xref: /linux/drivers/i2c/busses/i2c-bcm2835.c (revision 132db93572821ec2fdf81e354cc40f558faf7e4f)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 /*
3  * BCM2835 master mode driver
4  */
5 
6 #include <linux/clk.h>
7 #include <linux/clkdev.h>
8 #include <linux/clk-provider.h>
9 #include <linux/completion.h>
10 #include <linux/err.h>
11 #include <linux/i2c.h>
12 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
13 #include <linux/io.h>
14 #include <linux/module.h>
15 #include <linux/of_device.h>
16 #include <linux/platform_device.h>
17 #include <linux/slab.h>
18 
19 #define BCM2835_I2C_C		0x0
20 #define BCM2835_I2C_S		0x4
21 #define BCM2835_I2C_DLEN	0x8
22 #define BCM2835_I2C_A		0xc
23 #define BCM2835_I2C_FIFO	0x10
24 #define BCM2835_I2C_DIV		0x14
25 #define BCM2835_I2C_DEL		0x18
26 #define BCM2835_I2C_CLKT	0x1c
27 
28 #define BCM2835_I2C_C_READ	BIT(0)
29 #define BCM2835_I2C_C_CLEAR	BIT(4) /* bits 4 and 5 both clear */
30 #define BCM2835_I2C_C_ST	BIT(7)
31 #define BCM2835_I2C_C_INTD	BIT(8)
32 #define BCM2835_I2C_C_INTT	BIT(9)
33 #define BCM2835_I2C_C_INTR	BIT(10)
34 #define BCM2835_I2C_C_I2CEN	BIT(15)
35 
36 #define BCM2835_I2C_S_TA	BIT(0)
37 #define BCM2835_I2C_S_DONE	BIT(1)
38 #define BCM2835_I2C_S_TXW	BIT(2)
39 #define BCM2835_I2C_S_RXR	BIT(3)
40 #define BCM2835_I2C_S_TXD	BIT(4)
41 #define BCM2835_I2C_S_RXD	BIT(5)
42 #define BCM2835_I2C_S_TXE	BIT(6)
43 #define BCM2835_I2C_S_RXF	BIT(7)
44 #define BCM2835_I2C_S_ERR	BIT(8)
45 #define BCM2835_I2C_S_CLKT	BIT(9)
46 #define BCM2835_I2C_S_LEN	BIT(10) /* Fake bit for SW error reporting */
47 
48 #define BCM2835_I2C_FEDL_SHIFT	16
49 #define BCM2835_I2C_REDL_SHIFT	0
50 
51 #define BCM2835_I2C_CDIV_MIN	0x0002
52 #define BCM2835_I2C_CDIV_MAX	0xFFFE
53 
54 struct bcm2835_i2c_dev {
55 	struct device *dev;
56 	void __iomem *regs;
57 	int irq;
58 	struct i2c_adapter adapter;
59 	struct completion completion;
60 	struct i2c_msg *curr_msg;
61 	struct clk *bus_clk;
62 	int num_msgs;
63 	u32 msg_err;
64 	u8 *msg_buf;
65 	size_t msg_buf_remaining;
66 };
67 
68 static inline void bcm2835_i2c_writel(struct bcm2835_i2c_dev *i2c_dev,
69 				      u32 reg, u32 val)
70 {
71 	writel(val, i2c_dev->regs + reg);
72 }
73 
74 static inline u32 bcm2835_i2c_readl(struct bcm2835_i2c_dev *i2c_dev, u32 reg)
75 {
76 	return readl(i2c_dev->regs + reg);
77 }
78 
79 #define to_clk_bcm2835_i2c(_hw) container_of(_hw, struct clk_bcm2835_i2c, hw)
80 struct clk_bcm2835_i2c {
81 	struct clk_hw hw;
82 	struct bcm2835_i2c_dev *i2c_dev;
83 };
84 
85 static int clk_bcm2835_i2c_calc_divider(unsigned long rate,
86 				unsigned long parent_rate)
87 {
88 	u32 divider = DIV_ROUND_UP(parent_rate, rate);
89 
90 	/*
91 	 * Per the datasheet, the register is always interpreted as an even
92 	 * number, by rounding down. In other words, the LSB is ignored. So,
93 	 * if the LSB is set, increment the divider to avoid any issue.
94 	 */
95 	if (divider & 1)
96 		divider++;
97 	if ((divider < BCM2835_I2C_CDIV_MIN) ||
98 	    (divider > BCM2835_I2C_CDIV_MAX))
99 		return -EINVAL;
100 
101 	return divider;
102 }
103 
104 static int clk_bcm2835_i2c_set_rate(struct clk_hw *hw, unsigned long rate,
105 				unsigned long parent_rate)
106 {
107 	struct clk_bcm2835_i2c *div = to_clk_bcm2835_i2c(hw);
108 	u32 redl, fedl;
109 	u32 divider = clk_bcm2835_i2c_calc_divider(rate, parent_rate);
110 
111 	if (divider == -EINVAL)
112 		return -EINVAL;
113 
114 	bcm2835_i2c_writel(div->i2c_dev, BCM2835_I2C_DIV, divider);
115 
116 	/*
117 	 * Number of core clocks to wait after falling edge before
118 	 * outputting the next data bit.  Note that both FEDL and REDL
119 	 * can't be greater than CDIV/2.
120 	 */
121 	fedl = max(divider / 16, 1u);
122 
123 	/*
124 	 * Number of core clocks to wait after rising edge before
125 	 * sampling the next incoming data bit.
126 	 */
127 	redl = max(divider / 4, 1u);
128 
129 	bcm2835_i2c_writel(div->i2c_dev, BCM2835_I2C_DEL,
130 			   (fedl << BCM2835_I2C_FEDL_SHIFT) |
131 			   (redl << BCM2835_I2C_REDL_SHIFT));
132 	return 0;
133 }
134 
135 static long clk_bcm2835_i2c_round_rate(struct clk_hw *hw, unsigned long rate,
136 				unsigned long *parent_rate)
137 {
138 	u32 divider = clk_bcm2835_i2c_calc_divider(rate, *parent_rate);
139 
140 	return DIV_ROUND_UP(*parent_rate, divider);
141 }
142 
143 static unsigned long clk_bcm2835_i2c_recalc_rate(struct clk_hw *hw,
144 						unsigned long parent_rate)
145 {
146 	struct clk_bcm2835_i2c *div = to_clk_bcm2835_i2c(hw);
147 	u32 divider = bcm2835_i2c_readl(div->i2c_dev, BCM2835_I2C_DIV);
148 
149 	return DIV_ROUND_UP(parent_rate, divider);
150 }
151 
152 static const struct clk_ops clk_bcm2835_i2c_ops = {
153 	.set_rate = clk_bcm2835_i2c_set_rate,
154 	.round_rate = clk_bcm2835_i2c_round_rate,
155 	.recalc_rate = clk_bcm2835_i2c_recalc_rate,
156 };
157 
158 static struct clk *bcm2835_i2c_register_div(struct device *dev,
159 					struct clk *mclk,
160 					struct bcm2835_i2c_dev *i2c_dev)
161 {
162 	struct clk_init_data init;
163 	struct clk_bcm2835_i2c *priv;
164 	char name[32];
165 	const char *mclk_name;
166 
167 	snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s_div", dev_name(dev));
168 
169 	mclk_name = __clk_get_name(mclk);
170 
171 	init.ops = &clk_bcm2835_i2c_ops;
172 	init.name = name;
173 	init.parent_names = (const char* []) { mclk_name };
174 	init.num_parents = 1;
175 	init.flags = 0;
176 
177 	priv = devm_kzalloc(dev, sizeof(struct clk_bcm2835_i2c), GFP_KERNEL);
178 	if (priv == NULL)
179 		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
180 
181 	priv->hw.init = &init;
182 	priv->i2c_dev = i2c_dev;
183 
184 	clk_hw_register_clkdev(&priv->hw, "div", dev_name(dev));
185 	return devm_clk_register(dev, &priv->hw);
186 }
187 
188 static void bcm2835_fill_txfifo(struct bcm2835_i2c_dev *i2c_dev)
189 {
190 	u32 val;
191 
192 	while (i2c_dev->msg_buf_remaining) {
193 		val = bcm2835_i2c_readl(i2c_dev, BCM2835_I2C_S);
194 		if (!(val & BCM2835_I2C_S_TXD))
195 			break;
196 		bcm2835_i2c_writel(i2c_dev, BCM2835_I2C_FIFO,
197 				   *i2c_dev->msg_buf);
198 		i2c_dev->msg_buf++;
199 		i2c_dev->msg_buf_remaining--;
200 	}
201 }
202 
203 static void bcm2835_drain_rxfifo(struct bcm2835_i2c_dev *i2c_dev)
204 {
205 	u32 val;
206 
207 	while (i2c_dev->msg_buf_remaining) {
208 		val = bcm2835_i2c_readl(i2c_dev, BCM2835_I2C_S);
209 		if (!(val & BCM2835_I2C_S_RXD))
210 			break;
211 		*i2c_dev->msg_buf = bcm2835_i2c_readl(i2c_dev,
212 						      BCM2835_I2C_FIFO);
213 		i2c_dev->msg_buf++;
214 		i2c_dev->msg_buf_remaining--;
215 	}
216 }
217 
218 /*
219  * Repeated Start Condition (Sr)
220  * The BCM2835 ARM Peripherals datasheet mentions a way to trigger a Sr when it
221  * talks about reading from a slave with 10 bit address. This is achieved by
222  * issuing a write, poll the I2CS.TA flag and wait for it to be set, and then
223  * issue a read.
224  * A comment in https://github.com/raspberrypi/linux/issues/254 shows how the
225  * firmware actually does it using polling and says that it's a workaround for
226  * a problem in the state machine.
227  * It turns out that it is possible to use the TXW interrupt to know when the
228  * transfer is active, provided the FIFO has not been prefilled.
229  */
230 
231 static void bcm2835_i2c_start_transfer(struct bcm2835_i2c_dev *i2c_dev)
232 {
233 	u32 c = BCM2835_I2C_C_ST | BCM2835_I2C_C_I2CEN;
234 	struct i2c_msg *msg = i2c_dev->curr_msg;
235 	bool last_msg = (i2c_dev->num_msgs == 1);
236 
237 	if (!i2c_dev->num_msgs)
238 		return;
239 
240 	i2c_dev->num_msgs--;
241 	i2c_dev->msg_buf = msg->buf;
242 	i2c_dev->msg_buf_remaining = msg->len;
243 
244 	if (msg->flags & I2C_M_RD)
245 		c |= BCM2835_I2C_C_READ | BCM2835_I2C_C_INTR;
246 	else
247 		c |= BCM2835_I2C_C_INTT;
248 
249 	if (last_msg)
250 		c |= BCM2835_I2C_C_INTD;
251 
252 	bcm2835_i2c_writel(i2c_dev, BCM2835_I2C_A, msg->addr);
253 	bcm2835_i2c_writel(i2c_dev, BCM2835_I2C_DLEN, msg->len);
254 	bcm2835_i2c_writel(i2c_dev, BCM2835_I2C_C, c);
255 }
256 
257 static void bcm2835_i2c_finish_transfer(struct bcm2835_i2c_dev *i2c_dev)
258 {
259 	i2c_dev->curr_msg = NULL;
260 	i2c_dev->num_msgs = 0;
261 
262 	i2c_dev->msg_buf = NULL;
263 	i2c_dev->msg_buf_remaining = 0;
264 }
265 
266 /*
267  * Note about I2C_C_CLEAR on error:
268  * The I2C_C_CLEAR on errors will take some time to resolve -- if you were in
269  * non-idle state and I2C_C_READ, it sets an abort_rx flag and runs through
270  * the state machine to send a NACK and a STOP. Since we're setting CLEAR
271  * without I2CEN, that NACK will be hanging around queued up for next time
272  * we start the engine.
273  */
274 
275 static irqreturn_t bcm2835_i2c_isr(int this_irq, void *data)
276 {
277 	struct bcm2835_i2c_dev *i2c_dev = data;
278 	u32 val, err;
279 
280 	val = bcm2835_i2c_readl(i2c_dev, BCM2835_I2C_S);
281 
282 	err = val & (BCM2835_I2C_S_CLKT | BCM2835_I2C_S_ERR);
283 	if (err) {
284 		i2c_dev->msg_err = err;
285 		goto complete;
286 	}
287 
288 	if (val & BCM2835_I2C_S_DONE) {
289 		if (!i2c_dev->curr_msg) {
290 			dev_err(i2c_dev->dev, "Got unexpected interrupt (from firmware?)\n");
291 		} else if (i2c_dev->curr_msg->flags & I2C_M_RD) {
292 			bcm2835_drain_rxfifo(i2c_dev);
293 			val = bcm2835_i2c_readl(i2c_dev, BCM2835_I2C_S);
294 		}
295 
296 		if ((val & BCM2835_I2C_S_RXD) || i2c_dev->msg_buf_remaining)
297 			i2c_dev->msg_err = BCM2835_I2C_S_LEN;
298 		else
299 			i2c_dev->msg_err = 0;
300 		goto complete;
301 	}
302 
303 	if (val & BCM2835_I2C_S_TXW) {
304 		if (!i2c_dev->msg_buf_remaining) {
305 			i2c_dev->msg_err = val | BCM2835_I2C_S_LEN;
306 			goto complete;
307 		}
308 
309 		bcm2835_fill_txfifo(i2c_dev);
310 
311 		if (i2c_dev->num_msgs && !i2c_dev->msg_buf_remaining) {
312 			i2c_dev->curr_msg++;
313 			bcm2835_i2c_start_transfer(i2c_dev);
314 		}
315 
316 		return IRQ_HANDLED;
317 	}
318 
319 	if (val & BCM2835_I2C_S_RXR) {
320 		if (!i2c_dev->msg_buf_remaining) {
321 			i2c_dev->msg_err = val | BCM2835_I2C_S_LEN;
322 			goto complete;
323 		}
324 
325 		bcm2835_drain_rxfifo(i2c_dev);
326 		return IRQ_HANDLED;
327 	}
328 
329 	return IRQ_NONE;
330 
331 complete:
332 	bcm2835_i2c_writel(i2c_dev, BCM2835_I2C_C, BCM2835_I2C_C_CLEAR);
333 	bcm2835_i2c_writel(i2c_dev, BCM2835_I2C_S, BCM2835_I2C_S_CLKT |
334 			   BCM2835_I2C_S_ERR | BCM2835_I2C_S_DONE);
335 	complete(&i2c_dev->completion);
336 
337 	return IRQ_HANDLED;
338 }
339 
340 static int bcm2835_i2c_xfer(struct i2c_adapter *adap, struct i2c_msg msgs[],
341 			    int num)
342 {
343 	struct bcm2835_i2c_dev *i2c_dev = i2c_get_adapdata(adap);
344 	unsigned long time_left;
345 	int i;
346 
347 	for (i = 0; i < (num - 1); i++)
348 		if (msgs[i].flags & I2C_M_RD) {
349 			dev_warn_once(i2c_dev->dev,
350 				      "only one read message supported, has to be last\n");
351 			return -EOPNOTSUPP;
352 		}
353 
354 	i2c_dev->curr_msg = msgs;
355 	i2c_dev->num_msgs = num;
356 	reinit_completion(&i2c_dev->completion);
357 
358 	bcm2835_i2c_start_transfer(i2c_dev);
359 
360 	time_left = wait_for_completion_timeout(&i2c_dev->completion,
361 						adap->timeout);
362 
363 	bcm2835_i2c_finish_transfer(i2c_dev);
364 
365 	if (!time_left) {
366 		bcm2835_i2c_writel(i2c_dev, BCM2835_I2C_C,
367 				   BCM2835_I2C_C_CLEAR);
368 		dev_err(i2c_dev->dev, "i2c transfer timed out\n");
369 		return -ETIMEDOUT;
370 	}
371 
372 	if (!i2c_dev->msg_err)
373 		return num;
374 
375 	dev_dbg(i2c_dev->dev, "i2c transfer failed: %x\n", i2c_dev->msg_err);
376 
377 	if (i2c_dev->msg_err & BCM2835_I2C_S_ERR)
378 		return -EREMOTEIO;
379 
380 	return -EIO;
381 }
382 
383 static u32 bcm2835_i2c_func(struct i2c_adapter *adap)
384 {
385 	return I2C_FUNC_I2C | I2C_FUNC_SMBUS_EMUL;
386 }
387 
388 static const struct i2c_algorithm bcm2835_i2c_algo = {
389 	.master_xfer	= bcm2835_i2c_xfer,
390 	.functionality	= bcm2835_i2c_func,
391 };
392 
393 /*
394  * The BCM2835 was reported to have problems with clock stretching:
395  * http://www.advamation.com/knowhow/raspberrypi/rpi-i2c-bug.html
396  * https://www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?p=146272
397  */
398 static const struct i2c_adapter_quirks bcm2835_i2c_quirks = {
399 	.flags = I2C_AQ_NO_CLK_STRETCH,
400 };
401 
402 static int bcm2835_i2c_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
403 {
404 	struct bcm2835_i2c_dev *i2c_dev;
405 	struct resource *mem, *irq;
406 	int ret;
407 	struct i2c_adapter *adap;
408 	struct clk *mclk;
409 	u32 bus_clk_rate;
410 
411 	i2c_dev = devm_kzalloc(&pdev->dev, sizeof(*i2c_dev), GFP_KERNEL);
412 	if (!i2c_dev)
413 		return -ENOMEM;
414 	platform_set_drvdata(pdev, i2c_dev);
415 	i2c_dev->dev = &pdev->dev;
416 	init_completion(&i2c_dev->completion);
417 
418 	mem = platform_get_resource(pdev, IORESOURCE_MEM, 0);
419 	i2c_dev->regs = devm_ioremap_resource(&pdev->dev, mem);
420 	if (IS_ERR(i2c_dev->regs))
421 		return PTR_ERR(i2c_dev->regs);
422 
423 	mclk = devm_clk_get(&pdev->dev, NULL);
424 	if (IS_ERR(mclk)) {
425 		if (PTR_ERR(mclk) != -EPROBE_DEFER)
426 			dev_err(&pdev->dev, "Could not get clock\n");
427 		return PTR_ERR(mclk);
428 	}
429 
430 	i2c_dev->bus_clk = bcm2835_i2c_register_div(&pdev->dev, mclk, i2c_dev);
431 
432 	if (IS_ERR(i2c_dev->bus_clk)) {
433 		dev_err(&pdev->dev, "Could not register clock\n");
434 		return PTR_ERR(i2c_dev->bus_clk);
435 	}
436 
437 	ret = of_property_read_u32(pdev->dev.of_node, "clock-frequency",
438 				   &bus_clk_rate);
439 	if (ret < 0) {
440 		dev_warn(&pdev->dev,
441 			 "Could not read clock-frequency property\n");
442 		bus_clk_rate = I2C_MAX_STANDARD_MODE_FREQ;
443 	}
444 
445 	ret = clk_set_rate_exclusive(i2c_dev->bus_clk, bus_clk_rate);
446 	if (ret < 0) {
447 		dev_err(&pdev->dev, "Could not set clock frequency\n");
448 		return ret;
449 	}
450 
451 	ret = clk_prepare_enable(i2c_dev->bus_clk);
452 	if (ret) {
453 		dev_err(&pdev->dev, "Couldn't prepare clock");
454 		return ret;
455 	}
456 
457 	irq = platform_get_resource(pdev, IORESOURCE_IRQ, 0);
458 	if (!irq) {
459 		dev_err(&pdev->dev, "No IRQ resource\n");
460 		return -ENODEV;
461 	}
462 	i2c_dev->irq = irq->start;
463 
464 	ret = request_irq(i2c_dev->irq, bcm2835_i2c_isr, IRQF_SHARED,
465 			  dev_name(&pdev->dev), i2c_dev);
466 	if (ret) {
467 		dev_err(&pdev->dev, "Could not request IRQ\n");
468 		return -ENODEV;
469 	}
470 
471 	adap = &i2c_dev->adapter;
472 	i2c_set_adapdata(adap, i2c_dev);
473 	adap->owner = THIS_MODULE;
474 	adap->class = I2C_CLASS_DEPRECATED;
475 	snprintf(adap->name, sizeof(adap->name), "bcm2835 (%s)",
476 		 of_node_full_name(pdev->dev.of_node));
477 	adap->algo = &bcm2835_i2c_algo;
478 	adap->dev.parent = &pdev->dev;
479 	adap->dev.of_node = pdev->dev.of_node;
480 	adap->quirks = of_device_get_match_data(&pdev->dev);
481 
482 	bcm2835_i2c_writel(i2c_dev, BCM2835_I2C_C, 0);
483 
484 	ret = i2c_add_adapter(adap);
485 	if (ret)
486 		free_irq(i2c_dev->irq, i2c_dev);
487 
488 	return ret;
489 }
490 
491 static int bcm2835_i2c_remove(struct platform_device *pdev)
492 {
493 	struct bcm2835_i2c_dev *i2c_dev = platform_get_drvdata(pdev);
494 
495 	clk_rate_exclusive_put(i2c_dev->bus_clk);
496 	clk_disable_unprepare(i2c_dev->bus_clk);
497 
498 	free_irq(i2c_dev->irq, i2c_dev);
499 	i2c_del_adapter(&i2c_dev->adapter);
500 
501 	return 0;
502 }
503 
504 static const struct of_device_id bcm2835_i2c_of_match[] = {
505 	{ .compatible = "brcm,bcm2711-i2c" },
506 	{ .compatible = "brcm,bcm2835-i2c", .data = &bcm2835_i2c_quirks },
507 	{},
508 };
509 MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(of, bcm2835_i2c_of_match);
510 
511 static struct platform_driver bcm2835_i2c_driver = {
512 	.probe		= bcm2835_i2c_probe,
513 	.remove		= bcm2835_i2c_remove,
514 	.driver		= {
515 		.name	= "i2c-bcm2835",
516 		.of_match_table = bcm2835_i2c_of_match,
517 	},
518 };
519 module_platform_driver(bcm2835_i2c_driver);
520 
521 MODULE_AUTHOR("Stephen Warren <swarren@wwwdotorg.org>");
522 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("BCM2835 I2C bus adapter");
523 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL v2");
524 MODULE_ALIAS("platform:i2c-bcm2835");
525