xref: /linux/drivers/base/power/main.c (revision 0c93ea4064a209cdc36de8a9a3003d43d08f46f7)
1 /*
2  * drivers/base/power/main.c - Where the driver meets power management.
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2003 Patrick Mochel
5  * Copyright (c) 2003 Open Source Development Lab
6  *
7  * This file is released under the GPLv2
8  *
9  *
10  * The driver model core calls device_pm_add() when a device is registered.
11  * This will intialize the embedded device_pm_info object in the device
12  * and add it to the list of power-controlled devices. sysfs entries for
13  * controlling device power management will also be added.
14  *
15  * A separate list is used for keeping track of power info, because the power
16  * domain dependencies may differ from the ancestral dependencies that the
17  * subsystem list maintains.
18  */
19 
20 #include <linux/device.h>
21 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
22 #include <linux/mutex.h>
23 #include <linux/pm.h>
24 #include <linux/resume-trace.h>
25 #include <linux/rwsem.h>
26 
27 #include "../base.h"
28 #include "power.h"
29 
30 /*
31  * The entries in the dpm_list list are in a depth first order, simply
32  * because children are guaranteed to be discovered after parents, and
33  * are inserted at the back of the list on discovery.
34  *
35  * Since device_pm_add() may be called with a device semaphore held,
36  * we must never try to acquire a device semaphore while holding
37  * dpm_list_mutex.
38  */
39 
40 LIST_HEAD(dpm_list);
41 
42 static DEFINE_MUTEX(dpm_list_mtx);
43 
44 /*
45  * Set once the preparation of devices for a PM transition has started, reset
46  * before starting to resume devices.  Protected by dpm_list_mtx.
47  */
48 static bool transition_started;
49 
50 /**
51  *	device_pm_lock - lock the list of active devices used by the PM core
52  */
53 void device_pm_lock(void)
54 {
55 	mutex_lock(&dpm_list_mtx);
56 }
57 
58 /**
59  *	device_pm_unlock - unlock the list of active devices used by the PM core
60  */
61 void device_pm_unlock(void)
62 {
63 	mutex_unlock(&dpm_list_mtx);
64 }
65 
66 /**
67  *	device_pm_add - add a device to the list of active devices
68  *	@dev:	Device to be added to the list
69  */
70 void device_pm_add(struct device *dev)
71 {
72 	pr_debug("PM: Adding info for %s:%s\n",
73 		 dev->bus ? dev->bus->name : "No Bus",
74 		 kobject_name(&dev->kobj));
75 	mutex_lock(&dpm_list_mtx);
76 	if (dev->parent) {
77 		if (dev->parent->power.status >= DPM_SUSPENDING)
78 			dev_warn(dev, "parent %s should not be sleeping\n",
79 				 dev_name(dev->parent));
80 	} else if (transition_started) {
81 		/*
82 		 * We refuse to register parentless devices while a PM
83 		 * transition is in progress in order to avoid leaving them
84 		 * unhandled down the road
85 		 */
86 		dev_WARN(dev, "Parentless device registered during a PM transaction\n");
87 	}
88 
89 	list_add_tail(&dev->power.entry, &dpm_list);
90 	mutex_unlock(&dpm_list_mtx);
91 }
92 
93 /**
94  *	device_pm_remove - remove a device from the list of active devices
95  *	@dev:	Device to be removed from the list
96  *
97  *	This function also removes the device's PM-related sysfs attributes.
98  */
99 void device_pm_remove(struct device *dev)
100 {
101 	pr_debug("PM: Removing info for %s:%s\n",
102 		 dev->bus ? dev->bus->name : "No Bus",
103 		 kobject_name(&dev->kobj));
104 	mutex_lock(&dpm_list_mtx);
105 	list_del_init(&dev->power.entry);
106 	mutex_unlock(&dpm_list_mtx);
107 }
108 
109 /**
110  *	device_pm_move_before - move device in dpm_list
111  *	@deva:  Device to move in dpm_list
112  *	@devb:  Device @deva should come before
113  */
114 void device_pm_move_before(struct device *deva, struct device *devb)
115 {
116 	pr_debug("PM: Moving %s:%s before %s:%s\n",
117 		 deva->bus ? deva->bus->name : "No Bus",
118 		 kobject_name(&deva->kobj),
119 		 devb->bus ? devb->bus->name : "No Bus",
120 		 kobject_name(&devb->kobj));
121 	/* Delete deva from dpm_list and reinsert before devb. */
122 	list_move_tail(&deva->power.entry, &devb->power.entry);
123 }
124 
125 /**
126  *	device_pm_move_after - move device in dpm_list
127  *	@deva:  Device to move in dpm_list
128  *	@devb:  Device @deva should come after
129  */
130 void device_pm_move_after(struct device *deva, struct device *devb)
131 {
132 	pr_debug("PM: Moving %s:%s after %s:%s\n",
133 		 deva->bus ? deva->bus->name : "No Bus",
134 		 kobject_name(&deva->kobj),
135 		 devb->bus ? devb->bus->name : "No Bus",
136 		 kobject_name(&devb->kobj));
137 	/* Delete deva from dpm_list and reinsert after devb. */
138 	list_move(&deva->power.entry, &devb->power.entry);
139 }
140 
141 /**
142  * 	device_pm_move_last - move device to end of dpm_list
143  * 	@dev:   Device to move in dpm_list
144  */
145 void device_pm_move_last(struct device *dev)
146 {
147 	pr_debug("PM: Moving %s:%s to end of list\n",
148 		 dev->bus ? dev->bus->name : "No Bus",
149 		 kobject_name(&dev->kobj));
150 	list_move_tail(&dev->power.entry, &dpm_list);
151 }
152 
153 /**
154  *	pm_op - execute the PM operation appropiate for given PM event
155  *	@dev:	Device.
156  *	@ops:	PM operations to choose from.
157  *	@state:	PM transition of the system being carried out.
158  */
159 static int pm_op(struct device *dev, struct dev_pm_ops *ops,
160 			pm_message_t state)
161 {
162 	int error = 0;
163 
164 	switch (state.event) {
165 #ifdef CONFIG_SUSPEND
166 	case PM_EVENT_SUSPEND:
167 		if (ops->suspend) {
168 			error = ops->suspend(dev);
169 			suspend_report_result(ops->suspend, error);
170 		}
171 		break;
172 	case PM_EVENT_RESUME:
173 		if (ops->resume) {
174 			error = ops->resume(dev);
175 			suspend_report_result(ops->resume, error);
176 		}
177 		break;
178 #endif /* CONFIG_SUSPEND */
179 #ifdef CONFIG_HIBERNATION
180 	case PM_EVENT_FREEZE:
181 	case PM_EVENT_QUIESCE:
182 		if (ops->freeze) {
183 			error = ops->freeze(dev);
184 			suspend_report_result(ops->freeze, error);
185 		}
186 		break;
187 	case PM_EVENT_HIBERNATE:
188 		if (ops->poweroff) {
189 			error = ops->poweroff(dev);
190 			suspend_report_result(ops->poweroff, error);
191 		}
192 		break;
193 	case PM_EVENT_THAW:
194 	case PM_EVENT_RECOVER:
195 		if (ops->thaw) {
196 			error = ops->thaw(dev);
197 			suspend_report_result(ops->thaw, error);
198 		}
199 		break;
200 	case PM_EVENT_RESTORE:
201 		if (ops->restore) {
202 			error = ops->restore(dev);
203 			suspend_report_result(ops->restore, error);
204 		}
205 		break;
206 #endif /* CONFIG_HIBERNATION */
207 	default:
208 		error = -EINVAL;
209 	}
210 	return error;
211 }
212 
213 /**
214  *	pm_noirq_op - execute the PM operation appropiate for given PM event
215  *	@dev:	Device.
216  *	@ops:	PM operations to choose from.
217  *	@state: PM transition of the system being carried out.
218  *
219  *	The operation is executed with interrupts disabled by the only remaining
220  *	functional CPU in the system.
221  */
222 static int pm_noirq_op(struct device *dev, struct dev_pm_ops *ops,
223 			pm_message_t state)
224 {
225 	int error = 0;
226 
227 	switch (state.event) {
228 #ifdef CONFIG_SUSPEND
229 	case PM_EVENT_SUSPEND:
230 		if (ops->suspend_noirq) {
231 			error = ops->suspend_noirq(dev);
232 			suspend_report_result(ops->suspend_noirq, error);
233 		}
234 		break;
235 	case PM_EVENT_RESUME:
236 		if (ops->resume_noirq) {
237 			error = ops->resume_noirq(dev);
238 			suspend_report_result(ops->resume_noirq, error);
239 		}
240 		break;
241 #endif /* CONFIG_SUSPEND */
242 #ifdef CONFIG_HIBERNATION
243 	case PM_EVENT_FREEZE:
244 	case PM_EVENT_QUIESCE:
245 		if (ops->freeze_noirq) {
246 			error = ops->freeze_noirq(dev);
247 			suspend_report_result(ops->freeze_noirq, error);
248 		}
249 		break;
250 	case PM_EVENT_HIBERNATE:
251 		if (ops->poweroff_noirq) {
252 			error = ops->poweroff_noirq(dev);
253 			suspend_report_result(ops->poweroff_noirq, error);
254 		}
255 		break;
256 	case PM_EVENT_THAW:
257 	case PM_EVENT_RECOVER:
258 		if (ops->thaw_noirq) {
259 			error = ops->thaw_noirq(dev);
260 			suspend_report_result(ops->thaw_noirq, error);
261 		}
262 		break;
263 	case PM_EVENT_RESTORE:
264 		if (ops->restore_noirq) {
265 			error = ops->restore_noirq(dev);
266 			suspend_report_result(ops->restore_noirq, error);
267 		}
268 		break;
269 #endif /* CONFIG_HIBERNATION */
270 	default:
271 		error = -EINVAL;
272 	}
273 	return error;
274 }
275 
276 static char *pm_verb(int event)
277 {
278 	switch (event) {
279 	case PM_EVENT_SUSPEND:
280 		return "suspend";
281 	case PM_EVENT_RESUME:
282 		return "resume";
283 	case PM_EVENT_FREEZE:
284 		return "freeze";
285 	case PM_EVENT_QUIESCE:
286 		return "quiesce";
287 	case PM_EVENT_HIBERNATE:
288 		return "hibernate";
289 	case PM_EVENT_THAW:
290 		return "thaw";
291 	case PM_EVENT_RESTORE:
292 		return "restore";
293 	case PM_EVENT_RECOVER:
294 		return "recover";
295 	default:
296 		return "(unknown PM event)";
297 	}
298 }
299 
300 static void pm_dev_dbg(struct device *dev, pm_message_t state, char *info)
301 {
302 	dev_dbg(dev, "%s%s%s\n", info, pm_verb(state.event),
303 		((state.event & PM_EVENT_SLEEP) && device_may_wakeup(dev)) ?
304 		", may wakeup" : "");
305 }
306 
307 static void pm_dev_err(struct device *dev, pm_message_t state, char *info,
308 			int error)
309 {
310 	printk(KERN_ERR "PM: Device %s failed to %s%s: error %d\n",
311 		kobject_name(&dev->kobj), pm_verb(state.event), info, error);
312 }
313 
314 /*------------------------- Resume routines -------------------------*/
315 
316 /**
317  *	resume_device_noirq - Power on one device (early resume).
318  *	@dev:	Device.
319  *	@state: PM transition of the system being carried out.
320  *
321  *	Must be called with interrupts disabled.
322  */
323 static int resume_device_noirq(struct device *dev, pm_message_t state)
324 {
325 	int error = 0;
326 
327 	TRACE_DEVICE(dev);
328 	TRACE_RESUME(0);
329 
330 	if (!dev->bus)
331 		goto End;
332 
333 	if (dev->bus->pm) {
334 		pm_dev_dbg(dev, state, "EARLY ");
335 		error = pm_noirq_op(dev, dev->bus->pm, state);
336 	} else if (dev->bus->resume_early) {
337 		pm_dev_dbg(dev, state, "legacy EARLY ");
338 		error = dev->bus->resume_early(dev);
339 	}
340  End:
341 	TRACE_RESUME(error);
342 	return error;
343 }
344 
345 /**
346  *	dpm_power_up - Power on all regular (non-sysdev) devices.
347  *	@state: PM transition of the system being carried out.
348  *
349  *	Execute the appropriate "noirq resume" callback for all devices marked
350  *	as DPM_OFF_IRQ.
351  *
352  *	Must be called with interrupts disabled and only one CPU running.
353  */
354 static void dpm_power_up(pm_message_t state)
355 {
356 	struct device *dev;
357 
358 	list_for_each_entry(dev, &dpm_list, power.entry)
359 		if (dev->power.status > DPM_OFF) {
360 			int error;
361 
362 			dev->power.status = DPM_OFF;
363 			error = resume_device_noirq(dev, state);
364 			if (error)
365 				pm_dev_err(dev, state, " early", error);
366 		}
367 }
368 
369 /**
370  *	device_power_up - Turn on all devices that need special attention.
371  *	@state: PM transition of the system being carried out.
372  *
373  *	Power on system devices, then devices that required we shut them down
374  *	with interrupts disabled.
375  *
376  *	Must be called with interrupts disabled.
377  */
378 void device_power_up(pm_message_t state)
379 {
380 	dpm_power_up(state);
381 }
382 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(device_power_up);
383 
384 /**
385  *	resume_device - Restore state for one device.
386  *	@dev:	Device.
387  *	@state: PM transition of the system being carried out.
388  */
389 static int resume_device(struct device *dev, pm_message_t state)
390 {
391 	int error = 0;
392 
393 	TRACE_DEVICE(dev);
394 	TRACE_RESUME(0);
395 
396 	down(&dev->sem);
397 
398 	if (dev->bus) {
399 		if (dev->bus->pm) {
400 			pm_dev_dbg(dev, state, "");
401 			error = pm_op(dev, dev->bus->pm, state);
402 		} else if (dev->bus->resume) {
403 			pm_dev_dbg(dev, state, "legacy ");
404 			error = dev->bus->resume(dev);
405 		}
406 		if (error)
407 			goto End;
408 	}
409 
410 	if (dev->type) {
411 		if (dev->type->pm) {
412 			pm_dev_dbg(dev, state, "type ");
413 			error = pm_op(dev, dev->type->pm, state);
414 		} else if (dev->type->resume) {
415 			pm_dev_dbg(dev, state, "legacy type ");
416 			error = dev->type->resume(dev);
417 		}
418 		if (error)
419 			goto End;
420 	}
421 
422 	if (dev->class) {
423 		if (dev->class->pm) {
424 			pm_dev_dbg(dev, state, "class ");
425 			error = pm_op(dev, dev->class->pm, state);
426 		} else if (dev->class->resume) {
427 			pm_dev_dbg(dev, state, "legacy class ");
428 			error = dev->class->resume(dev);
429 		}
430 	}
431  End:
432 	up(&dev->sem);
433 
434 	TRACE_RESUME(error);
435 	return error;
436 }
437 
438 /**
439  *	dpm_resume - Resume every device.
440  *	@state: PM transition of the system being carried out.
441  *
442  *	Execute the appropriate "resume" callback for all devices the status of
443  *	which indicates that they are inactive.
444  */
445 static void dpm_resume(pm_message_t state)
446 {
447 	struct list_head list;
448 
449 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&list);
450 	mutex_lock(&dpm_list_mtx);
451 	transition_started = false;
452 	while (!list_empty(&dpm_list)) {
453 		struct device *dev = to_device(dpm_list.next);
454 
455 		get_device(dev);
456 		if (dev->power.status >= DPM_OFF) {
457 			int error;
458 
459 			dev->power.status = DPM_RESUMING;
460 			mutex_unlock(&dpm_list_mtx);
461 
462 			error = resume_device(dev, state);
463 
464 			mutex_lock(&dpm_list_mtx);
465 			if (error)
466 				pm_dev_err(dev, state, "", error);
467 		} else if (dev->power.status == DPM_SUSPENDING) {
468 			/* Allow new children of the device to be registered */
469 			dev->power.status = DPM_RESUMING;
470 		}
471 		if (!list_empty(&dev->power.entry))
472 			list_move_tail(&dev->power.entry, &list);
473 		put_device(dev);
474 	}
475 	list_splice(&list, &dpm_list);
476 	mutex_unlock(&dpm_list_mtx);
477 }
478 
479 /**
480  *	complete_device - Complete a PM transition for given device
481  *	@dev:	Device.
482  *	@state: PM transition of the system being carried out.
483  */
484 static void complete_device(struct device *dev, pm_message_t state)
485 {
486 	down(&dev->sem);
487 
488 	if (dev->class && dev->class->pm && dev->class->pm->complete) {
489 		pm_dev_dbg(dev, state, "completing class ");
490 		dev->class->pm->complete(dev);
491 	}
492 
493 	if (dev->type && dev->type->pm && dev->type->pm->complete) {
494 		pm_dev_dbg(dev, state, "completing type ");
495 		dev->type->pm->complete(dev);
496 	}
497 
498 	if (dev->bus && dev->bus->pm && dev->bus->pm->complete) {
499 		pm_dev_dbg(dev, state, "completing ");
500 		dev->bus->pm->complete(dev);
501 	}
502 
503 	up(&dev->sem);
504 }
505 
506 /**
507  *	dpm_complete - Complete a PM transition for all devices.
508  *	@state: PM transition of the system being carried out.
509  *
510  *	Execute the ->complete() callbacks for all devices that are not marked
511  *	as DPM_ON.
512  */
513 static void dpm_complete(pm_message_t state)
514 {
515 	struct list_head list;
516 
517 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&list);
518 	mutex_lock(&dpm_list_mtx);
519 	while (!list_empty(&dpm_list)) {
520 		struct device *dev = to_device(dpm_list.prev);
521 
522 		get_device(dev);
523 		if (dev->power.status > DPM_ON) {
524 			dev->power.status = DPM_ON;
525 			mutex_unlock(&dpm_list_mtx);
526 
527 			complete_device(dev, state);
528 
529 			mutex_lock(&dpm_list_mtx);
530 		}
531 		if (!list_empty(&dev->power.entry))
532 			list_move(&dev->power.entry, &list);
533 		put_device(dev);
534 	}
535 	list_splice(&list, &dpm_list);
536 	mutex_unlock(&dpm_list_mtx);
537 }
538 
539 /**
540  *	device_resume - Restore state of each device in system.
541  *	@state: PM transition of the system being carried out.
542  *
543  *	Resume all the devices, unlock them all, and allow new
544  *	devices to be registered once again.
545  */
546 void device_resume(pm_message_t state)
547 {
548 	might_sleep();
549 	dpm_resume(state);
550 	dpm_complete(state);
551 }
552 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(device_resume);
553 
554 
555 /*------------------------- Suspend routines -------------------------*/
556 
557 /**
558  *	resume_event - return a PM message representing the resume event
559  *	               corresponding to given sleep state.
560  *	@sleep_state: PM message representing a sleep state.
561  */
562 static pm_message_t resume_event(pm_message_t sleep_state)
563 {
564 	switch (sleep_state.event) {
565 	case PM_EVENT_SUSPEND:
566 		return PMSG_RESUME;
567 	case PM_EVENT_FREEZE:
568 	case PM_EVENT_QUIESCE:
569 		return PMSG_RECOVER;
570 	case PM_EVENT_HIBERNATE:
571 		return PMSG_RESTORE;
572 	}
573 	return PMSG_ON;
574 }
575 
576 /**
577  *	suspend_device_noirq - Shut down one device (late suspend).
578  *	@dev:	Device.
579  *	@state: PM transition of the system being carried out.
580  *
581  *	This is called with interrupts off and only a single CPU running.
582  */
583 static int suspend_device_noirq(struct device *dev, pm_message_t state)
584 {
585 	int error = 0;
586 
587 	if (!dev->bus)
588 		return 0;
589 
590 	if (dev->bus->pm) {
591 		pm_dev_dbg(dev, state, "LATE ");
592 		error = pm_noirq_op(dev, dev->bus->pm, state);
593 	} else if (dev->bus->suspend_late) {
594 		pm_dev_dbg(dev, state, "legacy LATE ");
595 		error = dev->bus->suspend_late(dev, state);
596 		suspend_report_result(dev->bus->suspend_late, error);
597 	}
598 	return error;
599 }
600 
601 /**
602  *	device_power_down - Shut down special devices.
603  *	@state: PM transition of the system being carried out.
604  *
605  *	Power down devices that require interrupts to be disabled.
606  *	Then power down system devices.
607  *
608  *	Must be called with interrupts disabled and only one CPU running.
609  */
610 int device_power_down(pm_message_t state)
611 {
612 	struct device *dev;
613 	int error = 0;
614 
615 	list_for_each_entry_reverse(dev, &dpm_list, power.entry) {
616 		error = suspend_device_noirq(dev, state);
617 		if (error) {
618 			pm_dev_err(dev, state, " late", error);
619 			break;
620 		}
621 		dev->power.status = DPM_OFF_IRQ;
622 	}
623 	if (error)
624 		dpm_power_up(resume_event(state));
625 	return error;
626 }
627 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(device_power_down);
628 
629 /**
630  *	suspend_device - Save state of one device.
631  *	@dev:	Device.
632  *	@state: PM transition of the system being carried out.
633  */
634 static int suspend_device(struct device *dev, pm_message_t state)
635 {
636 	int error = 0;
637 
638 	down(&dev->sem);
639 
640 	if (dev->class) {
641 		if (dev->class->pm) {
642 			pm_dev_dbg(dev, state, "class ");
643 			error = pm_op(dev, dev->class->pm, state);
644 		} else if (dev->class->suspend) {
645 			pm_dev_dbg(dev, state, "legacy class ");
646 			error = dev->class->suspend(dev, state);
647 			suspend_report_result(dev->class->suspend, error);
648 		}
649 		if (error)
650 			goto End;
651 	}
652 
653 	if (dev->type) {
654 		if (dev->type->pm) {
655 			pm_dev_dbg(dev, state, "type ");
656 			error = pm_op(dev, dev->type->pm, state);
657 		} else if (dev->type->suspend) {
658 			pm_dev_dbg(dev, state, "legacy type ");
659 			error = dev->type->suspend(dev, state);
660 			suspend_report_result(dev->type->suspend, error);
661 		}
662 		if (error)
663 			goto End;
664 	}
665 
666 	if (dev->bus) {
667 		if (dev->bus->pm) {
668 			pm_dev_dbg(dev, state, "");
669 			error = pm_op(dev, dev->bus->pm, state);
670 		} else if (dev->bus->suspend) {
671 			pm_dev_dbg(dev, state, "legacy ");
672 			error = dev->bus->suspend(dev, state);
673 			suspend_report_result(dev->bus->suspend, error);
674 		}
675 	}
676  End:
677 	up(&dev->sem);
678 
679 	return error;
680 }
681 
682 /**
683  *	dpm_suspend - Suspend every device.
684  *	@state: PM transition of the system being carried out.
685  *
686  *	Execute the appropriate "suspend" callbacks for all devices.
687  */
688 static int dpm_suspend(pm_message_t state)
689 {
690 	struct list_head list;
691 	int error = 0;
692 
693 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&list);
694 	mutex_lock(&dpm_list_mtx);
695 	while (!list_empty(&dpm_list)) {
696 		struct device *dev = to_device(dpm_list.prev);
697 
698 		get_device(dev);
699 		mutex_unlock(&dpm_list_mtx);
700 
701 		error = suspend_device(dev, state);
702 
703 		mutex_lock(&dpm_list_mtx);
704 		if (error) {
705 			pm_dev_err(dev, state, "", error);
706 			put_device(dev);
707 			break;
708 		}
709 		dev->power.status = DPM_OFF;
710 		if (!list_empty(&dev->power.entry))
711 			list_move(&dev->power.entry, &list);
712 		put_device(dev);
713 	}
714 	list_splice(&list, dpm_list.prev);
715 	mutex_unlock(&dpm_list_mtx);
716 	return error;
717 }
718 
719 /**
720  *	prepare_device - Execute the ->prepare() callback(s) for given device.
721  *	@dev:	Device.
722  *	@state: PM transition of the system being carried out.
723  */
724 static int prepare_device(struct device *dev, pm_message_t state)
725 {
726 	int error = 0;
727 
728 	down(&dev->sem);
729 
730 	if (dev->bus && dev->bus->pm && dev->bus->pm->prepare) {
731 		pm_dev_dbg(dev, state, "preparing ");
732 		error = dev->bus->pm->prepare(dev);
733 		suspend_report_result(dev->bus->pm->prepare, error);
734 		if (error)
735 			goto End;
736 	}
737 
738 	if (dev->type && dev->type->pm && dev->type->pm->prepare) {
739 		pm_dev_dbg(dev, state, "preparing type ");
740 		error = dev->type->pm->prepare(dev);
741 		suspend_report_result(dev->type->pm->prepare, error);
742 		if (error)
743 			goto End;
744 	}
745 
746 	if (dev->class && dev->class->pm && dev->class->pm->prepare) {
747 		pm_dev_dbg(dev, state, "preparing class ");
748 		error = dev->class->pm->prepare(dev);
749 		suspend_report_result(dev->class->pm->prepare, error);
750 	}
751  End:
752 	up(&dev->sem);
753 
754 	return error;
755 }
756 
757 /**
758  *	dpm_prepare - Prepare all devices for a PM transition.
759  *	@state: PM transition of the system being carried out.
760  *
761  *	Execute the ->prepare() callback for all devices.
762  */
763 static int dpm_prepare(pm_message_t state)
764 {
765 	struct list_head list;
766 	int error = 0;
767 
768 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&list);
769 	mutex_lock(&dpm_list_mtx);
770 	transition_started = true;
771 	while (!list_empty(&dpm_list)) {
772 		struct device *dev = to_device(dpm_list.next);
773 
774 		get_device(dev);
775 		dev->power.status = DPM_PREPARING;
776 		mutex_unlock(&dpm_list_mtx);
777 
778 		error = prepare_device(dev, state);
779 
780 		mutex_lock(&dpm_list_mtx);
781 		if (error) {
782 			dev->power.status = DPM_ON;
783 			if (error == -EAGAIN) {
784 				put_device(dev);
785 				continue;
786 			}
787 			printk(KERN_ERR "PM: Failed to prepare device %s "
788 				"for power transition: error %d\n",
789 				kobject_name(&dev->kobj), error);
790 			put_device(dev);
791 			break;
792 		}
793 		dev->power.status = DPM_SUSPENDING;
794 		if (!list_empty(&dev->power.entry))
795 			list_move_tail(&dev->power.entry, &list);
796 		put_device(dev);
797 	}
798 	list_splice(&list, &dpm_list);
799 	mutex_unlock(&dpm_list_mtx);
800 	return error;
801 }
802 
803 /**
804  *	device_suspend - Save state and stop all devices in system.
805  *	@state: PM transition of the system being carried out.
806  *
807  *	Prepare and suspend all devices.
808  */
809 int device_suspend(pm_message_t state)
810 {
811 	int error;
812 
813 	might_sleep();
814 	error = dpm_prepare(state);
815 	if (!error)
816 		error = dpm_suspend(state);
817 	return error;
818 }
819 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(device_suspend);
820 
821 void __suspend_report_result(const char *function, void *fn, int ret)
822 {
823 	if (ret)
824 		printk(KERN_ERR "%s(): %pF returns %d\n", function, fn, ret);
825 }
826 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__suspend_report_result);
827