xref: /linux/crypto/ghash-generic.c (revision fcab107abe1ab5be9dbe874baa722372da8f4f73)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /*
3  * GHASH: hash function for GCM (Galois/Counter Mode).
4  *
5  * Copyright (c) 2007 Nokia Siemens Networks - Mikko Herranen <mh1@iki.fi>
6  * Copyright (c) 2009 Intel Corp.
7  *   Author: Huang Ying <ying.huang@intel.com>
8  */
9 
10 /*
11  * GHASH is a keyed hash function used in GCM authentication tag generation.
12  *
13  * The original GCM paper [1] presents GHASH as a function GHASH(H, A, C) which
14  * takes a 16-byte hash key H, additional authenticated data A, and a ciphertext
15  * C.  It formats A and C into a single byte string X, interprets X as a
16  * polynomial over GF(2^128), and evaluates this polynomial at the point H.
17  *
18  * However, the NIST standard for GCM [2] presents GHASH as GHASH(H, X) where X
19  * is the already-formatted byte string containing both A and C.
20  *
21  * "ghash" in the Linux crypto API uses the 'X' (pre-formatted) convention,
22  * since the API supports only a single data stream per hash.  Thus, the
23  * formatting of 'A' and 'C' is done in the "gcm" template, not in "ghash".
24  *
25  * The reason "ghash" is separate from "gcm" is to allow "gcm" to use an
26  * accelerated "ghash" when a standalone accelerated "gcm(aes)" is unavailable.
27  * It is generally inappropriate to use "ghash" for other purposes, since it is
28  * an "ε-almost-XOR-universal hash function", not a cryptographic hash function.
29  * It can only be used securely in crypto modes specially designed to use it.
30  *
31  * [1] The Galois/Counter Mode of Operation (GCM)
32  *     (http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.694.695&rep=rep1&type=pdf)
33  * [2] Recommendation for Block Cipher Modes of Operation: Galois/Counter Mode (GCM) and GMAC
34  *     (https://csrc.nist.gov/publications/detail/sp/800-38d/final)
35  */
36 
37 #include <crypto/gf128mul.h>
38 #include <crypto/ghash.h>
39 #include <crypto/internal/hash.h>
40 #include <crypto/utils.h>
41 #include <linux/err.h>
42 #include <linux/kernel.h>
43 #include <linux/module.h>
44 #include <linux/string.h>
45 
46 static int ghash_init(struct shash_desc *desc)
47 {
48 	struct ghash_desc_ctx *dctx = shash_desc_ctx(desc);
49 
50 	memset(dctx, 0, sizeof(*dctx));
51 
52 	return 0;
53 }
54 
55 static int ghash_setkey(struct crypto_shash *tfm,
56 			const u8 *key, unsigned int keylen)
57 {
58 	struct ghash_ctx *ctx = crypto_shash_ctx(tfm);
59 	be128 k;
60 
61 	if (keylen != GHASH_BLOCK_SIZE)
62 		return -EINVAL;
63 
64 	if (ctx->gf128)
65 		gf128mul_free_4k(ctx->gf128);
66 
67 	BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(k) != GHASH_BLOCK_SIZE);
68 	memcpy(&k, key, GHASH_BLOCK_SIZE); /* avoid violating alignment rules */
69 	ctx->gf128 = gf128mul_init_4k_lle(&k);
70 	memzero_explicit(&k, GHASH_BLOCK_SIZE);
71 
72 	if (!ctx->gf128)
73 		return -ENOMEM;
74 
75 	return 0;
76 }
77 
78 static int ghash_update(struct shash_desc *desc,
79 			 const u8 *src, unsigned int srclen)
80 {
81 	struct ghash_desc_ctx *dctx = shash_desc_ctx(desc);
82 	struct ghash_ctx *ctx = crypto_shash_ctx(desc->tfm);
83 	u8 *dst = dctx->buffer;
84 
85 	do {
86 		crypto_xor(dst, src, GHASH_BLOCK_SIZE);
87 		gf128mul_4k_lle((be128 *)dst, ctx->gf128);
88 		src += GHASH_BLOCK_SIZE;
89 		srclen -= GHASH_BLOCK_SIZE;
90 	} while (srclen >= GHASH_BLOCK_SIZE);
91 
92 	return srclen;
93 }
94 
95 static void ghash_flush(struct shash_desc *desc, const u8 *src,
96 			unsigned int len)
97 {
98 	struct ghash_ctx *ctx = crypto_shash_ctx(desc->tfm);
99 	struct ghash_desc_ctx *dctx = shash_desc_ctx(desc);
100 	u8 *dst = dctx->buffer;
101 
102 	if (len) {
103 		crypto_xor(dst, src, len);
104 		gf128mul_4k_lle((be128 *)dst, ctx->gf128);
105 	}
106 }
107 
108 static int ghash_finup(struct shash_desc *desc, const u8 *src,
109 		       unsigned int len, u8 *dst)
110 {
111 	struct ghash_desc_ctx *dctx = shash_desc_ctx(desc);
112 	u8 *buf = dctx->buffer;
113 
114 	ghash_flush(desc, src, len);
115 	memcpy(dst, buf, GHASH_BLOCK_SIZE);
116 
117 	return 0;
118 }
119 
120 static void ghash_exit_tfm(struct crypto_tfm *tfm)
121 {
122 	struct ghash_ctx *ctx = crypto_tfm_ctx(tfm);
123 	if (ctx->gf128)
124 		gf128mul_free_4k(ctx->gf128);
125 }
126 
127 static struct shash_alg ghash_alg = {
128 	.digestsize	= GHASH_DIGEST_SIZE,
129 	.init		= ghash_init,
130 	.update		= ghash_update,
131 	.finup		= ghash_finup,
132 	.setkey		= ghash_setkey,
133 	.descsize	= sizeof(struct ghash_desc_ctx),
134 	.base		= {
135 		.cra_name		= "ghash",
136 		.cra_driver_name	= "ghash-generic",
137 		.cra_priority		= 100,
138 		.cra_flags		= CRYPTO_AHASH_ALG_BLOCK_ONLY,
139 		.cra_blocksize		= GHASH_BLOCK_SIZE,
140 		.cra_ctxsize		= sizeof(struct ghash_ctx),
141 		.cra_module		= THIS_MODULE,
142 		.cra_exit		= ghash_exit_tfm,
143 	},
144 };
145 
146 static int __init ghash_mod_init(void)
147 {
148 	return crypto_register_shash(&ghash_alg);
149 }
150 
151 static void __exit ghash_mod_exit(void)
152 {
153 	crypto_unregister_shash(&ghash_alg);
154 }
155 
156 module_init(ghash_mod_init);
157 module_exit(ghash_mod_exit);
158 
159 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
160 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("GHASH hash function");
161 MODULE_ALIAS_CRYPTO("ghash");
162 MODULE_ALIAS_CRYPTO("ghash-generic");
163