xref: /linux/drivers/char/mem.c (revision f3d9478b2ce468c3115b02ecae7e975990697f15)
1 /*
2  *  linux/drivers/char/mem.c
3  *
4  *  Copyright (C) 1991, 1992  Linus Torvalds
5  *
6  *  Added devfs support.
7  *    Jan-11-1998, C. Scott Ananian <cananian@alumni.princeton.edu>
8  *  Shared /dev/zero mmaping support, Feb 2000, Kanoj Sarcar <kanoj@sgi.com>
9  */
10 
11 #include <linux/config.h>
12 #include <linux/mm.h>
13 #include <linux/miscdevice.h>
14 #include <linux/slab.h>
15 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
16 #include <linux/mman.h>
17 #include <linux/random.h>
18 #include <linux/init.h>
19 #include <linux/raw.h>
20 #include <linux/tty.h>
21 #include <linux/capability.h>
22 #include <linux/smp_lock.h>
23 #include <linux/devfs_fs_kernel.h>
24 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
25 #include <linux/device.h>
26 #include <linux/highmem.h>
27 #include <linux/crash_dump.h>
28 #include <linux/backing-dev.h>
29 #include <linux/bootmem.h>
30 #include <linux/pipe_fs_i.h>
31 
32 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
33 #include <asm/io.h>
34 
35 #ifdef CONFIG_IA64
36 # include <linux/efi.h>
37 #endif
38 
39 /*
40  * Architectures vary in how they handle caching for addresses
41  * outside of main memory.
42  *
43  */
44 static inline int uncached_access(struct file *file, unsigned long addr)
45 {
46 #if defined(__i386__)
47 	/*
48 	 * On the PPro and successors, the MTRRs are used to set
49 	 * memory types for physical addresses outside main memory,
50 	 * so blindly setting PCD or PWT on those pages is wrong.
51 	 * For Pentiums and earlier, the surround logic should disable
52 	 * caching for the high addresses through the KEN pin, but
53 	 * we maintain the tradition of paranoia in this code.
54 	 */
55 	if (file->f_flags & O_SYNC)
56 		return 1;
57  	return !( test_bit(X86_FEATURE_MTRR, boot_cpu_data.x86_capability) ||
58 		  test_bit(X86_FEATURE_K6_MTRR, boot_cpu_data.x86_capability) ||
59 		  test_bit(X86_FEATURE_CYRIX_ARR, boot_cpu_data.x86_capability) ||
60 		  test_bit(X86_FEATURE_CENTAUR_MCR, boot_cpu_data.x86_capability) )
61 	  && addr >= __pa(high_memory);
62 #elif defined(__x86_64__)
63 	/*
64 	 * This is broken because it can generate memory type aliases,
65 	 * which can cause cache corruptions
66 	 * But it is only available for root and we have to be bug-to-bug
67 	 * compatible with i386.
68 	 */
69 	if (file->f_flags & O_SYNC)
70 		return 1;
71 	/* same behaviour as i386. PAT always set to cached and MTRRs control the
72 	   caching behaviour.
73 	   Hopefully a full PAT implementation will fix that soon. */
74 	return 0;
75 #elif defined(CONFIG_IA64)
76 	/*
77 	 * On ia64, we ignore O_SYNC because we cannot tolerate memory attribute aliases.
78 	 */
79 	return !(efi_mem_attributes(addr) & EFI_MEMORY_WB);
80 #else
81 	/*
82 	 * Accessing memory above the top the kernel knows about or through a file pointer
83 	 * that was marked O_SYNC will be done non-cached.
84 	 */
85 	if (file->f_flags & O_SYNC)
86 		return 1;
87 	return addr >= __pa(high_memory);
88 #endif
89 }
90 
91 #ifndef ARCH_HAS_VALID_PHYS_ADDR_RANGE
92 static inline int valid_phys_addr_range(unsigned long addr, size_t count)
93 {
94 	if (addr + count > __pa(high_memory))
95 		return 0;
96 
97 	return 1;
98 }
99 
100 static inline int valid_mmap_phys_addr_range(unsigned long addr, size_t size)
101 {
102 	return 1;
103 }
104 #endif
105 
106 /*
107  * This funcion reads the *physical* memory. The f_pos points directly to the
108  * memory location.
109  */
110 static ssize_t read_mem(struct file * file, char __user * buf,
111 			size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
112 {
113 	unsigned long p = *ppos;
114 	ssize_t read, sz;
115 	char *ptr;
116 
117 	if (!valid_phys_addr_range(p, count))
118 		return -EFAULT;
119 	read = 0;
120 #ifdef __ARCH_HAS_NO_PAGE_ZERO_MAPPED
121 	/* we don't have page 0 mapped on sparc and m68k.. */
122 	if (p < PAGE_SIZE) {
123 		sz = PAGE_SIZE - p;
124 		if (sz > count)
125 			sz = count;
126 		if (sz > 0) {
127 			if (clear_user(buf, sz))
128 				return -EFAULT;
129 			buf += sz;
130 			p += sz;
131 			count -= sz;
132 			read += sz;
133 		}
134 	}
135 #endif
136 
137 	while (count > 0) {
138 		/*
139 		 * Handle first page in case it's not aligned
140 		 */
141 		if (-p & (PAGE_SIZE - 1))
142 			sz = -p & (PAGE_SIZE - 1);
143 		else
144 			sz = PAGE_SIZE;
145 
146 		sz = min_t(unsigned long, sz, count);
147 
148 		/*
149 		 * On ia64 if a page has been mapped somewhere as
150 		 * uncached, then it must also be accessed uncached
151 		 * by the kernel or data corruption may occur
152 		 */
153 		ptr = xlate_dev_mem_ptr(p);
154 
155 		if (copy_to_user(buf, ptr, sz))
156 			return -EFAULT;
157 		buf += sz;
158 		p += sz;
159 		count -= sz;
160 		read += sz;
161 	}
162 
163 	*ppos += read;
164 	return read;
165 }
166 
167 static ssize_t write_mem(struct file * file, const char __user * buf,
168 			 size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
169 {
170 	unsigned long p = *ppos;
171 	ssize_t written, sz;
172 	unsigned long copied;
173 	void *ptr;
174 
175 	if (!valid_phys_addr_range(p, count))
176 		return -EFAULT;
177 
178 	written = 0;
179 
180 #ifdef __ARCH_HAS_NO_PAGE_ZERO_MAPPED
181 	/* we don't have page 0 mapped on sparc and m68k.. */
182 	if (p < PAGE_SIZE) {
183 		unsigned long sz = PAGE_SIZE - p;
184 		if (sz > count)
185 			sz = count;
186 		/* Hmm. Do something? */
187 		buf += sz;
188 		p += sz;
189 		count -= sz;
190 		written += sz;
191 	}
192 #endif
193 
194 	while (count > 0) {
195 		/*
196 		 * Handle first page in case it's not aligned
197 		 */
198 		if (-p & (PAGE_SIZE - 1))
199 			sz = -p & (PAGE_SIZE - 1);
200 		else
201 			sz = PAGE_SIZE;
202 
203 		sz = min_t(unsigned long, sz, count);
204 
205 		/*
206 		 * On ia64 if a page has been mapped somewhere as
207 		 * uncached, then it must also be accessed uncached
208 		 * by the kernel or data corruption may occur
209 		 */
210 		ptr = xlate_dev_mem_ptr(p);
211 
212 		copied = copy_from_user(ptr, buf, sz);
213 		if (copied) {
214 			written += sz - copied;
215 			if (written)
216 				break;
217 			return -EFAULT;
218 		}
219 		buf += sz;
220 		p += sz;
221 		count -= sz;
222 		written += sz;
223 	}
224 
225 	*ppos += written;
226 	return written;
227 }
228 
229 #ifndef __HAVE_PHYS_MEM_ACCESS_PROT
230 static pgprot_t phys_mem_access_prot(struct file *file, unsigned long pfn,
231 				     unsigned long size, pgprot_t vma_prot)
232 {
233 #ifdef pgprot_noncached
234 	unsigned long offset = pfn << PAGE_SHIFT;
235 
236 	if (uncached_access(file, offset))
237 		return pgprot_noncached(vma_prot);
238 #endif
239 	return vma_prot;
240 }
241 #endif
242 
243 static int mmap_mem(struct file * file, struct vm_area_struct * vma)
244 {
245 	size_t size = vma->vm_end - vma->vm_start;
246 
247 	if (!valid_mmap_phys_addr_range(vma->vm_pgoff << PAGE_SHIFT, size))
248 		return -EINVAL;
249 
250 	vma->vm_page_prot = phys_mem_access_prot(file, vma->vm_pgoff,
251 						 size,
252 						 vma->vm_page_prot);
253 
254 	/* Remap-pfn-range will mark the range VM_IO and VM_RESERVED */
255 	if (remap_pfn_range(vma,
256 			    vma->vm_start,
257 			    vma->vm_pgoff,
258 			    size,
259 			    vma->vm_page_prot))
260 		return -EAGAIN;
261 	return 0;
262 }
263 
264 static int mmap_kmem(struct file * file, struct vm_area_struct * vma)
265 {
266 	unsigned long pfn;
267 
268 	/* Turn a kernel-virtual address into a physical page frame */
269 	pfn = __pa((u64)vma->vm_pgoff << PAGE_SHIFT) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
270 
271 	/*
272 	 * RED-PEN: on some architectures there is more mapped memory
273 	 * than available in mem_map which pfn_valid checks
274 	 * for. Perhaps should add a new macro here.
275 	 *
276 	 * RED-PEN: vmalloc is not supported right now.
277 	 */
278 	if (!pfn_valid(pfn))
279 		return -EIO;
280 
281 	vma->vm_pgoff = pfn;
282 	return mmap_mem(file, vma);
283 }
284 
285 #ifdef CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP
286 /*
287  * Read memory corresponding to the old kernel.
288  */
289 static ssize_t read_oldmem(struct file *file, char __user *buf,
290 				size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
291 {
292 	unsigned long pfn, offset;
293 	size_t read = 0, csize;
294 	int rc = 0;
295 
296 	while (count) {
297 		pfn = *ppos / PAGE_SIZE;
298 		if (pfn > saved_max_pfn)
299 			return read;
300 
301 		offset = (unsigned long)(*ppos % PAGE_SIZE);
302 		if (count > PAGE_SIZE - offset)
303 			csize = PAGE_SIZE - offset;
304 		else
305 			csize = count;
306 
307 		rc = copy_oldmem_page(pfn, buf, csize, offset, 1);
308 		if (rc < 0)
309 			return rc;
310 		buf += csize;
311 		*ppos += csize;
312 		read += csize;
313 		count -= csize;
314 	}
315 	return read;
316 }
317 #endif
318 
319 extern long vread(char *buf, char *addr, unsigned long count);
320 extern long vwrite(char *buf, char *addr, unsigned long count);
321 
322 /*
323  * This function reads the *virtual* memory as seen by the kernel.
324  */
325 static ssize_t read_kmem(struct file *file, char __user *buf,
326 			 size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
327 {
328 	unsigned long p = *ppos;
329 	ssize_t low_count, read, sz;
330 	char * kbuf; /* k-addr because vread() takes vmlist_lock rwlock */
331 
332 	read = 0;
333 	if (p < (unsigned long) high_memory) {
334 		low_count = count;
335 		if (count > (unsigned long) high_memory - p)
336 			low_count = (unsigned long) high_memory - p;
337 
338 #ifdef __ARCH_HAS_NO_PAGE_ZERO_MAPPED
339 		/* we don't have page 0 mapped on sparc and m68k.. */
340 		if (p < PAGE_SIZE && low_count > 0) {
341 			size_t tmp = PAGE_SIZE - p;
342 			if (tmp > low_count) tmp = low_count;
343 			if (clear_user(buf, tmp))
344 				return -EFAULT;
345 			buf += tmp;
346 			p += tmp;
347 			read += tmp;
348 			low_count -= tmp;
349 			count -= tmp;
350 		}
351 #endif
352 		while (low_count > 0) {
353 			/*
354 			 * Handle first page in case it's not aligned
355 			 */
356 			if (-p & (PAGE_SIZE - 1))
357 				sz = -p & (PAGE_SIZE - 1);
358 			else
359 				sz = PAGE_SIZE;
360 
361 			sz = min_t(unsigned long, sz, low_count);
362 
363 			/*
364 			 * On ia64 if a page has been mapped somewhere as
365 			 * uncached, then it must also be accessed uncached
366 			 * by the kernel or data corruption may occur
367 			 */
368 			kbuf = xlate_dev_kmem_ptr((char *)p);
369 
370 			if (copy_to_user(buf, kbuf, sz))
371 				return -EFAULT;
372 			buf += sz;
373 			p += sz;
374 			read += sz;
375 			low_count -= sz;
376 			count -= sz;
377 		}
378 	}
379 
380 	if (count > 0) {
381 		kbuf = (char *)__get_free_page(GFP_KERNEL);
382 		if (!kbuf)
383 			return -ENOMEM;
384 		while (count > 0) {
385 			int len = count;
386 
387 			if (len > PAGE_SIZE)
388 				len = PAGE_SIZE;
389 			len = vread(kbuf, (char *)p, len);
390 			if (!len)
391 				break;
392 			if (copy_to_user(buf, kbuf, len)) {
393 				free_page((unsigned long)kbuf);
394 				return -EFAULT;
395 			}
396 			count -= len;
397 			buf += len;
398 			read += len;
399 			p += len;
400 		}
401 		free_page((unsigned long)kbuf);
402 	}
403  	*ppos = p;
404  	return read;
405 }
406 
407 
408 static inline ssize_t
409 do_write_kmem(void *p, unsigned long realp, const char __user * buf,
410 	      size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
411 {
412 	ssize_t written, sz;
413 	unsigned long copied;
414 
415 	written = 0;
416 #ifdef __ARCH_HAS_NO_PAGE_ZERO_MAPPED
417 	/* we don't have page 0 mapped on sparc and m68k.. */
418 	if (realp < PAGE_SIZE) {
419 		unsigned long sz = PAGE_SIZE - realp;
420 		if (sz > count)
421 			sz = count;
422 		/* Hmm. Do something? */
423 		buf += sz;
424 		p += sz;
425 		realp += sz;
426 		count -= sz;
427 		written += sz;
428 	}
429 #endif
430 
431 	while (count > 0) {
432 		char *ptr;
433 		/*
434 		 * Handle first page in case it's not aligned
435 		 */
436 		if (-realp & (PAGE_SIZE - 1))
437 			sz = -realp & (PAGE_SIZE - 1);
438 		else
439 			sz = PAGE_SIZE;
440 
441 		sz = min_t(unsigned long, sz, count);
442 
443 		/*
444 		 * On ia64 if a page has been mapped somewhere as
445 		 * uncached, then it must also be accessed uncached
446 		 * by the kernel or data corruption may occur
447 		 */
448 		ptr = xlate_dev_kmem_ptr(p);
449 
450 		copied = copy_from_user(ptr, buf, sz);
451 		if (copied) {
452 			written += sz - copied;
453 			if (written)
454 				break;
455 			return -EFAULT;
456 		}
457 		buf += sz;
458 		p += sz;
459 		realp += sz;
460 		count -= sz;
461 		written += sz;
462 	}
463 
464 	*ppos += written;
465 	return written;
466 }
467 
468 
469 /*
470  * This function writes to the *virtual* memory as seen by the kernel.
471  */
472 static ssize_t write_kmem(struct file * file, const char __user * buf,
473 			  size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
474 {
475 	unsigned long p = *ppos;
476 	ssize_t wrote = 0;
477 	ssize_t virtr = 0;
478 	ssize_t written;
479 	char * kbuf; /* k-addr because vwrite() takes vmlist_lock rwlock */
480 
481 	if (p < (unsigned long) high_memory) {
482 
483 		wrote = count;
484 		if (count > (unsigned long) high_memory - p)
485 			wrote = (unsigned long) high_memory - p;
486 
487 		written = do_write_kmem((void*)p, p, buf, wrote, ppos);
488 		if (written != wrote)
489 			return written;
490 		wrote = written;
491 		p += wrote;
492 		buf += wrote;
493 		count -= wrote;
494 	}
495 
496 	if (count > 0) {
497 		kbuf = (char *)__get_free_page(GFP_KERNEL);
498 		if (!kbuf)
499 			return wrote ? wrote : -ENOMEM;
500 		while (count > 0) {
501 			int len = count;
502 
503 			if (len > PAGE_SIZE)
504 				len = PAGE_SIZE;
505 			if (len) {
506 				written = copy_from_user(kbuf, buf, len);
507 				if (written) {
508 					if (wrote + virtr)
509 						break;
510 					free_page((unsigned long)kbuf);
511 					return -EFAULT;
512 				}
513 			}
514 			len = vwrite(kbuf, (char *)p, len);
515 			count -= len;
516 			buf += len;
517 			virtr += len;
518 			p += len;
519 		}
520 		free_page((unsigned long)kbuf);
521 	}
522 
523  	*ppos = p;
524  	return virtr + wrote;
525 }
526 
527 #if defined(CONFIG_ISA) || !defined(__mc68000__)
528 static ssize_t read_port(struct file * file, char __user * buf,
529 			 size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
530 {
531 	unsigned long i = *ppos;
532 	char __user *tmp = buf;
533 
534 	if (!access_ok(VERIFY_WRITE, buf, count))
535 		return -EFAULT;
536 	while (count-- > 0 && i < 65536) {
537 		if (__put_user(inb(i),tmp) < 0)
538 			return -EFAULT;
539 		i++;
540 		tmp++;
541 	}
542 	*ppos = i;
543 	return tmp-buf;
544 }
545 
546 static ssize_t write_port(struct file * file, const char __user * buf,
547 			  size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
548 {
549 	unsigned long i = *ppos;
550 	const char __user * tmp = buf;
551 
552 	if (!access_ok(VERIFY_READ,buf,count))
553 		return -EFAULT;
554 	while (count-- > 0 && i < 65536) {
555 		char c;
556 		if (__get_user(c, tmp)) {
557 			if (tmp > buf)
558 				break;
559 			return -EFAULT;
560 		}
561 		outb(c,i);
562 		i++;
563 		tmp++;
564 	}
565 	*ppos = i;
566 	return tmp-buf;
567 }
568 #endif
569 
570 static ssize_t read_null(struct file * file, char __user * buf,
571 			 size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
572 {
573 	return 0;
574 }
575 
576 static ssize_t write_null(struct file * file, const char __user * buf,
577 			  size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
578 {
579 	return count;
580 }
581 
582 static int pipe_to_null(struct pipe_inode_info *info, struct pipe_buffer *buf,
583 			struct splice_desc *sd)
584 {
585 	return sd->len;
586 }
587 
588 static ssize_t splice_write_null(struct pipe_inode_info *pipe,struct file *out,
589 				 loff_t *ppos, size_t len, unsigned int flags)
590 {
591 	return splice_from_pipe(pipe, out, ppos, len, flags, pipe_to_null);
592 }
593 
594 #ifdef CONFIG_MMU
595 /*
596  * For fun, we are using the MMU for this.
597  */
598 static inline size_t read_zero_pagealigned(char __user * buf, size_t size)
599 {
600 	struct mm_struct *mm;
601 	struct vm_area_struct * vma;
602 	unsigned long addr=(unsigned long)buf;
603 
604 	mm = current->mm;
605 	/* Oops, this was forgotten before. -ben */
606 	down_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
607 
608 	/* For private mappings, just map in zero pages. */
609 	for (vma = find_vma(mm, addr); vma; vma = vma->vm_next) {
610 		unsigned long count;
611 
612 		if (vma->vm_start > addr || (vma->vm_flags & VM_WRITE) == 0)
613 			goto out_up;
614 		if (vma->vm_flags & (VM_SHARED | VM_HUGETLB))
615 			break;
616 		count = vma->vm_end - addr;
617 		if (count > size)
618 			count = size;
619 
620 		zap_page_range(vma, addr, count, NULL);
621         	zeromap_page_range(vma, addr, count, PAGE_COPY);
622 
623 		size -= count;
624 		buf += count;
625 		addr += count;
626 		if (size == 0)
627 			goto out_up;
628 	}
629 
630 	up_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
631 
632 	/* The shared case is hard. Let's do the conventional zeroing. */
633 	do {
634 		unsigned long unwritten = clear_user(buf, PAGE_SIZE);
635 		if (unwritten)
636 			return size + unwritten - PAGE_SIZE;
637 		cond_resched();
638 		buf += PAGE_SIZE;
639 		size -= PAGE_SIZE;
640 	} while (size);
641 
642 	return size;
643 out_up:
644 	up_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
645 	return size;
646 }
647 
648 static ssize_t read_zero(struct file * file, char __user * buf,
649 			 size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
650 {
651 	unsigned long left, unwritten, written = 0;
652 
653 	if (!count)
654 		return 0;
655 
656 	if (!access_ok(VERIFY_WRITE, buf, count))
657 		return -EFAULT;
658 
659 	left = count;
660 
661 	/* do we want to be clever? Arbitrary cut-off */
662 	if (count >= PAGE_SIZE*4) {
663 		unsigned long partial;
664 
665 		/* How much left of the page? */
666 		partial = (PAGE_SIZE-1) & -(unsigned long) buf;
667 		unwritten = clear_user(buf, partial);
668 		written = partial - unwritten;
669 		if (unwritten)
670 			goto out;
671 		left -= partial;
672 		buf += partial;
673 		unwritten = read_zero_pagealigned(buf, left & PAGE_MASK);
674 		written += (left & PAGE_MASK) - unwritten;
675 		if (unwritten)
676 			goto out;
677 		buf += left & PAGE_MASK;
678 		left &= ~PAGE_MASK;
679 	}
680 	unwritten = clear_user(buf, left);
681 	written += left - unwritten;
682 out:
683 	return written ? written : -EFAULT;
684 }
685 
686 static int mmap_zero(struct file * file, struct vm_area_struct * vma)
687 {
688 	if (vma->vm_flags & VM_SHARED)
689 		return shmem_zero_setup(vma);
690 	if (zeromap_page_range(vma, vma->vm_start, vma->vm_end - vma->vm_start, vma->vm_page_prot))
691 		return -EAGAIN;
692 	return 0;
693 }
694 #else /* CONFIG_MMU */
695 static ssize_t read_zero(struct file * file, char * buf,
696 			 size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
697 {
698 	size_t todo = count;
699 
700 	while (todo) {
701 		size_t chunk = todo;
702 
703 		if (chunk > 4096)
704 			chunk = 4096;	/* Just for latency reasons */
705 		if (clear_user(buf, chunk))
706 			return -EFAULT;
707 		buf += chunk;
708 		todo -= chunk;
709 		cond_resched();
710 	}
711 	return count;
712 }
713 
714 static int mmap_zero(struct file * file, struct vm_area_struct * vma)
715 {
716 	return -ENOSYS;
717 }
718 #endif /* CONFIG_MMU */
719 
720 static ssize_t write_full(struct file * file, const char __user * buf,
721 			  size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
722 {
723 	return -ENOSPC;
724 }
725 
726 /*
727  * Special lseek() function for /dev/null and /dev/zero.  Most notably, you
728  * can fopen() both devices with "a" now.  This was previously impossible.
729  * -- SRB.
730  */
731 
732 static loff_t null_lseek(struct file * file, loff_t offset, int orig)
733 {
734 	return file->f_pos = 0;
735 }
736 
737 /*
738  * The memory devices use the full 32/64 bits of the offset, and so we cannot
739  * check against negative addresses: they are ok. The return value is weird,
740  * though, in that case (0).
741  *
742  * also note that seeking relative to the "end of file" isn't supported:
743  * it has no meaning, so it returns -EINVAL.
744  */
745 static loff_t memory_lseek(struct file * file, loff_t offset, int orig)
746 {
747 	loff_t ret;
748 
749 	mutex_lock(&file->f_dentry->d_inode->i_mutex);
750 	switch (orig) {
751 		case 0:
752 			file->f_pos = offset;
753 			ret = file->f_pos;
754 			force_successful_syscall_return();
755 			break;
756 		case 1:
757 			file->f_pos += offset;
758 			ret = file->f_pos;
759 			force_successful_syscall_return();
760 			break;
761 		default:
762 			ret = -EINVAL;
763 	}
764 	mutex_unlock(&file->f_dentry->d_inode->i_mutex);
765 	return ret;
766 }
767 
768 static int open_port(struct inode * inode, struct file * filp)
769 {
770 	return capable(CAP_SYS_RAWIO) ? 0 : -EPERM;
771 }
772 
773 #define zero_lseek	null_lseek
774 #define full_lseek      null_lseek
775 #define write_zero	write_null
776 #define read_full       read_zero
777 #define open_mem	open_port
778 #define open_kmem	open_mem
779 #define open_oldmem	open_mem
780 
781 static struct file_operations mem_fops = {
782 	.llseek		= memory_lseek,
783 	.read		= read_mem,
784 	.write		= write_mem,
785 	.mmap		= mmap_mem,
786 	.open		= open_mem,
787 };
788 
789 static struct file_operations kmem_fops = {
790 	.llseek		= memory_lseek,
791 	.read		= read_kmem,
792 	.write		= write_kmem,
793 	.mmap		= mmap_kmem,
794 	.open		= open_kmem,
795 };
796 
797 static struct file_operations null_fops = {
798 	.llseek		= null_lseek,
799 	.read		= read_null,
800 	.write		= write_null,
801 	.splice_write	= splice_write_null,
802 };
803 
804 #if defined(CONFIG_ISA) || !defined(__mc68000__)
805 static struct file_operations port_fops = {
806 	.llseek		= memory_lseek,
807 	.read		= read_port,
808 	.write		= write_port,
809 	.open		= open_port,
810 };
811 #endif
812 
813 static struct file_operations zero_fops = {
814 	.llseek		= zero_lseek,
815 	.read		= read_zero,
816 	.write		= write_zero,
817 	.mmap		= mmap_zero,
818 };
819 
820 static struct backing_dev_info zero_bdi = {
821 	.capabilities	= BDI_CAP_MAP_COPY,
822 };
823 
824 static struct file_operations full_fops = {
825 	.llseek		= full_lseek,
826 	.read		= read_full,
827 	.write		= write_full,
828 };
829 
830 #ifdef CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP
831 static struct file_operations oldmem_fops = {
832 	.read	= read_oldmem,
833 	.open	= open_oldmem,
834 };
835 #endif
836 
837 static ssize_t kmsg_write(struct file * file, const char __user * buf,
838 			  size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
839 {
840 	char *tmp;
841 	ssize_t ret;
842 
843 	tmp = kmalloc(count + 1, GFP_KERNEL);
844 	if (tmp == NULL)
845 		return -ENOMEM;
846 	ret = -EFAULT;
847 	if (!copy_from_user(tmp, buf, count)) {
848 		tmp[count] = 0;
849 		ret = printk("%s", tmp);
850 		if (ret > count)
851 			/* printk can add a prefix */
852 			ret = count;
853 	}
854 	kfree(tmp);
855 	return ret;
856 }
857 
858 static struct file_operations kmsg_fops = {
859 	.write =	kmsg_write,
860 };
861 
862 static int memory_open(struct inode * inode, struct file * filp)
863 {
864 	switch (iminor(inode)) {
865 		case 1:
866 			filp->f_op = &mem_fops;
867 			break;
868 		case 2:
869 			filp->f_op = &kmem_fops;
870 			break;
871 		case 3:
872 			filp->f_op = &null_fops;
873 			break;
874 #if defined(CONFIG_ISA) || !defined(__mc68000__)
875 		case 4:
876 			filp->f_op = &port_fops;
877 			break;
878 #endif
879 		case 5:
880 			filp->f_mapping->backing_dev_info = &zero_bdi;
881 			filp->f_op = &zero_fops;
882 			break;
883 		case 7:
884 			filp->f_op = &full_fops;
885 			break;
886 		case 8:
887 			filp->f_op = &random_fops;
888 			break;
889 		case 9:
890 			filp->f_op = &urandom_fops;
891 			break;
892 		case 11:
893 			filp->f_op = &kmsg_fops;
894 			break;
895 #ifdef CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP
896 		case 12:
897 			filp->f_op = &oldmem_fops;
898 			break;
899 #endif
900 		default:
901 			return -ENXIO;
902 	}
903 	if (filp->f_op && filp->f_op->open)
904 		return filp->f_op->open(inode,filp);
905 	return 0;
906 }
907 
908 static struct file_operations memory_fops = {
909 	.open		= memory_open,	/* just a selector for the real open */
910 };
911 
912 static const struct {
913 	unsigned int		minor;
914 	char			*name;
915 	umode_t			mode;
916 	const struct file_operations	*fops;
917 } devlist[] = { /* list of minor devices */
918 	{1, "mem",     S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR | S_IRGRP, &mem_fops},
919 	{2, "kmem",    S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR | S_IRGRP, &kmem_fops},
920 	{3, "null",    S_IRUGO | S_IWUGO,           &null_fops},
921 #if defined(CONFIG_ISA) || !defined(__mc68000__)
922 	{4, "port",    S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR | S_IRGRP, &port_fops},
923 #endif
924 	{5, "zero",    S_IRUGO | S_IWUGO,           &zero_fops},
925 	{7, "full",    S_IRUGO | S_IWUGO,           &full_fops},
926 	{8, "random",  S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR,           &random_fops},
927 	{9, "urandom", S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR,           &urandom_fops},
928 	{11,"kmsg",    S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR,           &kmsg_fops},
929 #ifdef CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP
930 	{12,"oldmem",    S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR | S_IRGRP, &oldmem_fops},
931 #endif
932 };
933 
934 static struct class *mem_class;
935 
936 static int __init chr_dev_init(void)
937 {
938 	int i;
939 
940 	if (register_chrdev(MEM_MAJOR,"mem",&memory_fops))
941 		printk("unable to get major %d for memory devs\n", MEM_MAJOR);
942 
943 	mem_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "mem");
944 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(devlist); i++) {
945 		class_device_create(mem_class, NULL,
946 					MKDEV(MEM_MAJOR, devlist[i].minor),
947 					NULL, devlist[i].name);
948 		devfs_mk_cdev(MKDEV(MEM_MAJOR, devlist[i].minor),
949 				S_IFCHR | devlist[i].mode, devlist[i].name);
950 	}
951 
952 	return 0;
953 }
954 
955 fs_initcall(chr_dev_init);
956