xref: /linux/drivers/base/power/main.c (revision 5bdef865eb358b6f3760e25e591ae115e9eeddef)
1 /*
2  * drivers/base/power/main.c - Where the driver meets power management.
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2003 Patrick Mochel
5  * Copyright (c) 2003 Open Source Development Lab
6  *
7  * This file is released under the GPLv2
8  *
9  *
10  * The driver model core calls device_pm_add() when a device is registered.
11  * This will intialize the embedded device_pm_info object in the device
12  * and add it to the list of power-controlled devices. sysfs entries for
13  * controlling device power management will also be added.
14  *
15  * A separate list is used for keeping track of power info, because the power
16  * domain dependencies may differ from the ancestral dependencies that the
17  * subsystem list maintains.
18  */
19 
20 #include <linux/device.h>
21 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
22 #include <linux/mutex.h>
23 #include <linux/pm.h>
24 #include <linux/resume-trace.h>
25 #include <linux/rwsem.h>
26 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
27 
28 #include "../base.h"
29 #include "power.h"
30 
31 /*
32  * The entries in the dpm_list list are in a depth first order, simply
33  * because children are guaranteed to be discovered after parents, and
34  * are inserted at the back of the list on discovery.
35  *
36  * Since device_pm_add() may be called with a device semaphore held,
37  * we must never try to acquire a device semaphore while holding
38  * dpm_list_mutex.
39  */
40 
41 LIST_HEAD(dpm_list);
42 
43 static DEFINE_MUTEX(dpm_list_mtx);
44 
45 /*
46  * Set once the preparation of devices for a PM transition has started, reset
47  * before starting to resume devices.  Protected by dpm_list_mtx.
48  */
49 static bool transition_started;
50 
51 /**
52  *	device_pm_lock - lock the list of active devices used by the PM core
53  */
54 void device_pm_lock(void)
55 {
56 	mutex_lock(&dpm_list_mtx);
57 }
58 
59 /**
60  *	device_pm_unlock - unlock the list of active devices used by the PM core
61  */
62 void device_pm_unlock(void)
63 {
64 	mutex_unlock(&dpm_list_mtx);
65 }
66 
67 /**
68  *	device_pm_add - add a device to the list of active devices
69  *	@dev:	Device to be added to the list
70  */
71 void device_pm_add(struct device *dev)
72 {
73 	pr_debug("PM: Adding info for %s:%s\n",
74 		 dev->bus ? dev->bus->name : "No Bus",
75 		 kobject_name(&dev->kobj));
76 	mutex_lock(&dpm_list_mtx);
77 	if (dev->parent) {
78 		if (dev->parent->power.status >= DPM_SUSPENDING)
79 			dev_warn(dev, "parent %s should not be sleeping\n",
80 				 dev_name(dev->parent));
81 	} else if (transition_started) {
82 		/*
83 		 * We refuse to register parentless devices while a PM
84 		 * transition is in progress in order to avoid leaving them
85 		 * unhandled down the road
86 		 */
87 		dev_WARN(dev, "Parentless device registered during a PM transaction\n");
88 	}
89 
90 	list_add_tail(&dev->power.entry, &dpm_list);
91 	mutex_unlock(&dpm_list_mtx);
92 }
93 
94 /**
95  *	device_pm_remove - remove a device from the list of active devices
96  *	@dev:	Device to be removed from the list
97  *
98  *	This function also removes the device's PM-related sysfs attributes.
99  */
100 void device_pm_remove(struct device *dev)
101 {
102 	pr_debug("PM: Removing info for %s:%s\n",
103 		 dev->bus ? dev->bus->name : "No Bus",
104 		 kobject_name(&dev->kobj));
105 	mutex_lock(&dpm_list_mtx);
106 	list_del_init(&dev->power.entry);
107 	mutex_unlock(&dpm_list_mtx);
108 }
109 
110 /**
111  *	device_pm_move_before - move device in dpm_list
112  *	@deva:  Device to move in dpm_list
113  *	@devb:  Device @deva should come before
114  */
115 void device_pm_move_before(struct device *deva, struct device *devb)
116 {
117 	pr_debug("PM: Moving %s:%s before %s:%s\n",
118 		 deva->bus ? deva->bus->name : "No Bus",
119 		 kobject_name(&deva->kobj),
120 		 devb->bus ? devb->bus->name : "No Bus",
121 		 kobject_name(&devb->kobj));
122 	/* Delete deva from dpm_list and reinsert before devb. */
123 	list_move_tail(&deva->power.entry, &devb->power.entry);
124 }
125 
126 /**
127  *	device_pm_move_after - move device in dpm_list
128  *	@deva:  Device to move in dpm_list
129  *	@devb:  Device @deva should come after
130  */
131 void device_pm_move_after(struct device *deva, struct device *devb)
132 {
133 	pr_debug("PM: Moving %s:%s after %s:%s\n",
134 		 deva->bus ? deva->bus->name : "No Bus",
135 		 kobject_name(&deva->kobj),
136 		 devb->bus ? devb->bus->name : "No Bus",
137 		 kobject_name(&devb->kobj));
138 	/* Delete deva from dpm_list and reinsert after devb. */
139 	list_move(&deva->power.entry, &devb->power.entry);
140 }
141 
142 /**
143  * 	device_pm_move_last - move device to end of dpm_list
144  * 	@dev:   Device to move in dpm_list
145  */
146 void device_pm_move_last(struct device *dev)
147 {
148 	pr_debug("PM: Moving %s:%s to end of list\n",
149 		 dev->bus ? dev->bus->name : "No Bus",
150 		 kobject_name(&dev->kobj));
151 	list_move_tail(&dev->power.entry, &dpm_list);
152 }
153 
154 /**
155  *	pm_op - execute the PM operation appropiate for given PM event
156  *	@dev:	Device.
157  *	@ops:	PM operations to choose from.
158  *	@state:	PM transition of the system being carried out.
159  */
160 static int pm_op(struct device *dev, struct dev_pm_ops *ops,
161 			pm_message_t state)
162 {
163 	int error = 0;
164 
165 	switch (state.event) {
166 #ifdef CONFIG_SUSPEND
167 	case PM_EVENT_SUSPEND:
168 		if (ops->suspend) {
169 			error = ops->suspend(dev);
170 			suspend_report_result(ops->suspend, error);
171 		}
172 		break;
173 	case PM_EVENT_RESUME:
174 		if (ops->resume) {
175 			error = ops->resume(dev);
176 			suspend_report_result(ops->resume, error);
177 		}
178 		break;
179 #endif /* CONFIG_SUSPEND */
180 #ifdef CONFIG_HIBERNATION
181 	case PM_EVENT_FREEZE:
182 	case PM_EVENT_QUIESCE:
183 		if (ops->freeze) {
184 			error = ops->freeze(dev);
185 			suspend_report_result(ops->freeze, error);
186 		}
187 		break;
188 	case PM_EVENT_HIBERNATE:
189 		if (ops->poweroff) {
190 			error = ops->poweroff(dev);
191 			suspend_report_result(ops->poweroff, error);
192 		}
193 		break;
194 	case PM_EVENT_THAW:
195 	case PM_EVENT_RECOVER:
196 		if (ops->thaw) {
197 			error = ops->thaw(dev);
198 			suspend_report_result(ops->thaw, error);
199 		}
200 		break;
201 	case PM_EVENT_RESTORE:
202 		if (ops->restore) {
203 			error = ops->restore(dev);
204 			suspend_report_result(ops->restore, error);
205 		}
206 		break;
207 #endif /* CONFIG_HIBERNATION */
208 	default:
209 		error = -EINVAL;
210 	}
211 	return error;
212 }
213 
214 /**
215  *	pm_noirq_op - execute the PM operation appropiate for given PM event
216  *	@dev:	Device.
217  *	@ops:	PM operations to choose from.
218  *	@state: PM transition of the system being carried out.
219  *
220  *	The operation is executed with interrupts disabled by the only remaining
221  *	functional CPU in the system.
222  */
223 static int pm_noirq_op(struct device *dev, struct dev_pm_ops *ops,
224 			pm_message_t state)
225 {
226 	int error = 0;
227 
228 	switch (state.event) {
229 #ifdef CONFIG_SUSPEND
230 	case PM_EVENT_SUSPEND:
231 		if (ops->suspend_noirq) {
232 			error = ops->suspend_noirq(dev);
233 			suspend_report_result(ops->suspend_noirq, error);
234 		}
235 		break;
236 	case PM_EVENT_RESUME:
237 		if (ops->resume_noirq) {
238 			error = ops->resume_noirq(dev);
239 			suspend_report_result(ops->resume_noirq, error);
240 		}
241 		break;
242 #endif /* CONFIG_SUSPEND */
243 #ifdef CONFIG_HIBERNATION
244 	case PM_EVENT_FREEZE:
245 	case PM_EVENT_QUIESCE:
246 		if (ops->freeze_noirq) {
247 			error = ops->freeze_noirq(dev);
248 			suspend_report_result(ops->freeze_noirq, error);
249 		}
250 		break;
251 	case PM_EVENT_HIBERNATE:
252 		if (ops->poweroff_noirq) {
253 			error = ops->poweroff_noirq(dev);
254 			suspend_report_result(ops->poweroff_noirq, error);
255 		}
256 		break;
257 	case PM_EVENT_THAW:
258 	case PM_EVENT_RECOVER:
259 		if (ops->thaw_noirq) {
260 			error = ops->thaw_noirq(dev);
261 			suspend_report_result(ops->thaw_noirq, error);
262 		}
263 		break;
264 	case PM_EVENT_RESTORE:
265 		if (ops->restore_noirq) {
266 			error = ops->restore_noirq(dev);
267 			suspend_report_result(ops->restore_noirq, error);
268 		}
269 		break;
270 #endif /* CONFIG_HIBERNATION */
271 	default:
272 		error = -EINVAL;
273 	}
274 	return error;
275 }
276 
277 static char *pm_verb(int event)
278 {
279 	switch (event) {
280 	case PM_EVENT_SUSPEND:
281 		return "suspend";
282 	case PM_EVENT_RESUME:
283 		return "resume";
284 	case PM_EVENT_FREEZE:
285 		return "freeze";
286 	case PM_EVENT_QUIESCE:
287 		return "quiesce";
288 	case PM_EVENT_HIBERNATE:
289 		return "hibernate";
290 	case PM_EVENT_THAW:
291 		return "thaw";
292 	case PM_EVENT_RESTORE:
293 		return "restore";
294 	case PM_EVENT_RECOVER:
295 		return "recover";
296 	default:
297 		return "(unknown PM event)";
298 	}
299 }
300 
301 static void pm_dev_dbg(struct device *dev, pm_message_t state, char *info)
302 {
303 	dev_dbg(dev, "%s%s%s\n", info, pm_verb(state.event),
304 		((state.event & PM_EVENT_SLEEP) && device_may_wakeup(dev)) ?
305 		", may wakeup" : "");
306 }
307 
308 static void pm_dev_err(struct device *dev, pm_message_t state, char *info,
309 			int error)
310 {
311 	printk(KERN_ERR "PM: Device %s failed to %s%s: error %d\n",
312 		kobject_name(&dev->kobj), pm_verb(state.event), info, error);
313 }
314 
315 /*------------------------- Resume routines -------------------------*/
316 
317 /**
318  *	device_resume_noirq - Power on one device (early resume).
319  *	@dev:	Device.
320  *	@state: PM transition of the system being carried out.
321  *
322  *	Must be called with interrupts disabled.
323  */
324 static int device_resume_noirq(struct device *dev, pm_message_t state)
325 {
326 	int error = 0;
327 
328 	TRACE_DEVICE(dev);
329 	TRACE_RESUME(0);
330 
331 	if (!dev->bus)
332 		goto End;
333 
334 	if (dev->bus->pm) {
335 		pm_dev_dbg(dev, state, "EARLY ");
336 		error = pm_noirq_op(dev, dev->bus->pm, state);
337 	}
338  End:
339 	TRACE_RESUME(error);
340 	return error;
341 }
342 
343 /**
344  *	dpm_resume_noirq - Power on all regular (non-sysdev) devices.
345  *	@state: PM transition of the system being carried out.
346  *
347  *	Call the "noirq" resume handlers for all devices marked as
348  *	DPM_OFF_IRQ and enable device drivers to receive interrupts.
349  *
350  *	Must be called under dpm_list_mtx.  Device drivers should not receive
351  *	interrupts while it's being executed.
352  */
353 void dpm_resume_noirq(pm_message_t state)
354 {
355 	struct device *dev;
356 
357 	mutex_lock(&dpm_list_mtx);
358 	list_for_each_entry(dev, &dpm_list, power.entry)
359 		if (dev->power.status > DPM_OFF) {
360 			int error;
361 
362 			dev->power.status = DPM_OFF;
363 			error = device_resume_noirq(dev, state);
364 			if (error)
365 				pm_dev_err(dev, state, " early", error);
366 		}
367 	mutex_unlock(&dpm_list_mtx);
368 	resume_device_irqs();
369 }
370 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(dpm_resume_noirq);
371 
372 /**
373  *	device_resume - Restore state for one device.
374  *	@dev:	Device.
375  *	@state: PM transition of the system being carried out.
376  */
377 static int device_resume(struct device *dev, pm_message_t state)
378 {
379 	int error = 0;
380 
381 	TRACE_DEVICE(dev);
382 	TRACE_RESUME(0);
383 
384 	down(&dev->sem);
385 
386 	if (dev->bus) {
387 		if (dev->bus->pm) {
388 			pm_dev_dbg(dev, state, "");
389 			error = pm_op(dev, dev->bus->pm, state);
390 		} else if (dev->bus->resume) {
391 			pm_dev_dbg(dev, state, "legacy ");
392 			error = dev->bus->resume(dev);
393 		}
394 		if (error)
395 			goto End;
396 	}
397 
398 	if (dev->type) {
399 		if (dev->type->pm) {
400 			pm_dev_dbg(dev, state, "type ");
401 			error = pm_op(dev, dev->type->pm, state);
402 		}
403 		if (error)
404 			goto End;
405 	}
406 
407 	if (dev->class) {
408 		if (dev->class->pm) {
409 			pm_dev_dbg(dev, state, "class ");
410 			error = pm_op(dev, dev->class->pm, state);
411 		} else if (dev->class->resume) {
412 			pm_dev_dbg(dev, state, "legacy class ");
413 			error = dev->class->resume(dev);
414 		}
415 	}
416  End:
417 	up(&dev->sem);
418 
419 	TRACE_RESUME(error);
420 	return error;
421 }
422 
423 /**
424  *	dpm_resume - Resume every device.
425  *	@state: PM transition of the system being carried out.
426  *
427  *	Execute the appropriate "resume" callback for all devices the status of
428  *	which indicates that they are inactive.
429  */
430 static void dpm_resume(pm_message_t state)
431 {
432 	struct list_head list;
433 
434 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&list);
435 	mutex_lock(&dpm_list_mtx);
436 	transition_started = false;
437 	while (!list_empty(&dpm_list)) {
438 		struct device *dev = to_device(dpm_list.next);
439 
440 		get_device(dev);
441 		if (dev->power.status >= DPM_OFF) {
442 			int error;
443 
444 			dev->power.status = DPM_RESUMING;
445 			mutex_unlock(&dpm_list_mtx);
446 
447 			error = device_resume(dev, state);
448 
449 			mutex_lock(&dpm_list_mtx);
450 			if (error)
451 				pm_dev_err(dev, state, "", error);
452 		} else if (dev->power.status == DPM_SUSPENDING) {
453 			/* Allow new children of the device to be registered */
454 			dev->power.status = DPM_RESUMING;
455 		}
456 		if (!list_empty(&dev->power.entry))
457 			list_move_tail(&dev->power.entry, &list);
458 		put_device(dev);
459 	}
460 	list_splice(&list, &dpm_list);
461 	mutex_unlock(&dpm_list_mtx);
462 }
463 
464 /**
465  *	device_complete - Complete a PM transition for given device
466  *	@dev:	Device.
467  *	@state: PM transition of the system being carried out.
468  */
469 static void device_complete(struct device *dev, pm_message_t state)
470 {
471 	down(&dev->sem);
472 
473 	if (dev->class && dev->class->pm && dev->class->pm->complete) {
474 		pm_dev_dbg(dev, state, "completing class ");
475 		dev->class->pm->complete(dev);
476 	}
477 
478 	if (dev->type && dev->type->pm && dev->type->pm->complete) {
479 		pm_dev_dbg(dev, state, "completing type ");
480 		dev->type->pm->complete(dev);
481 	}
482 
483 	if (dev->bus && dev->bus->pm && dev->bus->pm->complete) {
484 		pm_dev_dbg(dev, state, "completing ");
485 		dev->bus->pm->complete(dev);
486 	}
487 
488 	up(&dev->sem);
489 }
490 
491 /**
492  *	dpm_complete - Complete a PM transition for all devices.
493  *	@state: PM transition of the system being carried out.
494  *
495  *	Execute the ->complete() callbacks for all devices that are not marked
496  *	as DPM_ON.
497  */
498 static void dpm_complete(pm_message_t state)
499 {
500 	struct list_head list;
501 
502 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&list);
503 	mutex_lock(&dpm_list_mtx);
504 	while (!list_empty(&dpm_list)) {
505 		struct device *dev = to_device(dpm_list.prev);
506 
507 		get_device(dev);
508 		if (dev->power.status > DPM_ON) {
509 			dev->power.status = DPM_ON;
510 			mutex_unlock(&dpm_list_mtx);
511 
512 			device_complete(dev, state);
513 
514 			mutex_lock(&dpm_list_mtx);
515 		}
516 		if (!list_empty(&dev->power.entry))
517 			list_move(&dev->power.entry, &list);
518 		put_device(dev);
519 	}
520 	list_splice(&list, &dpm_list);
521 	mutex_unlock(&dpm_list_mtx);
522 }
523 
524 /**
525  *	dpm_resume_end - Restore state of each device in system.
526  *	@state: PM transition of the system being carried out.
527  *
528  *	Resume all the devices, unlock them all, and allow new
529  *	devices to be registered once again.
530  */
531 void dpm_resume_end(pm_message_t state)
532 {
533 	might_sleep();
534 	dpm_resume(state);
535 	dpm_complete(state);
536 }
537 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(dpm_resume_end);
538 
539 
540 /*------------------------- Suspend routines -------------------------*/
541 
542 /**
543  *	resume_event - return a PM message representing the resume event
544  *	               corresponding to given sleep state.
545  *	@sleep_state: PM message representing a sleep state.
546  */
547 static pm_message_t resume_event(pm_message_t sleep_state)
548 {
549 	switch (sleep_state.event) {
550 	case PM_EVENT_SUSPEND:
551 		return PMSG_RESUME;
552 	case PM_EVENT_FREEZE:
553 	case PM_EVENT_QUIESCE:
554 		return PMSG_RECOVER;
555 	case PM_EVENT_HIBERNATE:
556 		return PMSG_RESTORE;
557 	}
558 	return PMSG_ON;
559 }
560 
561 /**
562  *	device_suspend_noirq - Shut down one device (late suspend).
563  *	@dev:	Device.
564  *	@state: PM transition of the system being carried out.
565  *
566  *	This is called with interrupts off and only a single CPU running.
567  */
568 static int device_suspend_noirq(struct device *dev, pm_message_t state)
569 {
570 	int error = 0;
571 
572 	if (!dev->bus)
573 		return 0;
574 
575 	if (dev->bus->pm) {
576 		pm_dev_dbg(dev, state, "LATE ");
577 		error = pm_noirq_op(dev, dev->bus->pm, state);
578 	}
579 	return error;
580 }
581 
582 /**
583  *	dpm_suspend_noirq - Power down all regular (non-sysdev) devices.
584  *	@state: PM transition of the system being carried out.
585  *
586  *	Prevent device drivers from receiving interrupts and call the "noirq"
587  *	suspend handlers.
588  *
589  *	Must be called under dpm_list_mtx.
590  */
591 int dpm_suspend_noirq(pm_message_t state)
592 {
593 	struct device *dev;
594 	int error = 0;
595 
596 	suspend_device_irqs();
597 	mutex_lock(&dpm_list_mtx);
598 	list_for_each_entry_reverse(dev, &dpm_list, power.entry) {
599 		error = device_suspend_noirq(dev, state);
600 		if (error) {
601 			pm_dev_err(dev, state, " late", error);
602 			break;
603 		}
604 		dev->power.status = DPM_OFF_IRQ;
605 	}
606 	mutex_unlock(&dpm_list_mtx);
607 	if (error)
608 		dpm_resume_noirq(resume_event(state));
609 	return error;
610 }
611 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(dpm_suspend_noirq);
612 
613 /**
614  *	device_suspend - Save state of one device.
615  *	@dev:	Device.
616  *	@state: PM transition of the system being carried out.
617  */
618 static int device_suspend(struct device *dev, pm_message_t state)
619 {
620 	int error = 0;
621 
622 	down(&dev->sem);
623 
624 	if (dev->class) {
625 		if (dev->class->pm) {
626 			pm_dev_dbg(dev, state, "class ");
627 			error = pm_op(dev, dev->class->pm, state);
628 		} else if (dev->class->suspend) {
629 			pm_dev_dbg(dev, state, "legacy class ");
630 			error = dev->class->suspend(dev, state);
631 			suspend_report_result(dev->class->suspend, error);
632 		}
633 		if (error)
634 			goto End;
635 	}
636 
637 	if (dev->type) {
638 		if (dev->type->pm) {
639 			pm_dev_dbg(dev, state, "type ");
640 			error = pm_op(dev, dev->type->pm, state);
641 		}
642 		if (error)
643 			goto End;
644 	}
645 
646 	if (dev->bus) {
647 		if (dev->bus->pm) {
648 			pm_dev_dbg(dev, state, "");
649 			error = pm_op(dev, dev->bus->pm, state);
650 		} else if (dev->bus->suspend) {
651 			pm_dev_dbg(dev, state, "legacy ");
652 			error = dev->bus->suspend(dev, state);
653 			suspend_report_result(dev->bus->suspend, error);
654 		}
655 	}
656  End:
657 	up(&dev->sem);
658 
659 	return error;
660 }
661 
662 /**
663  *	dpm_suspend - Suspend every device.
664  *	@state: PM transition of the system being carried out.
665  *
666  *	Execute the appropriate "suspend" callbacks for all devices.
667  */
668 static int dpm_suspend(pm_message_t state)
669 {
670 	struct list_head list;
671 	int error = 0;
672 
673 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&list);
674 	mutex_lock(&dpm_list_mtx);
675 	while (!list_empty(&dpm_list)) {
676 		struct device *dev = to_device(dpm_list.prev);
677 
678 		get_device(dev);
679 		mutex_unlock(&dpm_list_mtx);
680 
681 		error = device_suspend(dev, state);
682 
683 		mutex_lock(&dpm_list_mtx);
684 		if (error) {
685 			pm_dev_err(dev, state, "", error);
686 			put_device(dev);
687 			break;
688 		}
689 		dev->power.status = DPM_OFF;
690 		if (!list_empty(&dev->power.entry))
691 			list_move(&dev->power.entry, &list);
692 		put_device(dev);
693 	}
694 	list_splice(&list, dpm_list.prev);
695 	mutex_unlock(&dpm_list_mtx);
696 	return error;
697 }
698 
699 /**
700  *	device_prepare - Execute the ->prepare() callback(s) for given device.
701  *	@dev:	Device.
702  *	@state: PM transition of the system being carried out.
703  */
704 static int device_prepare(struct device *dev, pm_message_t state)
705 {
706 	int error = 0;
707 
708 	down(&dev->sem);
709 
710 	if (dev->bus && dev->bus->pm && dev->bus->pm->prepare) {
711 		pm_dev_dbg(dev, state, "preparing ");
712 		error = dev->bus->pm->prepare(dev);
713 		suspend_report_result(dev->bus->pm->prepare, error);
714 		if (error)
715 			goto End;
716 	}
717 
718 	if (dev->type && dev->type->pm && dev->type->pm->prepare) {
719 		pm_dev_dbg(dev, state, "preparing type ");
720 		error = dev->type->pm->prepare(dev);
721 		suspend_report_result(dev->type->pm->prepare, error);
722 		if (error)
723 			goto End;
724 	}
725 
726 	if (dev->class && dev->class->pm && dev->class->pm->prepare) {
727 		pm_dev_dbg(dev, state, "preparing class ");
728 		error = dev->class->pm->prepare(dev);
729 		suspend_report_result(dev->class->pm->prepare, error);
730 	}
731  End:
732 	up(&dev->sem);
733 
734 	return error;
735 }
736 
737 /**
738  *	dpm_prepare - Prepare all devices for a PM transition.
739  *	@state: PM transition of the system being carried out.
740  *
741  *	Execute the ->prepare() callback for all devices.
742  */
743 static int dpm_prepare(pm_message_t state)
744 {
745 	struct list_head list;
746 	int error = 0;
747 
748 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&list);
749 	mutex_lock(&dpm_list_mtx);
750 	transition_started = true;
751 	while (!list_empty(&dpm_list)) {
752 		struct device *dev = to_device(dpm_list.next);
753 
754 		get_device(dev);
755 		dev->power.status = DPM_PREPARING;
756 		mutex_unlock(&dpm_list_mtx);
757 
758 		error = device_prepare(dev, state);
759 
760 		mutex_lock(&dpm_list_mtx);
761 		if (error) {
762 			dev->power.status = DPM_ON;
763 			if (error == -EAGAIN) {
764 				put_device(dev);
765 				error = 0;
766 				continue;
767 			}
768 			printk(KERN_ERR "PM: Failed to prepare device %s "
769 				"for power transition: error %d\n",
770 				kobject_name(&dev->kobj), error);
771 			put_device(dev);
772 			break;
773 		}
774 		dev->power.status = DPM_SUSPENDING;
775 		if (!list_empty(&dev->power.entry))
776 			list_move_tail(&dev->power.entry, &list);
777 		put_device(dev);
778 	}
779 	list_splice(&list, &dpm_list);
780 	mutex_unlock(&dpm_list_mtx);
781 	return error;
782 }
783 
784 /**
785  *	dpm_suspend_start - Save state and stop all devices in system.
786  *	@state: PM transition of the system being carried out.
787  *
788  *	Prepare and suspend all devices.
789  */
790 int dpm_suspend_start(pm_message_t state)
791 {
792 	int error;
793 
794 	might_sleep();
795 	error = dpm_prepare(state);
796 	if (!error)
797 		error = dpm_suspend(state);
798 	return error;
799 }
800 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(dpm_suspend_start);
801 
802 void __suspend_report_result(const char *function, void *fn, int ret)
803 {
804 	if (ret)
805 		printk(KERN_ERR "%s(): %pF returns %d\n", function, fn, ret);
806 }
807 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__suspend_report_result);
808