u32)pfn;
349 	if (pfn32 != pfn)
350 		return false;
351 
352 	STATS_INC(b->stats.unlock);
353 
354 	status = VMWARE_BALLOON_CMD(UNLOCK, pfn, dummy);
355 	if (vmballoon_check_status(b, status))
356 		return true;
357 
358 	pr_debug("%s - ppn %lx, hv returns %ld\n", __func__, pfn, status);
359 	STATS_INC(b->stats.unlock_fail);
360 	return false;
361 }
362 
363 /*
364  * Quickly release all pages allocated for the balloon. This function is
365  * called when host decides to "reset" balloon for one reason or another.
366  * Unlike normal "deflate" we do not (shall not) notify host of the pages
367  * being released.
368  */
369 static void vmballoon_pop(struct vmballoon *b)
370 {
371 	struct page *page, *next;
372 	unsigned int count = 0;
373 
374 	list_for_each_entry_safe(page, next, &b->pages, lru) {
375 		list_del(&page->lru);
376 		__free_page(page);
377 		STATS_INC(b->stats.free);
378 		b->size--;
379 
380 		if (++count >= b->rate_free) {
381 			count = 0;
382 			cond_resched();
383 		}
384 	}
385 }
386 
387 /*
388  * Perform standard reset sequence by popping the balloon (in case it
389  * is not  empty) and then restarting protocol. This operation normally
390  * happens when host responds with VMW_BALLOON_ERROR_RESET to a command.
391  */
392 static void vmballoon_reset(struct vmballoon *b)
393 {
394 	/* free all pages, skipping monitor unlock */
395 	vmballoon_pop(b);
396 
397 	if (vmballoon_send_start(b)) {
398 		b->reset_required = false;
399 		if (!vmballoon_send_guest_id(b))
400 			pr_err("failed to send guest ID to the host\n");
401 	}
402 }
403 
404 /*
405  * Allocate (or reserve) a page for the balloon and notify the host.  If host
406  * refuses the page put it on "refuse" list and allocate another one until host
407  * is satisfied. "Refused" pages are released at the end of inflation cycle
408  * (when we allocate b->rate_alloc pages).
409  */
410 static int vmballoon_reserve_page(struct vmballoon *b, bool can_sleep)
411 {
412 	struct page *page;
413 	gfp_t flags;
414 	unsigned int hv_status;
415 	int locked;
416 	flags = can_sleep ? VMW_PAGE_ALLOC_CANSLEEP : VMW_PAGE_ALLOC_NOSLEEP;
417 
418 	do {
419 		if (!can_sleep)
420 			STATS_INC(b->stats.alloc);
421 		else
422 			STATS_INC(b->stats.sleep_alloc);
423 
424 		page = alloc_page(flags);
425 		if (!page) {
426 			if (!can_sleep)
427 				STATS_INC(b->stats.alloc_fail);
428 			else
429 				STATS_INC(b->stats.sleep_alloc_fail);
430 			return -ENOMEM;
431 		}
432 
433 		/* inform monitor */
434 		locked = vmballoon_send_lock_page(b, page_to_pfn(page), &hv_status);
435 		if (locked > 0) {
436 			STATS_INC(b->stats.refused_alloc);
437 
438 			if (hv_status == VMW_BALLOON_ERROR_RESET ||
439 			    hv_status == VMW_BALLOON_ERROR_PPN_NOTNEEDED) {
440 				__free_page(page);
441 				return -EIO;
442 			}
443 
444 			/*
445 			 * Place page on the list of non-balloonable pages
446 			 * and retry allocation, unless we already accumulated
447 			 * too many of them, in which case take a breather.
448 			 */
449 			list_add(&page->lru, &b->refused_pages);
450 			if (++b->n_refused_pages >= VMW_BALLOON_MAX_REFUSED)
451 				return -EIO;
452 		}
453 	} while (locked != 0);
454 
455 	/* track allocated page */
456 	list_add(&page->lru, &b->pages);
457 
458 	/* update balloon size */
459 	b->size++;
460 
461 	return 0;
462 }
463 
464 /*
465  * Release the page allocated for the balloon. Note that we first notify
466  * the host so it can make sure the page will be available for the guest
467  * to use, if needed.
468  */
469 static int vmballoon_release_page(struct vmballoon *b, struct page *page)
470 {
471 	if (!vmballoon_send_unlock_page(b, page_to_pfn(page)))
472 		return -EIO;
473 
474 	list_del(&page->lru);
475 
476 	/* deallocate page */
477 	__free_page(page);
478 	STATS_INC(b->stats.free);
479 
480 	/* update balloon size */
481 	b->size--;
482 
483 	return 0;
484 }
485 
486 /*
487  * Release pages that were allocated while attempting to inflate the
488  * balloon but were refused by the host for one reason or another.
489  */
490 static void vmballoon_release_refused_pages(struct vmballoon *b)
491 {
492 	struct page *page, *next;
493 
494 	list_for_each_entry_safe(page, next, &b->refused_pages, lru) {
495 		list_del(&page->lru);
496 		__free_page(page);
497 		STATS_INC(b->stats.refused_free);
498 	}
499 
500 	b->n_refused_pages = 0;
501 }
502 
503 /*
504  * Inflate the balloon towards its target size. Note that we try to limit
505  * the rate of allocation to make sure we are not choking the rest of the
506  * system.
507  */
508 static void vmballoon_inflate(struct vmballoon *b)
509 {
510 	unsigned int goal;
511 	unsigned int rate;
512 	unsigned int i;
513 	unsigned int allocations = 0;
514 	int error = 0;
515 	bool alloc_can_sleep = false;
516 
517 	pr_debug("%s - size: %d, target %d\n", __func__, b->size, b->target);
518 
519 	/*
520 	 * First try NOSLEEP page allocations to inflate balloon.
521 	 *
522 	 * If we do not throttle nosleep allocations, we can drain all
523 	 * free pages in the guest quickly (if the balloon target is high).
524 	 * As a side-effect, draining free pages helps to inform (force)
525 	 * the guest to start swapping if balloon target is not met yet,
526 	 * which is a desired behavior. However, balloon driver can consume
527 	 * all available CPU cycles if too many pages are allocated in a
528 	 * second. Therefore, we throttle nosleep allocations even when
529 	 * the guest is not under memory pressure. OTOH, if we have already
530 	 * predicted that the guest is under memory pressure, then we
531 	 * slowdown page allocations considerably.
532 	 */
533 
534 	goal = b->target - b->size;
535 	/*
536 	 * Start with no sleep allocation rate which may be higher
537 	 * than sleeping allocation rate.
538 	 */
539 	rate = b->slow_allocation_cycles ?
540 			b->rate_alloc : VMW_BALLOON_NOSLEEP_ALLOC_MAX;
541 
542 	pr_debug("%s - goal: %d, no-sleep rate: %d, sleep rate: %d\n",
543 		 __func__, goal, rate, b->rate_alloc);
544 
545 	for (i = 0; i < goal; i++) {
546 
547 		error = vmballoon_reserve_page(b, alloc_can_sleep);
548 		if (error) {
549 			if (error != -ENOMEM) {
550 				/*
551 				 * Not a page allocation failure, stop this
552 				 * cycle. Maybe we'll get new target from
553 				 * the host soon.
554 				 */
555 				break;
556 			}
557 
558 			if (alloc_can_sleep) {
559 				/*
560 				 * CANSLEEP page allocation failed, so guest
561 				 * is under severe memory pressure. Quickly
562 				 * decrease allocation rate.
563 				 */
564 				b->rate_alloc = max(b->rate_alloc / 2,
565 						    VMW_BALLOON_RATE_ALLOC_MIN);
566 				break;
567 			}
568 
569 			/*
570 			 * NOSLEEP page allocation failed, so the guest is
571 			 * under memory pressure. Let us slow down page
572 			 * allocations for next few cycles so that the guest
573 			 * gets out of memory pressure. Also, if we already
574 			 * allocated b->rate_alloc pages, let's pause,
575 			 * otherwise switch to sleeping allocations.
576 			 */
577 			b->slow_allocation_cycles = VMW_BALLOON_SLOW_CYCLES;
578 
579 			if (i >= b->rate_alloc)
580 				break;
581 
582 			alloc_can_sleep = true;
583 			/* Lower rate for sleeping allocations. */
584 			rate = b->rate_alloc;
585 		}
586 
587 		if (++allocations > VMW_BALLOON_YIELD_THRESHOLD) {
588 			cond_resched();
589 			allocations = 0;
590 		}
591 
592 		if (i >= rate) {
593 			/* We allocated enough pages, let's take a break. */
594 			break;
595 		}
596 	}
597 
598 	/*
599 	 * We reached our goal without failures so try increasing
600 	 * allocation rate.
601 	 */
602 	if (error == 0 && i >= b->rate_alloc) {
603 		unsigned int mult = i / b->rate_alloc;
604 
605 		b->rate_alloc =
606 			min(b->rate_alloc + mult * VMW_BALLOON_RATE_ALLOC_INC,
607 			    VMW_BALLOON_RATE_ALLOC_MAX);
608 	}
609 
610 	vmballoon_release_refused_pages(b);
611 }
612 
613 /*
614  * Decrease the size of the balloon allowing guest to use more memory.
615  */
616 static void vmballoon_deflate(struct vmballoon *b)
617 {
618 	struct page *page, *next;
619 	unsigned int i = 0;
620 	unsigned int goal;
621 	int error;
622 
623 	pr_debug("%s - size: %d, target %d\n", __func__, b->size, b->target);
624 
625 	/* limit deallocation rate */
626 	goal = min(b->size - b->target, b->rate_free);
627 
628 	pr_debug("%s - goal: %d, rate: %d\n", __func__, goal, b->rate_free);
629 
630 	/* free pages to reach target */
631 	list_for_each_entry_safe(page, next, &b->pages, lru) {
632 		error = vmballoon_release_page(b, page);
633 		if (error) {
634 			/* quickly decrease rate in case of error */
635 			b->rate_free = max(b->rate_free / 2,
636 					   VMW_BALLOON_RATE_FREE_MIN);
637 			return;
638 		}
639 
640 		if (++i >= goal)
641 			break;
642 	}
643 
644 	/* slowly increase rate if there were no errors */
645 	b->rate_free = min(b->rate_free + VMW_BALLOON_RATE_FREE_INC,
646 			   VMW_BALLOON_RATE_FREE_MAX);
647 }
648 
649 /*
650  * Balloon work function: reset protocol, if needed, get the new size and
651  * adjust balloon as needed. Repeat in 1 sec.
652  */
653 static void vmballoon_work(struct work_struct *work)
654 {
655 	struct delayed_work *dwork = to_delayed_work(work);
656 	struct vmballoon *b = container_of(dwork, struct vmballoon, dwork);
657 	unsigned int target;
658 
659 	STATS_INC(b->stats.timer);
660 
661 	if (b->reset_required)
662 		vmballoon_reset(b);
663 
664 	if (b->slow_allocation_cycles > 0)
665 		b->slow_allocation_cycles--;
666 
667 	if (vmballoon_send_get_target(b, &target)) {
668 		/* update target, adjust size */
669 		b->target = target;
670 
671 		if (b->size < target)
672 			vmballoon_inflate(b);
673 		else if (b->size > target)
674 			vmballoon_deflate(b);
675 	}
676 
677 	/*
678 	 * We are using a freezable workqueue so that balloon operations are
679 	 * stopped while the system transitions to/from sleep/hibernation.
680 	 */
681 	queue_delayed_work(system_freezable_wq,
682 			   dwork, round_jiffies_relative(HZ));
683 }
684 
685 /*
686  * DEBUGFS Interface
687  */
688 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_FS
689 
690 static int vmballoon_debug_show(struct seq_file *f, void *offset)
691 {
692 	struct vmballoon *b = f->private;
693 	struct vmballoon_stats *stats = &b->stats;
694 
695 	/* format size info */
696 	seq_printf(f,
697 		   "target:             %8d pages\n"
698 		   "current:            %8d pages\n",
699 		   b->target, b->size);
700 
701 	/* format rate info */
702 	seq_printf(f,
703 		   "rateNoSleepAlloc:   %8d pages/sec\n"
704 		   "rateSleepAlloc:     %8d pages/sec\n"
705 		   "rateFree:           %8d pages/sec\n",
706 		   VMW_BALLOON_NOSLEEP_ALLOC_MAX,
707 		   b->rate_alloc, b->rate_free);
708 
709 	seq_printf(f,
710 		   "\n"
711 		   "timer:              %8u\n"
712 		   "start:              %8u (%4u failed)\n"
713 		   "guestType:          %8u (%4u failed)\n"
714 		   "lock:               %8u (%4u failed)\n"
715 		   "unlock:             %8u (%4u failed)\n"
716 		   "target:             %8u (%4u failed)\n"
717 		   "primNoSleepAlloc:   %8u (%4u failed)\n"
718 		   "primCanSleepAlloc:  %8u (%4u failed)\n"
719 		   "primFree:           %8u\n"
720 		   "errAlloc:           %8u\n"
721 		   "errFree:            %8u\n",
722 		   stats->timer,
723 		   stats->start, stats->start_fail,
724 		   stats->guest_type, stats->guest_type_fail,
725 		   stats->lock,  stats->lock_fail,
726 		   stats->unlock, stats->unlock_fail,
727 		   stats->target, stats->target_fail,
728 		   stats->alloc, stats->alloc_fail,
729 		   stats->sleep_alloc, stats->sleep_alloc_fail,
730 		   stats->free,
731 		   stats->refused_alloc, stats->refused_free);
732 
733 	return 0;
734 }
735 
736 static int vmballoon_debug_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
737 {
738 	return single_open(file, vmballoon_debug_show, inode->i_private);
739 }
740 
741 static const struct file_operations vmballoon_debug_fops = {
742 	.owner		= THIS_MODULE,
743 	.open		= vmballoon_debug_open,
744 	.read		= seq_read,
745 	.llseek		= seq_lseek,
746 	.release	= single_release,
747 };
748 
749 static int __init vmballoon_debugfs_init(struct vmballoon *b)
750 {
751 	int error;
752 
753 	b->dbg_entry = debugfs_create_file("vmmemctl", S_IRUGO, NULL, b,
754 					   &vmballoon_debug_fops);
755 	if (IS_ERR(b->dbg_entry)) {
756 		error = PTR_ERR(b->dbg_entry);
757 		pr_err("failed to create debugfs entry, error: %d\n", error);
758 		return error;
759 	}
760 
761 	return 0;
762 }
763 
764 static void __exit vmballoon_debugfs_exit(struct vmballoon *b)
765 {
766 	debugfs_remove(b->dbg_entry);
767 }
768 
769 #else
770 
771 static inline int vmballoon_debugfs_init(struct vmballoon *b)
772 {
773 	return 0;
774 }
775 
776 static inline void vmballoon_debugfs_exit(struct vmballoon *b)
777 {
778 }
779 
780 #endif	/* CONFIG_DEBUG_FS */
781 
782 static int __init vmballoon_init(void)
783 {
784 	int error;
785 
786 	/*
787 	 * Check if we are running on VMware's hypervisor and bail out
788 	 * if we are not.
789 	 */
790 	if (x86_hyper != &x86_hyper_vmware)
791 		return -ENODEV;
792 
793 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&balloon.pages);
794 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&balloon.refused_pages);
795 
796 	/* initialize rates */
797 	balloon.rate_alloc = VMW_BALLOON_RATE_ALLOC_MAX;
798 	balloon.rate_free = VMW_BALLOON_RATE_FREE_MAX;
799 
800 	INIT_DELAYED_WORK(&balloon.dwork, vmballoon_work);
801 
802 	/*
803 	 * Start balloon.
804 	 */
805 	if (!vmballoon_send_start(&balloon)) {
806 		pr_err("failed to send start command to the host\n");
807 		return -EIO;
808 	}
809 
810 	if (!vmballoon_send_guest_id(&balloon)) {
811 		pr_err("failed to send guest ID to the host\n");
812 		return -EIO;
813 	}
814 
815 	error = vmballoon_debugfs_init(&balloon);
816 	if (error)
817 		return error;
818 
819 	queue_delayed_work(system_freezable_wq, &balloon.dwork, 0);
820 
821 	return 0;
822 }
823 module_init(vmballoon_init);
824 
825 static void __exit vmballoon_exit(void)
826 {
827 	cancel_delayed_work_sync(&balloon.dwork);
828 
829 	vmballoon_debugfs_exit(&balloon);
830 
831 	/*
832 	 * Deallocate all reserved memory, and reset connection with monitor.
833 	 * Reset connection before deallocating memory to avoid potential for
834 	 * additional spurious resets from guest touching deallocated pages.
835 	 */
836 	vmballoon_send_start(&balloon);
837 	vmballoon_pop(&balloon);
838 }
839 module_exit(vmballoon_exit);
840