xref: /linux/drivers/char/nwflash.c (revision 0d456bad36d42d16022be045c8a53ddbb59ee478)
1 /*
2  * Flash memory interface rev.5 driver for the Intel
3  * Flash chips used on the NetWinder.
4  *
5  * 20/08/2000	RMK	use __ioremap to map flash into virtual memory
6  *			make a few more places use "volatile"
7  * 22/05/2001	RMK	- Lock read against write
8  *			- merge printk level changes (with mods) from Alan Cox.
9  *			- use *ppos as the file position, not file->f_pos.
10  *			- fix check for out of range pos and r/w size
11  *
12  * Please note that we are tampering with the only flash chip in the
13  * machine, which contains the bootup code.  We therefore have the
14  * power to convert these machines into doorstops...
15  */
16 
17 #include <linux/module.h>
18 #include <linux/types.h>
19 #include <linux/fs.h>
20 #include <linux/errno.h>
21 #include <linux/mm.h>
22 #include <linux/delay.h>
23 #include <linux/proc_fs.h>
24 #include <linux/miscdevice.h>
25 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
26 #include <linux/rwsem.h>
27 #include <linux/init.h>
28 #include <linux/mutex.h>
29 #include <linux/jiffies.h>
30 
31 #include <asm/hardware/dec21285.h>
32 #include <asm/io.h>
33 #include <asm/mach-types.h>
34 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
35 
36 /*****************************************************************************/
37 #include <asm/nwflash.h>
38 
39 #define	NWFLASH_VERSION "6.4"
40 
41 static DEFINE_MUTEX(flash_mutex);
42 static void kick_open(void);
43 static int get_flash_id(void);
44 static int erase_block(int nBlock);
45 static int write_block(unsigned long p, const char __user *buf, int count);
46 
47 #define KFLASH_SIZE	1024*1024	//1 Meg
48 #define KFLASH_SIZE4	4*1024*1024	//4 Meg
49 #define KFLASH_ID	0x89A6		//Intel flash
50 #define KFLASH_ID4	0xB0D4		//Intel flash 4Meg
51 
52 static bool flashdebug;		//if set - we will display progress msgs
53 
54 static int gbWriteEnable;
55 static int gbWriteBase64Enable;
56 static volatile unsigned char *FLASH_BASE;
57 static int gbFlashSize = KFLASH_SIZE;
58 static DEFINE_MUTEX(nwflash_mutex);
59 
60 static int get_flash_id(void)
61 {
62 	volatile unsigned int c1, c2;
63 
64 	/*
65 	 * try to get flash chip ID
66 	 */
67 	kick_open();
68 	c2 = inb(0x80);
69 	*(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000) = 0x90;
70 	udelay(15);
71 	c1 = *(volatile unsigned char *) FLASH_BASE;
72 	c2 = inb(0x80);
73 
74 	/*
75 	 * on 4 Meg flash the second byte is actually at offset 2...
76 	 */
77 	if (c1 == 0xB0)
78 		c2 = *(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 2);
79 	else
80 		c2 = *(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 1);
81 
82 	c2 += (c1 << 8);
83 
84 	/*
85 	 * set it back to read mode
86 	 */
87 	*(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000) = 0xFF;
88 
89 	if (c2 == KFLASH_ID4)
90 		gbFlashSize = KFLASH_SIZE4;
91 
92 	return c2;
93 }
94 
95 static long flash_ioctl(struct file *filep, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
96 {
97 	mutex_lock(&flash_mutex);
98 	switch (cmd) {
99 	case CMD_WRITE_DISABLE:
100 		gbWriteBase64Enable = 0;
101 		gbWriteEnable = 0;
102 		break;
103 
104 	case CMD_WRITE_ENABLE:
105 		gbWriteEnable = 1;
106 		break;
107 
108 	case CMD_WRITE_BASE64K_ENABLE:
109 		gbWriteBase64Enable = 1;
110 		break;
111 
112 	default:
113 		gbWriteBase64Enable = 0;
114 		gbWriteEnable = 0;
115 		mutex_unlock(&flash_mutex);
116 		return -EINVAL;
117 	}
118 	mutex_unlock(&flash_mutex);
119 	return 0;
120 }
121 
122 static ssize_t flash_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf, size_t size,
123 			  loff_t *ppos)
124 {
125 	ssize_t ret;
126 
127 	if (flashdebug)
128 		printk(KERN_DEBUG "flash_read: flash_read: offset=0x%llx, "
129 		       "buffer=%p, count=0x%zx.\n", *ppos, buf, size);
130 	/*
131 	 * We now lock against reads and writes. --rmk
132 	 */
133 	if (mutex_lock_interruptible(&nwflash_mutex))
134 		return -ERESTARTSYS;
135 
136 	ret = simple_read_from_buffer(buf, size, ppos, (void *)FLASH_BASE, gbFlashSize);
137 	mutex_unlock(&nwflash_mutex);
138 
139 	return ret;
140 }
141 
142 static ssize_t flash_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buf,
143 			   size_t size, loff_t * ppos)
144 {
145 	unsigned long p = *ppos;
146 	unsigned int count = size;
147 	int written;
148 	int nBlock, temp, rc;
149 	int i, j;
150 
151 	if (flashdebug)
152 		printk("flash_write: offset=0x%lX, buffer=0x%p, count=0x%X.\n",
153 		       p, buf, count);
154 
155 	if (!gbWriteEnable)
156 		return -EINVAL;
157 
158 	if (p < 64 * 1024 && (!gbWriteBase64Enable))
159 		return -EINVAL;
160 
161 	/*
162 	 * check for out of range pos or count
163 	 */
164 	if (p >= gbFlashSize)
165 		return count ? -ENXIO : 0;
166 
167 	if (count > gbFlashSize - p)
168 		count = gbFlashSize - p;
169 
170 	if (!access_ok(VERIFY_READ, buf, count))
171 		return -EFAULT;
172 
173 	/*
174 	 * We now lock against reads and writes. --rmk
175 	 */
176 	if (mutex_lock_interruptible(&nwflash_mutex))
177 		return -ERESTARTSYS;
178 
179 	written = 0;
180 
181 	nBlock = (int) p >> 16;	//block # of 64K bytes
182 
183 	/*
184 	 * # of 64K blocks to erase and write
185 	 */
186 	temp = ((int) (p + count) >> 16) - nBlock + 1;
187 
188 	/*
189 	 * write ends at exactly 64k boundary?
190 	 */
191 	if (((int) (p + count) & 0xFFFF) == 0)
192 		temp -= 1;
193 
194 	if (flashdebug)
195 		printk(KERN_DEBUG "flash_write: writing %d block(s) "
196 			"starting at %d.\n", temp, nBlock);
197 
198 	for (; temp; temp--, nBlock++) {
199 		if (flashdebug)
200 			printk(KERN_DEBUG "flash_write: erasing block %d.\n", nBlock);
201 
202 		/*
203 		 * first we have to erase the block(s), where we will write...
204 		 */
205 		i = 0;
206 		j = 0;
207 	  RetryBlock:
208 		do {
209 			rc = erase_block(nBlock);
210 			i++;
211 		} while (rc && i < 10);
212 
213 		if (rc) {
214 			printk(KERN_ERR "flash_write: erase error %x\n", rc);
215 			break;
216 		}
217 		if (flashdebug)
218 			printk(KERN_DEBUG "flash_write: writing offset %lX, "
219 			       "from buf %p, bytes left %X.\n", p, buf,
220 			       count - written);
221 
222 		/*
223 		 * write_block will limit write to space left in this block
224 		 */
225 		rc = write_block(p, buf, count - written);
226 		j++;
227 
228 		/*
229 		 * if somehow write verify failed? Can't happen??
230 		 */
231 		if (!rc) {
232 			/*
233 			 * retry up to 10 times
234 			 */
235 			if (j < 10)
236 				goto RetryBlock;
237 			else
238 				/*
239 				 * else quit with error...
240 				 */
241 				rc = -1;
242 
243 		}
244 		if (rc < 0) {
245 			printk(KERN_ERR "flash_write: write error %X\n", rc);
246 			break;
247 		}
248 		p += rc;
249 		buf += rc;
250 		written += rc;
251 		*ppos += rc;
252 
253 		if (flashdebug)
254 			printk(KERN_DEBUG "flash_write: written 0x%X bytes OK.\n", written);
255 	}
256 
257 	mutex_unlock(&nwflash_mutex);
258 
259 	return written;
260 }
261 
262 
263 /*
264  * The memory devices use the full 32/64 bits of the offset, and so we cannot
265  * check against negative addresses: they are ok. The return value is weird,
266  * though, in that case (0).
267  *
268  * also note that seeking relative to the "end of file" isn't supported:
269  * it has no meaning, so it returns -EINVAL.
270  */
271 static loff_t flash_llseek(struct file *file, loff_t offset, int orig)
272 {
273 	loff_t ret;
274 
275 	mutex_lock(&flash_mutex);
276 	if (flashdebug)
277 		printk(KERN_DEBUG "flash_llseek: offset=0x%X, orig=0x%X.\n",
278 		       (unsigned int) offset, orig);
279 
280 	switch (orig) {
281 	case 0:
282 		if (offset < 0) {
283 			ret = -EINVAL;
284 			break;
285 		}
286 
287 		if ((unsigned int) offset > gbFlashSize) {
288 			ret = -EINVAL;
289 			break;
290 		}
291 
292 		file->f_pos = (unsigned int) offset;
293 		ret = file->f_pos;
294 		break;
295 	case 1:
296 		if ((file->f_pos + offset) > gbFlashSize) {
297 			ret = -EINVAL;
298 			break;
299 		}
300 		if ((file->f_pos + offset) < 0) {
301 			ret = -EINVAL;
302 			break;
303 		}
304 		file->f_pos += offset;
305 		ret = file->f_pos;
306 		break;
307 	default:
308 		ret = -EINVAL;
309 	}
310 	mutex_unlock(&flash_mutex);
311 	return ret;
312 }
313 
314 
315 /*
316  * assume that main Write routine did the parameter checking...
317  * so just go ahead and erase, what requested!
318  */
319 
320 static int erase_block(int nBlock)
321 {
322 	volatile unsigned int c1;
323 	volatile unsigned char *pWritePtr;
324 	unsigned long timeout;
325 	int temp, temp1;
326 
327 	/*
328 	 * reset footbridge to the correct offset 0 (...0..3)
329 	 */
330 	*CSR_ROMWRITEREG = 0;
331 
332 	/*
333 	 * dummy ROM read
334 	 */
335 	c1 = *(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000);
336 
337 	kick_open();
338 	/*
339 	 * reset status if old errors
340 	 */
341 	*(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000) = 0x50;
342 
343 	/*
344 	 * erase a block...
345 	 * aim at the middle of a current block...
346 	 */
347 	pWritePtr = (unsigned char *) ((unsigned int) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000 + (nBlock << 16)));
348 	/*
349 	 * dummy read
350 	 */
351 	c1 = *pWritePtr;
352 
353 	kick_open();
354 	/*
355 	 * erase
356 	 */
357 	*(volatile unsigned char *) pWritePtr = 0x20;
358 
359 	/*
360 	 * confirm
361 	 */
362 	*(volatile unsigned char *) pWritePtr = 0xD0;
363 
364 	/*
365 	 * wait 10 ms
366 	 */
367 	msleep(10);
368 
369 	/*
370 	 * wait while erasing in process (up to 10 sec)
371 	 */
372 	timeout = jiffies + 10 * HZ;
373 	c1 = 0;
374 	while (!(c1 & 0x80) && time_before(jiffies, timeout)) {
375 		msleep(10);
376 		/*
377 		 * read any address
378 		 */
379 		c1 = *(volatile unsigned char *) (pWritePtr);
380 		//              printk("Flash_erase: status=%X.\n",c1);
381 	}
382 
383 	/*
384 	 * set flash for normal read access
385 	 */
386 	kick_open();
387 //      *(volatile unsigned char*)(FLASH_BASE+0x8000) = 0xFF;
388 	*(volatile unsigned char *) pWritePtr = 0xFF;	//back to normal operation
389 
390 	/*
391 	 * check if erase errors were reported
392 	 */
393 	if (c1 & 0x20) {
394 		printk(KERN_ERR "flash_erase: err at %p\n", pWritePtr);
395 
396 		/*
397 		 * reset error
398 		 */
399 		*(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000) = 0x50;
400 		return -2;
401 	}
402 
403 	/*
404 	 * just to make sure - verify if erased OK...
405 	 */
406 	msleep(10);
407 
408 	pWritePtr = (unsigned char *) ((unsigned int) (FLASH_BASE + (nBlock << 16)));
409 
410 	for (temp = 0; temp < 16 * 1024; temp++, pWritePtr += 4) {
411 		if ((temp1 = *(volatile unsigned int *) pWritePtr) != 0xFFFFFFFF) {
412 			printk(KERN_ERR "flash_erase: verify err at %p = %X\n",
413 			       pWritePtr, temp1);
414 			return -1;
415 		}
416 	}
417 
418 	return 0;
419 
420 }
421 
422 /*
423  * write_block will limit number of bytes written to the space in this block
424  */
425 static int write_block(unsigned long p, const char __user *buf, int count)
426 {
427 	volatile unsigned int c1;
428 	volatile unsigned int c2;
429 	unsigned char *pWritePtr;
430 	unsigned int uAddress;
431 	unsigned int offset;
432 	unsigned long timeout;
433 	unsigned long timeout1;
434 
435 	pWritePtr = (unsigned char *) ((unsigned int) (FLASH_BASE + p));
436 
437 	/*
438 	 * check if write will end in this block....
439 	 */
440 	offset = p & 0xFFFF;
441 
442 	if (offset + count > 0x10000)
443 		count = 0x10000 - offset;
444 
445 	/*
446 	 * wait up to 30 sec for this block
447 	 */
448 	timeout = jiffies + 30 * HZ;
449 
450 	for (offset = 0; offset < count; offset++, pWritePtr++) {
451 		uAddress = (unsigned int) pWritePtr;
452 		uAddress &= 0xFFFFFFFC;
453 		if (__get_user(c2, buf + offset))
454 			return -EFAULT;
455 
456 	  WriteRetry:
457 	  	/*
458 	  	 * dummy read
459 	  	 */
460 		c1 = *(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000);
461 
462 		/*
463 		 * kick open the write gate
464 		 */
465 		kick_open();
466 
467 		/*
468 		 * program footbridge to the correct offset...0..3
469 		 */
470 		*CSR_ROMWRITEREG = (unsigned int) pWritePtr & 3;
471 
472 		/*
473 		 * write cmd
474 		 */
475 		*(volatile unsigned char *) (uAddress) = 0x40;
476 
477 		/*
478 		 * data to write
479 		 */
480 		*(volatile unsigned char *) (uAddress) = c2;
481 
482 		/*
483 		 * get status
484 		 */
485 		*(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x10000) = 0x70;
486 
487 		c1 = 0;
488 
489 		/*
490 		 * wait up to 1 sec for this byte
491 		 */
492 		timeout1 = jiffies + 1 * HZ;
493 
494 		/*
495 		 * while not ready...
496 		 */
497 		while (!(c1 & 0x80) && time_before(jiffies, timeout1))
498 			c1 = *(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000);
499 
500 		/*
501 		 * if timeout getting status
502 		 */
503 		if (time_after_eq(jiffies, timeout1)) {
504 			kick_open();
505 			/*
506 			 * reset err
507 			 */
508 			*(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000) = 0x50;
509 
510 			goto WriteRetry;
511 		}
512 		/*
513 		 * switch on read access, as a default flash operation mode
514 		 */
515 		kick_open();
516 		/*
517 		 * read access
518 		 */
519 		*(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000) = 0xFF;
520 
521 		/*
522 		 * if hardware reports an error writing, and not timeout -
523 		 * reset the chip and retry
524 		 */
525 		if (c1 & 0x10) {
526 			kick_open();
527 			/*
528 			 * reset err
529 			 */
530 			*(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000) = 0x50;
531 
532 			/*
533 			 * before timeout?
534 			 */
535 			if (time_before(jiffies, timeout)) {
536 				if (flashdebug)
537 					printk(KERN_DEBUG "write_block: Retrying write at 0x%X)n",
538 					       pWritePtr - FLASH_BASE);
539 
540 				/*
541 				 * wait couple ms
542 				 */
543 				msleep(10);
544 
545 				goto WriteRetry;
546 			} else {
547 				printk(KERN_ERR "write_block: timeout at 0x%X\n",
548 				       pWritePtr - FLASH_BASE);
549 				/*
550 				 * return error -2
551 				 */
552 				return -2;
553 
554 			}
555 		}
556 	}
557 
558 	msleep(10);
559 
560 	pWritePtr = (unsigned char *) ((unsigned int) (FLASH_BASE + p));
561 
562 	for (offset = 0; offset < count; offset++) {
563 		char c, c1;
564 		if (__get_user(c, buf))
565 			return -EFAULT;
566 		buf++;
567 		if ((c1 = *pWritePtr++) != c) {
568 			printk(KERN_ERR "write_block: verify error at 0x%X (%02X!=%02X)\n",
569 			       pWritePtr - FLASH_BASE, c1, c);
570 			return 0;
571 		}
572 	}
573 
574 	return count;
575 }
576 
577 
578 static void kick_open(void)
579 {
580 	unsigned long flags;
581 
582 	/*
583 	 * we want to write a bit pattern XXX1 to Xilinx to enable
584 	 * the write gate, which will be open for about the next 2ms.
585 	 */
586 	raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&nw_gpio_lock, flags);
587 	nw_cpld_modify(CPLD_FLASH_WR_ENABLE, CPLD_FLASH_WR_ENABLE);
588 	raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&nw_gpio_lock, flags);
589 
590 	/*
591 	 * let the ISA bus to catch on...
592 	 */
593 	udelay(25);
594 }
595 
596 static const struct file_operations flash_fops =
597 {
598 	.owner		= THIS_MODULE,
599 	.llseek		= flash_llseek,
600 	.read		= flash_read,
601 	.write		= flash_write,
602 	.unlocked_ioctl	= flash_ioctl,
603 };
604 
605 static struct miscdevice flash_miscdev =
606 {
607 	FLASH_MINOR,
608 	"nwflash",
609 	&flash_fops
610 };
611 
612 static int __init nwflash_init(void)
613 {
614 	int ret = -ENODEV;
615 
616 	if (machine_is_netwinder()) {
617 		int id;
618 
619 		FLASH_BASE = ioremap(DC21285_FLASH, KFLASH_SIZE4);
620 		if (!FLASH_BASE)
621 			goto out;
622 
623 		id = get_flash_id();
624 		if ((id != KFLASH_ID) && (id != KFLASH_ID4)) {
625 			ret = -ENXIO;
626 			iounmap((void *)FLASH_BASE);
627 			printk("Flash: incorrect ID 0x%04X.\n", id);
628 			goto out;
629 		}
630 
631 		printk("Flash ROM driver v.%s, flash device ID 0x%04X, size %d Mb.\n",
632 		       NWFLASH_VERSION, id, gbFlashSize / (1024 * 1024));
633 
634 		ret = misc_register(&flash_miscdev);
635 		if (ret < 0) {
636 			iounmap((void *)FLASH_BASE);
637 		}
638 	}
639 out:
640 	return ret;
641 }
642 
643 static void __exit nwflash_exit(void)
644 {
645 	misc_deregister(&flash_miscdev);
646 	iounmap((void *)FLASH_BASE);
647 }
648 
649 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
650 
651 module_param(flashdebug, bool, 0644);
652 
653 module_init(nwflash_init);
654 module_exit(nwflash_exit);
655