1 /* -*- linux-c -*- 2 * dtlk.c - DoubleTalk PC driver for Linux 3 * 4 * Original author: Chris Pallotta <chris@allmedia.com> 5 * Current maintainer: Jim Van Zandt <jrv@vanzandt.mv.com> 6 * 7 * 2000-03-18 Jim Van Zandt: Fix polling. 8 * Eliminate dtlk_timer_active flag and separate dtlk_stop_timer 9 * function. Don't restart timer in dtlk_timer_tick. Restart timer 10 * in dtlk_poll after every poll. dtlk_poll returns mask (duh). 11 * Eliminate unused function dtlk_write_byte. Misc. code cleanups. 12 */ 13 14 /* This driver is for the DoubleTalk PC, a speech synthesizer 15 manufactured by RC Systems (http://www.rcsys.com/). It was written 16 based on documentation in their User's Manual file and Developer's 17 Tools disk. 18 19 The DoubleTalk PC contains four voice synthesizers: text-to-speech 20 (TTS), linear predictive coding (LPC), PCM/ADPCM, and CVSD. It 21 also has a tone generator. Output data for LPC are written to the 22 LPC port, and output data for the other modes are written to the 23 TTS port. 24 25 Two kinds of data can be read from the DoubleTalk: status 26 information (in response to the "\001?" interrogation command) is 27 read from the TTS port, and index markers (which mark the progress 28 of the speech) are read from the LPC port. Not all models of the 29 DoubleTalk PC implement index markers. Both the TTS and LPC ports 30 can also display status flags. 31 32 The DoubleTalk PC generates no interrupts. 33 34 These characteristics are mapped into the Unix stream I/O model as 35 follows: 36 37 "write" sends bytes to the TTS port. It is the responsibility of 38 the user program to switch modes among TTS, PCM/ADPCM, and CVSD. 39 This driver was written for use with the text-to-speech 40 synthesizer. If LPC output is needed some day, other minor device 41 numbers can be used to select among output modes. 42 43 "read" gets index markers from the LPC port. If the device does 44 not implement index markers, the read will fail with error EINVAL. 45 46 Status information is available using the DTLK_INTERROGATE ioctl. 47 48 */ 49 50 #include <linux/module.h> 51 52 #define KERNEL 53 #include <linux/types.h> 54 #include <linux/fs.h> 55 #include <linux/mm.h> 56 #include <linux/errno.h> /* for -EBUSY */ 57 #include <linux/ioport.h> /* for request_region */ 58 #include <linux/delay.h> /* for loops_per_jiffy */ 59 #include <linux/sched.h> 60 #include <linux/smp_lock.h> /* cycle_kernel_lock() */ 61 #include <asm/io.h> /* for inb_p, outb_p, inb, outb, etc. */ 62 #include <asm/uaccess.h> /* for get_user, etc. */ 63 #include <linux/wait.h> /* for wait_queue */ 64 #include <linux/init.h> /* for __init, module_{init,exit} */ 65 #include <linux/poll.h> /* for POLLIN, etc. */ 66 #include <linux/dtlk.h> /* local header file for DoubleTalk values */ 67 68 #ifdef TRACING 69 #define TRACE_TEXT(str) printk(str); 70 #define TRACE_RET printk(")") 71 #else /* !TRACING */ 72 #define TRACE_TEXT(str) ((void) 0) 73 #define TRACE_RET ((void) 0) 74 #endif /* TRACING */ 75 76 static void dtlk_timer_tick(unsigned long data); 77 78 static int dtlk_major; 79 static int dtlk_port_lpc; 80 static int dtlk_port_tts; 81 static int dtlk_busy; 82 static int dtlk_has_indexing; 83 static unsigned int dtlk_portlist[] = 84 {0x25e, 0x29e, 0x2de, 0x31e, 0x35e, 0x39e, 0}; 85 static wait_queue_head_t dtlk_process_list; 86 static DEFINE_TIMER(dtlk_timer, dtlk_timer_tick, 0, 0); 87 88 /* prototypes for file_operations struct */ 89 static ssize_t dtlk_read(struct file *, char __user *, 90 size_t nbytes, loff_t * ppos); 91 static ssize_t dtlk_write(struct file *, const char __user *, 92 size_t nbytes, loff_t * ppos); 93 static unsigned int dtlk_poll(struct file *, poll_table *); 94 static int dtlk_open(struct inode *, struct file *); 95 static int dtlk_release(struct inode *, struct file *); 96 static long dtlk_ioctl(struct file *file, 97 unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg); 98 99 static const struct file_operations dtlk_fops = 100 { 101 .owner = THIS_MODULE, 102 .read = dtlk_read, 103 .write = dtlk_write, 104 .poll = dtlk_poll, 105 .unlocked_ioctl = dtlk_ioctl, 106 .open = dtlk_open, 107 .release = dtlk_release, 108 }; 109 110 /* local prototypes */ 111 static int dtlk_dev_probe(void); 112 static struct dtlk_settings *dtlk_interrogate(void); 113 static int dtlk_readable(void); 114 static char dtlk_read_lpc(void); 115 static char dtlk_read_tts(void); 116 static int dtlk_writeable(void); 117 static char dtlk_write_bytes(const char *buf, int n); 118 static char dtlk_write_tts(char); 119 /* 120 static void dtlk_handle_error(char, char, unsigned int); 121 */ 122 123 static ssize_t dtlk_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf, 124 size_t count, loff_t * ppos) 125 { 126 unsigned int minor = iminor(file->f_path.dentry->d_inode); 127 char ch; 128 int i = 0, retries; 129 130 TRACE_TEXT("(dtlk_read"); 131 /* printk("DoubleTalk PC - dtlk_read()\n"); */ 132 133 if (minor != DTLK_MINOR || !dtlk_has_indexing) 134 return -EINVAL; 135 136 for (retries = 0; retries < loops_per_jiffy; retries++) { 137 while (i < count && dtlk_readable()) { 138 ch = dtlk_read_lpc(); 139 /* printk("dtlk_read() reads 0x%02x\n", ch); */ 140 if (put_user(ch, buf++)) 141 return -EFAULT; 142 i++; 143 } 144 if (i) 145 return i; 146 if (file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) 147 break; 148 msleep_interruptible(100); 149 } 150 if (retries == loops_per_jiffy) 151 printk(KERN_ERR "dtlk_read times out\n"); 152 TRACE_RET; 153 return -EAGAIN; 154 } 155 156 static ssize_t dtlk_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buf, 157 size_t count, loff_t * ppos) 158 { 159 int i = 0, retries = 0, ch; 160 161 TRACE_TEXT("(dtlk_write"); 162 #ifdef TRACING 163 printk(" \""); 164 { 165 int i, ch; 166 for (i = 0; i < count; i++) { 167 if (get_user(ch, buf + i)) 168 return -EFAULT; 169 if (' ' <= ch && ch <= '~') 170 printk("%c", ch); 171 else 172 printk("\\%03o", ch); 173 } 174 printk("\""); 175 } 176 #endif 177 178 if (iminor(file->f_path.dentry->d_inode) != DTLK_MINOR) 179 return -EINVAL; 180 181 while (1) { 182 while (i < count && !get_user(ch, buf) && 183 (ch == DTLK_CLEAR || dtlk_writeable())) { 184 dtlk_write_tts(ch); 185 buf++; 186 i++; 187 if (i % 5 == 0) 188 /* We yield our time until scheduled 189 again. This reduces the transfer 190 rate to 500 bytes/sec, but that's 191 still enough to keep up with the 192 speech synthesizer. */ 193 msleep_interruptible(1); 194 else { 195 /* the RDY bit goes zero 2-3 usec 196 after writing, and goes 1 again 197 180-190 usec later. Here, we wait 198 up to 250 usec for the RDY bit to 199 go nonzero. */ 200 for (retries = 0; 201 retries < loops_per_jiffy / (4000/HZ); 202 retries++) 203 if (inb_p(dtlk_port_tts) & 204 TTS_WRITABLE) 205 break; 206 } 207 retries = 0; 208 } 209 if (i == count) 210 return i; 211 if (file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) 212 break; 213 214 msleep_interruptible(1); 215 216 if (++retries > 10 * HZ) { /* wait no more than 10 sec 217 from last write */ 218 printk("dtlk: write timeout. " 219 "inb_p(dtlk_port_tts) = 0x%02x\n", 220 inb_p(dtlk_port_tts)); 221 TRACE_RET; 222 return -EBUSY; 223 } 224 } 225 TRACE_RET; 226 return -EAGAIN; 227 } 228 229 static unsigned int dtlk_poll(struct file *file, poll_table * wait) 230 { 231 int mask = 0; 232 unsigned long expires; 233 234 TRACE_TEXT(" dtlk_poll"); 235 /* 236 static long int j; 237 printk("."); 238 printk("<%ld>", jiffies-j); 239 j=jiffies; 240 */ 241 poll_wait(file, &dtlk_process_list, wait); 242 243 if (dtlk_has_indexing && dtlk_readable()) { 244 del_timer(&dtlk_timer); 245 mask = POLLIN | POLLRDNORM; 246 } 247 if (dtlk_writeable()) { 248 del_timer(&dtlk_timer); 249 mask |= POLLOUT | POLLWRNORM; 250 } 251 /* there are no exception conditions */ 252 253 /* There won't be any interrupts, so we set a timer instead. */ 254 expires = jiffies + 3*HZ / 100; 255 mod_timer(&dtlk_timer, expires); 256 257 return mask; 258 } 259 260 static void dtlk_timer_tick(unsigned long data) 261 { 262 TRACE_TEXT(" dtlk_timer_tick"); 263 wake_up_interruptible(&dtlk_process_list); 264 } 265 266 static long dtlk_ioctl(struct file *file, 267 unsigned int cmd, 268 unsigned long arg) 269 { 270 char __user *argp = (char __user *)arg; 271 struct dtlk_settings *sp; 272 char portval; 273 TRACE_TEXT(" dtlk_ioctl"); 274 275 switch (cmd) { 276 277 case DTLK_INTERROGATE: 278 lock_kernel(); 279 sp = dtlk_interrogate(); 280 unlock_kernel(); 281 if (copy_to_user(argp, sp, sizeof(struct dtlk_settings))) 282 return -EINVAL; 283 return 0; 284 285 case DTLK_STATUS: 286 portval = inb_p(dtlk_port_tts); 287 return put_user(portval, argp); 288 289 default: 290 return -EINVAL; 291 } 292 } 293 294 /* Note that nobody ever sets dtlk_busy... */ 295 static int dtlk_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file) 296 { 297 TRACE_TEXT("(dtlk_open"); 298 299 cycle_kernel_lock(); 300 nonseekable_open(inode, file); 301 switch (iminor(inode)) { 302 case DTLK_MINOR: 303 if (dtlk_busy) 304 return -EBUSY; 305 return nonseekable_open(inode, file); 306 307 default: 308 return -ENXIO; 309 } 310 } 311 312 static int dtlk_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file) 313 { 314 TRACE_TEXT("(dtlk_release"); 315 316 switch (iminor(inode)) { 317 case DTLK_MINOR: 318 break; 319 320 default: 321 break; 322 } 323 TRACE_RET; 324 325 del_timer_sync(&dtlk_timer); 326 327 return 0; 328 } 329 330 static int __init dtlk_init(void) 331 { 332 int err; 333 334 dtlk_port_lpc = 0; 335 dtlk_port_tts = 0; 336 dtlk_busy = 0; 337 dtlk_major = register_chrdev(0, "dtlk", &dtlk_fops); 338 if (dtlk_major < 0) { 339 printk(KERN_ERR "DoubleTalk PC - cannot register device\n"); 340 return dtlk_major; 341 } 342 err = dtlk_dev_probe(); 343 if (err) { 344 unregister_chrdev(dtlk_major, "dtlk"); 345 return err; 346 } 347 printk(", MAJOR %d\n", dtlk_major); 348 349 init_waitqueue_head(&dtlk_process_list); 350 351 return 0; 352 } 353 354 static void __exit dtlk_cleanup (void) 355 { 356 dtlk_write_bytes("goodbye", 8); 357 msleep_interruptible(500); /* nap 0.50 sec but 358 could be awakened 359 earlier by 360 signals... */ 361 362 dtlk_write_tts(DTLK_CLEAR); 363 unregister_chrdev(dtlk_major, "dtlk"); 364 release_region(dtlk_port_lpc, DTLK_IO_EXTENT); 365 } 366 367 module_init(dtlk_init); 368 module_exit(dtlk_cleanup); 369 370 /* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */ 371 372 static int dtlk_readable(void) 373 { 374 #ifdef TRACING 375 printk(" dtlk_readable=%u@%u", inb_p(dtlk_port_lpc) != 0x7f, jiffies); 376 #endif 377 return inb_p(dtlk_port_lpc) != 0x7f; 378 } 379 380 static int dtlk_writeable(void) 381 { 382 /* TRACE_TEXT(" dtlk_writeable"); */ 383 #ifdef TRACINGMORE 384 printk(" dtlk_writeable=%u", (inb_p(dtlk_port_tts) & TTS_WRITABLE)!=0); 385 #endif 386 return inb_p(dtlk_port_tts) & TTS_WRITABLE; 387 } 388 389 static int __init dtlk_dev_probe(void) 390 { 391 unsigned int testval = 0; 392 int i = 0; 393 struct dtlk_settings *sp; 394 395 if (dtlk_port_lpc | dtlk_port_tts) 396 return -EBUSY; 397 398 for (i = 0; dtlk_portlist[i]; i++) { 399 #if 0 400 printk("DoubleTalk PC - Port %03x = %04x\n", 401 dtlk_portlist[i], (testval = inw_p(dtlk_portlist[i]))); 402 #endif 403 404 if (!request_region(dtlk_portlist[i], DTLK_IO_EXTENT, 405 "dtlk")) 406 continue; 407 testval = inw_p(dtlk_portlist[i]); 408 if ((testval &= 0xfbff) == 0x107f) { 409 dtlk_port_lpc = dtlk_portlist[i]; 410 dtlk_port_tts = dtlk_port_lpc + 1; 411 412 sp = dtlk_interrogate(); 413 printk("DoubleTalk PC at %03x-%03x, " 414 "ROM version %s, serial number %u", 415 dtlk_portlist[i], dtlk_portlist[i] + 416 DTLK_IO_EXTENT - 1, 417 sp->rom_version, sp->serial_number); 418 419 /* put LPC port into known state, so 420 dtlk_readable() gives valid result */ 421 outb_p(0xff, dtlk_port_lpc); 422 423 /* INIT string and index marker */ 424 dtlk_write_bytes("\036\1@\0\0012I\r", 8); 425 /* posting an index takes 18 msec. Here, we 426 wait up to 100 msec to see whether it 427 appears. */ 428 msleep_interruptible(100); 429 dtlk_has_indexing = dtlk_readable(); 430 #ifdef TRACING 431 printk(", indexing %d\n", dtlk_has_indexing); 432 #endif 433 #ifdef INSCOPE 434 { 435 /* This macro records ten samples read from the LPC port, for later display */ 436 #define LOOK \ 437 for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) \ 438 { \ 439 buffer[b++] = inb_p(dtlk_port_lpc); \ 440 __delay(loops_per_jiffy/(1000000/HZ)); \ 441 } 442 char buffer[1000]; 443 int b = 0, i, j; 444 445 LOOK 446 outb_p(0xff, dtlk_port_lpc); 447 buffer[b++] = 0; 448 LOOK 449 dtlk_write_bytes("\0012I\r", 4); 450 buffer[b++] = 0; 451 __delay(50 * loops_per_jiffy / (1000/HZ)); 452 outb_p(0xff, dtlk_port_lpc); 453 buffer[b++] = 0; 454 LOOK 455 456 printk("\n"); 457 for (j = 0; j < b; j++) 458 printk(" %02x", buffer[j]); 459 printk("\n"); 460 } 461 #endif /* INSCOPE */ 462 463 #ifdef OUTSCOPE 464 { 465 /* This macro records ten samples read from the TTS port, for later display */ 466 #define LOOK \ 467 for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) \ 468 { \ 469 buffer[b++] = inb_p(dtlk_port_tts); \ 470 __delay(loops_per_jiffy/(1000000/HZ)); /* 1 us */ \ 471 } 472 char buffer[1000]; 473 int b = 0, i, j; 474 475 mdelay(10); /* 10 ms */ 476 LOOK 477 outb_p(0x03, dtlk_port_tts); 478 buffer[b++] = 0; 479 LOOK 480 LOOK 481 482 printk("\n"); 483 for (j = 0; j < b; j++) 484 printk(" %02x", buffer[j]); 485 printk("\n"); 486 } 487 #endif /* OUTSCOPE */ 488 489 dtlk_write_bytes("Double Talk found", 18); 490 491 return 0; 492 } 493 release_region(dtlk_portlist[i], DTLK_IO_EXTENT); 494 } 495 496 printk(KERN_INFO "DoubleTalk PC - not found\n"); 497 return -ENODEV; 498 } 499 500 /* 501 static void dtlk_handle_error(char op, char rc, unsigned int minor) 502 { 503 printk(KERN_INFO"\nDoubleTalk PC - MINOR: %d, OPCODE: %d, ERROR: %d\n", 504 minor, op, rc); 505 return; 506 } 507 */ 508 509 /* interrogate the DoubleTalk PC and return its settings */ 510 static struct dtlk_settings *dtlk_interrogate(void) 511 { 512 unsigned char *t; 513 static char buf[sizeof(struct dtlk_settings) + 1]; 514 int total, i; 515 static struct dtlk_settings status; 516 TRACE_TEXT("(dtlk_interrogate"); 517 dtlk_write_bytes("\030\001?", 3); 518 for (total = 0, i = 0; i < 50; i++) { 519 buf[total] = dtlk_read_tts(); 520 if (total > 2 && buf[total] == 0x7f) 521 break; 522 if (total < sizeof(struct dtlk_settings)) 523 total++; 524 } 525 /* 526 if (i==50) printk("interrogate() read overrun\n"); 527 for (i=0; i<sizeof(buf); i++) 528 printk(" %02x", buf[i]); 529 printk("\n"); 530 */ 531 t = buf; 532 status.serial_number = t[0] + t[1] * 256; /* serial number is 533 little endian */ 534 t += 2; 535 536 i = 0; 537 while (*t != '\r') { 538 status.rom_version[i] = *t; 539 if (i < sizeof(status.rom_version) - 1) 540 i++; 541 t++; 542 } 543 status.rom_version[i] = 0; 544 t++; 545 546 status.mode = *t++; 547 status.punc_level = *t++; 548 status.formant_freq = *t++; 549 status.pitch = *t++; 550 status.speed = *t++; 551 status.volume = *t++; 552 status.tone = *t++; 553 status.expression = *t++; 554 status.ext_dict_loaded = *t++; 555 status.ext_dict_status = *t++; 556 status.free_ram = *t++; 557 status.articulation = *t++; 558 status.reverb = *t++; 559 status.eob = *t++; 560 status.has_indexing = dtlk_has_indexing; 561 TRACE_RET; 562 return &status; 563 } 564 565 static char dtlk_read_tts(void) 566 { 567 int portval, retries = 0; 568 char ch; 569 TRACE_TEXT("(dtlk_read_tts"); 570 571 /* verify DT is ready, read char, wait for ACK */ 572 do { 573 portval = inb_p(dtlk_port_tts); 574 } while ((portval & TTS_READABLE) == 0 && 575 retries++ < DTLK_MAX_RETRIES); 576 if (retries > DTLK_MAX_RETRIES) 577 printk(KERN_ERR "dtlk_read_tts() timeout\n"); 578 579 ch = inb_p(dtlk_port_tts); /* input from TTS port */ 580 ch &= 0x7f; 581 outb_p(ch, dtlk_port_tts); 582 583 retries = 0; 584 do { 585 portval = inb_p(dtlk_port_tts); 586 } while ((portval & TTS_READABLE) != 0 && 587 retries++ < DTLK_MAX_RETRIES); 588 if (retries > DTLK_MAX_RETRIES) 589 printk(KERN_ERR "dtlk_read_tts() timeout\n"); 590 591 TRACE_RET; 592 return ch; 593 } 594 595 static char dtlk_read_lpc(void) 596 { 597 int retries = 0; 598 char ch; 599 TRACE_TEXT("(dtlk_read_lpc"); 600 601 /* no need to test -- this is only called when the port is readable */ 602 603 ch = inb_p(dtlk_port_lpc); /* input from LPC port */ 604 605 outb_p(0xff, dtlk_port_lpc); 606 607 /* acknowledging a read takes 3-4 608 usec. Here, we wait up to 20 usec 609 for the acknowledgement */ 610 retries = (loops_per_jiffy * 20) / (1000000/HZ); 611 while (inb_p(dtlk_port_lpc) != 0x7f && --retries > 0); 612 if (retries == 0) 613 printk(KERN_ERR "dtlk_read_lpc() timeout\n"); 614 615 TRACE_RET; 616 return ch; 617 } 618 619 /* write n bytes to tts port */ 620 static char dtlk_write_bytes(const char *buf, int n) 621 { 622 char val = 0; 623 /* printk("dtlk_write_bytes(\"%-*s\", %d)\n", n, buf, n); */ 624 TRACE_TEXT("(dtlk_write_bytes"); 625 while (n-- > 0) 626 val = dtlk_write_tts(*buf++); 627 TRACE_RET; 628 return val; 629 } 630 631 static char dtlk_write_tts(char ch) 632 { 633 int retries = 0; 634 #ifdef TRACINGMORE 635 printk(" dtlk_write_tts("); 636 if (' ' <= ch && ch <= '~') 637 printk("'%c'", ch); 638 else 639 printk("0x%02x", ch); 640 #endif 641 if (ch != DTLK_CLEAR) /* no flow control for CLEAR command */ 642 while ((inb_p(dtlk_port_tts) & TTS_WRITABLE) == 0 && 643 retries++ < DTLK_MAX_RETRIES) /* DT ready? */ 644 ; 645 if (retries > DTLK_MAX_RETRIES) 646 printk(KERN_ERR "dtlk_write_tts() timeout\n"); 647 648 outb_p(ch, dtlk_port_tts); /* output to TTS port */ 649 /* the RDY bit goes zero 2-3 usec after writing, and goes 650 1 again 180-190 usec later. Here, we wait up to 10 651 usec for the RDY bit to go zero. */ 652 for (retries = 0; retries < loops_per_jiffy / (100000/HZ); retries++) 653 if ((inb_p(dtlk_port_tts) & TTS_WRITABLE) == 0) 654 break; 655 656 #ifdef TRACINGMORE 657 printk(")\n"); 658 #endif 659 return 0; 660 } 661 662 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL"); 663