xref: /linux/drivers/char/nwflash.c (revision 60e13231561b3a4c5269bfa1ef6c0569ad6f28ec)
1 /*
2  * Flash memory interface rev.5 driver for the Intel
3  * Flash chips used on the NetWinder.
4  *
5  * 20/08/2000	RMK	use __ioremap to map flash into virtual memory
6  *			make a few more places use "volatile"
7  * 22/05/2001	RMK	- Lock read against write
8  *			- merge printk level changes (with mods) from Alan Cox.
9  *			- use *ppos as the file position, not file->f_pos.
10  *			- fix check for out of range pos and r/w size
11  *
12  * Please note that we are tampering with the only flash chip in the
13  * machine, which contains the bootup code.  We therefore have the
14  * power to convert these machines into doorstops...
15  */
16 
17 #include <linux/module.h>
18 #include <linux/types.h>
19 #include <linux/fs.h>
20 #include <linux/errno.h>
21 #include <linux/mm.h>
22 #include <linux/delay.h>
23 #include <linux/proc_fs.h>
24 #include <linux/miscdevice.h>
25 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
26 #include <linux/rwsem.h>
27 #include <linux/init.h>
28 #include <linux/mutex.h>
29 #include <linux/jiffies.h>
30 
31 #include <asm/hardware/dec21285.h>
32 #include <asm/io.h>
33 #include <asm/leds.h>
34 #include <asm/mach-types.h>
35 #include <asm/system.h>
36 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
37 
38 /*****************************************************************************/
39 #include <asm/nwflash.h>
40 
41 #define	NWFLASH_VERSION "6.4"
42 
43 static DEFINE_MUTEX(flash_mutex);
44 static void kick_open(void);
45 static int get_flash_id(void);
46 static int erase_block(int nBlock);
47 static int write_block(unsigned long p, const char __user *buf, int count);
48 
49 #define KFLASH_SIZE	1024*1024	//1 Meg
50 #define KFLASH_SIZE4	4*1024*1024	//4 Meg
51 #define KFLASH_ID	0x89A6		//Intel flash
52 #define KFLASH_ID4	0xB0D4		//Intel flash 4Meg
53 
54 static int flashdebug;		//if set - we will display progress msgs
55 
56 static int gbWriteEnable;
57 static int gbWriteBase64Enable;
58 static volatile unsigned char *FLASH_BASE;
59 static int gbFlashSize = KFLASH_SIZE;
60 static DEFINE_MUTEX(nwflash_mutex);
61 
62 static int get_flash_id(void)
63 {
64 	volatile unsigned int c1, c2;
65 
66 	/*
67 	 * try to get flash chip ID
68 	 */
69 	kick_open();
70 	c2 = inb(0x80);
71 	*(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000) = 0x90;
72 	udelay(15);
73 	c1 = *(volatile unsigned char *) FLASH_BASE;
74 	c2 = inb(0x80);
75 
76 	/*
77 	 * on 4 Meg flash the second byte is actually at offset 2...
78 	 */
79 	if (c1 == 0xB0)
80 		c2 = *(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 2);
81 	else
82 		c2 = *(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 1);
83 
84 	c2 += (c1 << 8);
85 
86 	/*
87 	 * set it back to read mode
88 	 */
89 	*(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000) = 0xFF;
90 
91 	if (c2 == KFLASH_ID4)
92 		gbFlashSize = KFLASH_SIZE4;
93 
94 	return c2;
95 }
96 
97 static long flash_ioctl(struct file *filep, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
98 {
99 	mutex_lock(&flash_mutex);
100 	switch (cmd) {
101 	case CMD_WRITE_DISABLE:
102 		gbWriteBase64Enable = 0;
103 		gbWriteEnable = 0;
104 		break;
105 
106 	case CMD_WRITE_ENABLE:
107 		gbWriteEnable = 1;
108 		break;
109 
110 	case CMD_WRITE_BASE64K_ENABLE:
111 		gbWriteBase64Enable = 1;
112 		break;
113 
114 	default:
115 		gbWriteBase64Enable = 0;
116 		gbWriteEnable = 0;
117 		mutex_unlock(&flash_mutex);
118 		return -EINVAL;
119 	}
120 	mutex_unlock(&flash_mutex);
121 	return 0;
122 }
123 
124 static ssize_t flash_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf, size_t size,
125 			  loff_t *ppos)
126 {
127 	ssize_t ret;
128 
129 	if (flashdebug)
130 		printk(KERN_DEBUG "flash_read: flash_read: offset=0x%llx, "
131 		       "buffer=%p, count=0x%zx.\n", *ppos, buf, size);
132 	/*
133 	 * We now lock against reads and writes. --rmk
134 	 */
135 	if (mutex_lock_interruptible(&nwflash_mutex))
136 		return -ERESTARTSYS;
137 
138 	ret = simple_read_from_buffer(buf, size, ppos, (void *)FLASH_BASE, gbFlashSize);
139 	mutex_unlock(&nwflash_mutex);
140 
141 	return ret;
142 }
143 
144 static ssize_t flash_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buf,
145 			   size_t size, loff_t * ppos)
146 {
147 	unsigned long p = *ppos;
148 	unsigned int count = size;
149 	int written;
150 	int nBlock, temp, rc;
151 	int i, j;
152 
153 	if (flashdebug)
154 		printk("flash_write: offset=0x%lX, buffer=0x%p, count=0x%X.\n",
155 		       p, buf, count);
156 
157 	if (!gbWriteEnable)
158 		return -EINVAL;
159 
160 	if (p < 64 * 1024 && (!gbWriteBase64Enable))
161 		return -EINVAL;
162 
163 	/*
164 	 * check for out of range pos or count
165 	 */
166 	if (p >= gbFlashSize)
167 		return count ? -ENXIO : 0;
168 
169 	if (count > gbFlashSize - p)
170 		count = gbFlashSize - p;
171 
172 	if (!access_ok(VERIFY_READ, buf, count))
173 		return -EFAULT;
174 
175 	/*
176 	 * We now lock against reads and writes. --rmk
177 	 */
178 	if (mutex_lock_interruptible(&nwflash_mutex))
179 		return -ERESTARTSYS;
180 
181 	written = 0;
182 
183 	leds_event(led_claim);
184 	leds_event(led_green_on);
185 
186 	nBlock = (int) p >> 16;	//block # of 64K bytes
187 
188 	/*
189 	 * # of 64K blocks to erase and write
190 	 */
191 	temp = ((int) (p + count) >> 16) - nBlock + 1;
192 
193 	/*
194 	 * write ends at exactly 64k boundary?
195 	 */
196 	if (((int) (p + count) & 0xFFFF) == 0)
197 		temp -= 1;
198 
199 	if (flashdebug)
200 		printk(KERN_DEBUG "flash_write: writing %d block(s) "
201 			"starting at %d.\n", temp, nBlock);
202 
203 	for (; temp; temp--, nBlock++) {
204 		if (flashdebug)
205 			printk(KERN_DEBUG "flash_write: erasing block %d.\n", nBlock);
206 
207 		/*
208 		 * first we have to erase the block(s), where we will write...
209 		 */
210 		i = 0;
211 		j = 0;
212 	  RetryBlock:
213 		do {
214 			rc = erase_block(nBlock);
215 			i++;
216 		} while (rc && i < 10);
217 
218 		if (rc) {
219 			printk(KERN_ERR "flash_write: erase error %x\n", rc);
220 			break;
221 		}
222 		if (flashdebug)
223 			printk(KERN_DEBUG "flash_write: writing offset %lX, "
224 			       "from buf %p, bytes left %X.\n", p, buf,
225 			       count - written);
226 
227 		/*
228 		 * write_block will limit write to space left in this block
229 		 */
230 		rc = write_block(p, buf, count - written);
231 		j++;
232 
233 		/*
234 		 * if somehow write verify failed? Can't happen??
235 		 */
236 		if (!rc) {
237 			/*
238 			 * retry up to 10 times
239 			 */
240 			if (j < 10)
241 				goto RetryBlock;
242 			else
243 				/*
244 				 * else quit with error...
245 				 */
246 				rc = -1;
247 
248 		}
249 		if (rc < 0) {
250 			printk(KERN_ERR "flash_write: write error %X\n", rc);
251 			break;
252 		}
253 		p += rc;
254 		buf += rc;
255 		written += rc;
256 		*ppos += rc;
257 
258 		if (flashdebug)
259 			printk(KERN_DEBUG "flash_write: written 0x%X bytes OK.\n", written);
260 	}
261 
262 	/*
263 	 * restore reg on exit
264 	 */
265 	leds_event(led_release);
266 
267 	mutex_unlock(&nwflash_mutex);
268 
269 	return written;
270 }
271 
272 
273 /*
274  * The memory devices use the full 32/64 bits of the offset, and so we cannot
275  * check against negative addresses: they are ok. The return value is weird,
276  * though, in that case (0).
277  *
278  * also note that seeking relative to the "end of file" isn't supported:
279  * it has no meaning, so it returns -EINVAL.
280  */
281 static loff_t flash_llseek(struct file *file, loff_t offset, int orig)
282 {
283 	loff_t ret;
284 
285 	mutex_lock(&flash_mutex);
286 	if (flashdebug)
287 		printk(KERN_DEBUG "flash_llseek: offset=0x%X, orig=0x%X.\n",
288 		       (unsigned int) offset, orig);
289 
290 	switch (orig) {
291 	case 0:
292 		if (offset < 0) {
293 			ret = -EINVAL;
294 			break;
295 		}
296 
297 		if ((unsigned int) offset > gbFlashSize) {
298 			ret = -EINVAL;
299 			break;
300 		}
301 
302 		file->f_pos = (unsigned int) offset;
303 		ret = file->f_pos;
304 		break;
305 	case 1:
306 		if ((file->f_pos + offset) > gbFlashSize) {
307 			ret = -EINVAL;
308 			break;
309 		}
310 		if ((file->f_pos + offset) < 0) {
311 			ret = -EINVAL;
312 			break;
313 		}
314 		file->f_pos += offset;
315 		ret = file->f_pos;
316 		break;
317 	default:
318 		ret = -EINVAL;
319 	}
320 	mutex_unlock(&flash_mutex);
321 	return ret;
322 }
323 
324 
325 /*
326  * assume that main Write routine did the parameter checking...
327  * so just go ahead and erase, what requested!
328  */
329 
330 static int erase_block(int nBlock)
331 {
332 	volatile unsigned int c1;
333 	volatile unsigned char *pWritePtr;
334 	unsigned long timeout;
335 	int temp, temp1;
336 
337 	/*
338 	 * orange LED == erase
339 	 */
340 	leds_event(led_amber_on);
341 
342 	/*
343 	 * reset footbridge to the correct offset 0 (...0..3)
344 	 */
345 	*CSR_ROMWRITEREG = 0;
346 
347 	/*
348 	 * dummy ROM read
349 	 */
350 	c1 = *(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000);
351 
352 	kick_open();
353 	/*
354 	 * reset status if old errors
355 	 */
356 	*(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000) = 0x50;
357 
358 	/*
359 	 * erase a block...
360 	 * aim at the middle of a current block...
361 	 */
362 	pWritePtr = (unsigned char *) ((unsigned int) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000 + (nBlock << 16)));
363 	/*
364 	 * dummy read
365 	 */
366 	c1 = *pWritePtr;
367 
368 	kick_open();
369 	/*
370 	 * erase
371 	 */
372 	*(volatile unsigned char *) pWritePtr = 0x20;
373 
374 	/*
375 	 * confirm
376 	 */
377 	*(volatile unsigned char *) pWritePtr = 0xD0;
378 
379 	/*
380 	 * wait 10 ms
381 	 */
382 	msleep(10);
383 
384 	/*
385 	 * wait while erasing in process (up to 10 sec)
386 	 */
387 	timeout = jiffies + 10 * HZ;
388 	c1 = 0;
389 	while (!(c1 & 0x80) && time_before(jiffies, timeout)) {
390 		msleep(10);
391 		/*
392 		 * read any address
393 		 */
394 		c1 = *(volatile unsigned char *) (pWritePtr);
395 		//              printk("Flash_erase: status=%X.\n",c1);
396 	}
397 
398 	/*
399 	 * set flash for normal read access
400 	 */
401 	kick_open();
402 //      *(volatile unsigned char*)(FLASH_BASE+0x8000) = 0xFF;
403 	*(volatile unsigned char *) pWritePtr = 0xFF;	//back to normal operation
404 
405 	/*
406 	 * check if erase errors were reported
407 	 */
408 	if (c1 & 0x20) {
409 		printk(KERN_ERR "flash_erase: err at %p\n", pWritePtr);
410 
411 		/*
412 		 * reset error
413 		 */
414 		*(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000) = 0x50;
415 		return -2;
416 	}
417 
418 	/*
419 	 * just to make sure - verify if erased OK...
420 	 */
421 	msleep(10);
422 
423 	pWritePtr = (unsigned char *) ((unsigned int) (FLASH_BASE + (nBlock << 16)));
424 
425 	for (temp = 0; temp < 16 * 1024; temp++, pWritePtr += 4) {
426 		if ((temp1 = *(volatile unsigned int *) pWritePtr) != 0xFFFFFFFF) {
427 			printk(KERN_ERR "flash_erase: verify err at %p = %X\n",
428 			       pWritePtr, temp1);
429 			return -1;
430 		}
431 	}
432 
433 	return 0;
434 
435 }
436 
437 /*
438  * write_block will limit number of bytes written to the space in this block
439  */
440 static int write_block(unsigned long p, const char __user *buf, int count)
441 {
442 	volatile unsigned int c1;
443 	volatile unsigned int c2;
444 	unsigned char *pWritePtr;
445 	unsigned int uAddress;
446 	unsigned int offset;
447 	unsigned long timeout;
448 	unsigned long timeout1;
449 
450 	/*
451 	 * red LED == write
452 	 */
453 	leds_event(led_amber_off);
454 	leds_event(led_red_on);
455 
456 	pWritePtr = (unsigned char *) ((unsigned int) (FLASH_BASE + p));
457 
458 	/*
459 	 * check if write will end in this block....
460 	 */
461 	offset = p & 0xFFFF;
462 
463 	if (offset + count > 0x10000)
464 		count = 0x10000 - offset;
465 
466 	/*
467 	 * wait up to 30 sec for this block
468 	 */
469 	timeout = jiffies + 30 * HZ;
470 
471 	for (offset = 0; offset < count; offset++, pWritePtr++) {
472 		uAddress = (unsigned int) pWritePtr;
473 		uAddress &= 0xFFFFFFFC;
474 		if (__get_user(c2, buf + offset))
475 			return -EFAULT;
476 
477 	  WriteRetry:
478 	  	/*
479 	  	 * dummy read
480 	  	 */
481 		c1 = *(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000);
482 
483 		/*
484 		 * kick open the write gate
485 		 */
486 		kick_open();
487 
488 		/*
489 		 * program footbridge to the correct offset...0..3
490 		 */
491 		*CSR_ROMWRITEREG = (unsigned int) pWritePtr & 3;
492 
493 		/*
494 		 * write cmd
495 		 */
496 		*(volatile unsigned char *) (uAddress) = 0x40;
497 
498 		/*
499 		 * data to write
500 		 */
501 		*(volatile unsigned char *) (uAddress) = c2;
502 
503 		/*
504 		 * get status
505 		 */
506 		*(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x10000) = 0x70;
507 
508 		c1 = 0;
509 
510 		/*
511 		 * wait up to 1 sec for this byte
512 		 */
513 		timeout1 = jiffies + 1 * HZ;
514 
515 		/*
516 		 * while not ready...
517 		 */
518 		while (!(c1 & 0x80) && time_before(jiffies, timeout1))
519 			c1 = *(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000);
520 
521 		/*
522 		 * if timeout getting status
523 		 */
524 		if (time_after_eq(jiffies, timeout1)) {
525 			kick_open();
526 			/*
527 			 * reset err
528 			 */
529 			*(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000) = 0x50;
530 
531 			goto WriteRetry;
532 		}
533 		/*
534 		 * switch on read access, as a default flash operation mode
535 		 */
536 		kick_open();
537 		/*
538 		 * read access
539 		 */
540 		*(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000) = 0xFF;
541 
542 		/*
543 		 * if hardware reports an error writing, and not timeout -
544 		 * reset the chip and retry
545 		 */
546 		if (c1 & 0x10) {
547 			kick_open();
548 			/*
549 			 * reset err
550 			 */
551 			*(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000) = 0x50;
552 
553 			/*
554 			 * before timeout?
555 			 */
556 			if (time_before(jiffies, timeout)) {
557 				if (flashdebug)
558 					printk(KERN_DEBUG "write_block: Retrying write at 0x%X)n",
559 					       pWritePtr - FLASH_BASE);
560 
561 				/*
562 				 * no LED == waiting
563 				 */
564 				leds_event(led_amber_off);
565 				/*
566 				 * wait couple ms
567 				 */
568 				msleep(10);
569 				/*
570 				 * red LED == write
571 				 */
572 				leds_event(led_red_on);
573 
574 				goto WriteRetry;
575 			} else {
576 				printk(KERN_ERR "write_block: timeout at 0x%X\n",
577 				       pWritePtr - FLASH_BASE);
578 				/*
579 				 * return error -2
580 				 */
581 				return -2;
582 
583 			}
584 		}
585 	}
586 
587 	/*
588 	 * green LED == read/verify
589 	 */
590 	leds_event(led_amber_off);
591 	leds_event(led_green_on);
592 
593 	msleep(10);
594 
595 	pWritePtr = (unsigned char *) ((unsigned int) (FLASH_BASE + p));
596 
597 	for (offset = 0; offset < count; offset++) {
598 		char c, c1;
599 		if (__get_user(c, buf))
600 			return -EFAULT;
601 		buf++;
602 		if ((c1 = *pWritePtr++) != c) {
603 			printk(KERN_ERR "write_block: verify error at 0x%X (%02X!=%02X)\n",
604 			       pWritePtr - FLASH_BASE, c1, c);
605 			return 0;
606 		}
607 	}
608 
609 	return count;
610 }
611 
612 
613 static void kick_open(void)
614 {
615 	unsigned long flags;
616 
617 	/*
618 	 * we want to write a bit pattern XXX1 to Xilinx to enable
619 	 * the write gate, which will be open for about the next 2ms.
620 	 */
621 	spin_lock_irqsave(&nw_gpio_lock, flags);
622 	nw_cpld_modify(CPLD_FLASH_WR_ENABLE, CPLD_FLASH_WR_ENABLE);
623 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&nw_gpio_lock, flags);
624 
625 	/*
626 	 * let the ISA bus to catch on...
627 	 */
628 	udelay(25);
629 }
630 
631 static const struct file_operations flash_fops =
632 {
633 	.owner		= THIS_MODULE,
634 	.llseek		= flash_llseek,
635 	.read		= flash_read,
636 	.write		= flash_write,
637 	.unlocked_ioctl	= flash_ioctl,
638 };
639 
640 static struct miscdevice flash_miscdev =
641 {
642 	FLASH_MINOR,
643 	"nwflash",
644 	&flash_fops
645 };
646 
647 static int __init nwflash_init(void)
648 {
649 	int ret = -ENODEV;
650 
651 	if (machine_is_netwinder()) {
652 		int id;
653 
654 		FLASH_BASE = ioremap(DC21285_FLASH, KFLASH_SIZE4);
655 		if (!FLASH_BASE)
656 			goto out;
657 
658 		id = get_flash_id();
659 		if ((id != KFLASH_ID) && (id != KFLASH_ID4)) {
660 			ret = -ENXIO;
661 			iounmap((void *)FLASH_BASE);
662 			printk("Flash: incorrect ID 0x%04X.\n", id);
663 			goto out;
664 		}
665 
666 		printk("Flash ROM driver v.%s, flash device ID 0x%04X, size %d Mb.\n",
667 		       NWFLASH_VERSION, id, gbFlashSize / (1024 * 1024));
668 
669 		ret = misc_register(&flash_miscdev);
670 		if (ret < 0) {
671 			iounmap((void *)FLASH_BASE);
672 		}
673 	}
674 out:
675 	return ret;
676 }
677 
678 static void __exit nwflash_exit(void)
679 {
680 	misc_deregister(&flash_miscdev);
681 	iounmap((void *)FLASH_BASE);
682 }
683 
684 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
685 
686 module_param(flashdebug, bool, 0644);
687 
688 module_init(nwflash_init);
689 module_exit(nwflash_exit);
690