xref: /linux/drivers/char/mem.c (revision f3a8b6645dc2e60d11f20c1c23afd964ff4e55ae)
1 /*
2  *  linux/drivers/char/mem.c
3  *
4  *  Copyright (C) 1991, 1992  Linus Torvalds
5  *
6  *  Added devfs support.
7  *    Jan-11-1998, C. Scott Ananian <cananian@alumni.princeton.edu>
8  *  Shared /dev/zero mmapping support, Feb 2000, Kanoj Sarcar <kanoj@sgi.com>
9  */
10 
11 #include <linux/mm.h>
12 #include <linux/miscdevice.h>
13 #include <linux/slab.h>
14 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
15 #include <linux/mman.h>
16 #include <linux/random.h>
17 #include <linux/init.h>
18 #include <linux/raw.h>
19 #include <linux/tty.h>
20 #include <linux/capability.h>
21 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
22 #include <linux/device.h>
23 #include <linux/highmem.h>
24 #include <linux/backing-dev.h>
25 #include <linux/shmem_fs.h>
26 #include <linux/splice.h>
27 #include <linux/pfn.h>
28 #include <linux/export.h>
29 #include <linux/io.h>
30 #include <linux/uio.h>
31 
32 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
33 
34 #ifdef CONFIG_IA64
35 # include <linux/efi.h>
36 #endif
37 
38 #define DEVPORT_MINOR	4
39 
40 static inline unsigned long size_inside_page(unsigned long start,
41 					     unsigned long size)
42 {
43 	unsigned long sz;
44 
45 	sz = PAGE_SIZE - (start & (PAGE_SIZE - 1));
46 
47 	return min(sz, size);
48 }
49 
50 #ifndef ARCH_HAS_VALID_PHYS_ADDR_RANGE
51 static inline int valid_phys_addr_range(phys_addr_t addr, size_t count)
52 {
53 	return addr + count <= __pa(high_memory);
54 }
55 
56 static inline int valid_mmap_phys_addr_range(unsigned long pfn, size_t size)
57 {
58 	return 1;
59 }
60 #endif
61 
62 #ifdef CONFIG_STRICT_DEVMEM
63 static inline int range_is_allowed(unsigned long pfn, unsigned long size)
64 {
65 	u64 from = ((u64)pfn) << PAGE_SHIFT;
66 	u64 to = from + size;
67 	u64 cursor = from;
68 
69 	while (cursor < to) {
70 		if (!devmem_is_allowed(pfn))
71 			return 0;
72 		cursor += PAGE_SIZE;
73 		pfn++;
74 	}
75 	return 1;
76 }
77 #else
78 static inline int range_is_allowed(unsigned long pfn, unsigned long size)
79 {
80 	return 1;
81 }
82 #endif
83 
84 #ifndef unxlate_dev_mem_ptr
85 #define unxlate_dev_mem_ptr unxlate_dev_mem_ptr
86 void __weak unxlate_dev_mem_ptr(phys_addr_t phys, void *addr)
87 {
88 }
89 #endif
90 
91 /*
92  * This funcion reads the *physical* memory. The f_pos points directly to the
93  * memory location.
94  */
95 static ssize_t read_mem(struct file *file, char __user *buf,
96 			size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
97 {
98 	phys_addr_t p = *ppos;
99 	ssize_t read, sz;
100 	void *ptr;
101 
102 	if (p != *ppos)
103 		return 0;
104 
105 	if (!valid_phys_addr_range(p, count))
106 		return -EFAULT;
107 	read = 0;
108 #ifdef __ARCH_HAS_NO_PAGE_ZERO_MAPPED
109 	/* we don't have page 0 mapped on sparc and m68k.. */
110 	if (p < PAGE_SIZE) {
111 		sz = size_inside_page(p, count);
112 		if (sz > 0) {
113 			if (clear_user(buf, sz))
114 				return -EFAULT;
115 			buf += sz;
116 			p += sz;
117 			count -= sz;
118 			read += sz;
119 		}
120 	}
121 #endif
122 
123 	while (count > 0) {
124 		unsigned long remaining;
125 
126 		sz = size_inside_page(p, count);
127 
128 		if (!range_is_allowed(p >> PAGE_SHIFT, count))
129 			return -EPERM;
130 
131 		/*
132 		 * On ia64 if a page has been mapped somewhere as uncached, then
133 		 * it must also be accessed uncached by the kernel or data
134 		 * corruption may occur.
135 		 */
136 		ptr = xlate_dev_mem_ptr(p);
137 		if (!ptr)
138 			return -EFAULT;
139 
140 		remaining = copy_to_user(buf, ptr, sz);
141 		unxlate_dev_mem_ptr(p, ptr);
142 		if (remaining)
143 			return -EFAULT;
144 
145 		buf += sz;
146 		p += sz;
147 		count -= sz;
148 		read += sz;
149 	}
150 
151 	*ppos += read;
152 	return read;
153 }
154 
155 static ssize_t write_mem(struct file *file, const char __user *buf,
156 			 size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
157 {
158 	phys_addr_t p = *ppos;
159 	ssize_t written, sz;
160 	unsigned long copied;
161 	void *ptr;
162 
163 	if (p != *ppos)
164 		return -EFBIG;
165 
166 	if (!valid_phys_addr_range(p, count))
167 		return -EFAULT;
168 
169 	written = 0;
170 
171 #ifdef __ARCH_HAS_NO_PAGE_ZERO_MAPPED
172 	/* we don't have page 0 mapped on sparc and m68k.. */
173 	if (p < PAGE_SIZE) {
174 		sz = size_inside_page(p, count);
175 		/* Hmm. Do something? */
176 		buf += sz;
177 		p += sz;
178 		count -= sz;
179 		written += sz;
180 	}
181 #endif
182 
183 	while (count > 0) {
184 		sz = size_inside_page(p, count);
185 
186 		if (!range_is_allowed(p >> PAGE_SHIFT, sz))
187 			return -EPERM;
188 
189 		/*
190 		 * On ia64 if a page has been mapped somewhere as uncached, then
191 		 * it must also be accessed uncached by the kernel or data
192 		 * corruption may occur.
193 		 */
194 		ptr = xlate_dev_mem_ptr(p);
195 		if (!ptr) {
196 			if (written)
197 				break;
198 			return -EFAULT;
199 		}
200 
201 		copied = copy_from_user(ptr, buf, sz);
202 		unxlate_dev_mem_ptr(p, ptr);
203 		if (copied) {
204 			written += sz - copied;
205 			if (written)
206 				break;
207 			return -EFAULT;
208 		}
209 
210 		buf += sz;
211 		p += sz;
212 		count -= sz;
213 		written += sz;
214 	}
215 
216 	*ppos += written;
217 	return written;
218 }
219 
220 int __weak phys_mem_access_prot_allowed(struct file *file,
221 	unsigned long pfn, unsigned long size, pgprot_t *vma_prot)
222 {
223 	return 1;
224 }
225 
226 #ifndef __HAVE_PHYS_MEM_ACCESS_PROT
227 
228 /*
229  * Architectures vary in how they handle caching for addresses
230  * outside of main memory.
231  *
232  */
233 #ifdef pgprot_noncached
234 static int uncached_access(struct file *file, phys_addr_t addr)
235 {
236 #if defined(CONFIG_IA64)
237 	/*
238 	 * On ia64, we ignore O_DSYNC because we cannot tolerate memory
239 	 * attribute aliases.
240 	 */
241 	return !(efi_mem_attributes(addr) & EFI_MEMORY_WB);
242 #elif defined(CONFIG_MIPS)
243 	{
244 		extern int __uncached_access(struct file *file,
245 					     unsigned long addr);
246 
247 		return __uncached_access(file, addr);
248 	}
249 #else
250 	/*
251 	 * Accessing memory above the top the kernel knows about or through a
252 	 * file pointer
253 	 * that was marked O_DSYNC will be done non-cached.
254 	 */
255 	if (file->f_flags & O_DSYNC)
256 		return 1;
257 	return addr >= __pa(high_memory);
258 #endif
259 }
260 #endif
261 
262 static pgprot_t phys_mem_access_prot(struct file *file, unsigned long pfn,
263 				     unsigned long size, pgprot_t vma_prot)
264 {
265 #ifdef pgprot_noncached
266 	phys_addr_t offset = pfn << PAGE_SHIFT;
267 
268 	if (uncached_access(file, offset))
269 		return pgprot_noncached(vma_prot);
270 #endif
271 	return vma_prot;
272 }
273 #endif
274 
275 #ifndef CONFIG_MMU
276 static unsigned long get_unmapped_area_mem(struct file *file,
277 					   unsigned long addr,
278 					   unsigned long len,
279 					   unsigned long pgoff,
280 					   unsigned long flags)
281 {
282 	if (!valid_mmap_phys_addr_range(pgoff, len))
283 		return (unsigned long) -EINVAL;
284 	return pgoff << PAGE_SHIFT;
285 }
286 
287 /* permit direct mmap, for read, write or exec */
288 static unsigned memory_mmap_capabilities(struct file *file)
289 {
290 	return NOMMU_MAP_DIRECT |
291 		NOMMU_MAP_READ | NOMMU_MAP_WRITE | NOMMU_MAP_EXEC;
292 }
293 
294 static unsigned zero_mmap_capabilities(struct file *file)
295 {
296 	return NOMMU_MAP_COPY;
297 }
298 
299 /* can't do an in-place private mapping if there's no MMU */
300 static inline int private_mapping_ok(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
301 {
302 	return vma->vm_flags & VM_MAYSHARE;
303 }
304 #else
305 
306 static inline int private_mapping_ok(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
307 {
308 	return 1;
309 }
310 #endif
311 
312 static const struct vm_operations_struct mmap_mem_ops = {
313 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_IOREMAP_PROT
314 	.access = generic_access_phys
315 #endif
316 };
317 
318 static int mmap_mem(struct file *file, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
319 {
320 	size_t size = vma->vm_end - vma->vm_start;
321 
322 	if (!valid_mmap_phys_addr_range(vma->vm_pgoff, size))
323 		return -EINVAL;
324 
325 	if (!private_mapping_ok(vma))
326 		return -ENOSYS;
327 
328 	if (!range_is_allowed(vma->vm_pgoff, size))
329 		return -EPERM;
330 
331 	if (!phys_mem_access_prot_allowed(file, vma->vm_pgoff, size,
332 						&vma->vm_page_prot))
333 		return -EINVAL;
334 
335 	vma->vm_page_prot = phys_mem_access_prot(file, vma->vm_pgoff,
336 						 size,
337 						 vma->vm_page_prot);
338 
339 	vma->vm_ops = &mmap_mem_ops;
340 
341 	/* Remap-pfn-range will mark the range VM_IO */
342 	if (remap_pfn_range(vma,
343 			    vma->vm_start,
344 			    vma->vm_pgoff,
345 			    size,
346 			    vma->vm_page_prot)) {
347 		return -EAGAIN;
348 	}
349 	return 0;
350 }
351 
352 static int mmap_kmem(struct file *file, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
353 {
354 	unsigned long pfn;
355 
356 	/* Turn a kernel-virtual address into a physical page frame */
357 	pfn = __pa((u64)vma->vm_pgoff << PAGE_SHIFT) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
358 
359 	/*
360 	 * RED-PEN: on some architectures there is more mapped memory than
361 	 * available in mem_map which pfn_valid checks for. Perhaps should add a
362 	 * new macro here.
363 	 *
364 	 * RED-PEN: vmalloc is not supported right now.
365 	 */
366 	if (!pfn_valid(pfn))
367 		return -EIO;
368 
369 	vma->vm_pgoff = pfn;
370 	return mmap_mem(file, vma);
371 }
372 
373 /*
374  * This function reads the *virtual* memory as seen by the kernel.
375  */
376 static ssize_t read_kmem(struct file *file, char __user *buf,
377 			 size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
378 {
379 	unsigned long p = *ppos;
380 	ssize_t low_count, read, sz;
381 	char *kbuf; /* k-addr because vread() takes vmlist_lock rwlock */
382 	int err = 0;
383 
384 	if (!pfn_valid(PFN_DOWN(p)))
385 		return -EIO;
386 
387 	read = 0;
388 	if (p < (unsigned long) high_memory) {
389 		low_count = count;
390 		if (count > (unsigned long)high_memory - p)
391 			low_count = (unsigned long)high_memory - p;
392 
393 #ifdef __ARCH_HAS_NO_PAGE_ZERO_MAPPED
394 		/* we don't have page 0 mapped on sparc and m68k.. */
395 		if (p < PAGE_SIZE && low_count > 0) {
396 			sz = size_inside_page(p, low_count);
397 			if (clear_user(buf, sz))
398 				return -EFAULT;
399 			buf += sz;
400 			p += sz;
401 			read += sz;
402 			low_count -= sz;
403 			count -= sz;
404 		}
405 #endif
406 		while (low_count > 0) {
407 			sz = size_inside_page(p, low_count);
408 
409 			/*
410 			 * On ia64 if a page has been mapped somewhere as
411 			 * uncached, then it must also be accessed uncached
412 			 * by the kernel or data corruption may occur
413 			 */
414 			kbuf = xlate_dev_kmem_ptr((void *)p);
415 
416 			if (copy_to_user(buf, kbuf, sz))
417 				return -EFAULT;
418 			buf += sz;
419 			p += sz;
420 			read += sz;
421 			low_count -= sz;
422 			count -= sz;
423 		}
424 	}
425 
426 	if (count > 0) {
427 		kbuf = (char *)__get_free_page(GFP_KERNEL);
428 		if (!kbuf)
429 			return -ENOMEM;
430 		while (count > 0) {
431 			sz = size_inside_page(p, count);
432 			if (!is_vmalloc_or_module_addr((void *)p)) {
433 				err = -ENXIO;
434 				break;
435 			}
436 			sz = vread(kbuf, (char *)p, sz);
437 			if (!sz)
438 				break;
439 			if (copy_to_user(buf, kbuf, sz)) {
440 				err = -EFAULT;
441 				break;
442 			}
443 			count -= sz;
444 			buf += sz;
445 			read += sz;
446 			p += sz;
447 		}
448 		free_page((unsigned long)kbuf);
449 	}
450 	*ppos = p;
451 	return read ? read : err;
452 }
453 
454 
455 static ssize_t do_write_kmem(unsigned long p, const char __user *buf,
456 				size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
457 {
458 	ssize_t written, sz;
459 	unsigned long copied;
460 
461 	written = 0;
462 #ifdef __ARCH_HAS_NO_PAGE_ZERO_MAPPED
463 	/* we don't have page 0 mapped on sparc and m68k.. */
464 	if (p < PAGE_SIZE) {
465 		sz = size_inside_page(p, count);
466 		/* Hmm. Do something? */
467 		buf += sz;
468 		p += sz;
469 		count -= sz;
470 		written += sz;
471 	}
472 #endif
473 
474 	while (count > 0) {
475 		void *ptr;
476 
477 		sz = size_inside_page(p, count);
478 
479 		/*
480 		 * On ia64 if a page has been mapped somewhere as uncached, then
481 		 * it must also be accessed uncached by the kernel or data
482 		 * corruption may occur.
483 		 */
484 		ptr = xlate_dev_kmem_ptr((void *)p);
485 
486 		copied = copy_from_user(ptr, buf, sz);
487 		if (copied) {
488 			written += sz - copied;
489 			if (written)
490 				break;
491 			return -EFAULT;
492 		}
493 		buf += sz;
494 		p += sz;
495 		count -= sz;
496 		written += sz;
497 	}
498 
499 	*ppos += written;
500 	return written;
501 }
502 
503 /*
504  * This function writes to the *virtual* memory as seen by the kernel.
505  */
506 static ssize_t write_kmem(struct file *file, const char __user *buf,
507 			  size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
508 {
509 	unsigned long p = *ppos;
510 	ssize_t wrote = 0;
511 	ssize_t virtr = 0;
512 	char *kbuf; /* k-addr because vwrite() takes vmlist_lock rwlock */
513 	int err = 0;
514 
515 	if (!pfn_valid(PFN_DOWN(p)))
516 		return -EIO;
517 
518 	if (p < (unsigned long) high_memory) {
519 		unsigned long to_write = min_t(unsigned long, count,
520 					       (unsigned long)high_memory - p);
521 		wrote = do_write_kmem(p, buf, to_write, ppos);
522 		if (wrote != to_write)
523 			return wrote;
524 		p += wrote;
525 		buf += wrote;
526 		count -= wrote;
527 	}
528 
529 	if (count > 0) {
530 		kbuf = (char *)__get_free_page(GFP_KERNEL);
531 		if (!kbuf)
532 			return wrote ? wrote : -ENOMEM;
533 		while (count > 0) {
534 			unsigned long sz = size_inside_page(p, count);
535 			unsigned long n;
536 
537 			if (!is_vmalloc_or_module_addr((void *)p)) {
538 				err = -ENXIO;
539 				break;
540 			}
541 			n = copy_from_user(kbuf, buf, sz);
542 			if (n) {
543 				err = -EFAULT;
544 				break;
545 			}
546 			vwrite(kbuf, (char *)p, sz);
547 			count -= sz;
548 			buf += sz;
549 			virtr += sz;
550 			p += sz;
551 		}
552 		free_page((unsigned long)kbuf);
553 	}
554 
555 	*ppos = p;
556 	return virtr + wrote ? : err;
557 }
558 
559 static ssize_t read_port(struct file *file, char __user *buf,
560 			 size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
561 {
562 	unsigned long i = *ppos;
563 	char __user *tmp = buf;
564 
565 	if (!access_ok(VERIFY_WRITE, buf, count))
566 		return -EFAULT;
567 	while (count-- > 0 && i < 65536) {
568 		if (__put_user(inb(i), tmp) < 0)
569 			return -EFAULT;
570 		i++;
571 		tmp++;
572 	}
573 	*ppos = i;
574 	return tmp-buf;
575 }
576 
577 static ssize_t write_port(struct file *file, const char __user *buf,
578 			  size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
579 {
580 	unsigned long i = *ppos;
581 	const char __user *tmp = buf;
582 
583 	if (!access_ok(VERIFY_READ, buf, count))
584 		return -EFAULT;
585 	while (count-- > 0 && i < 65536) {
586 		char c;
587 
588 		if (__get_user(c, tmp)) {
589 			if (tmp > buf)
590 				break;
591 			return -EFAULT;
592 		}
593 		outb(c, i);
594 		i++;
595 		tmp++;
596 	}
597 	*ppos = i;
598 	return tmp-buf;
599 }
600 
601 static ssize_t read_null(struct file *file, char __user *buf,
602 			 size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
603 {
604 	return 0;
605 }
606 
607 static ssize_t write_null(struct file *file, const char __user *buf,
608 			  size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
609 {
610 	return count;
611 }
612 
613 static ssize_t read_iter_null(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *to)
614 {
615 	return 0;
616 }
617 
618 static ssize_t write_iter_null(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *from)
619 {
620 	size_t count = iov_iter_count(from);
621 	iov_iter_advance(from, count);
622 	return count;
623 }
624 
625 static int pipe_to_null(struct pipe_inode_info *info, struct pipe_buffer *buf,
626 			struct splice_desc *sd)
627 {
628 	return sd->len;
629 }
630 
631 static ssize_t splice_write_null(struct pipe_inode_info *pipe, struct file *out,
632 				 loff_t *ppos, size_t len, unsigned int flags)
633 {
634 	return splice_from_pipe(pipe, out, ppos, len, flags, pipe_to_null);
635 }
636 
637 static ssize_t read_iter_zero(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *iter)
638 {
639 	size_t written = 0;
640 
641 	while (iov_iter_count(iter)) {
642 		size_t chunk = iov_iter_count(iter), n;
643 
644 		if (chunk > PAGE_SIZE)
645 			chunk = PAGE_SIZE;	/* Just for latency reasons */
646 		n = iov_iter_zero(chunk, iter);
647 		if (!n && iov_iter_count(iter))
648 			return written ? written : -EFAULT;
649 		written += n;
650 		if (signal_pending(current))
651 			return written ? written : -ERESTARTSYS;
652 		cond_resched();
653 	}
654 	return written;
655 }
656 
657 static int mmap_zero(struct file *file, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
658 {
659 #ifndef CONFIG_MMU
660 	return -ENOSYS;
661 #endif
662 	if (vma->vm_flags & VM_SHARED)
663 		return shmem_zero_setup(vma);
664 	return 0;
665 }
666 
667 static unsigned long get_unmapped_area_zero(struct file *file,
668 				unsigned long addr, unsigned long len,
669 				unsigned long pgoff, unsigned long flags)
670 {
671 #ifdef CONFIG_MMU
672 	if (flags & MAP_SHARED) {
673 		/*
674 		 * mmap_zero() will call shmem_zero_setup() to create a file,
675 		 * so use shmem's get_unmapped_area in case it can be huge;
676 		 * and pass NULL for file as in mmap.c's get_unmapped_area(),
677 		 * so as not to confuse shmem with our handle on "/dev/zero".
678 		 */
679 		return shmem_get_unmapped_area(NULL, addr, len, pgoff, flags);
680 	}
681 
682 	/* Otherwise flags & MAP_PRIVATE: with no shmem object beneath it */
683 	return current->mm->get_unmapped_area(file, addr, len, pgoff, flags);
684 #else
685 	return -ENOSYS;
686 #endif
687 }
688 
689 static ssize_t write_full(struct file *file, const char __user *buf,
690 			  size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
691 {
692 	return -ENOSPC;
693 }
694 
695 /*
696  * Special lseek() function for /dev/null and /dev/zero.  Most notably, you
697  * can fopen() both devices with "a" now.  This was previously impossible.
698  * -- SRB.
699  */
700 static loff_t null_lseek(struct file *file, loff_t offset, int orig)
701 {
702 	return file->f_pos = 0;
703 }
704 
705 /*
706  * The memory devices use the full 32/64 bits of the offset, and so we cannot
707  * check against negative addresses: they are ok. The return value is weird,
708  * though, in that case (0).
709  *
710  * also note that seeking relative to the "end of file" isn't supported:
711  * it has no meaning, so it returns -EINVAL.
712  */
713 static loff_t memory_lseek(struct file *file, loff_t offset, int orig)
714 {
715 	loff_t ret;
716 
717 	inode_lock(file_inode(file));
718 	switch (orig) {
719 	case SEEK_CUR:
720 		offset += file->f_pos;
721 	case SEEK_SET:
722 		/* to avoid userland mistaking f_pos=-9 as -EBADF=-9 */
723 		if ((unsigned long long)offset >= -MAX_ERRNO) {
724 			ret = -EOVERFLOW;
725 			break;
726 		}
727 		file->f_pos = offset;
728 		ret = file->f_pos;
729 		force_successful_syscall_return();
730 		break;
731 	default:
732 		ret = -EINVAL;
733 	}
734 	inode_unlock(file_inode(file));
735 	return ret;
736 }
737 
738 static int open_port(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
739 {
740 	return capable(CAP_SYS_RAWIO) ? 0 : -EPERM;
741 }
742 
743 #define zero_lseek	null_lseek
744 #define full_lseek      null_lseek
745 #define write_zero	write_null
746 #define write_iter_zero	write_iter_null
747 #define open_mem	open_port
748 #define open_kmem	open_mem
749 
750 static const struct file_operations __maybe_unused mem_fops = {
751 	.llseek		= memory_lseek,
752 	.read		= read_mem,
753 	.write		= write_mem,
754 	.mmap		= mmap_mem,
755 	.open		= open_mem,
756 #ifndef CONFIG_MMU
757 	.get_unmapped_area = get_unmapped_area_mem,
758 	.mmap_capabilities = memory_mmap_capabilities,
759 #endif
760 };
761 
762 static const struct file_operations __maybe_unused kmem_fops = {
763 	.llseek		= memory_lseek,
764 	.read		= read_kmem,
765 	.write		= write_kmem,
766 	.mmap		= mmap_kmem,
767 	.open		= open_kmem,
768 #ifndef CONFIG_MMU
769 	.get_unmapped_area = get_unmapped_area_mem,
770 	.mmap_capabilities = memory_mmap_capabilities,
771 #endif
772 };
773 
774 static const struct file_operations null_fops = {
775 	.llseek		= null_lseek,
776 	.read		= read_null,
777 	.write		= write_null,
778 	.read_iter	= read_iter_null,
779 	.write_iter	= write_iter_null,
780 	.splice_write	= splice_write_null,
781 };
782 
783 static const struct file_operations __maybe_unused port_fops = {
784 	.llseek		= memory_lseek,
785 	.read		= read_port,
786 	.write		= write_port,
787 	.open		= open_port,
788 };
789 
790 static const struct file_operations zero_fops = {
791 	.llseek		= zero_lseek,
792 	.write		= write_zero,
793 	.read_iter	= read_iter_zero,
794 	.write_iter	= write_iter_zero,
795 	.mmap		= mmap_zero,
796 	.get_unmapped_area = get_unmapped_area_zero,
797 #ifndef CONFIG_MMU
798 	.mmap_capabilities = zero_mmap_capabilities,
799 #endif
800 };
801 
802 static const struct file_operations full_fops = {
803 	.llseek		= full_lseek,
804 	.read_iter	= read_iter_zero,
805 	.write		= write_full,
806 };
807 
808 static const struct memdev {
809 	const char *name;
810 	umode_t mode;
811 	const struct file_operations *fops;
812 	fmode_t fmode;
813 } devlist[] = {
814 #ifdef CONFIG_DEVMEM
815 	 [1] = { "mem", 0, &mem_fops, FMODE_UNSIGNED_OFFSET },
816 #endif
817 #ifdef CONFIG_DEVKMEM
818 	 [2] = { "kmem", 0, &kmem_fops, FMODE_UNSIGNED_OFFSET },
819 #endif
820 	 [3] = { "null", 0666, &null_fops, 0 },
821 #ifdef CONFIG_DEVPORT
822 	 [4] = { "port", 0, &port_fops, 0 },
823 #endif
824 	 [5] = { "zero", 0666, &zero_fops, 0 },
825 	 [7] = { "full", 0666, &full_fops, 0 },
826 	 [8] = { "random", 0666, &random_fops, 0 },
827 	 [9] = { "urandom", 0666, &urandom_fops, 0 },
828 #ifdef CONFIG_PRINTK
829 	[11] = { "kmsg", 0644, &kmsg_fops, 0 },
830 #endif
831 };
832 
833 static int memory_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
834 {
835 	int minor;
836 	const struct memdev *dev;
837 
838 	minor = iminor(inode);
839 	if (minor >= ARRAY_SIZE(devlist))
840 		return -ENXIO;
841 
842 	dev = &devlist[minor];
843 	if (!dev->fops)
844 		return -ENXIO;
845 
846 	filp->f_op = dev->fops;
847 	filp->f_mode |= dev->fmode;
848 
849 	if (dev->fops->open)
850 		return dev->fops->open(inode, filp);
851 
852 	return 0;
853 }
854 
855 static const struct file_operations memory_fops = {
856 	.open = memory_open,
857 	.llseek = noop_llseek,
858 };
859 
860 static char *mem_devnode(struct device *dev, umode_t *mode)
861 {
862 	if (mode && devlist[MINOR(dev->devt)].mode)
863 		*mode = devlist[MINOR(dev->devt)].mode;
864 	return NULL;
865 }
866 
867 static struct class *mem_class;
868 
869 static int __init chr_dev_init(void)
870 {
871 	int minor;
872 
873 	if (register_chrdev(MEM_MAJOR, "mem", &memory_fops))
874 		printk("unable to get major %d for memory devs\n", MEM_MAJOR);
875 
876 	mem_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "mem");
877 	if (IS_ERR(mem_class))
878 		return PTR_ERR(mem_class);
879 
880 	mem_class->devnode = mem_devnode;
881 	for (minor = 1; minor < ARRAY_SIZE(devlist); minor++) {
882 		if (!devlist[minor].name)
883 			continue;
884 
885 		/*
886 		 * Create /dev/port?
887 		 */
888 		if ((minor == DEVPORT_MINOR) && !arch_has_dev_port())
889 			continue;
890 
891 		device_create(mem_class, NULL, MKDEV(MEM_MAJOR, minor),
892 			      NULL, devlist[minor].name);
893 	}
894 
895 	return tty_init();
896 }
897 
898 fs_initcall(chr_dev_init);
899