xref: /linux/drivers/md/dm-verity-target.c (revision c2dfe29f30d8850af324449f416491b171af19aa)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /*
3  * Copyright (C) 2012 Red Hat, Inc.
4  *
5  * Author: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
6  *
7  * Based on Chromium dm-verity driver (C) 2011 The Chromium OS Authors
8  *
9  * In the file "/sys/module/dm_verity/parameters/prefetch_cluster" you can set
10  * default prefetch value. Data are read in "prefetch_cluster" chunks from the
11  * hash device. Setting this greatly improves performance when data and hash
12  * are on the same disk on different partitions on devices with poor random
13  * access behavior.
14  */
15 
16 #include "dm-verity.h"
17 #include "dm-verity-fec.h"
18 #include "dm-verity-verify-sig.h"
19 #include "dm-audit.h"
20 #include <linux/module.h>
21 #include <linux/reboot.h>
22 #include <linux/scatterlist.h>
23 #include <linux/string.h>
24 #include <linux/jump_label.h>
25 
26 #define DM_MSG_PREFIX			"verity"
27 
28 #define DM_VERITY_ENV_LENGTH		42
29 #define DM_VERITY_ENV_VAR_NAME		"DM_VERITY_ERR_BLOCK_NR"
30 
31 #define DM_VERITY_DEFAULT_PREFETCH_SIZE	262144
32 
33 #define DM_VERITY_MAX_CORRUPTED_ERRS	100
34 
35 #define DM_VERITY_OPT_LOGGING		"ignore_corruption"
36 #define DM_VERITY_OPT_RESTART		"restart_on_corruption"
37 #define DM_VERITY_OPT_PANIC		"panic_on_corruption"
38 #define DM_VERITY_OPT_IGN_ZEROES	"ignore_zero_blocks"
39 #define DM_VERITY_OPT_AT_MOST_ONCE	"check_at_most_once"
40 #define DM_VERITY_OPT_TASKLET_VERIFY	"try_verify_in_tasklet"
41 
42 #define DM_VERITY_OPTS_MAX		(4 + DM_VERITY_OPTS_FEC + \
43 					 DM_VERITY_ROOT_HASH_VERIFICATION_OPTS)
44 
45 static unsigned int dm_verity_prefetch_cluster = DM_VERITY_DEFAULT_PREFETCH_SIZE;
46 
47 module_param_named(prefetch_cluster, dm_verity_prefetch_cluster, uint, 0644);
48 
49 static DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(use_tasklet_enabled);
50 
51 struct dm_verity_prefetch_work {
52 	struct work_struct work;
53 	struct dm_verity *v;
54 	sector_t block;
55 	unsigned int n_blocks;
56 };
57 
58 /*
59  * Auxiliary structure appended to each dm-bufio buffer. If the value
60  * hash_verified is nonzero, hash of the block has been verified.
61  *
62  * The variable hash_verified is set to 0 when allocating the buffer, then
63  * it can be changed to 1 and it is never reset to 0 again.
64  *
65  * There is no lock around this value, a race condition can at worst cause
66  * that multiple processes verify the hash of the same buffer simultaneously
67  * and write 1 to hash_verified simultaneously.
68  * This condition is harmless, so we don't need locking.
69  */
70 struct buffer_aux {
71 	int hash_verified;
72 };
73 
74 /*
75  * Initialize struct buffer_aux for a freshly created buffer.
76  */
77 static void dm_bufio_alloc_callback(struct dm_buffer *buf)
78 {
79 	struct buffer_aux *aux = dm_bufio_get_aux_data(buf);
80 
81 	aux->hash_verified = 0;
82 }
83 
84 /*
85  * Translate input sector number to the sector number on the target device.
86  */
87 static sector_t verity_map_sector(struct dm_verity *v, sector_t bi_sector)
88 {
89 	return v->data_start + dm_target_offset(v->ti, bi_sector);
90 }
91 
92 /*
93  * Return hash position of a specified block at a specified tree level
94  * (0 is the lowest level).
95  * The lowest "hash_per_block_bits"-bits of the result denote hash position
96  * inside a hash block. The remaining bits denote location of the hash block.
97  */
98 static sector_t verity_position_at_level(struct dm_verity *v, sector_t block,
99 					 int level)
100 {
101 	return block >> (level * v->hash_per_block_bits);
102 }
103 
104 static int verity_hash_update(struct dm_verity *v, struct ahash_request *req,
105 				const u8 *data, size_t len,
106 				struct crypto_wait *wait)
107 {
108 	struct scatterlist sg;
109 
110 	if (likely(!is_vmalloc_addr(data))) {
111 		sg_init_one(&sg, data, len);
112 		ahash_request_set_crypt(req, &sg, NULL, len);
113 		return crypto_wait_req(crypto_ahash_update(req), wait);
114 	}
115 
116 	do {
117 		int r;
118 		size_t this_step = min_t(size_t, len, PAGE_SIZE - offset_in_page(data));
119 
120 		flush_kernel_vmap_range((void *)data, this_step);
121 		sg_init_table(&sg, 1);
122 		sg_set_page(&sg, vmalloc_to_page(data), this_step, offset_in_page(data));
123 		ahash_request_set_crypt(req, &sg, NULL, this_step);
124 		r = crypto_wait_req(crypto_ahash_update(req), wait);
125 		if (unlikely(r))
126 			return r;
127 		data += this_step;
128 		len -= this_step;
129 	} while (len);
130 
131 	return 0;
132 }
133 
134 /*
135  * Wrapper for crypto_ahash_init, which handles verity salting.
136  */
137 static int verity_hash_init(struct dm_verity *v, struct ahash_request *req,
138 				struct crypto_wait *wait, bool may_sleep)
139 {
140 	int r;
141 
142 	ahash_request_set_tfm(req, v->tfm);
143 	ahash_request_set_callback(req,
144 		may_sleep ? CRYPTO_TFM_REQ_MAY_SLEEP | CRYPTO_TFM_REQ_MAY_BACKLOG : 0,
145 		crypto_req_done, (void *)wait);
146 	crypto_init_wait(wait);
147 
148 	r = crypto_wait_req(crypto_ahash_init(req), wait);
149 
150 	if (unlikely(r < 0)) {
151 		if (r != -ENOMEM)
152 			DMERR("crypto_ahash_init failed: %d", r);
153 		return r;
154 	}
155 
156 	if (likely(v->salt_size && (v->version >= 1)))
157 		r = verity_hash_update(v, req, v->salt, v->salt_size, wait);
158 
159 	return r;
160 }
161 
162 static int verity_hash_final(struct dm_verity *v, struct ahash_request *req,
163 			     u8 *digest, struct crypto_wait *wait)
164 {
165 	int r;
166 
167 	if (unlikely(v->salt_size && (!v->version))) {
168 		r = verity_hash_update(v, req, v->salt, v->salt_size, wait);
169 
170 		if (r < 0) {
171 			DMERR("%s failed updating salt: %d", __func__, r);
172 			goto out;
173 		}
174 	}
175 
176 	ahash_request_set_crypt(req, NULL, digest, 0);
177 	r = crypto_wait_req(crypto_ahash_final(req), wait);
178 out:
179 	return r;
180 }
181 
182 int verity_hash(struct dm_verity *v, struct ahash_request *req,
183 		const u8 *data, size_t len, u8 *digest, bool may_sleep)
184 {
185 	int r;
186 	struct crypto_wait wait;
187 
188 	r = verity_hash_init(v, req, &wait, may_sleep);
189 	if (unlikely(r < 0))
190 		goto out;
191 
192 	r = verity_hash_update(v, req, data, len, &wait);
193 	if (unlikely(r < 0))
194 		goto out;
195 
196 	r = verity_hash_final(v, req, digest, &wait);
197 
198 out:
199 	return r;
200 }
201 
202 static void verity_hash_at_level(struct dm_verity *v, sector_t block, int level,
203 				 sector_t *hash_block, unsigned int *offset)
204 {
205 	sector_t position = verity_position_at_level(v, block, level);
206 	unsigned int idx;
207 
208 	*hash_block = v->hash_level_block[level] + (position >> v->hash_per_block_bits);
209 
210 	if (!offset)
211 		return;
212 
213 	idx = position & ((1 << v->hash_per_block_bits) - 1);
214 	if (!v->version)
215 		*offset = idx * v->digest_size;
216 	else
217 		*offset = idx << (v->hash_dev_block_bits - v->hash_per_block_bits);
218 }
219 
220 /*
221  * Handle verification errors.
222  */
223 static int verity_handle_err(struct dm_verity *v, enum verity_block_type type,
224 			     unsigned long long block)
225 {
226 	char verity_env[DM_VERITY_ENV_LENGTH];
227 	char *envp[] = { verity_env, NULL };
228 	const char *type_str = "";
229 	struct mapped_device *md = dm_table_get_md(v->ti->table);
230 
231 	/* Corruption should be visible in device status in all modes */
232 	v->hash_failed = true;
233 
234 	if (v->corrupted_errs >= DM_VERITY_MAX_CORRUPTED_ERRS)
235 		goto out;
236 
237 	v->corrupted_errs++;
238 
239 	switch (type) {
240 	case DM_VERITY_BLOCK_TYPE_DATA:
241 		type_str = "data";
242 		break;
243 	case DM_VERITY_BLOCK_TYPE_METADATA:
244 		type_str = "metadata";
245 		break;
246 	default:
247 		BUG();
248 	}
249 
250 	DMERR_LIMIT("%s: %s block %llu is corrupted", v->data_dev->name,
251 		    type_str, block);
252 
253 	if (v->corrupted_errs == DM_VERITY_MAX_CORRUPTED_ERRS) {
254 		DMERR("%s: reached maximum errors", v->data_dev->name);
255 		dm_audit_log_target(DM_MSG_PREFIX, "max-corrupted-errors", v->ti, 0);
256 	}
257 
258 	snprintf(verity_env, DM_VERITY_ENV_LENGTH, "%s=%d,%llu",
259 		DM_VERITY_ENV_VAR_NAME, type, block);
260 
261 	kobject_uevent_env(&disk_to_dev(dm_disk(md))->kobj, KOBJ_CHANGE, envp);
262 
263 out:
264 	if (v->mode == DM_VERITY_MODE_LOGGING)
265 		return 0;
266 
267 	if (v->mode == DM_VERITY_MODE_RESTART)
268 		kernel_restart("dm-verity device corrupted");
269 
270 	if (v->mode == DM_VERITY_MODE_PANIC)
271 		panic("dm-verity device corrupted");
272 
273 	return 1;
274 }
275 
276 /*
277  * Verify hash of a metadata block pertaining to the specified data block
278  * ("block" argument) at a specified level ("level" argument).
279  *
280  * On successful return, verity_io_want_digest(v, io) contains the hash value
281  * for a lower tree level or for the data block (if we're at the lowest level).
282  *
283  * If "skip_unverified" is true, unverified buffer is skipped and 1 is returned.
284  * If "skip_unverified" is false, unverified buffer is hashed and verified
285  * against current value of verity_io_want_digest(v, io).
286  */
287 static int verity_verify_level(struct dm_verity *v, struct dm_verity_io *io,
288 			       sector_t block, int level, bool skip_unverified,
289 			       u8 *want_digest)
290 {
291 	struct dm_buffer *buf;
292 	struct buffer_aux *aux;
293 	u8 *data;
294 	int r;
295 	sector_t hash_block;
296 	unsigned int offset;
297 
298 	verity_hash_at_level(v, block, level, &hash_block, &offset);
299 
300 	if (static_branch_unlikely(&use_tasklet_enabled) && io->in_tasklet) {
301 		data = dm_bufio_get(v->bufio, hash_block, &buf);
302 		if (data == NULL) {
303 			/*
304 			 * In tasklet and the hash was not in the bufio cache.
305 			 * Return early and resume execution from a work-queue
306 			 * to read the hash from disk.
307 			 */
308 			return -EAGAIN;
309 		}
310 	} else
311 		data = dm_bufio_read(v->bufio, hash_block, &buf);
312 
313 	if (IS_ERR(data))
314 		return PTR_ERR(data);
315 
316 	aux = dm_bufio_get_aux_data(buf);
317 
318 	if (!aux->hash_verified) {
319 		if (skip_unverified) {
320 			r = 1;
321 			goto release_ret_r;
322 		}
323 
324 		r = verity_hash(v, verity_io_hash_req(v, io),
325 				data, 1 << v->hash_dev_block_bits,
326 				verity_io_real_digest(v, io), !io->in_tasklet);
327 		if (unlikely(r < 0))
328 			goto release_ret_r;
329 
330 		if (likely(memcmp(verity_io_real_digest(v, io), want_digest,
331 				  v->digest_size) == 0))
332 			aux->hash_verified = 1;
333 		else if (static_branch_unlikely(&use_tasklet_enabled) &&
334 			 io->in_tasklet) {
335 			/*
336 			 * Error handling code (FEC included) cannot be run in a
337 			 * tasklet since it may sleep, so fallback to work-queue.
338 			 */
339 			r = -EAGAIN;
340 			goto release_ret_r;
341 		} else if (verity_fec_decode(v, io, DM_VERITY_BLOCK_TYPE_METADATA,
342 					     hash_block, data, NULL) == 0)
343 			aux->hash_verified = 1;
344 		else if (verity_handle_err(v,
345 					   DM_VERITY_BLOCK_TYPE_METADATA,
346 					   hash_block)) {
347 			struct bio *bio =
348 				dm_bio_from_per_bio_data(io,
349 							 v->ti->per_io_data_size);
350 			dm_audit_log_bio(DM_MSG_PREFIX, "verify-metadata", bio,
351 					 block, 0);
352 			r = -EIO;
353 			goto release_ret_r;
354 		}
355 	}
356 
357 	data += offset;
358 	memcpy(want_digest, data, v->digest_size);
359 	r = 0;
360 
361 release_ret_r:
362 	dm_bufio_release(buf);
363 	return r;
364 }
365 
366 /*
367  * Find a hash for a given block, write it to digest and verify the integrity
368  * of the hash tree if necessary.
369  */
370 int verity_hash_for_block(struct dm_verity *v, struct dm_verity_io *io,
371 			  sector_t block, u8 *digest, bool *is_zero)
372 {
373 	int r = 0, i;
374 
375 	if (likely(v->levels)) {
376 		/*
377 		 * First, we try to get the requested hash for
378 		 * the current block. If the hash block itself is
379 		 * verified, zero is returned. If it isn't, this
380 		 * function returns 1 and we fall back to whole
381 		 * chain verification.
382 		 */
383 		r = verity_verify_level(v, io, block, 0, true, digest);
384 		if (likely(r <= 0))
385 			goto out;
386 	}
387 
388 	memcpy(digest, v->root_digest, v->digest_size);
389 
390 	for (i = v->levels - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
391 		r = verity_verify_level(v, io, block, i, false, digest);
392 		if (unlikely(r))
393 			goto out;
394 	}
395 out:
396 	if (!r && v->zero_digest)
397 		*is_zero = !memcmp(v->zero_digest, digest, v->digest_size);
398 	else
399 		*is_zero = false;
400 
401 	return r;
402 }
403 
404 /*
405  * Calculates the digest for the given bio
406  */
407 static int verity_for_io_block(struct dm_verity *v, struct dm_verity_io *io,
408 			       struct bvec_iter *iter, struct crypto_wait *wait)
409 {
410 	unsigned int todo = 1 << v->data_dev_block_bits;
411 	struct bio *bio = dm_bio_from_per_bio_data(io, v->ti->per_io_data_size);
412 	struct scatterlist sg;
413 	struct ahash_request *req = verity_io_hash_req(v, io);
414 
415 	do {
416 		int r;
417 		unsigned int len;
418 		struct bio_vec bv = bio_iter_iovec(bio, *iter);
419 
420 		sg_init_table(&sg, 1);
421 
422 		len = bv.bv_len;
423 
424 		if (likely(len >= todo))
425 			len = todo;
426 		/*
427 		 * Operating on a single page at a time looks suboptimal
428 		 * until you consider the typical block size is 4,096B.
429 		 * Going through this loops twice should be very rare.
430 		 */
431 		sg_set_page(&sg, bv.bv_page, len, bv.bv_offset);
432 		ahash_request_set_crypt(req, &sg, NULL, len);
433 		r = crypto_wait_req(crypto_ahash_update(req), wait);
434 
435 		if (unlikely(r < 0)) {
436 			DMERR("%s crypto op failed: %d", __func__, r);
437 			return r;
438 		}
439 
440 		bio_advance_iter(bio, iter, len);
441 		todo -= len;
442 	} while (todo);
443 
444 	return 0;
445 }
446 
447 /*
448  * Calls function process for 1 << v->data_dev_block_bits bytes in the bio_vec
449  * starting from iter.
450  */
451 int verity_for_bv_block(struct dm_verity *v, struct dm_verity_io *io,
452 			struct bvec_iter *iter,
453 			int (*process)(struct dm_verity *v,
454 				       struct dm_verity_io *io, u8 *data,
455 				       size_t len))
456 {
457 	unsigned int todo = 1 << v->data_dev_block_bits;
458 	struct bio *bio = dm_bio_from_per_bio_data(io, v->ti->per_io_data_size);
459 
460 	do {
461 		int r;
462 		u8 *page;
463 		unsigned int len;
464 		struct bio_vec bv = bio_iter_iovec(bio, *iter);
465 
466 		page = bvec_kmap_local(&bv);
467 		len = bv.bv_len;
468 
469 		if (likely(len >= todo))
470 			len = todo;
471 
472 		r = process(v, io, page, len);
473 		kunmap_local(page);
474 
475 		if (r < 0)
476 			return r;
477 
478 		bio_advance_iter(bio, iter, len);
479 		todo -= len;
480 	} while (todo);
481 
482 	return 0;
483 }
484 
485 static int verity_bv_zero(struct dm_verity *v, struct dm_verity_io *io,
486 			  u8 *data, size_t len)
487 {
488 	memset(data, 0, len);
489 	return 0;
490 }
491 
492 /*
493  * Moves the bio iter one data block forward.
494  */
495 static inline void verity_bv_skip_block(struct dm_verity *v,
496 					struct dm_verity_io *io,
497 					struct bvec_iter *iter)
498 {
499 	struct bio *bio = dm_bio_from_per_bio_data(io, v->ti->per_io_data_size);
500 
501 	bio_advance_iter(bio, iter, 1 << v->data_dev_block_bits);
502 }
503 
504 /*
505  * Verify one "dm_verity_io" structure.
506  */
507 static int verity_verify_io(struct dm_verity_io *io)
508 {
509 	bool is_zero;
510 	struct dm_verity *v = io->v;
511 #if defined(CONFIG_DM_VERITY_FEC)
512 	struct bvec_iter start;
513 #endif
514 	struct bvec_iter iter_copy;
515 	struct bvec_iter *iter;
516 	struct crypto_wait wait;
517 	struct bio *bio = dm_bio_from_per_bio_data(io, v->ti->per_io_data_size);
518 	unsigned int b;
519 
520 	if (static_branch_unlikely(&use_tasklet_enabled) && io->in_tasklet) {
521 		/*
522 		 * Copy the iterator in case we need to restart
523 		 * verification in a work-queue.
524 		 */
525 		iter_copy = io->iter;
526 		iter = &iter_copy;
527 	} else
528 		iter = &io->iter;
529 
530 	for (b = 0; b < io->n_blocks; b++) {
531 		int r;
532 		sector_t cur_block = io->block + b;
533 		struct ahash_request *req = verity_io_hash_req(v, io);
534 
535 		if (v->validated_blocks && bio->bi_status == BLK_STS_OK &&
536 		    likely(test_bit(cur_block, v->validated_blocks))) {
537 			verity_bv_skip_block(v, io, iter);
538 			continue;
539 		}
540 
541 		r = verity_hash_for_block(v, io, cur_block,
542 					  verity_io_want_digest(v, io),
543 					  &is_zero);
544 		if (unlikely(r < 0))
545 			return r;
546 
547 		if (is_zero) {
548 			/*
549 			 * If we expect a zero block, don't validate, just
550 			 * return zeros.
551 			 */
552 			r = verity_for_bv_block(v, io, iter,
553 						verity_bv_zero);
554 			if (unlikely(r < 0))
555 				return r;
556 
557 			continue;
558 		}
559 
560 		r = verity_hash_init(v, req, &wait, !io->in_tasklet);
561 		if (unlikely(r < 0))
562 			return r;
563 
564 #if defined(CONFIG_DM_VERITY_FEC)
565 		if (verity_fec_is_enabled(v))
566 			start = *iter;
567 #endif
568 		r = verity_for_io_block(v, io, iter, &wait);
569 		if (unlikely(r < 0))
570 			return r;
571 
572 		r = verity_hash_final(v, req, verity_io_real_digest(v, io),
573 					&wait);
574 		if (unlikely(r < 0))
575 			return r;
576 
577 		if (likely(memcmp(verity_io_real_digest(v, io),
578 				  verity_io_want_digest(v, io), v->digest_size) == 0)) {
579 			if (v->validated_blocks)
580 				set_bit(cur_block, v->validated_blocks);
581 			continue;
582 		} else if (static_branch_unlikely(&use_tasklet_enabled) &&
583 			   io->in_tasklet) {
584 			/*
585 			 * Error handling code (FEC included) cannot be run in a
586 			 * tasklet since it may sleep, so fallback to work-queue.
587 			 */
588 			return -EAGAIN;
589 #if defined(CONFIG_DM_VERITY_FEC)
590 		} else if (verity_fec_decode(v, io, DM_VERITY_BLOCK_TYPE_DATA,
591 					     cur_block, NULL, &start) == 0) {
592 			continue;
593 #endif
594 		} else {
595 			if (bio->bi_status) {
596 				/*
597 				 * Error correction failed; Just return error
598 				 */
599 				return -EIO;
600 			}
601 			if (verity_handle_err(v, DM_VERITY_BLOCK_TYPE_DATA,
602 					      cur_block)) {
603 				dm_audit_log_bio(DM_MSG_PREFIX, "verify-data",
604 						 bio, cur_block, 0);
605 				return -EIO;
606 			}
607 		}
608 	}
609 
610 	return 0;
611 }
612 
613 /*
614  * Skip verity work in response to I/O error when system is shutting down.
615  */
616 static inline bool verity_is_system_shutting_down(void)
617 {
618 	return system_state == SYSTEM_HALT || system_state == SYSTEM_POWER_OFF
619 		|| system_state == SYSTEM_RESTART;
620 }
621 
622 /*
623  * End one "io" structure with a given error.
624  */
625 static void verity_finish_io(struct dm_verity_io *io, blk_status_t status)
626 {
627 	struct dm_verity *v = io->v;
628 	struct bio *bio = dm_bio_from_per_bio_data(io, v->ti->per_io_data_size);
629 
630 	bio->bi_end_io = io->orig_bi_end_io;
631 	bio->bi_status = status;
632 
633 	if (!static_branch_unlikely(&use_tasklet_enabled) || !io->in_tasklet)
634 		verity_fec_finish_io(io);
635 
636 	bio_endio(bio);
637 }
638 
639 static void verity_work(struct work_struct *w)
640 {
641 	struct dm_verity_io *io = container_of(w, struct dm_verity_io, work);
642 
643 	io->in_tasklet = false;
644 
645 	verity_fec_init_io(io);
646 	verity_finish_io(io, errno_to_blk_status(verity_verify_io(io)));
647 }
648 
649 static void verity_tasklet(unsigned long data)
650 {
651 	struct dm_verity_io *io = (struct dm_verity_io *)data;
652 	int err;
653 
654 	io->in_tasklet = true;
655 	err = verity_verify_io(io);
656 	if (err == -EAGAIN || err == -ENOMEM) {
657 		/* fallback to retrying with work-queue */
658 		INIT_WORK(&io->work, verity_work);
659 		queue_work(io->v->verify_wq, &io->work);
660 		return;
661 	}
662 
663 	verity_finish_io(io, errno_to_blk_status(err));
664 }
665 
666 static void verity_end_io(struct bio *bio)
667 {
668 	struct dm_verity_io *io = bio->bi_private;
669 
670 	if (bio->bi_status &&
671 	    (!verity_fec_is_enabled(io->v) || verity_is_system_shutting_down())) {
672 		verity_finish_io(io, bio->bi_status);
673 		return;
674 	}
675 
676 	if (static_branch_unlikely(&use_tasklet_enabled) && io->v->use_tasklet) {
677 		tasklet_init(&io->tasklet, verity_tasklet, (unsigned long)io);
678 		tasklet_schedule(&io->tasklet);
679 	} else {
680 		INIT_WORK(&io->work, verity_work);
681 		queue_work(io->v->verify_wq, &io->work);
682 	}
683 }
684 
685 /*
686  * Prefetch buffers for the specified io.
687  * The root buffer is not prefetched, it is assumed that it will be cached
688  * all the time.
689  */
690 static void verity_prefetch_io(struct work_struct *work)
691 {
692 	struct dm_verity_prefetch_work *pw =
693 		container_of(work, struct dm_verity_prefetch_work, work);
694 	struct dm_verity *v = pw->v;
695 	int i;
696 
697 	for (i = v->levels - 2; i >= 0; i--) {
698 		sector_t hash_block_start;
699 		sector_t hash_block_end;
700 
701 		verity_hash_at_level(v, pw->block, i, &hash_block_start, NULL);
702 		verity_hash_at_level(v, pw->block + pw->n_blocks - 1, i, &hash_block_end, NULL);
703 
704 		if (!i) {
705 			unsigned int cluster = READ_ONCE(dm_verity_prefetch_cluster);
706 
707 			cluster >>= v->data_dev_block_bits;
708 			if (unlikely(!cluster))
709 				goto no_prefetch_cluster;
710 
711 			if (unlikely(cluster & (cluster - 1)))
712 				cluster = 1 << __fls(cluster);
713 
714 			hash_block_start &= ~(sector_t)(cluster - 1);
715 			hash_block_end |= cluster - 1;
716 			if (unlikely(hash_block_end >= v->hash_blocks))
717 				hash_block_end = v->hash_blocks - 1;
718 		}
719 no_prefetch_cluster:
720 		dm_bufio_prefetch(v->bufio, hash_block_start,
721 				  hash_block_end - hash_block_start + 1);
722 	}
723 
724 	kfree(pw);
725 }
726 
727 static void verity_submit_prefetch(struct dm_verity *v, struct dm_verity_io *io)
728 {
729 	sector_t block = io->block;
730 	unsigned int n_blocks = io->n_blocks;
731 	struct dm_verity_prefetch_work *pw;
732 
733 	if (v->validated_blocks) {
734 		while (n_blocks && test_bit(block, v->validated_blocks)) {
735 			block++;
736 			n_blocks--;
737 		}
738 		while (n_blocks && test_bit(block + n_blocks - 1,
739 					    v->validated_blocks))
740 			n_blocks--;
741 		if (!n_blocks)
742 			return;
743 	}
744 
745 	pw = kmalloc(sizeof(struct dm_verity_prefetch_work),
746 		GFP_NOIO | __GFP_NORETRY | __GFP_NOMEMALLOC | __GFP_NOWARN);
747 
748 	if (!pw)
749 		return;
750 
751 	INIT_WORK(&pw->work, verity_prefetch_io);
752 	pw->v = v;
753 	pw->block = block;
754 	pw->n_blocks = n_blocks;
755 	queue_work(v->verify_wq, &pw->work);
756 }
757 
758 /*
759  * Bio map function. It allocates dm_verity_io structure and bio vector and
760  * fills them. Then it issues prefetches and the I/O.
761  */
762 static int verity_map(struct dm_target *ti, struct bio *bio)
763 {
764 	struct dm_verity *v = ti->private;
765 	struct dm_verity_io *io;
766 
767 	bio_set_dev(bio, v->data_dev->bdev);
768 	bio->bi_iter.bi_sector = verity_map_sector(v, bio->bi_iter.bi_sector);
769 
770 	if (((unsigned int)bio->bi_iter.bi_sector | bio_sectors(bio)) &
771 	    ((1 << (v->data_dev_block_bits - SECTOR_SHIFT)) - 1)) {
772 		DMERR_LIMIT("unaligned io");
773 		return DM_MAPIO_KILL;
774 	}
775 
776 	if (bio_end_sector(bio) >>
777 	    (v->data_dev_block_bits - SECTOR_SHIFT) > v->data_blocks) {
778 		DMERR_LIMIT("io out of range");
779 		return DM_MAPIO_KILL;
780 	}
781 
782 	if (bio_data_dir(bio) == WRITE)
783 		return DM_MAPIO_KILL;
784 
785 	io = dm_per_bio_data(bio, ti->per_io_data_size);
786 	io->v = v;
787 	io->orig_bi_end_io = bio->bi_end_io;
788 	io->block = bio->bi_iter.bi_sector >> (v->data_dev_block_bits - SECTOR_SHIFT);
789 	io->n_blocks = bio->bi_iter.bi_size >> v->data_dev_block_bits;
790 
791 	bio->bi_end_io = verity_end_io;
792 	bio->bi_private = io;
793 	io->iter = bio->bi_iter;
794 
795 	verity_submit_prefetch(v, io);
796 
797 	submit_bio_noacct(bio);
798 
799 	return DM_MAPIO_SUBMITTED;
800 }
801 
802 /*
803  * Status: V (valid) or C (corruption found)
804  */
805 static void verity_status(struct dm_target *ti, status_type_t type,
806 			  unsigned int status_flags, char *result, unsigned int maxlen)
807 {
808 	struct dm_verity *v = ti->private;
809 	unsigned int args = 0;
810 	unsigned int sz = 0;
811 	unsigned int x;
812 
813 	switch (type) {
814 	case STATUSTYPE_INFO:
815 		DMEMIT("%c", v->hash_failed ? 'C' : 'V');
816 		break;
817 	case STATUSTYPE_TABLE:
818 		DMEMIT("%u %s %s %u %u %llu %llu %s ",
819 			v->version,
820 			v->data_dev->name,
821 			v->hash_dev->name,
822 			1 << v->data_dev_block_bits,
823 			1 << v->hash_dev_block_bits,
824 			(unsigned long long)v->data_blocks,
825 			(unsigned long long)v->hash_start,
826 			v->alg_name
827 			);
828 		for (x = 0; x < v->digest_size; x++)
829 			DMEMIT("%02x", v->root_digest[x]);
830 		DMEMIT(" ");
831 		if (!v->salt_size)
832 			DMEMIT("-");
833 		else
834 			for (x = 0; x < v->salt_size; x++)
835 				DMEMIT("%02x", v->salt[x]);
836 		if (v->mode != DM_VERITY_MODE_EIO)
837 			args++;
838 		if (verity_fec_is_enabled(v))
839 			args += DM_VERITY_OPTS_FEC;
840 		if (v->zero_digest)
841 			args++;
842 		if (v->validated_blocks)
843 			args++;
844 		if (v->use_tasklet)
845 			args++;
846 		if (v->signature_key_desc)
847 			args += DM_VERITY_ROOT_HASH_VERIFICATION_OPTS;
848 		if (!args)
849 			return;
850 		DMEMIT(" %u", args);
851 		if (v->mode != DM_VERITY_MODE_EIO) {
852 			DMEMIT(" ");
853 			switch (v->mode) {
854 			case DM_VERITY_MODE_LOGGING:
855 				DMEMIT(DM_VERITY_OPT_LOGGING);
856 				break;
857 			case DM_VERITY_MODE_RESTART:
858 				DMEMIT(DM_VERITY_OPT_RESTART);
859 				break;
860 			case DM_VERITY_MODE_PANIC:
861 				DMEMIT(DM_VERITY_OPT_PANIC);
862 				break;
863 			default:
864 				BUG();
865 			}
866 		}
867 		if (v->zero_digest)
868 			DMEMIT(" " DM_VERITY_OPT_IGN_ZEROES);
869 		if (v->validated_blocks)
870 			DMEMIT(" " DM_VERITY_OPT_AT_MOST_ONCE);
871 		if (v->use_tasklet)
872 			DMEMIT(" " DM_VERITY_OPT_TASKLET_VERIFY);
873 		sz = verity_fec_status_table(v, sz, result, maxlen);
874 		if (v->signature_key_desc)
875 			DMEMIT(" " DM_VERITY_ROOT_HASH_VERIFICATION_OPT_SIG_KEY
876 				" %s", v->signature_key_desc);
877 		break;
878 
879 	case STATUSTYPE_IMA:
880 		DMEMIT_TARGET_NAME_VERSION(ti->type);
881 		DMEMIT(",hash_failed=%c", v->hash_failed ? 'C' : 'V');
882 		DMEMIT(",verity_version=%u", v->version);
883 		DMEMIT(",data_device_name=%s", v->data_dev->name);
884 		DMEMIT(",hash_device_name=%s", v->hash_dev->name);
885 		DMEMIT(",verity_algorithm=%s", v->alg_name);
886 
887 		DMEMIT(",root_digest=");
888 		for (x = 0; x < v->digest_size; x++)
889 			DMEMIT("%02x", v->root_digest[x]);
890 
891 		DMEMIT(",salt=");
892 		if (!v->salt_size)
893 			DMEMIT("-");
894 		else
895 			for (x = 0; x < v->salt_size; x++)
896 				DMEMIT("%02x", v->salt[x]);
897 
898 		DMEMIT(",ignore_zero_blocks=%c", v->zero_digest ? 'y' : 'n');
899 		DMEMIT(",check_at_most_once=%c", v->validated_blocks ? 'y' : 'n');
900 		if (v->signature_key_desc)
901 			DMEMIT(",root_hash_sig_key_desc=%s", v->signature_key_desc);
902 
903 		if (v->mode != DM_VERITY_MODE_EIO) {
904 			DMEMIT(",verity_mode=");
905 			switch (v->mode) {
906 			case DM_VERITY_MODE_LOGGING:
907 				DMEMIT(DM_VERITY_OPT_LOGGING);
908 				break;
909 			case DM_VERITY_MODE_RESTART:
910 				DMEMIT(DM_VERITY_OPT_RESTART);
911 				break;
912 			case DM_VERITY_MODE_PANIC:
913 				DMEMIT(DM_VERITY_OPT_PANIC);
914 				break;
915 			default:
916 				DMEMIT("invalid");
917 			}
918 		}
919 		DMEMIT(";");
920 		break;
921 	}
922 }
923 
924 static int verity_prepare_ioctl(struct dm_target *ti, struct block_device **bdev)
925 {
926 	struct dm_verity *v = ti->private;
927 
928 	*bdev = v->data_dev->bdev;
929 
930 	if (v->data_start || ti->len != bdev_nr_sectors(v->data_dev->bdev))
931 		return 1;
932 	return 0;
933 }
934 
935 static int verity_iterate_devices(struct dm_target *ti,
936 				  iterate_devices_callout_fn fn, void *data)
937 {
938 	struct dm_verity *v = ti->private;
939 
940 	return fn(ti, v->data_dev, v->data_start, ti->len, data);
941 }
942 
943 static void verity_io_hints(struct dm_target *ti, struct queue_limits *limits)
944 {
945 	struct dm_verity *v = ti->private;
946 
947 	if (limits->logical_block_size < 1 << v->data_dev_block_bits)
948 		limits->logical_block_size = 1 << v->data_dev_block_bits;
949 
950 	if (limits->physical_block_size < 1 << v->data_dev_block_bits)
951 		limits->physical_block_size = 1 << v->data_dev_block_bits;
952 
953 	blk_limits_io_min(limits, limits->logical_block_size);
954 }
955 
956 static void verity_dtr(struct dm_target *ti)
957 {
958 	struct dm_verity *v = ti->private;
959 
960 	if (v->verify_wq)
961 		destroy_workqueue(v->verify_wq);
962 
963 	if (v->bufio)
964 		dm_bufio_client_destroy(v->bufio);
965 
966 	kvfree(v->validated_blocks);
967 	kfree(v->salt);
968 	kfree(v->root_digest);
969 	kfree(v->zero_digest);
970 
971 	if (v->tfm)
972 		crypto_free_ahash(v->tfm);
973 
974 	kfree(v->alg_name);
975 
976 	if (v->hash_dev)
977 		dm_put_device(ti, v->hash_dev);
978 
979 	if (v->data_dev)
980 		dm_put_device(ti, v->data_dev);
981 
982 	verity_fec_dtr(v);
983 
984 	kfree(v->signature_key_desc);
985 
986 	if (v->use_tasklet)
987 		static_branch_dec(&use_tasklet_enabled);
988 
989 	kfree(v);
990 
991 	dm_audit_log_dtr(DM_MSG_PREFIX, ti, 1);
992 }
993 
994 static int verity_alloc_most_once(struct dm_verity *v)
995 {
996 	struct dm_target *ti = v->ti;
997 
998 	/* the bitset can only handle INT_MAX blocks */
999 	if (v->data_blocks > INT_MAX) {
1000 		ti->error = "device too large to use check_at_most_once";
1001 		return -E2BIG;
1002 	}
1003 
1004 	v->validated_blocks = kvcalloc(BITS_TO_LONGS(v->data_blocks),
1005 				       sizeof(unsigned long),
1006 				       GFP_KERNEL);
1007 	if (!v->validated_blocks) {
1008 		ti->error = "failed to allocate bitset for check_at_most_once";
1009 		return -ENOMEM;
1010 	}
1011 
1012 	return 0;
1013 }
1014 
1015 static int verity_alloc_zero_digest(struct dm_verity *v)
1016 {
1017 	int r = -ENOMEM;
1018 	struct ahash_request *req;
1019 	u8 *zero_data;
1020 
1021 	v->zero_digest = kmalloc(v->digest_size, GFP_KERNEL);
1022 
1023 	if (!v->zero_digest)
1024 		return r;
1025 
1026 	req = kmalloc(v->ahash_reqsize, GFP_KERNEL);
1027 
1028 	if (!req)
1029 		return r; /* verity_dtr will free zero_digest */
1030 
1031 	zero_data = kzalloc(1 << v->data_dev_block_bits, GFP_KERNEL);
1032 
1033 	if (!zero_data)
1034 		goto out;
1035 
1036 	r = verity_hash(v, req, zero_data, 1 << v->data_dev_block_bits,
1037 			v->zero_digest, true);
1038 
1039 out:
1040 	kfree(req);
1041 	kfree(zero_data);
1042 
1043 	return r;
1044 }
1045 
1046 static inline bool verity_is_verity_mode(const char *arg_name)
1047 {
1048 	return (!strcasecmp(arg_name, DM_VERITY_OPT_LOGGING) ||
1049 		!strcasecmp(arg_name, DM_VERITY_OPT_RESTART) ||
1050 		!strcasecmp(arg_name, DM_VERITY_OPT_PANIC));
1051 }
1052 
1053 static int verity_parse_verity_mode(struct dm_verity *v, const char *arg_name)
1054 {
1055 	if (v->mode)
1056 		return -EINVAL;
1057 
1058 	if (!strcasecmp(arg_name, DM_VERITY_OPT_LOGGING))
1059 		v->mode = DM_VERITY_MODE_LOGGING;
1060 	else if (!strcasecmp(arg_name, DM_VERITY_OPT_RESTART))
1061 		v->mode = DM_VERITY_MODE_RESTART;
1062 	else if (!strcasecmp(arg_name, DM_VERITY_OPT_PANIC))
1063 		v->mode = DM_VERITY_MODE_PANIC;
1064 
1065 	return 0;
1066 }
1067 
1068 static int verity_parse_opt_args(struct dm_arg_set *as, struct dm_verity *v,
1069 				 struct dm_verity_sig_opts *verify_args,
1070 				 bool only_modifier_opts)
1071 {
1072 	int r = 0;
1073 	unsigned int argc;
1074 	struct dm_target *ti = v->ti;
1075 	const char *arg_name;
1076 
1077 	static const struct dm_arg _args[] = {
1078 		{0, DM_VERITY_OPTS_MAX, "Invalid number of feature args"},
1079 	};
1080 
1081 	r = dm_read_arg_group(_args, as, &argc, &ti->error);
1082 	if (r)
1083 		return -EINVAL;
1084 
1085 	if (!argc)
1086 		return 0;
1087 
1088 	do {
1089 		arg_name = dm_shift_arg(as);
1090 		argc--;
1091 
1092 		if (verity_is_verity_mode(arg_name)) {
1093 			if (only_modifier_opts)
1094 				continue;
1095 			r = verity_parse_verity_mode(v, arg_name);
1096 			if (r) {
1097 				ti->error = "Conflicting error handling parameters";
1098 				return r;
1099 			}
1100 			continue;
1101 
1102 		} else if (!strcasecmp(arg_name, DM_VERITY_OPT_IGN_ZEROES)) {
1103 			if (only_modifier_opts)
1104 				continue;
1105 			r = verity_alloc_zero_digest(v);
1106 			if (r) {
1107 				ti->error = "Cannot allocate zero digest";
1108 				return r;
1109 			}
1110 			continue;
1111 
1112 		} else if (!strcasecmp(arg_name, DM_VERITY_OPT_AT_MOST_ONCE)) {
1113 			if (only_modifier_opts)
1114 				continue;
1115 			r = verity_alloc_most_once(v);
1116 			if (r)
1117 				return r;
1118 			continue;
1119 
1120 		} else if (!strcasecmp(arg_name, DM_VERITY_OPT_TASKLET_VERIFY)) {
1121 			v->use_tasklet = true;
1122 			static_branch_inc(&use_tasklet_enabled);
1123 			continue;
1124 
1125 		} else if (verity_is_fec_opt_arg(arg_name)) {
1126 			if (only_modifier_opts)
1127 				continue;
1128 			r = verity_fec_parse_opt_args(as, v, &argc, arg_name);
1129 			if (r)
1130 				return r;
1131 			continue;
1132 
1133 		} else if (verity_verify_is_sig_opt_arg(arg_name)) {
1134 			if (only_modifier_opts)
1135 				continue;
1136 			r = verity_verify_sig_parse_opt_args(as, v,
1137 							     verify_args,
1138 							     &argc, arg_name);
1139 			if (r)
1140 				return r;
1141 			continue;
1142 
1143 		} else if (only_modifier_opts) {
1144 			/*
1145 			 * Ignore unrecognized opt, could easily be an extra
1146 			 * argument to an option whose parsing was skipped.
1147 			 * Normal parsing (@only_modifier_opts=false) will
1148 			 * properly parse all options (and their extra args).
1149 			 */
1150 			continue;
1151 		}
1152 
1153 		DMERR("Unrecognized verity feature request: %s", arg_name);
1154 		ti->error = "Unrecognized verity feature request";
1155 		return -EINVAL;
1156 	} while (argc && !r);
1157 
1158 	return r;
1159 }
1160 
1161 /*
1162  * Target parameters:
1163  *	<version>	The current format is version 1.
1164  *			Vsn 0 is compatible with original Chromium OS releases.
1165  *	<data device>
1166  *	<hash device>
1167  *	<data block size>
1168  *	<hash block size>
1169  *	<the number of data blocks>
1170  *	<hash start block>
1171  *	<algorithm>
1172  *	<digest>
1173  *	<salt>		Hex string or "-" if no salt.
1174  */
1175 static int verity_ctr(struct dm_target *ti, unsigned int argc, char **argv)
1176 {
1177 	struct dm_verity *v;
1178 	struct dm_verity_sig_opts verify_args = {0};
1179 	struct dm_arg_set as;
1180 	unsigned int num;
1181 	unsigned long long num_ll;
1182 	int r;
1183 	int i;
1184 	sector_t hash_position;
1185 	char dummy;
1186 	char *root_hash_digest_to_validate;
1187 
1188 	v = kzalloc(sizeof(struct dm_verity), GFP_KERNEL);
1189 	if (!v) {
1190 		ti->error = "Cannot allocate verity structure";
1191 		return -ENOMEM;
1192 	}
1193 	ti->private = v;
1194 	v->ti = ti;
1195 
1196 	r = verity_fec_ctr_alloc(v);
1197 	if (r)
1198 		goto bad;
1199 
1200 	if ((dm_table_get_mode(ti->table) & ~BLK_OPEN_READ)) {
1201 		ti->error = "Device must be readonly";
1202 		r = -EINVAL;
1203 		goto bad;
1204 	}
1205 
1206 	if (argc < 10) {
1207 		ti->error = "Not enough arguments";
1208 		r = -EINVAL;
1209 		goto bad;
1210 	}
1211 
1212 	/* Parse optional parameters that modify primary args */
1213 	if (argc > 10) {
1214 		as.argc = argc - 10;
1215 		as.argv = argv + 10;
1216 		r = verity_parse_opt_args(&as, v, &verify_args, true);
1217 		if (r < 0)
1218 			goto bad;
1219 	}
1220 
1221 	if (sscanf(argv[0], "%u%c", &num, &dummy) != 1 ||
1222 	    num > 1) {
1223 		ti->error = "Invalid version";
1224 		r = -EINVAL;
1225 		goto bad;
1226 	}
1227 	v->version = num;
1228 
1229 	r = dm_get_device(ti, argv[1], BLK_OPEN_READ, &v->data_dev);
1230 	if (r) {
1231 		ti->error = "Data device lookup failed";
1232 		goto bad;
1233 	}
1234 
1235 	r = dm_get_device(ti, argv[2], BLK_OPEN_READ, &v->hash_dev);
1236 	if (r) {
1237 		ti->error = "Hash device lookup failed";
1238 		goto bad;
1239 	}
1240 
1241 	if (sscanf(argv[3], "%u%c", &num, &dummy) != 1 ||
1242 	    !num || (num & (num - 1)) ||
1243 	    num < bdev_logical_block_size(v->data_dev->bdev) ||
1244 	    num > PAGE_SIZE) {
1245 		ti->error = "Invalid data device block size";
1246 		r = -EINVAL;
1247 		goto bad;
1248 	}
1249 	v->data_dev_block_bits = __ffs(num);
1250 
1251 	if (sscanf(argv[4], "%u%c", &num, &dummy) != 1 ||
1252 	    !num || (num & (num - 1)) ||
1253 	    num < bdev_logical_block_size(v->hash_dev->bdev) ||
1254 	    num > INT_MAX) {
1255 		ti->error = "Invalid hash device block size";
1256 		r = -EINVAL;
1257 		goto bad;
1258 	}
1259 	v->hash_dev_block_bits = __ffs(num);
1260 
1261 	if (sscanf(argv[5], "%llu%c", &num_ll, &dummy) != 1 ||
1262 	    (sector_t)(num_ll << (v->data_dev_block_bits - SECTOR_SHIFT))
1263 	    >> (v->data_dev_block_bits - SECTOR_SHIFT) != num_ll) {
1264 		ti->error = "Invalid data blocks";
1265 		r = -EINVAL;
1266 		goto bad;
1267 	}
1268 	v->data_blocks = num_ll;
1269 
1270 	if (ti->len > (v->data_blocks << (v->data_dev_block_bits - SECTOR_SHIFT))) {
1271 		ti->error = "Data device is too small";
1272 		r = -EINVAL;
1273 		goto bad;
1274 	}
1275 
1276 	if (sscanf(argv[6], "%llu%c", &num_ll, &dummy) != 1 ||
1277 	    (sector_t)(num_ll << (v->hash_dev_block_bits - SECTOR_SHIFT))
1278 	    >> (v->hash_dev_block_bits - SECTOR_SHIFT) != num_ll) {
1279 		ti->error = "Invalid hash start";
1280 		r = -EINVAL;
1281 		goto bad;
1282 	}
1283 	v->hash_start = num_ll;
1284 
1285 	v->alg_name = kstrdup(argv[7], GFP_KERNEL);
1286 	if (!v->alg_name) {
1287 		ti->error = "Cannot allocate algorithm name";
1288 		r = -ENOMEM;
1289 		goto bad;
1290 	}
1291 
1292 	v->tfm = crypto_alloc_ahash(v->alg_name, 0,
1293 				    v->use_tasklet ? CRYPTO_ALG_ASYNC : 0);
1294 	if (IS_ERR(v->tfm)) {
1295 		ti->error = "Cannot initialize hash function";
1296 		r = PTR_ERR(v->tfm);
1297 		v->tfm = NULL;
1298 		goto bad;
1299 	}
1300 
1301 	/*
1302 	 * dm-verity performance can vary greatly depending on which hash
1303 	 * algorithm implementation is used.  Help people debug performance
1304 	 * problems by logging the ->cra_driver_name.
1305 	 */
1306 	DMINFO("%s using implementation \"%s\"", v->alg_name,
1307 	       crypto_hash_alg_common(v->tfm)->base.cra_driver_name);
1308 
1309 	v->digest_size = crypto_ahash_digestsize(v->tfm);
1310 	if ((1 << v->hash_dev_block_bits) < v->digest_size * 2) {
1311 		ti->error = "Digest size too big";
1312 		r = -EINVAL;
1313 		goto bad;
1314 	}
1315 	v->ahash_reqsize = sizeof(struct ahash_request) +
1316 		crypto_ahash_reqsize(v->tfm);
1317 
1318 	v->root_digest = kmalloc(v->digest_size, GFP_KERNEL);
1319 	if (!v->root_digest) {
1320 		ti->error = "Cannot allocate root digest";
1321 		r = -ENOMEM;
1322 		goto bad;
1323 	}
1324 	if (strlen(argv[8]) != v->digest_size * 2 ||
1325 	    hex2bin(v->root_digest, argv[8], v->digest_size)) {
1326 		ti->error = "Invalid root digest";
1327 		r = -EINVAL;
1328 		goto bad;
1329 	}
1330 	root_hash_digest_to_validate = argv[8];
1331 
1332 	if (strcmp(argv[9], "-")) {
1333 		v->salt_size = strlen(argv[9]) / 2;
1334 		v->salt = kmalloc(v->salt_size, GFP_KERNEL);
1335 		if (!v->salt) {
1336 			ti->error = "Cannot allocate salt";
1337 			r = -ENOMEM;
1338 			goto bad;
1339 		}
1340 		if (strlen(argv[9]) != v->salt_size * 2 ||
1341 		    hex2bin(v->salt, argv[9], v->salt_size)) {
1342 			ti->error = "Invalid salt";
1343 			r = -EINVAL;
1344 			goto bad;
1345 		}
1346 	}
1347 
1348 	argv += 10;
1349 	argc -= 10;
1350 
1351 	/* Optional parameters */
1352 	if (argc) {
1353 		as.argc = argc;
1354 		as.argv = argv;
1355 		r = verity_parse_opt_args(&as, v, &verify_args, false);
1356 		if (r < 0)
1357 			goto bad;
1358 	}
1359 
1360 	/* Root hash signature is  a optional parameter*/
1361 	r = verity_verify_root_hash(root_hash_digest_to_validate,
1362 				    strlen(root_hash_digest_to_validate),
1363 				    verify_args.sig,
1364 				    verify_args.sig_size);
1365 	if (r < 0) {
1366 		ti->error = "Root hash verification failed";
1367 		goto bad;
1368 	}
1369 	v->hash_per_block_bits =
1370 		__fls((1 << v->hash_dev_block_bits) / v->digest_size);
1371 
1372 	v->levels = 0;
1373 	if (v->data_blocks)
1374 		while (v->hash_per_block_bits * v->levels < 64 &&
1375 		       (unsigned long long)(v->data_blocks - 1) >>
1376 		       (v->hash_per_block_bits * v->levels))
1377 			v->levels++;
1378 
1379 	if (v->levels > DM_VERITY_MAX_LEVELS) {
1380 		ti->error = "Too many tree levels";
1381 		r = -E2BIG;
1382 		goto bad;
1383 	}
1384 
1385 	hash_position = v->hash_start;
1386 	for (i = v->levels - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
1387 		sector_t s;
1388 
1389 		v->hash_level_block[i] = hash_position;
1390 		s = (v->data_blocks + ((sector_t)1 << ((i + 1) * v->hash_per_block_bits)) - 1)
1391 					>> ((i + 1) * v->hash_per_block_bits);
1392 		if (hash_position + s < hash_position) {
1393 			ti->error = "Hash device offset overflow";
1394 			r = -E2BIG;
1395 			goto bad;
1396 		}
1397 		hash_position += s;
1398 	}
1399 	v->hash_blocks = hash_position;
1400 
1401 	v->bufio = dm_bufio_client_create(v->hash_dev->bdev,
1402 		1 << v->hash_dev_block_bits, 1, sizeof(struct buffer_aux),
1403 		dm_bufio_alloc_callback, NULL,
1404 		v->use_tasklet ? DM_BUFIO_CLIENT_NO_SLEEP : 0);
1405 	if (IS_ERR(v->bufio)) {
1406 		ti->error = "Cannot initialize dm-bufio";
1407 		r = PTR_ERR(v->bufio);
1408 		v->bufio = NULL;
1409 		goto bad;
1410 	}
1411 
1412 	if (dm_bufio_get_device_size(v->bufio) < v->hash_blocks) {
1413 		ti->error = "Hash device is too small";
1414 		r = -E2BIG;
1415 		goto bad;
1416 	}
1417 
1418 	/*
1419 	 * Using WQ_HIGHPRI improves throughput and completion latency by
1420 	 * reducing wait times when reading from a dm-verity device.
1421 	 *
1422 	 * Also as required for the "try_verify_in_tasklet" feature: WQ_HIGHPRI
1423 	 * allows verify_wq to preempt softirq since verification in tasklet
1424 	 * will fall-back to using it for error handling (or if the bufio cache
1425 	 * doesn't have required hashes).
1426 	 */
1427 	v->verify_wq = alloc_workqueue("kverityd", WQ_MEM_RECLAIM | WQ_HIGHPRI, 0);
1428 	if (!v->verify_wq) {
1429 		ti->error = "Cannot allocate workqueue";
1430 		r = -ENOMEM;
1431 		goto bad;
1432 	}
1433 
1434 	ti->per_io_data_size = sizeof(struct dm_verity_io) +
1435 				v->ahash_reqsize + v->digest_size * 2;
1436 
1437 	r = verity_fec_ctr(v);
1438 	if (r)
1439 		goto bad;
1440 
1441 	ti->per_io_data_size = roundup(ti->per_io_data_size,
1442 				       __alignof__(struct dm_verity_io));
1443 
1444 	verity_verify_sig_opts_cleanup(&verify_args);
1445 
1446 	dm_audit_log_ctr(DM_MSG_PREFIX, ti, 1);
1447 
1448 	return 0;
1449 
1450 bad:
1451 
1452 	verity_verify_sig_opts_cleanup(&verify_args);
1453 	dm_audit_log_ctr(DM_MSG_PREFIX, ti, 0);
1454 	verity_dtr(ti);
1455 
1456 	return r;
1457 }
1458 
1459 /*
1460  * Check whether a DM target is a verity target.
1461  */
1462 bool dm_is_verity_target(struct dm_target *ti)
1463 {
1464 	return ti->type->module == THIS_MODULE;
1465 }
1466 
1467 /*
1468  * Get the verity mode (error behavior) of a verity target.
1469  *
1470  * Returns the verity mode of the target, or -EINVAL if 'ti' is not a verity
1471  * target.
1472  */
1473 int dm_verity_get_mode(struct dm_target *ti)
1474 {
1475 	struct dm_verity *v = ti->private;
1476 
1477 	if (!dm_is_verity_target(ti))
1478 		return -EINVAL;
1479 
1480 	return v->mode;
1481 }
1482 
1483 /*
1484  * Get the root digest of a verity target.
1485  *
1486  * Returns a copy of the root digest, the caller is responsible for
1487  * freeing the memory of the digest.
1488  */
1489 int dm_verity_get_root_digest(struct dm_target *ti, u8 **root_digest, unsigned int *digest_size)
1490 {
1491 	struct dm_verity *v = ti->private;
1492 
1493 	if (!dm_is_verity_target(ti))
1494 		return -EINVAL;
1495 
1496 	*root_digest = kmemdup(v->root_digest, v->digest_size, GFP_KERNEL);
1497 	if (*root_digest == NULL)
1498 		return -ENOMEM;
1499 
1500 	*digest_size = v->digest_size;
1501 
1502 	return 0;
1503 }
1504 
1505 static struct target_type verity_target = {
1506 	.name		= "verity",
1507 	.features	= DM_TARGET_IMMUTABLE,
1508 	.version	= {1, 9, 0},
1509 	.module		= THIS_MODULE,
1510 	.ctr		= verity_ctr,
1511 	.dtr		= verity_dtr,
1512 	.map		= verity_map,
1513 	.status		= verity_status,
1514 	.prepare_ioctl	= verity_prepare_ioctl,
1515 	.iterate_devices = verity_iterate_devices,
1516 	.io_hints	= verity_io_hints,
1517 };
1518 module_dm(verity);
1519 
1520 MODULE_AUTHOR("Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>");
1521 MODULE_AUTHOR("Mandeep Baines <msb@chromium.org>");
1522 MODULE_AUTHOR("Will Drewry <wad@chromium.org>");
1523 MODULE_DESCRIPTION(DM_NAME " target for transparent disk integrity checking");
1524 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
1525