xref: /linux/block/fops.c (revision f181a3736b7f76410040a3f16cbbfbdec2580bf9)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /*
3  * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992  Linus Torvalds
4  * Copyright (C) 2001  Andrea Arcangeli <andrea@suse.de> SuSE
5  * Copyright (C) 2016 - 2020 Christoph Hellwig
6  */
7 #include <linux/init.h>
8 #include <linux/mm.h>
9 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
10 #include <linux/buffer_head.h>
11 #include <linux/mpage.h>
12 #include <linux/uio.h>
13 #include <linux/namei.h>
14 #include <linux/task_io_accounting_ops.h>
15 #include <linux/falloc.h>
16 #include <linux/suspend.h>
17 #include <linux/fs.h>
18 #include <linux/iomap.h>
19 #include <linux/module.h>
20 #include "blk.h"
21 
22 static inline struct inode *bdev_file_inode(struct file *file)
23 {
24 	return file->f_mapping->host;
25 }
26 
27 static blk_opf_t dio_bio_write_op(struct kiocb *iocb)
28 {
29 	blk_opf_t opf = REQ_OP_WRITE | REQ_SYNC | REQ_IDLE;
30 
31 	/* avoid the need for a I/O completion work item */
32 	if (iocb_is_dsync(iocb))
33 		opf |= REQ_FUA;
34 	return opf;
35 }
36 
37 static bool blkdev_dio_unaligned(struct block_device *bdev, loff_t pos,
38 			      struct iov_iter *iter)
39 {
40 	return pos & (bdev_logical_block_size(bdev) - 1) ||
41 		!bdev_iter_is_aligned(bdev, iter);
42 }
43 
44 #define DIO_INLINE_BIO_VECS 4
45 
46 static ssize_t __blkdev_direct_IO_simple(struct kiocb *iocb,
47 		struct iov_iter *iter, unsigned int nr_pages)
48 {
49 	struct block_device *bdev = I_BDEV(iocb->ki_filp->f_mapping->host);
50 	struct bio_vec inline_vecs[DIO_INLINE_BIO_VECS], *vecs;
51 	loff_t pos = iocb->ki_pos;
52 	bool should_dirty = false;
53 	struct bio bio;
54 	ssize_t ret;
55 
56 	if (blkdev_dio_unaligned(bdev, pos, iter))
57 		return -EINVAL;
58 
59 	if (nr_pages <= DIO_INLINE_BIO_VECS)
60 		vecs = inline_vecs;
61 	else {
62 		vecs = kmalloc_array(nr_pages, sizeof(struct bio_vec),
63 				     GFP_KERNEL);
64 		if (!vecs)
65 			return -ENOMEM;
66 	}
67 
68 	if (iov_iter_rw(iter) == READ) {
69 		bio_init(&bio, bdev, vecs, nr_pages, REQ_OP_READ);
70 		if (user_backed_iter(iter))
71 			should_dirty = true;
72 	} else {
73 		bio_init(&bio, bdev, vecs, nr_pages, dio_bio_write_op(iocb));
74 	}
75 	bio.bi_iter.bi_sector = pos >> SECTOR_SHIFT;
76 	bio.bi_write_hint = file_inode(iocb->ki_filp)->i_write_hint;
77 	bio.bi_ioprio = iocb->ki_ioprio;
78 
79 	ret = bio_iov_iter_get_pages(&bio, iter);
80 	if (unlikely(ret))
81 		goto out;
82 	ret = bio.bi_iter.bi_size;
83 
84 	if (iov_iter_rw(iter) == WRITE)
85 		task_io_account_write(ret);
86 
87 	if (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_NOWAIT)
88 		bio.bi_opf |= REQ_NOWAIT;
89 
90 	submit_bio_wait(&bio);
91 
92 	bio_release_pages(&bio, should_dirty);
93 	if (unlikely(bio.bi_status))
94 		ret = blk_status_to_errno(bio.bi_status);
95 
96 out:
97 	if (vecs != inline_vecs)
98 		kfree(vecs);
99 
100 	bio_uninit(&bio);
101 
102 	return ret;
103 }
104 
105 enum {
106 	DIO_SHOULD_DIRTY	= 1,
107 	DIO_IS_SYNC		= 2,
108 };
109 
110 struct blkdev_dio {
111 	union {
112 		struct kiocb		*iocb;
113 		struct task_struct	*waiter;
114 	};
115 	size_t			size;
116 	atomic_t		ref;
117 	unsigned int		flags;
118 	struct bio		bio ____cacheline_aligned_in_smp;
119 };
120 
121 static struct bio_set blkdev_dio_pool;
122 
123 static void blkdev_bio_end_io(struct bio *bio)
124 {
125 	struct blkdev_dio *dio = bio->bi_private;
126 	bool should_dirty = dio->flags & DIO_SHOULD_DIRTY;
127 
128 	if (bio->bi_status && !dio->bio.bi_status)
129 		dio->bio.bi_status = bio->bi_status;
130 
131 	if (atomic_dec_and_test(&dio->ref)) {
132 		if (!(dio->flags & DIO_IS_SYNC)) {
133 			struct kiocb *iocb = dio->iocb;
134 			ssize_t ret;
135 
136 			WRITE_ONCE(iocb->private, NULL);
137 
138 			if (likely(!dio->bio.bi_status)) {
139 				ret = dio->size;
140 				iocb->ki_pos += ret;
141 			} else {
142 				ret = blk_status_to_errno(dio->bio.bi_status);
143 			}
144 
145 			dio->iocb->ki_complete(iocb, ret);
146 			bio_put(&dio->bio);
147 		} else {
148 			struct task_struct *waiter = dio->waiter;
149 
150 			WRITE_ONCE(dio->waiter, NULL);
151 			blk_wake_io_task(waiter);
152 		}
153 	}
154 
155 	if (should_dirty) {
156 		bio_check_pages_dirty(bio);
157 	} else {
158 		bio_release_pages(bio, false);
159 		bio_put(bio);
160 	}
161 }
162 
163 static ssize_t __blkdev_direct_IO(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *iter,
164 		unsigned int nr_pages)
165 {
166 	struct block_device *bdev = I_BDEV(iocb->ki_filp->f_mapping->host);
167 	struct blk_plug plug;
168 	struct blkdev_dio *dio;
169 	struct bio *bio;
170 	bool is_read = (iov_iter_rw(iter) == READ), is_sync;
171 	blk_opf_t opf = is_read ? REQ_OP_READ : dio_bio_write_op(iocb);
172 	loff_t pos = iocb->ki_pos;
173 	int ret = 0;
174 
175 	if (blkdev_dio_unaligned(bdev, pos, iter))
176 		return -EINVAL;
177 
178 	if (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_ALLOC_CACHE)
179 		opf |= REQ_ALLOC_CACHE;
180 	bio = bio_alloc_bioset(bdev, nr_pages, opf, GFP_KERNEL,
181 			       &blkdev_dio_pool);
182 	dio = container_of(bio, struct blkdev_dio, bio);
183 	atomic_set(&dio->ref, 1);
184 	/*
185 	 * Grab an extra reference to ensure the dio structure which is embedded
186 	 * into the first bio stays around.
187 	 */
188 	bio_get(bio);
189 
190 	is_sync = is_sync_kiocb(iocb);
191 	if (is_sync) {
192 		dio->flags = DIO_IS_SYNC;
193 		dio->waiter = current;
194 	} else {
195 		dio->flags = 0;
196 		dio->iocb = iocb;
197 	}
198 
199 	dio->size = 0;
200 	if (is_read && user_backed_iter(iter))
201 		dio->flags |= DIO_SHOULD_DIRTY;
202 
203 	blk_start_plug(&plug);
204 
205 	for (;;) {
206 		bio->bi_iter.bi_sector = pos >> SECTOR_SHIFT;
207 		bio->bi_write_hint = file_inode(iocb->ki_filp)->i_write_hint;
208 		bio->bi_private = dio;
209 		bio->bi_end_io = blkdev_bio_end_io;
210 		bio->bi_ioprio = iocb->ki_ioprio;
211 
212 		ret = bio_iov_iter_get_pages(bio, iter);
213 		if (unlikely(ret)) {
214 			bio->bi_status = BLK_STS_IOERR;
215 			bio_endio(bio);
216 			break;
217 		}
218 		if (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_NOWAIT) {
219 			/*
220 			 * This is nonblocking IO, and we need to allocate
221 			 * another bio if we have data left to map. As we
222 			 * cannot guarantee that one of the sub bios will not
223 			 * fail getting issued FOR NOWAIT and as error results
224 			 * are coalesced across all of them, be safe and ask for
225 			 * a retry of this from blocking context.
226 			 */
227 			if (unlikely(iov_iter_count(iter))) {
228 				bio_release_pages(bio, false);
229 				bio_clear_flag(bio, BIO_REFFED);
230 				bio_put(bio);
231 				blk_finish_plug(&plug);
232 				return -EAGAIN;
233 			}
234 			bio->bi_opf |= REQ_NOWAIT;
235 		}
236 
237 		if (is_read) {
238 			if (dio->flags & DIO_SHOULD_DIRTY)
239 				bio_set_pages_dirty(bio);
240 		} else {
241 			task_io_account_write(bio->bi_iter.bi_size);
242 		}
243 		dio->size += bio->bi_iter.bi_size;
244 		pos += bio->bi_iter.bi_size;
245 
246 		nr_pages = bio_iov_vecs_to_alloc(iter, BIO_MAX_VECS);
247 		if (!nr_pages) {
248 			submit_bio(bio);
249 			break;
250 		}
251 		atomic_inc(&dio->ref);
252 		submit_bio(bio);
253 		bio = bio_alloc(bdev, nr_pages, opf, GFP_KERNEL);
254 	}
255 
256 	blk_finish_plug(&plug);
257 
258 	if (!is_sync)
259 		return -EIOCBQUEUED;
260 
261 	for (;;) {
262 		set_current_state(TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
263 		if (!READ_ONCE(dio->waiter))
264 			break;
265 		blk_io_schedule();
266 	}
267 	__set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
268 
269 	if (!ret)
270 		ret = blk_status_to_errno(dio->bio.bi_status);
271 	if (likely(!ret))
272 		ret = dio->size;
273 
274 	bio_put(&dio->bio);
275 	return ret;
276 }
277 
278 static void blkdev_bio_end_io_async(struct bio *bio)
279 {
280 	struct blkdev_dio *dio = container_of(bio, struct blkdev_dio, bio);
281 	struct kiocb *iocb = dio->iocb;
282 	ssize_t ret;
283 
284 	WRITE_ONCE(iocb->private, NULL);
285 
286 	if (likely(!bio->bi_status)) {
287 		ret = dio->size;
288 		iocb->ki_pos += ret;
289 	} else {
290 		ret = blk_status_to_errno(bio->bi_status);
291 	}
292 
293 	iocb->ki_complete(iocb, ret);
294 
295 	if (dio->flags & DIO_SHOULD_DIRTY) {
296 		bio_check_pages_dirty(bio);
297 	} else {
298 		bio_release_pages(bio, false);
299 		bio_put(bio);
300 	}
301 }
302 
303 static ssize_t __blkdev_direct_IO_async(struct kiocb *iocb,
304 					struct iov_iter *iter,
305 					unsigned int nr_pages)
306 {
307 	struct block_device *bdev = I_BDEV(iocb->ki_filp->f_mapping->host);
308 	bool is_read = iov_iter_rw(iter) == READ;
309 	blk_opf_t opf = is_read ? REQ_OP_READ : dio_bio_write_op(iocb);
310 	struct blkdev_dio *dio;
311 	struct bio *bio;
312 	loff_t pos = iocb->ki_pos;
313 	int ret = 0;
314 
315 	if (blkdev_dio_unaligned(bdev, pos, iter))
316 		return -EINVAL;
317 
318 	if (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_ALLOC_CACHE)
319 		opf |= REQ_ALLOC_CACHE;
320 	bio = bio_alloc_bioset(bdev, nr_pages, opf, GFP_KERNEL,
321 			       &blkdev_dio_pool);
322 	dio = container_of(bio, struct blkdev_dio, bio);
323 	dio->flags = 0;
324 	dio->iocb = iocb;
325 	bio->bi_iter.bi_sector = pos >> SECTOR_SHIFT;
326 	bio->bi_write_hint = file_inode(iocb->ki_filp)->i_write_hint;
327 	bio->bi_end_io = blkdev_bio_end_io_async;
328 	bio->bi_ioprio = iocb->ki_ioprio;
329 
330 	if (iov_iter_is_bvec(iter)) {
331 		/*
332 		 * Users don't rely on the iterator being in any particular
333 		 * state for async I/O returning -EIOCBQUEUED, hence we can
334 		 * avoid expensive iov_iter_advance(). Bypass
335 		 * bio_iov_iter_get_pages() and set the bvec directly.
336 		 */
337 		bio_iov_bvec_set(bio, iter);
338 	} else {
339 		ret = bio_iov_iter_get_pages(bio, iter);
340 		if (unlikely(ret)) {
341 			bio_put(bio);
342 			return ret;
343 		}
344 	}
345 	dio->size = bio->bi_iter.bi_size;
346 
347 	if (is_read) {
348 		if (user_backed_iter(iter)) {
349 			dio->flags |= DIO_SHOULD_DIRTY;
350 			bio_set_pages_dirty(bio);
351 		}
352 	} else {
353 		task_io_account_write(bio->bi_iter.bi_size);
354 	}
355 
356 	if (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_NOWAIT)
357 		bio->bi_opf |= REQ_NOWAIT;
358 
359 	if (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_HIPRI) {
360 		bio->bi_opf |= REQ_POLLED;
361 		submit_bio(bio);
362 		WRITE_ONCE(iocb->private, bio);
363 	} else {
364 		submit_bio(bio);
365 	}
366 	return -EIOCBQUEUED;
367 }
368 
369 static ssize_t blkdev_direct_IO(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *iter)
370 {
371 	unsigned int nr_pages;
372 
373 	if (!iov_iter_count(iter))
374 		return 0;
375 
376 	nr_pages = bio_iov_vecs_to_alloc(iter, BIO_MAX_VECS + 1);
377 	if (likely(nr_pages <= BIO_MAX_VECS)) {
378 		if (is_sync_kiocb(iocb))
379 			return __blkdev_direct_IO_simple(iocb, iter, nr_pages);
380 		return __blkdev_direct_IO_async(iocb, iter, nr_pages);
381 	}
382 	return __blkdev_direct_IO(iocb, iter, bio_max_segs(nr_pages));
383 }
384 
385 static int blkdev_iomap_begin(struct inode *inode, loff_t offset, loff_t length,
386 		unsigned int flags, struct iomap *iomap, struct iomap *srcmap)
387 {
388 	struct block_device *bdev = I_BDEV(inode);
389 	loff_t isize = i_size_read(inode);
390 
391 	iomap->bdev = bdev;
392 	iomap->offset = ALIGN_DOWN(offset, bdev_logical_block_size(bdev));
393 	if (iomap->offset >= isize)
394 		return -EIO;
395 	iomap->type = IOMAP_MAPPED;
396 	iomap->addr = iomap->offset;
397 	iomap->length = isize - iomap->offset;
398 	iomap->flags |= IOMAP_F_BUFFER_HEAD; /* noop for !CONFIG_BUFFER_HEAD */
399 	return 0;
400 }
401 
402 static const struct iomap_ops blkdev_iomap_ops = {
403 	.iomap_begin		= blkdev_iomap_begin,
404 };
405 
406 #ifdef CONFIG_BUFFER_HEAD
407 static int blkdev_get_block(struct inode *inode, sector_t iblock,
408 		struct buffer_head *bh, int create)
409 {
410 	bh->b_bdev = I_BDEV(inode);
411 	bh->b_blocknr = iblock;
412 	set_buffer_mapped(bh);
413 	return 0;
414 }
415 
416 /*
417  * We cannot call mpage_writepages() as it does not take the buffer lock.
418  * We must use block_write_full_folio() directly which holds the buffer
419  * lock.  The buffer lock provides the synchronisation with writeback
420  * that filesystems rely on when they use the blockdev's mapping.
421  */
422 static int blkdev_writepages(struct address_space *mapping,
423 		struct writeback_control *wbc)
424 {
425 	struct blk_plug plug;
426 	int err;
427 
428 	blk_start_plug(&plug);
429 	err = write_cache_pages(mapping, wbc, block_write_full_folio,
430 			blkdev_get_block);
431 	blk_finish_plug(&plug);
432 
433 	return err;
434 }
435 
436 static int blkdev_read_folio(struct file *file, struct folio *folio)
437 {
438 	return block_read_full_folio(folio, blkdev_get_block);
439 }
440 
441 static void blkdev_readahead(struct readahead_control *rac)
442 {
443 	mpage_readahead(rac, blkdev_get_block);
444 }
445 
446 static int blkdev_write_begin(struct file *file, struct address_space *mapping,
447 		loff_t pos, unsigned len, struct page **pagep, void **fsdata)
448 {
449 	return block_write_begin(mapping, pos, len, pagep, blkdev_get_block);
450 }
451 
452 static int blkdev_write_end(struct file *file, struct address_space *mapping,
453 		loff_t pos, unsigned len, unsigned copied, struct page *page,
454 		void *fsdata)
455 {
456 	int ret;
457 	ret = block_write_end(file, mapping, pos, len, copied, page, fsdata);
458 
459 	unlock_page(page);
460 	put_page(page);
461 
462 	return ret;
463 }
464 
465 const struct address_space_operations def_blk_aops = {
466 	.dirty_folio	= block_dirty_folio,
467 	.invalidate_folio = block_invalidate_folio,
468 	.read_folio	= blkdev_read_folio,
469 	.readahead	= blkdev_readahead,
470 	.writepages	= blkdev_writepages,
471 	.write_begin	= blkdev_write_begin,
472 	.write_end	= blkdev_write_end,
473 	.migrate_folio	= buffer_migrate_folio_norefs,
474 	.is_dirty_writeback = buffer_check_dirty_writeback,
475 };
476 #else /* CONFIG_BUFFER_HEAD */
477 static int blkdev_read_folio(struct file *file, struct folio *folio)
478 {
479 	return iomap_read_folio(folio, &blkdev_iomap_ops);
480 }
481 
482 static void blkdev_readahead(struct readahead_control *rac)
483 {
484 	iomap_readahead(rac, &blkdev_iomap_ops);
485 }
486 
487 static int blkdev_map_blocks(struct iomap_writepage_ctx *wpc,
488 		struct inode *inode, loff_t offset, unsigned int len)
489 {
490 	loff_t isize = i_size_read(inode);
491 
492 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(offset >= isize))
493 		return -EIO;
494 	if (offset >= wpc->iomap.offset &&
495 	    offset < wpc->iomap.offset + wpc->iomap.length)
496 		return 0;
497 	return blkdev_iomap_begin(inode, offset, isize - offset,
498 				  IOMAP_WRITE, &wpc->iomap, NULL);
499 }
500 
501 static const struct iomap_writeback_ops blkdev_writeback_ops = {
502 	.map_blocks		= blkdev_map_blocks,
503 };
504 
505 static int blkdev_writepages(struct address_space *mapping,
506 		struct writeback_control *wbc)
507 {
508 	struct iomap_writepage_ctx wpc = { };
509 
510 	return iomap_writepages(mapping, wbc, &wpc, &blkdev_writeback_ops);
511 }
512 
513 const struct address_space_operations def_blk_aops = {
514 	.dirty_folio	= filemap_dirty_folio,
515 	.release_folio		= iomap_release_folio,
516 	.invalidate_folio	= iomap_invalidate_folio,
517 	.read_folio		= blkdev_read_folio,
518 	.readahead		= blkdev_readahead,
519 	.writepages		= blkdev_writepages,
520 	.is_partially_uptodate  = iomap_is_partially_uptodate,
521 	.error_remove_folio	= generic_error_remove_folio,
522 	.migrate_folio		= filemap_migrate_folio,
523 };
524 #endif /* CONFIG_BUFFER_HEAD */
525 
526 /*
527  * for a block special file file_inode(file)->i_size is zero
528  * so we compute the size by hand (just as in block_read/write above)
529  */
530 static loff_t blkdev_llseek(struct file *file, loff_t offset, int whence)
531 {
532 	struct inode *bd_inode = bdev_file_inode(file);
533 	loff_t retval;
534 
535 	inode_lock(bd_inode);
536 	retval = fixed_size_llseek(file, offset, whence, i_size_read(bd_inode));
537 	inode_unlock(bd_inode);
538 	return retval;
539 }
540 
541 static int blkdev_fsync(struct file *filp, loff_t start, loff_t end,
542 		int datasync)
543 {
544 	struct block_device *bdev = I_BDEV(filp->f_mapping->host);
545 	int error;
546 
547 	error = file_write_and_wait_range(filp, start, end);
548 	if (error)
549 		return error;
550 
551 	/*
552 	 * There is no need to serialise calls to blkdev_issue_flush with
553 	 * i_mutex and doing so causes performance issues with concurrent
554 	 * O_SYNC writers to a block device.
555 	 */
556 	error = blkdev_issue_flush(bdev);
557 	if (error == -EOPNOTSUPP)
558 		error = 0;
559 
560 	return error;
561 }
562 
563 /**
564  * file_to_blk_mode - get block open flags from file flags
565  * @file: file whose open flags should be converted
566  *
567  * Look at file open flags and generate corresponding block open flags from
568  * them. The function works both for file just being open (e.g. during ->open
569  * callback) and for file that is already open. This is actually non-trivial
570  * (see comment in the function).
571  */
572 blk_mode_t file_to_blk_mode(struct file *file)
573 {
574 	blk_mode_t mode = 0;
575 
576 	if (file->f_mode & FMODE_READ)
577 		mode |= BLK_OPEN_READ;
578 	if (file->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE)
579 		mode |= BLK_OPEN_WRITE;
580 	/*
581 	 * do_dentry_open() clears O_EXCL from f_flags, use file->private_data
582 	 * to determine whether the open was exclusive for already open files.
583 	 */
584 	if (file->private_data)
585 		mode |= BLK_OPEN_EXCL;
586 	else if (file->f_flags & O_EXCL)
587 		mode |= BLK_OPEN_EXCL;
588 	if (file->f_flags & O_NDELAY)
589 		mode |= BLK_OPEN_NDELAY;
590 
591 	/*
592 	 * If all bits in O_ACCMODE set (aka O_RDWR | O_WRONLY), the floppy
593 	 * driver has historically allowed ioctls as if the file was opened for
594 	 * writing, but does not allow and actual reads or writes.
595 	 */
596 	if ((file->f_flags & O_ACCMODE) == (O_RDWR | O_WRONLY))
597 		mode |= BLK_OPEN_WRITE_IOCTL;
598 
599 	return mode;
600 }
601 
602 static int blkdev_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
603 {
604 	struct block_device *bdev;
605 	blk_mode_t mode;
606 	int ret;
607 
608 	mode = file_to_blk_mode(filp);
609 	/* Use the file as the holder. */
610 	if (mode & BLK_OPEN_EXCL)
611 		filp->private_data = filp;
612 	ret = bdev_permission(inode->i_rdev, mode, filp->private_data);
613 	if (ret)
614 		return ret;
615 
616 	bdev = blkdev_get_no_open(inode->i_rdev);
617 	if (!bdev)
618 		return -ENXIO;
619 
620 	ret = bdev_open(bdev, mode, filp->private_data, NULL, filp);
621 	if (ret)
622 		blkdev_put_no_open(bdev);
623 	return ret;
624 }
625 
626 static int blkdev_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
627 {
628 	bdev_release(filp);
629 	return 0;
630 }
631 
632 static ssize_t
633 blkdev_direct_write(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *from)
634 {
635 	size_t count = iov_iter_count(from);
636 	ssize_t written;
637 
638 	written = kiocb_invalidate_pages(iocb, count);
639 	if (written) {
640 		if (written == -EBUSY)
641 			return 0;
642 		return written;
643 	}
644 
645 	written = blkdev_direct_IO(iocb, from);
646 	if (written > 0) {
647 		kiocb_invalidate_post_direct_write(iocb, count);
648 		iocb->ki_pos += written;
649 		count -= written;
650 	}
651 	if (written != -EIOCBQUEUED)
652 		iov_iter_revert(from, count - iov_iter_count(from));
653 	return written;
654 }
655 
656 static ssize_t blkdev_buffered_write(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *from)
657 {
658 	return iomap_file_buffered_write(iocb, from, &blkdev_iomap_ops);
659 }
660 
661 /*
662  * Write data to the block device.  Only intended for the block device itself
663  * and the raw driver which basically is a fake block device.
664  *
665  * Does not take i_mutex for the write and thus is not for general purpose
666  * use.
667  */
668 static ssize_t blkdev_write_iter(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *from)
669 {
670 	struct file *file = iocb->ki_filp;
671 	struct block_device *bdev = I_BDEV(file->f_mapping->host);
672 	struct inode *bd_inode = bdev->bd_inode;
673 	loff_t size = bdev_nr_bytes(bdev);
674 	size_t shorted = 0;
675 	ssize_t ret;
676 
677 	if (bdev_read_only(bdev))
678 		return -EPERM;
679 
680 	if (IS_SWAPFILE(bd_inode) && !is_hibernate_resume_dev(bd_inode->i_rdev))
681 		return -ETXTBSY;
682 
683 	if (!iov_iter_count(from))
684 		return 0;
685 
686 	if (iocb->ki_pos >= size)
687 		return -ENOSPC;
688 
689 	if ((iocb->ki_flags & (IOCB_NOWAIT | IOCB_DIRECT)) == IOCB_NOWAIT)
690 		return -EOPNOTSUPP;
691 
692 	size -= iocb->ki_pos;
693 	if (iov_iter_count(from) > size) {
694 		shorted = iov_iter_count(from) - size;
695 		iov_iter_truncate(from, size);
696 	}
697 
698 	ret = file_update_time(file);
699 	if (ret)
700 		return ret;
701 
702 	if (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_DIRECT) {
703 		ret = blkdev_direct_write(iocb, from);
704 		if (ret >= 0 && iov_iter_count(from))
705 			ret = direct_write_fallback(iocb, from, ret,
706 					blkdev_buffered_write(iocb, from));
707 	} else {
708 		ret = blkdev_buffered_write(iocb, from);
709 	}
710 
711 	if (ret > 0)
712 		ret = generic_write_sync(iocb, ret);
713 	iov_iter_reexpand(from, iov_iter_count(from) + shorted);
714 	return ret;
715 }
716 
717 static ssize_t blkdev_read_iter(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *to)
718 {
719 	struct block_device *bdev = I_BDEV(iocb->ki_filp->f_mapping->host);
720 	loff_t size = bdev_nr_bytes(bdev);
721 	loff_t pos = iocb->ki_pos;
722 	size_t shorted = 0;
723 	ssize_t ret = 0;
724 	size_t count;
725 
726 	if (unlikely(pos + iov_iter_count(to) > size)) {
727 		if (pos >= size)
728 			return 0;
729 		size -= pos;
730 		shorted = iov_iter_count(to) - size;
731 		iov_iter_truncate(to, size);
732 	}
733 
734 	count = iov_iter_count(to);
735 	if (!count)
736 		goto reexpand; /* skip atime */
737 
738 	if (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_DIRECT) {
739 		ret = kiocb_write_and_wait(iocb, count);
740 		if (ret < 0)
741 			goto reexpand;
742 		file_accessed(iocb->ki_filp);
743 
744 		ret = blkdev_direct_IO(iocb, to);
745 		if (ret >= 0) {
746 			iocb->ki_pos += ret;
747 			count -= ret;
748 		}
749 		iov_iter_revert(to, count - iov_iter_count(to));
750 		if (ret < 0 || !count)
751 			goto reexpand;
752 	}
753 
754 	ret = filemap_read(iocb, to, ret);
755 
756 reexpand:
757 	if (unlikely(shorted))
758 		iov_iter_reexpand(to, iov_iter_count(to) + shorted);
759 	return ret;
760 }
761 
762 #define	BLKDEV_FALLOC_FL_SUPPORTED					\
763 		(FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE | FALLOC_FL_PUNCH_HOLE |		\
764 		 FALLOC_FL_ZERO_RANGE | FALLOC_FL_NO_HIDE_STALE)
765 
766 static long blkdev_fallocate(struct file *file, int mode, loff_t start,
767 			     loff_t len)
768 {
769 	struct inode *inode = bdev_file_inode(file);
770 	struct block_device *bdev = I_BDEV(inode);
771 	loff_t end = start + len - 1;
772 	loff_t isize;
773 	int error;
774 
775 	/* Fail if we don't recognize the flags. */
776 	if (mode & ~BLKDEV_FALLOC_FL_SUPPORTED)
777 		return -EOPNOTSUPP;
778 
779 	/* Don't go off the end of the device. */
780 	isize = bdev_nr_bytes(bdev);
781 	if (start >= isize)
782 		return -EINVAL;
783 	if (end >= isize) {
784 		if (mode & FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE) {
785 			len = isize - start;
786 			end = start + len - 1;
787 		} else
788 			return -EINVAL;
789 	}
790 
791 	/*
792 	 * Don't allow IO that isn't aligned to logical block size.
793 	 */
794 	if ((start | len) & (bdev_logical_block_size(bdev) - 1))
795 		return -EINVAL;
796 
797 	filemap_invalidate_lock(inode->i_mapping);
798 
799 	/*
800 	 * Invalidate the page cache, including dirty pages, for valid
801 	 * de-allocate mode calls to fallocate().
802 	 */
803 	switch (mode) {
804 	case FALLOC_FL_ZERO_RANGE:
805 	case FALLOC_FL_ZERO_RANGE | FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE:
806 		error = truncate_bdev_range(bdev, file_to_blk_mode(file), start, end);
807 		if (error)
808 			goto fail;
809 
810 		error = blkdev_issue_zeroout(bdev, start >> SECTOR_SHIFT,
811 					     len >> SECTOR_SHIFT, GFP_KERNEL,
812 					     BLKDEV_ZERO_NOUNMAP);
813 		break;
814 	case FALLOC_FL_PUNCH_HOLE | FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE:
815 		error = truncate_bdev_range(bdev, file_to_blk_mode(file), start, end);
816 		if (error)
817 			goto fail;
818 
819 		error = blkdev_issue_zeroout(bdev, start >> SECTOR_SHIFT,
820 					     len >> SECTOR_SHIFT, GFP_KERNEL,
821 					     BLKDEV_ZERO_NOFALLBACK);
822 		break;
823 	case FALLOC_FL_PUNCH_HOLE | FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE | FALLOC_FL_NO_HIDE_STALE:
824 		error = truncate_bdev_range(bdev, file_to_blk_mode(file), start, end);
825 		if (error)
826 			goto fail;
827 
828 		error = blkdev_issue_discard(bdev, start >> SECTOR_SHIFT,
829 					     len >> SECTOR_SHIFT, GFP_KERNEL);
830 		break;
831 	default:
832 		error = -EOPNOTSUPP;
833 	}
834 
835  fail:
836 	filemap_invalidate_unlock(inode->i_mapping);
837 	return error;
838 }
839 
840 static int blkdev_mmap(struct file *file, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
841 {
842 	struct inode *bd_inode = bdev_file_inode(file);
843 
844 	if (bdev_read_only(I_BDEV(bd_inode)))
845 		return generic_file_readonly_mmap(file, vma);
846 
847 	return generic_file_mmap(file, vma);
848 }
849 
850 const struct file_operations def_blk_fops = {
851 	.open		= blkdev_open,
852 	.release	= blkdev_release,
853 	.llseek		= blkdev_llseek,
854 	.read_iter	= blkdev_read_iter,
855 	.write_iter	= blkdev_write_iter,
856 	.iopoll		= iocb_bio_iopoll,
857 	.mmap		= blkdev_mmap,
858 	.fsync		= blkdev_fsync,
859 	.unlocked_ioctl	= blkdev_ioctl,
860 #ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
861 	.compat_ioctl	= compat_blkdev_ioctl,
862 #endif
863 	.splice_read	= filemap_splice_read,
864 	.splice_write	= iter_file_splice_write,
865 	.fallocate	= blkdev_fallocate,
866 };
867 
868 static __init int blkdev_init(void)
869 {
870 	return bioset_init(&blkdev_dio_pool, 4,
871 				offsetof(struct blkdev_dio, bio),
872 				BIOSET_NEED_BVECS|BIOSET_PERCPU_CACHE);
873 }
874 module_init(blkdev_init);
875