xref: /linux/drivers/md/dm-raid1.c (revision 3eeebf17f31c583f83e081b17b3076477cb96886)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (C) 2003 Sistina Software Limited.
3  * Copyright (C) 2005-2008 Red Hat, Inc. All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * This file is released under the GPL.
6  */
7 
8 #include "dm-bio-list.h"
9 #include "dm-bio-record.h"
10 
11 #include <linux/init.h>
12 #include <linux/mempool.h>
13 #include <linux/module.h>
14 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
15 #include <linux/slab.h>
16 #include <linux/workqueue.h>
17 #include <linux/device-mapper.h>
18 #include <linux/dm-io.h>
19 #include <linux/dm-dirty-log.h>
20 #include <linux/dm-kcopyd.h>
21 #include <linux/dm-region-hash.h>
22 
23 #define DM_MSG_PREFIX "raid1"
24 
25 #define MAX_RECOVERY 1	/* Maximum number of regions recovered in parallel. */
26 #define DM_IO_PAGES 64
27 #define DM_KCOPYD_PAGES 64
28 
29 #define DM_RAID1_HANDLE_ERRORS 0x01
30 #define errors_handled(p)	((p)->features & DM_RAID1_HANDLE_ERRORS)
31 
32 static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(_kmirrord_recovery_stopped);
33 
34 /*-----------------------------------------------------------------
35  * Mirror set structures.
36  *---------------------------------------------------------------*/
37 enum dm_raid1_error {
38 	DM_RAID1_WRITE_ERROR,
39 	DM_RAID1_SYNC_ERROR,
40 	DM_RAID1_READ_ERROR
41 };
42 
43 struct mirror {
44 	struct mirror_set *ms;
45 	atomic_t error_count;
46 	unsigned long error_type;
47 	struct dm_dev *dev;
48 	sector_t offset;
49 };
50 
51 struct mirror_set {
52 	struct dm_target *ti;
53 	struct list_head list;
54 
55 	uint64_t features;
56 
57 	spinlock_t lock;	/* protects the lists */
58 	struct bio_list reads;
59 	struct bio_list writes;
60 	struct bio_list failures;
61 
62 	struct dm_region_hash *rh;
63 	struct dm_kcopyd_client *kcopyd_client;
64 	struct dm_io_client *io_client;
65 	mempool_t *read_record_pool;
66 
67 	/* recovery */
68 	region_t nr_regions;
69 	int in_sync;
70 	int log_failure;
71 	atomic_t suspend;
72 
73 	atomic_t default_mirror;	/* Default mirror */
74 
75 	struct workqueue_struct *kmirrord_wq;
76 	struct work_struct kmirrord_work;
77 	struct timer_list timer;
78 	unsigned long timer_pending;
79 
80 	struct work_struct trigger_event;
81 
82 	unsigned nr_mirrors;
83 	struct mirror mirror[0];
84 };
85 
86 static void wakeup_mirrord(void *context)
87 {
88 	struct mirror_set *ms = context;
89 
90 	queue_work(ms->kmirrord_wq, &ms->kmirrord_work);
91 }
92 
93 static void delayed_wake_fn(unsigned long data)
94 {
95 	struct mirror_set *ms = (struct mirror_set *) data;
96 
97 	clear_bit(0, &ms->timer_pending);
98 	wakeup_mirrord(ms);
99 }
100 
101 static void delayed_wake(struct mirror_set *ms)
102 {
103 	if (test_and_set_bit(0, &ms->timer_pending))
104 		return;
105 
106 	ms->timer.expires = jiffies + HZ / 5;
107 	ms->timer.data = (unsigned long) ms;
108 	ms->timer.function = delayed_wake_fn;
109 	add_timer(&ms->timer);
110 }
111 
112 static void wakeup_all_recovery_waiters(void *context)
113 {
114 	wake_up_all(&_kmirrord_recovery_stopped);
115 }
116 
117 static void queue_bio(struct mirror_set *ms, struct bio *bio, int rw)
118 {
119 	unsigned long flags;
120 	int should_wake = 0;
121 	struct bio_list *bl;
122 
123 	bl = (rw == WRITE) ? &ms->writes : &ms->reads;
124 	spin_lock_irqsave(&ms->lock, flags);
125 	should_wake = !(bl->head);
126 	bio_list_add(bl, bio);
127 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ms->lock, flags);
128 
129 	if (should_wake)
130 		wakeup_mirrord(ms);
131 }
132 
133 static void dispatch_bios(void *context, struct bio_list *bio_list)
134 {
135 	struct mirror_set *ms = context;
136 	struct bio *bio;
137 
138 	while ((bio = bio_list_pop(bio_list)))
139 		queue_bio(ms, bio, WRITE);
140 }
141 
142 #define MIN_READ_RECORDS 20
143 struct dm_raid1_read_record {
144 	struct mirror *m;
145 	struct dm_bio_details details;
146 };
147 
148 /*
149  * Every mirror should look like this one.
150  */
151 #define DEFAULT_MIRROR 0
152 
153 /*
154  * This is yucky.  We squirrel the mirror struct away inside
155  * bi_next for read/write buffers.  This is safe since the bh
156  * doesn't get submitted to the lower levels of block layer.
157  */
158 static struct mirror *bio_get_m(struct bio *bio)
159 {
160 	return (struct mirror *) bio->bi_next;
161 }
162 
163 static void bio_set_m(struct bio *bio, struct mirror *m)
164 {
165 	bio->bi_next = (struct bio *) m;
166 }
167 
168 static struct mirror *get_default_mirror(struct mirror_set *ms)
169 {
170 	return &ms->mirror[atomic_read(&ms->default_mirror)];
171 }
172 
173 static void set_default_mirror(struct mirror *m)
174 {
175 	struct mirror_set *ms = m->ms;
176 	struct mirror *m0 = &(ms->mirror[0]);
177 
178 	atomic_set(&ms->default_mirror, m - m0);
179 }
180 
181 /* fail_mirror
182  * @m: mirror device to fail
183  * @error_type: one of the enum's, DM_RAID1_*_ERROR
184  *
185  * If errors are being handled, record the type of
186  * error encountered for this device.  If this type
187  * of error has already been recorded, we can return;
188  * otherwise, we must signal userspace by triggering
189  * an event.  Additionally, if the device is the
190  * primary device, we must choose a new primary, but
191  * only if the mirror is in-sync.
192  *
193  * This function must not block.
194  */
195 static void fail_mirror(struct mirror *m, enum dm_raid1_error error_type)
196 {
197 	struct mirror_set *ms = m->ms;
198 	struct mirror *new;
199 
200 	if (!errors_handled(ms))
201 		return;
202 
203 	/*
204 	 * error_count is used for nothing more than a
205 	 * simple way to tell if a device has encountered
206 	 * errors.
207 	 */
208 	atomic_inc(&m->error_count);
209 
210 	if (test_and_set_bit(error_type, &m->error_type))
211 		return;
212 
213 	if (m != get_default_mirror(ms))
214 		goto out;
215 
216 	if (!ms->in_sync) {
217 		/*
218 		 * Better to issue requests to same failing device
219 		 * than to risk returning corrupt data.
220 		 */
221 		DMERR("Primary mirror (%s) failed while out-of-sync: "
222 		      "Reads may fail.", m->dev->name);
223 		goto out;
224 	}
225 
226 	for (new = ms->mirror; new < ms->mirror + ms->nr_mirrors; new++)
227 		if (!atomic_read(&new->error_count)) {
228 			set_default_mirror(new);
229 			break;
230 		}
231 
232 	if (unlikely(new == ms->mirror + ms->nr_mirrors))
233 		DMWARN("All sides of mirror have failed.");
234 
235 out:
236 	schedule_work(&ms->trigger_event);
237 }
238 
239 /*-----------------------------------------------------------------
240  * Recovery.
241  *
242  * When a mirror is first activated we may find that some regions
243  * are in the no-sync state.  We have to recover these by
244  * recopying from the default mirror to all the others.
245  *---------------------------------------------------------------*/
246 static void recovery_complete(int read_err, unsigned long write_err,
247 			      void *context)
248 {
249 	struct dm_region *reg = context;
250 	struct mirror_set *ms = dm_rh_region_context(reg);
251 	int m, bit = 0;
252 
253 	if (read_err) {
254 		/* Read error means the failure of default mirror. */
255 		DMERR_LIMIT("Unable to read primary mirror during recovery");
256 		fail_mirror(get_default_mirror(ms), DM_RAID1_SYNC_ERROR);
257 	}
258 
259 	if (write_err) {
260 		DMERR_LIMIT("Write error during recovery (error = 0x%lx)",
261 			    write_err);
262 		/*
263 		 * Bits correspond to devices (excluding default mirror).
264 		 * The default mirror cannot change during recovery.
265 		 */
266 		for (m = 0; m < ms->nr_mirrors; m++) {
267 			if (&ms->mirror[m] == get_default_mirror(ms))
268 				continue;
269 			if (test_bit(bit, &write_err))
270 				fail_mirror(ms->mirror + m,
271 					    DM_RAID1_SYNC_ERROR);
272 			bit++;
273 		}
274 	}
275 
276 	dm_rh_recovery_end(reg, !(read_err || write_err));
277 }
278 
279 static int recover(struct mirror_set *ms, struct dm_region *reg)
280 {
281 	int r;
282 	unsigned i;
283 	struct dm_io_region from, to[DM_KCOPYD_MAX_REGIONS], *dest;
284 	struct mirror *m;
285 	unsigned long flags = 0;
286 	region_t key = dm_rh_get_region_key(reg);
287 	sector_t region_size = dm_rh_get_region_size(ms->rh);
288 
289 	/* fill in the source */
290 	m = get_default_mirror(ms);
291 	from.bdev = m->dev->bdev;
292 	from.sector = m->offset + dm_rh_region_to_sector(ms->rh, key);
293 	if (key == (ms->nr_regions - 1)) {
294 		/*
295 		 * The final region may be smaller than
296 		 * region_size.
297 		 */
298 		from.count = ms->ti->len & (region_size - 1);
299 		if (!from.count)
300 			from.count = region_size;
301 	} else
302 		from.count = region_size;
303 
304 	/* fill in the destinations */
305 	for (i = 0, dest = to; i < ms->nr_mirrors; i++) {
306 		if (&ms->mirror[i] == get_default_mirror(ms))
307 			continue;
308 
309 		m = ms->mirror + i;
310 		dest->bdev = m->dev->bdev;
311 		dest->sector = m->offset + dm_rh_region_to_sector(ms->rh, key);
312 		dest->count = from.count;
313 		dest++;
314 	}
315 
316 	/* hand to kcopyd */
317 	if (!errors_handled(ms))
318 		set_bit(DM_KCOPYD_IGNORE_ERROR, &flags);
319 
320 	r = dm_kcopyd_copy(ms->kcopyd_client, &from, ms->nr_mirrors - 1, to,
321 			   flags, recovery_complete, reg);
322 
323 	return r;
324 }
325 
326 static void do_recovery(struct mirror_set *ms)
327 {
328 	struct dm_region *reg;
329 	struct dm_dirty_log *log = dm_rh_dirty_log(ms->rh);
330 	int r;
331 
332 	/*
333 	 * Start quiescing some regions.
334 	 */
335 	dm_rh_recovery_prepare(ms->rh);
336 
337 	/*
338 	 * Copy any already quiesced regions.
339 	 */
340 	while ((reg = dm_rh_recovery_start(ms->rh))) {
341 		r = recover(ms, reg);
342 		if (r)
343 			dm_rh_recovery_end(reg, 0);
344 	}
345 
346 	/*
347 	 * Update the in sync flag.
348 	 */
349 	if (!ms->in_sync &&
350 	    (log->type->get_sync_count(log) == ms->nr_regions)) {
351 		/* the sync is complete */
352 		dm_table_event(ms->ti->table);
353 		ms->in_sync = 1;
354 	}
355 }
356 
357 /*-----------------------------------------------------------------
358  * Reads
359  *---------------------------------------------------------------*/
360 static struct mirror *choose_mirror(struct mirror_set *ms, sector_t sector)
361 {
362 	struct mirror *m = get_default_mirror(ms);
363 
364 	do {
365 		if (likely(!atomic_read(&m->error_count)))
366 			return m;
367 
368 		if (m-- == ms->mirror)
369 			m += ms->nr_mirrors;
370 	} while (m != get_default_mirror(ms));
371 
372 	return NULL;
373 }
374 
375 static int default_ok(struct mirror *m)
376 {
377 	struct mirror *default_mirror = get_default_mirror(m->ms);
378 
379 	return !atomic_read(&default_mirror->error_count);
380 }
381 
382 static int mirror_available(struct mirror_set *ms, struct bio *bio)
383 {
384 	struct dm_dirty_log *log = dm_rh_dirty_log(ms->rh);
385 	region_t region = dm_rh_bio_to_region(ms->rh, bio);
386 
387 	if (log->type->in_sync(log, region, 0))
388 		return choose_mirror(ms,  bio->bi_sector) ? 1 : 0;
389 
390 	return 0;
391 }
392 
393 /*
394  * remap a buffer to a particular mirror.
395  */
396 static sector_t map_sector(struct mirror *m, struct bio *bio)
397 {
398 	return m->offset + (bio->bi_sector - m->ms->ti->begin);
399 }
400 
401 static void map_bio(struct mirror *m, struct bio *bio)
402 {
403 	bio->bi_bdev = m->dev->bdev;
404 	bio->bi_sector = map_sector(m, bio);
405 }
406 
407 static void map_region(struct dm_io_region *io, struct mirror *m,
408 		       struct bio *bio)
409 {
410 	io->bdev = m->dev->bdev;
411 	io->sector = map_sector(m, bio);
412 	io->count = bio->bi_size >> 9;
413 }
414 
415 /*-----------------------------------------------------------------
416  * Reads
417  *---------------------------------------------------------------*/
418 static void read_callback(unsigned long error, void *context)
419 {
420 	struct bio *bio = context;
421 	struct mirror *m;
422 
423 	m = bio_get_m(bio);
424 	bio_set_m(bio, NULL);
425 
426 	if (likely(!error)) {
427 		bio_endio(bio, 0);
428 		return;
429 	}
430 
431 	fail_mirror(m, DM_RAID1_READ_ERROR);
432 
433 	if (likely(default_ok(m)) || mirror_available(m->ms, bio)) {
434 		DMWARN_LIMIT("Read failure on mirror device %s.  "
435 			     "Trying alternative device.",
436 			     m->dev->name);
437 		queue_bio(m->ms, bio, bio_rw(bio));
438 		return;
439 	}
440 
441 	DMERR_LIMIT("Read failure on mirror device %s.  Failing I/O.",
442 		    m->dev->name);
443 	bio_endio(bio, -EIO);
444 }
445 
446 /* Asynchronous read. */
447 static void read_async_bio(struct mirror *m, struct bio *bio)
448 {
449 	struct dm_io_region io;
450 	struct dm_io_request io_req = {
451 		.bi_rw = READ,
452 		.mem.type = DM_IO_BVEC,
453 		.mem.ptr.bvec = bio->bi_io_vec + bio->bi_idx,
454 		.notify.fn = read_callback,
455 		.notify.context = bio,
456 		.client = m->ms->io_client,
457 	};
458 
459 	map_region(&io, m, bio);
460 	bio_set_m(bio, m);
461 	BUG_ON(dm_io(&io_req, 1, &io, NULL));
462 }
463 
464 static inline int region_in_sync(struct mirror_set *ms, region_t region,
465 				 int may_block)
466 {
467 	int state = dm_rh_get_state(ms->rh, region, may_block);
468 	return state == DM_RH_CLEAN || state == DM_RH_DIRTY;
469 }
470 
471 static void do_reads(struct mirror_set *ms, struct bio_list *reads)
472 {
473 	region_t region;
474 	struct bio *bio;
475 	struct mirror *m;
476 
477 	while ((bio = bio_list_pop(reads))) {
478 		region = dm_rh_bio_to_region(ms->rh, bio);
479 		m = get_default_mirror(ms);
480 
481 		/*
482 		 * We can only read balance if the region is in sync.
483 		 */
484 		if (likely(region_in_sync(ms, region, 1)))
485 			m = choose_mirror(ms, bio->bi_sector);
486 		else if (m && atomic_read(&m->error_count))
487 			m = NULL;
488 
489 		if (likely(m))
490 			read_async_bio(m, bio);
491 		else
492 			bio_endio(bio, -EIO);
493 	}
494 }
495 
496 /*-----------------------------------------------------------------
497  * Writes.
498  *
499  * We do different things with the write io depending on the
500  * state of the region that it's in:
501  *
502  * SYNC: 	increment pending, use kcopyd to write to *all* mirrors
503  * RECOVERING:	delay the io until recovery completes
504  * NOSYNC:	increment pending, just write to the default mirror
505  *---------------------------------------------------------------*/
506 
507 
508 static void write_callback(unsigned long error, void *context)
509 {
510 	unsigned i, ret = 0;
511 	struct bio *bio = (struct bio *) context;
512 	struct mirror_set *ms;
513 	int uptodate = 0;
514 	int should_wake = 0;
515 	unsigned long flags;
516 
517 	ms = bio_get_m(bio)->ms;
518 	bio_set_m(bio, NULL);
519 
520 	/*
521 	 * NOTE: We don't decrement the pending count here,
522 	 * instead it is done by the targets endio function.
523 	 * This way we handle both writes to SYNC and NOSYNC
524 	 * regions with the same code.
525 	 */
526 	if (likely(!error))
527 		goto out;
528 
529 	for (i = 0; i < ms->nr_mirrors; i++)
530 		if (test_bit(i, &error))
531 			fail_mirror(ms->mirror + i, DM_RAID1_WRITE_ERROR);
532 		else
533 			uptodate = 1;
534 
535 	if (unlikely(!uptodate)) {
536 		DMERR("All replicated volumes dead, failing I/O");
537 		/* None of the writes succeeded, fail the I/O. */
538 		ret = -EIO;
539 	} else if (errors_handled(ms)) {
540 		/*
541 		 * Need to raise event.  Since raising
542 		 * events can block, we need to do it in
543 		 * the main thread.
544 		 */
545 		spin_lock_irqsave(&ms->lock, flags);
546 		if (!ms->failures.head)
547 			should_wake = 1;
548 		bio_list_add(&ms->failures, bio);
549 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ms->lock, flags);
550 		if (should_wake)
551 			wakeup_mirrord(ms);
552 		return;
553 	}
554 out:
555 	bio_endio(bio, ret);
556 }
557 
558 static void do_write(struct mirror_set *ms, struct bio *bio)
559 {
560 	unsigned int i;
561 	struct dm_io_region io[ms->nr_mirrors], *dest = io;
562 	struct mirror *m;
563 	struct dm_io_request io_req = {
564 		.bi_rw = WRITE,
565 		.mem.type = DM_IO_BVEC,
566 		.mem.ptr.bvec = bio->bi_io_vec + bio->bi_idx,
567 		.notify.fn = write_callback,
568 		.notify.context = bio,
569 		.client = ms->io_client,
570 	};
571 
572 	for (i = 0, m = ms->mirror; i < ms->nr_mirrors; i++, m++)
573 		map_region(dest++, m, bio);
574 
575 	/*
576 	 * Use default mirror because we only need it to retrieve the reference
577 	 * to the mirror set in write_callback().
578 	 */
579 	bio_set_m(bio, get_default_mirror(ms));
580 
581 	BUG_ON(dm_io(&io_req, ms->nr_mirrors, io, NULL));
582 }
583 
584 static void do_writes(struct mirror_set *ms, struct bio_list *writes)
585 {
586 	int state;
587 	struct bio *bio;
588 	struct bio_list sync, nosync, recover, *this_list = NULL;
589 
590 	if (!writes->head)
591 		return;
592 
593 	/*
594 	 * Classify each write.
595 	 */
596 	bio_list_init(&sync);
597 	bio_list_init(&nosync);
598 	bio_list_init(&recover);
599 
600 	while ((bio = bio_list_pop(writes))) {
601 		state = dm_rh_get_state(ms->rh,
602 					dm_rh_bio_to_region(ms->rh, bio), 1);
603 		switch (state) {
604 		case DM_RH_CLEAN:
605 		case DM_RH_DIRTY:
606 			this_list = &sync;
607 			break;
608 
609 		case DM_RH_NOSYNC:
610 			this_list = &nosync;
611 			break;
612 
613 		case DM_RH_RECOVERING:
614 			this_list = &recover;
615 			break;
616 		}
617 
618 		bio_list_add(this_list, bio);
619 	}
620 
621 	/*
622 	 * Increment the pending counts for any regions that will
623 	 * be written to (writes to recover regions are going to
624 	 * be delayed).
625 	 */
626 	dm_rh_inc_pending(ms->rh, &sync);
627 	dm_rh_inc_pending(ms->rh, &nosync);
628 	ms->log_failure = dm_rh_flush(ms->rh) ? 1 : 0;
629 
630 	/*
631 	 * Dispatch io.
632 	 */
633 	if (unlikely(ms->log_failure)) {
634 		spin_lock_irq(&ms->lock);
635 		bio_list_merge(&ms->failures, &sync);
636 		spin_unlock_irq(&ms->lock);
637 		wakeup_mirrord(ms);
638 	} else
639 		while ((bio = bio_list_pop(&sync)))
640 			do_write(ms, bio);
641 
642 	while ((bio = bio_list_pop(&recover)))
643 		dm_rh_delay(ms->rh, bio);
644 
645 	while ((bio = bio_list_pop(&nosync))) {
646 		map_bio(get_default_mirror(ms), bio);
647 		generic_make_request(bio);
648 	}
649 }
650 
651 static void do_failures(struct mirror_set *ms, struct bio_list *failures)
652 {
653 	struct bio *bio;
654 
655 	if (!failures->head)
656 		return;
657 
658 	if (!ms->log_failure) {
659 		while ((bio = bio_list_pop(failures)))
660 			ms->in_sync = 0;
661 			dm_rh_mark_nosync(ms->rh, bio, bio->bi_size, 0);
662 		return;
663 	}
664 
665 	/*
666 	 * If the log has failed, unattempted writes are being
667 	 * put on the failures list.  We can't issue those writes
668 	 * until a log has been marked, so we must store them.
669 	 *
670 	 * If a 'noflush' suspend is in progress, we can requeue
671 	 * the I/O's to the core.  This give userspace a chance
672 	 * to reconfigure the mirror, at which point the core
673 	 * will reissue the writes.  If the 'noflush' flag is
674 	 * not set, we have no choice but to return errors.
675 	 *
676 	 * Some writes on the failures list may have been
677 	 * submitted before the log failure and represent a
678 	 * failure to write to one of the devices.  It is ok
679 	 * for us to treat them the same and requeue them
680 	 * as well.
681 	 */
682 	if (dm_noflush_suspending(ms->ti)) {
683 		while ((bio = bio_list_pop(failures)))
684 			bio_endio(bio, DM_ENDIO_REQUEUE);
685 		return;
686 	}
687 
688 	if (atomic_read(&ms->suspend)) {
689 		while ((bio = bio_list_pop(failures)))
690 			bio_endio(bio, -EIO);
691 		return;
692 	}
693 
694 	spin_lock_irq(&ms->lock);
695 	bio_list_merge(&ms->failures, failures);
696 	spin_unlock_irq(&ms->lock);
697 
698 	delayed_wake(ms);
699 }
700 
701 static void trigger_event(struct work_struct *work)
702 {
703 	struct mirror_set *ms =
704 		container_of(work, struct mirror_set, trigger_event);
705 
706 	dm_table_event(ms->ti->table);
707 }
708 
709 /*-----------------------------------------------------------------
710  * kmirrord
711  *---------------------------------------------------------------*/
712 static void do_mirror(struct work_struct *work)
713 {
714 	struct mirror_set *ms = container_of(work, struct mirror_set,
715 					     kmirrord_work);
716 	struct bio_list reads, writes, failures;
717 	unsigned long flags;
718 
719 	spin_lock_irqsave(&ms->lock, flags);
720 	reads = ms->reads;
721 	writes = ms->writes;
722 	failures = ms->failures;
723 	bio_list_init(&ms->reads);
724 	bio_list_init(&ms->writes);
725 	bio_list_init(&ms->failures);
726 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ms->lock, flags);
727 
728 	dm_rh_update_states(ms->rh, errors_handled(ms));
729 	do_recovery(ms);
730 	do_reads(ms, &reads);
731 	do_writes(ms, &writes);
732 	do_failures(ms, &failures);
733 
734 	dm_table_unplug_all(ms->ti->table);
735 }
736 
737 /*-----------------------------------------------------------------
738  * Target functions
739  *---------------------------------------------------------------*/
740 static struct mirror_set *alloc_context(unsigned int nr_mirrors,
741 					uint32_t region_size,
742 					struct dm_target *ti,
743 					struct dm_dirty_log *dl)
744 {
745 	size_t len;
746 	struct mirror_set *ms = NULL;
747 
748 	len = sizeof(*ms) + (sizeof(ms->mirror[0]) * nr_mirrors);
749 
750 	ms = kzalloc(len, GFP_KERNEL);
751 	if (!ms) {
752 		ti->error = "Cannot allocate mirror context";
753 		return NULL;
754 	}
755 
756 	spin_lock_init(&ms->lock);
757 
758 	ms->ti = ti;
759 	ms->nr_mirrors = nr_mirrors;
760 	ms->nr_regions = dm_sector_div_up(ti->len, region_size);
761 	ms->in_sync = 0;
762 	ms->log_failure = 0;
763 	atomic_set(&ms->suspend, 0);
764 	atomic_set(&ms->default_mirror, DEFAULT_MIRROR);
765 
766 	len = sizeof(struct dm_raid1_read_record);
767 	ms->read_record_pool = mempool_create_kmalloc_pool(MIN_READ_RECORDS,
768 							   len);
769 	if (!ms->read_record_pool) {
770 		ti->error = "Error creating mirror read_record_pool";
771 		kfree(ms);
772 		return NULL;
773 	}
774 
775 	ms->io_client = dm_io_client_create(DM_IO_PAGES);
776 	if (IS_ERR(ms->io_client)) {
777 		ti->error = "Error creating dm_io client";
778 		mempool_destroy(ms->read_record_pool);
779 		kfree(ms);
780  		return NULL;
781 	}
782 
783 	ms->rh = dm_region_hash_create(ms, dispatch_bios, wakeup_mirrord,
784 				       wakeup_all_recovery_waiters,
785 				       ms->ti->begin, MAX_RECOVERY,
786 				       dl, region_size, ms->nr_regions);
787 	if (IS_ERR(ms->rh)) {
788 		ti->error = "Error creating dirty region hash";
789 		dm_io_client_destroy(ms->io_client);
790 		mempool_destroy(ms->read_record_pool);
791 		kfree(ms);
792 		return NULL;
793 	}
794 
795 	return ms;
796 }
797 
798 static void free_context(struct mirror_set *ms, struct dm_target *ti,
799 			 unsigned int m)
800 {
801 	while (m--)
802 		dm_put_device(ti, ms->mirror[m].dev);
803 
804 	dm_io_client_destroy(ms->io_client);
805 	dm_region_hash_destroy(ms->rh);
806 	mempool_destroy(ms->read_record_pool);
807 	kfree(ms);
808 }
809 
810 static inline int _check_region_size(struct dm_target *ti, uint32_t size)
811 {
812 	return !(size % (PAGE_SIZE >> 9) || !is_power_of_2(size) ||
813 		 size > ti->len);
814 }
815 
816 static int get_mirror(struct mirror_set *ms, struct dm_target *ti,
817 		      unsigned int mirror, char **argv)
818 {
819 	unsigned long long offset;
820 
821 	if (sscanf(argv[1], "%llu", &offset) != 1) {
822 		ti->error = "Invalid offset";
823 		return -EINVAL;
824 	}
825 
826 	if (dm_get_device(ti, argv[0], offset, ti->len,
827 			  dm_table_get_mode(ti->table),
828 			  &ms->mirror[mirror].dev)) {
829 		ti->error = "Device lookup failure";
830 		return -ENXIO;
831 	}
832 
833 	ms->mirror[mirror].ms = ms;
834 	atomic_set(&(ms->mirror[mirror].error_count), 0);
835 	ms->mirror[mirror].error_type = 0;
836 	ms->mirror[mirror].offset = offset;
837 
838 	return 0;
839 }
840 
841 /*
842  * Create dirty log: log_type #log_params <log_params>
843  */
844 static struct dm_dirty_log *create_dirty_log(struct dm_target *ti,
845 					     unsigned argc, char **argv,
846 					     unsigned *args_used)
847 {
848 	unsigned param_count;
849 	struct dm_dirty_log *dl;
850 
851 	if (argc < 2) {
852 		ti->error = "Insufficient mirror log arguments";
853 		return NULL;
854 	}
855 
856 	if (sscanf(argv[1], "%u", &param_count) != 1) {
857 		ti->error = "Invalid mirror log argument count";
858 		return NULL;
859 	}
860 
861 	*args_used = 2 + param_count;
862 
863 	if (argc < *args_used) {
864 		ti->error = "Insufficient mirror log arguments";
865 		return NULL;
866 	}
867 
868 	dl = dm_dirty_log_create(argv[0], ti, param_count, argv + 2);
869 	if (!dl) {
870 		ti->error = "Error creating mirror dirty log";
871 		return NULL;
872 	}
873 
874 	if (!_check_region_size(ti, dl->type->get_region_size(dl))) {
875 		ti->error = "Invalid region size";
876 		dm_dirty_log_destroy(dl);
877 		return NULL;
878 	}
879 
880 	return dl;
881 }
882 
883 static int parse_features(struct mirror_set *ms, unsigned argc, char **argv,
884 			  unsigned *args_used)
885 {
886 	unsigned num_features;
887 	struct dm_target *ti = ms->ti;
888 
889 	*args_used = 0;
890 
891 	if (!argc)
892 		return 0;
893 
894 	if (sscanf(argv[0], "%u", &num_features) != 1) {
895 		ti->error = "Invalid number of features";
896 		return -EINVAL;
897 	}
898 
899 	argc--;
900 	argv++;
901 	(*args_used)++;
902 
903 	if (num_features > argc) {
904 		ti->error = "Not enough arguments to support feature count";
905 		return -EINVAL;
906 	}
907 
908 	if (!strcmp("handle_errors", argv[0]))
909 		ms->features |= DM_RAID1_HANDLE_ERRORS;
910 	else {
911 		ti->error = "Unrecognised feature requested";
912 		return -EINVAL;
913 	}
914 
915 	(*args_used)++;
916 
917 	return 0;
918 }
919 
920 /*
921  * Construct a mirror mapping:
922  *
923  * log_type #log_params <log_params>
924  * #mirrors [mirror_path offset]{2,}
925  * [#features <features>]
926  *
927  * log_type is "core" or "disk"
928  * #log_params is between 1 and 3
929  *
930  * If present, features must be "handle_errors".
931  */
932 static int mirror_ctr(struct dm_target *ti, unsigned int argc, char **argv)
933 {
934 	int r;
935 	unsigned int nr_mirrors, m, args_used;
936 	struct mirror_set *ms;
937 	struct dm_dirty_log *dl;
938 
939 	dl = create_dirty_log(ti, argc, argv, &args_used);
940 	if (!dl)
941 		return -EINVAL;
942 
943 	argv += args_used;
944 	argc -= args_used;
945 
946 	if (!argc || sscanf(argv[0], "%u", &nr_mirrors) != 1 ||
947 	    nr_mirrors < 2 || nr_mirrors > DM_KCOPYD_MAX_REGIONS + 1) {
948 		ti->error = "Invalid number of mirrors";
949 		dm_dirty_log_destroy(dl);
950 		return -EINVAL;
951 	}
952 
953 	argv++, argc--;
954 
955 	if (argc < nr_mirrors * 2) {
956 		ti->error = "Too few mirror arguments";
957 		dm_dirty_log_destroy(dl);
958 		return -EINVAL;
959 	}
960 
961 	ms = alloc_context(nr_mirrors, dl->type->get_region_size(dl), ti, dl);
962 	if (!ms) {
963 		dm_dirty_log_destroy(dl);
964 		return -ENOMEM;
965 	}
966 
967 	/* Get the mirror parameter sets */
968 	for (m = 0; m < nr_mirrors; m++) {
969 		r = get_mirror(ms, ti, m, argv);
970 		if (r) {
971 			free_context(ms, ti, m);
972 			return r;
973 		}
974 		argv += 2;
975 		argc -= 2;
976 	}
977 
978 	ti->private = ms;
979 	ti->split_io = dm_rh_get_region_size(ms->rh);
980 
981 	ms->kmirrord_wq = create_singlethread_workqueue("kmirrord");
982 	if (!ms->kmirrord_wq) {
983 		DMERR("couldn't start kmirrord");
984 		r = -ENOMEM;
985 		goto err_free_context;
986 	}
987 	INIT_WORK(&ms->kmirrord_work, do_mirror);
988 	init_timer(&ms->timer);
989 	ms->timer_pending = 0;
990 	INIT_WORK(&ms->trigger_event, trigger_event);
991 
992 	r = parse_features(ms, argc, argv, &args_used);
993 	if (r)
994 		goto err_destroy_wq;
995 
996 	argv += args_used;
997 	argc -= args_used;
998 
999 	/*
1000 	 * Any read-balancing addition depends on the
1001 	 * DM_RAID1_HANDLE_ERRORS flag being present.
1002 	 * This is because the decision to balance depends
1003 	 * on the sync state of a region.  If the above
1004 	 * flag is not present, we ignore errors; and
1005 	 * the sync state may be inaccurate.
1006 	 */
1007 
1008 	if (argc) {
1009 		ti->error = "Too many mirror arguments";
1010 		r = -EINVAL;
1011 		goto err_destroy_wq;
1012 	}
1013 
1014 	r = dm_kcopyd_client_create(DM_KCOPYD_PAGES, &ms->kcopyd_client);
1015 	if (r)
1016 		goto err_destroy_wq;
1017 
1018 	wakeup_mirrord(ms);
1019 	return 0;
1020 
1021 err_destroy_wq:
1022 	destroy_workqueue(ms->kmirrord_wq);
1023 err_free_context:
1024 	free_context(ms, ti, ms->nr_mirrors);
1025 	return r;
1026 }
1027 
1028 static void mirror_dtr(struct dm_target *ti)
1029 {
1030 	struct mirror_set *ms = (struct mirror_set *) ti->private;
1031 
1032 	del_timer_sync(&ms->timer);
1033 	flush_workqueue(ms->kmirrord_wq);
1034 	dm_kcopyd_client_destroy(ms->kcopyd_client);
1035 	destroy_workqueue(ms->kmirrord_wq);
1036 	free_context(ms, ti, ms->nr_mirrors);
1037 }
1038 
1039 /*
1040  * Mirror mapping function
1041  */
1042 static int mirror_map(struct dm_target *ti, struct bio *bio,
1043 		      union map_info *map_context)
1044 {
1045 	int r, rw = bio_rw(bio);
1046 	struct mirror *m;
1047 	struct mirror_set *ms = ti->private;
1048 	struct dm_raid1_read_record *read_record = NULL;
1049 	struct dm_dirty_log *log = dm_rh_dirty_log(ms->rh);
1050 
1051 	if (rw == WRITE) {
1052 		/* Save region for mirror_end_io() handler */
1053 		map_context->ll = dm_rh_bio_to_region(ms->rh, bio);
1054 		queue_bio(ms, bio, rw);
1055 		return DM_MAPIO_SUBMITTED;
1056 	}
1057 
1058 	r = log->type->in_sync(log, dm_rh_bio_to_region(ms->rh, bio), 0);
1059 	if (r < 0 && r != -EWOULDBLOCK)
1060 		return r;
1061 
1062 	/*
1063 	 * If region is not in-sync queue the bio.
1064 	 */
1065 	if (!r || (r == -EWOULDBLOCK)) {
1066 		if (rw == READA)
1067 			return -EWOULDBLOCK;
1068 
1069 		queue_bio(ms, bio, rw);
1070 		return DM_MAPIO_SUBMITTED;
1071 	}
1072 
1073 	/*
1074 	 * The region is in-sync and we can perform reads directly.
1075 	 * Store enough information so we can retry if it fails.
1076 	 */
1077 	m = choose_mirror(ms, bio->bi_sector);
1078 	if (unlikely(!m))
1079 		return -EIO;
1080 
1081 	read_record = mempool_alloc(ms->read_record_pool, GFP_NOIO);
1082 	if (likely(read_record)) {
1083 		dm_bio_record(&read_record->details, bio);
1084 		map_context->ptr = read_record;
1085 		read_record->m = m;
1086 	}
1087 
1088 	map_bio(m, bio);
1089 
1090 	return DM_MAPIO_REMAPPED;
1091 }
1092 
1093 static int mirror_end_io(struct dm_target *ti, struct bio *bio,
1094 			 int error, union map_info *map_context)
1095 {
1096 	int rw = bio_rw(bio);
1097 	struct mirror_set *ms = (struct mirror_set *) ti->private;
1098 	struct mirror *m = NULL;
1099 	struct dm_bio_details *bd = NULL;
1100 	struct dm_raid1_read_record *read_record = map_context->ptr;
1101 
1102 	/*
1103 	 * We need to dec pending if this was a write.
1104 	 */
1105 	if (rw == WRITE) {
1106 		dm_rh_dec(ms->rh, map_context->ll);
1107 		return error;
1108 	}
1109 
1110 	if (error == -EOPNOTSUPP)
1111 		goto out;
1112 
1113 	if ((error == -EWOULDBLOCK) && bio_rw_ahead(bio))
1114 		goto out;
1115 
1116 	if (unlikely(error)) {
1117 		if (!read_record) {
1118 			/*
1119 			 * There wasn't enough memory to record necessary
1120 			 * information for a retry or there was no other
1121 			 * mirror in-sync.
1122 			 */
1123 			DMERR_LIMIT("Mirror read failed.");
1124 			return -EIO;
1125 		}
1126 
1127 		m = read_record->m;
1128 
1129 		DMERR("Mirror read failed from %s. Trying alternative device.",
1130 		      m->dev->name);
1131 
1132 		fail_mirror(m, DM_RAID1_READ_ERROR);
1133 
1134 		/*
1135 		 * A failed read is requeued for another attempt using an intact
1136 		 * mirror.
1137 		 */
1138 		if (default_ok(m) || mirror_available(ms, bio)) {
1139 			bd = &read_record->details;
1140 
1141 			dm_bio_restore(bd, bio);
1142 			mempool_free(read_record, ms->read_record_pool);
1143 			map_context->ptr = NULL;
1144 			queue_bio(ms, bio, rw);
1145 			return 1;
1146 		}
1147 		DMERR("All replicated volumes dead, failing I/O");
1148 	}
1149 
1150 out:
1151 	if (read_record) {
1152 		mempool_free(read_record, ms->read_record_pool);
1153 		map_context->ptr = NULL;
1154 	}
1155 
1156 	return error;
1157 }
1158 
1159 static void mirror_presuspend(struct dm_target *ti)
1160 {
1161 	struct mirror_set *ms = (struct mirror_set *) ti->private;
1162 	struct dm_dirty_log *log = dm_rh_dirty_log(ms->rh);
1163 
1164 	atomic_set(&ms->suspend, 1);
1165 
1166 	/*
1167 	 * We must finish up all the work that we've
1168 	 * generated (i.e. recovery work).
1169 	 */
1170 	dm_rh_stop_recovery(ms->rh);
1171 
1172 	wait_event(_kmirrord_recovery_stopped,
1173 		   !dm_rh_recovery_in_flight(ms->rh));
1174 
1175 	if (log->type->presuspend && log->type->presuspend(log))
1176 		/* FIXME: need better error handling */
1177 		DMWARN("log presuspend failed");
1178 
1179 	/*
1180 	 * Now that recovery is complete/stopped and the
1181 	 * delayed bios are queued, we need to wait for
1182 	 * the worker thread to complete.  This way,
1183 	 * we know that all of our I/O has been pushed.
1184 	 */
1185 	flush_workqueue(ms->kmirrord_wq);
1186 }
1187 
1188 static void mirror_postsuspend(struct dm_target *ti)
1189 {
1190 	struct mirror_set *ms = ti->private;
1191 	struct dm_dirty_log *log = dm_rh_dirty_log(ms->rh);
1192 
1193 	if (log->type->postsuspend && log->type->postsuspend(log))
1194 		/* FIXME: need better error handling */
1195 		DMWARN("log postsuspend failed");
1196 }
1197 
1198 static void mirror_resume(struct dm_target *ti)
1199 {
1200 	struct mirror_set *ms = ti->private;
1201 	struct dm_dirty_log *log = dm_rh_dirty_log(ms->rh);
1202 
1203 	atomic_set(&ms->suspend, 0);
1204 	if (log->type->resume && log->type->resume(log))
1205 		/* FIXME: need better error handling */
1206 		DMWARN("log resume failed");
1207 	dm_rh_start_recovery(ms->rh);
1208 }
1209 
1210 /*
1211  * device_status_char
1212  * @m: mirror device/leg we want the status of
1213  *
1214  * We return one character representing the most severe error
1215  * we have encountered.
1216  *    A => Alive - No failures
1217  *    D => Dead - A write failure occurred leaving mirror out-of-sync
1218  *    S => Sync - A sychronization failure occurred, mirror out-of-sync
1219  *    R => Read - A read failure occurred, mirror data unaffected
1220  *
1221  * Returns: <char>
1222  */
1223 static char device_status_char(struct mirror *m)
1224 {
1225 	if (!atomic_read(&(m->error_count)))
1226 		return 'A';
1227 
1228 	return (test_bit(DM_RAID1_WRITE_ERROR, &(m->error_type))) ? 'D' :
1229 		(test_bit(DM_RAID1_SYNC_ERROR, &(m->error_type))) ? 'S' :
1230 		(test_bit(DM_RAID1_READ_ERROR, &(m->error_type))) ? 'R' : 'U';
1231 }
1232 
1233 
1234 static int mirror_status(struct dm_target *ti, status_type_t type,
1235 			 char *result, unsigned int maxlen)
1236 {
1237 	unsigned int m, sz = 0;
1238 	struct mirror_set *ms = (struct mirror_set *) ti->private;
1239 	struct dm_dirty_log *log = dm_rh_dirty_log(ms->rh);
1240 	char buffer[ms->nr_mirrors + 1];
1241 
1242 	switch (type) {
1243 	case STATUSTYPE_INFO:
1244 		DMEMIT("%d ", ms->nr_mirrors);
1245 		for (m = 0; m < ms->nr_mirrors; m++) {
1246 			DMEMIT("%s ", ms->mirror[m].dev->name);
1247 			buffer[m] = device_status_char(&(ms->mirror[m]));
1248 		}
1249 		buffer[m] = '\0';
1250 
1251 		DMEMIT("%llu/%llu 1 %s ",
1252 		      (unsigned long long)log->type->get_sync_count(log),
1253 		      (unsigned long long)ms->nr_regions, buffer);
1254 
1255 		sz += log->type->status(log, type, result+sz, maxlen-sz);
1256 
1257 		break;
1258 
1259 	case STATUSTYPE_TABLE:
1260 		sz = log->type->status(log, type, result, maxlen);
1261 
1262 		DMEMIT("%d", ms->nr_mirrors);
1263 		for (m = 0; m < ms->nr_mirrors; m++)
1264 			DMEMIT(" %s %llu", ms->mirror[m].dev->name,
1265 			       (unsigned long long)ms->mirror[m].offset);
1266 
1267 		if (ms->features & DM_RAID1_HANDLE_ERRORS)
1268 			DMEMIT(" 1 handle_errors");
1269 	}
1270 
1271 	return 0;
1272 }
1273 
1274 static struct target_type mirror_target = {
1275 	.name	 = "mirror",
1276 	.version = {1, 0, 20},
1277 	.module	 = THIS_MODULE,
1278 	.ctr	 = mirror_ctr,
1279 	.dtr	 = mirror_dtr,
1280 	.map	 = mirror_map,
1281 	.end_io	 = mirror_end_io,
1282 	.presuspend = mirror_presuspend,
1283 	.postsuspend = mirror_postsuspend,
1284 	.resume	 = mirror_resume,
1285 	.status	 = mirror_status,
1286 };
1287 
1288 static int __init dm_mirror_init(void)
1289 {
1290 	int r;
1291 
1292 	r = dm_register_target(&mirror_target);
1293 	if (r < 0)
1294 		DMERR("Failed to register mirror target");
1295 
1296 	return r;
1297 }
1298 
1299 static void __exit dm_mirror_exit(void)
1300 {
1301 	int r;
1302 
1303 	r = dm_unregister_target(&mirror_target);
1304 	if (r < 0)
1305 		DMERR("unregister failed %d", r);
1306 }
1307 
1308 /* Module hooks */
1309 module_init(dm_mirror_init);
1310 module_exit(dm_mirror_exit);
1311 
1312 MODULE_DESCRIPTION(DM_NAME " mirror target");
1313 MODULE_AUTHOR("Joe Thornber");
1314 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
1315