xref: /linux/block/blk-merge.c (revision e5c86679d5e864947a52fb31e45a425dea3e7fa9)
1 /*
2  * Functions related to segment and merge handling
3  */
4 #include <linux/kernel.h>
5 #include <linux/module.h>
6 #include <linux/bio.h>
7 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
8 #include <linux/scatterlist.h>
9 
10 #include <trace/events/block.h>
11 
12 #include "blk.h"
13 
14 static struct bio *blk_bio_discard_split(struct request_queue *q,
15 					 struct bio *bio,
16 					 struct bio_set *bs,
17 					 unsigned *nsegs)
18 {
19 	unsigned int max_discard_sectors, granularity;
20 	int alignment;
21 	sector_t tmp;
22 	unsigned split_sectors;
23 
24 	*nsegs = 1;
25 
26 	/* Zero-sector (unknown) and one-sector granularities are the same.  */
27 	granularity = max(q->limits.discard_granularity >> 9, 1U);
28 
29 	max_discard_sectors = min(q->limits.max_discard_sectors, UINT_MAX >> 9);
30 	max_discard_sectors -= max_discard_sectors % granularity;
31 
32 	if (unlikely(!max_discard_sectors)) {
33 		/* XXX: warn */
34 		return NULL;
35 	}
36 
37 	if (bio_sectors(bio) <= max_discard_sectors)
38 		return NULL;
39 
40 	split_sectors = max_discard_sectors;
41 
42 	/*
43 	 * If the next starting sector would be misaligned, stop the discard at
44 	 * the previous aligned sector.
45 	 */
46 	alignment = (q->limits.discard_alignment >> 9) % granularity;
47 
48 	tmp = bio->bi_iter.bi_sector + split_sectors - alignment;
49 	tmp = sector_div(tmp, granularity);
50 
51 	if (split_sectors > tmp)
52 		split_sectors -= tmp;
53 
54 	return bio_split(bio, split_sectors, GFP_NOIO, bs);
55 }
56 
57 static struct bio *blk_bio_write_same_split(struct request_queue *q,
58 					    struct bio *bio,
59 					    struct bio_set *bs,
60 					    unsigned *nsegs)
61 {
62 	*nsegs = 1;
63 
64 	if (!q->limits.max_write_same_sectors)
65 		return NULL;
66 
67 	if (bio_sectors(bio) <= q->limits.max_write_same_sectors)
68 		return NULL;
69 
70 	return bio_split(bio, q->limits.max_write_same_sectors, GFP_NOIO, bs);
71 }
72 
73 static inline unsigned get_max_io_size(struct request_queue *q,
74 				       struct bio *bio)
75 {
76 	unsigned sectors = blk_max_size_offset(q, bio->bi_iter.bi_sector);
77 	unsigned mask = queue_logical_block_size(q) - 1;
78 
79 	/* aligned to logical block size */
80 	sectors &= ~(mask >> 9);
81 
82 	return sectors;
83 }
84 
85 static struct bio *blk_bio_segment_split(struct request_queue *q,
86 					 struct bio *bio,
87 					 struct bio_set *bs,
88 					 unsigned *segs)
89 {
90 	struct bio_vec bv, bvprv, *bvprvp = NULL;
91 	struct bvec_iter iter;
92 	unsigned seg_size = 0, nsegs = 0, sectors = 0;
93 	unsigned front_seg_size = bio->bi_seg_front_size;
94 	bool do_split = true;
95 	struct bio *new = NULL;
96 	const unsigned max_sectors = get_max_io_size(q, bio);
97 	unsigned bvecs = 0;
98 
99 	bio_for_each_segment(bv, bio, iter) {
100 		/*
101 		 * With arbitrary bio size, the incoming bio may be very
102 		 * big. We have to split the bio into small bios so that
103 		 * each holds at most BIO_MAX_PAGES bvecs because
104 		 * bio_clone() can fail to allocate big bvecs.
105 		 *
106 		 * It should have been better to apply the limit per
107 		 * request queue in which bio_clone() is involved,
108 		 * instead of globally. The biggest blocker is the
109 		 * bio_clone() in bio bounce.
110 		 *
111 		 * If bio is splitted by this reason, we should have
112 		 * allowed to continue bios merging, but don't do
113 		 * that now for making the change simple.
114 		 *
115 		 * TODO: deal with bio bounce's bio_clone() gracefully
116 		 * and convert the global limit into per-queue limit.
117 		 */
118 		if (bvecs++ >= BIO_MAX_PAGES)
119 			goto split;
120 
121 		/*
122 		 * If the queue doesn't support SG gaps and adding this
123 		 * offset would create a gap, disallow it.
124 		 */
125 		if (bvprvp && bvec_gap_to_prev(q, bvprvp, bv.bv_offset))
126 			goto split;
127 
128 		if (sectors + (bv.bv_len >> 9) > max_sectors) {
129 			/*
130 			 * Consider this a new segment if we're splitting in
131 			 * the middle of this vector.
132 			 */
133 			if (nsegs < queue_max_segments(q) &&
134 			    sectors < max_sectors) {
135 				nsegs++;
136 				sectors = max_sectors;
137 			}
138 			if (sectors)
139 				goto split;
140 			/* Make this single bvec as the 1st segment */
141 		}
142 
143 		if (bvprvp && blk_queue_cluster(q)) {
144 			if (seg_size + bv.bv_len > queue_max_segment_size(q))
145 				goto new_segment;
146 			if (!BIOVEC_PHYS_MERGEABLE(bvprvp, &bv))
147 				goto new_segment;
148 			if (!BIOVEC_SEG_BOUNDARY(q, bvprvp, &bv))
149 				goto new_segment;
150 
151 			seg_size += bv.bv_len;
152 			bvprv = bv;
153 			bvprvp = &bvprv;
154 			sectors += bv.bv_len >> 9;
155 
156 			if (nsegs == 1 && seg_size > front_seg_size)
157 				front_seg_size = seg_size;
158 			continue;
159 		}
160 new_segment:
161 		if (nsegs == queue_max_segments(q))
162 			goto split;
163 
164 		nsegs++;
165 		bvprv = bv;
166 		bvprvp = &bvprv;
167 		seg_size = bv.bv_len;
168 		sectors += bv.bv_len >> 9;
169 
170 		if (nsegs == 1 && seg_size > front_seg_size)
171 			front_seg_size = seg_size;
172 	}
173 
174 	do_split = false;
175 split:
176 	*segs = nsegs;
177 
178 	if (do_split) {
179 		new = bio_split(bio, sectors, GFP_NOIO, bs);
180 		if (new)
181 			bio = new;
182 	}
183 
184 	bio->bi_seg_front_size = front_seg_size;
185 	if (seg_size > bio->bi_seg_back_size)
186 		bio->bi_seg_back_size = seg_size;
187 
188 	return do_split ? new : NULL;
189 }
190 
191 void blk_queue_split(struct request_queue *q, struct bio **bio,
192 		     struct bio_set *bs)
193 {
194 	struct bio *split, *res;
195 	unsigned nsegs;
196 
197 	switch (bio_op(*bio)) {
198 	case REQ_OP_DISCARD:
199 	case REQ_OP_SECURE_ERASE:
200 		split = blk_bio_discard_split(q, *bio, bs, &nsegs);
201 		break;
202 	case REQ_OP_WRITE_ZEROES:
203 		split = NULL;
204 		nsegs = (*bio)->bi_phys_segments;
205 		break;
206 	case REQ_OP_WRITE_SAME:
207 		split = blk_bio_write_same_split(q, *bio, bs, &nsegs);
208 		break;
209 	default:
210 		split = blk_bio_segment_split(q, *bio, q->bio_split, &nsegs);
211 		break;
212 	}
213 
214 	/* physical segments can be figured out during splitting */
215 	res = split ? split : *bio;
216 	res->bi_phys_segments = nsegs;
217 	bio_set_flag(res, BIO_SEG_VALID);
218 
219 	if (split) {
220 		/* there isn't chance to merge the splitted bio */
221 		split->bi_opf |= REQ_NOMERGE;
222 
223 		bio_chain(split, *bio);
224 		trace_block_split(q, split, (*bio)->bi_iter.bi_sector);
225 		generic_make_request(*bio);
226 		*bio = split;
227 	}
228 }
229 EXPORT_SYMBOL(blk_queue_split);
230 
231 static unsigned int __blk_recalc_rq_segments(struct request_queue *q,
232 					     struct bio *bio,
233 					     bool no_sg_merge)
234 {
235 	struct bio_vec bv, bvprv = { NULL };
236 	int cluster, prev = 0;
237 	unsigned int seg_size, nr_phys_segs;
238 	struct bio *fbio, *bbio;
239 	struct bvec_iter iter;
240 
241 	if (!bio)
242 		return 0;
243 
244 	switch (bio_op(bio)) {
245 	case REQ_OP_DISCARD:
246 	case REQ_OP_SECURE_ERASE:
247 	case REQ_OP_WRITE_ZEROES:
248 		return 0;
249 	case REQ_OP_WRITE_SAME:
250 		return 1;
251 	}
252 
253 	fbio = bio;
254 	cluster = blk_queue_cluster(q);
255 	seg_size = 0;
256 	nr_phys_segs = 0;
257 	for_each_bio(bio) {
258 		bio_for_each_segment(bv, bio, iter) {
259 			/*
260 			 * If SG merging is disabled, each bio vector is
261 			 * a segment
262 			 */
263 			if (no_sg_merge)
264 				goto new_segment;
265 
266 			if (prev && cluster) {
267 				if (seg_size + bv.bv_len
268 				    > queue_max_segment_size(q))
269 					goto new_segment;
270 				if (!BIOVEC_PHYS_MERGEABLE(&bvprv, &bv))
271 					goto new_segment;
272 				if (!BIOVEC_SEG_BOUNDARY(q, &bvprv, &bv))
273 					goto new_segment;
274 
275 				seg_size += bv.bv_len;
276 				bvprv = bv;
277 				continue;
278 			}
279 new_segment:
280 			if (nr_phys_segs == 1 && seg_size >
281 			    fbio->bi_seg_front_size)
282 				fbio->bi_seg_front_size = seg_size;
283 
284 			nr_phys_segs++;
285 			bvprv = bv;
286 			prev = 1;
287 			seg_size = bv.bv_len;
288 		}
289 		bbio = bio;
290 	}
291 
292 	if (nr_phys_segs == 1 && seg_size > fbio->bi_seg_front_size)
293 		fbio->bi_seg_front_size = seg_size;
294 	if (seg_size > bbio->bi_seg_back_size)
295 		bbio->bi_seg_back_size = seg_size;
296 
297 	return nr_phys_segs;
298 }
299 
300 void blk_recalc_rq_segments(struct request *rq)
301 {
302 	bool no_sg_merge = !!test_bit(QUEUE_FLAG_NO_SG_MERGE,
303 			&rq->q->queue_flags);
304 
305 	rq->nr_phys_segments = __blk_recalc_rq_segments(rq->q, rq->bio,
306 			no_sg_merge);
307 }
308 
309 void blk_recount_segments(struct request_queue *q, struct bio *bio)
310 {
311 	unsigned short seg_cnt;
312 
313 	/* estimate segment number by bi_vcnt for non-cloned bio */
314 	if (bio_flagged(bio, BIO_CLONED))
315 		seg_cnt = bio_segments(bio);
316 	else
317 		seg_cnt = bio->bi_vcnt;
318 
319 	if (test_bit(QUEUE_FLAG_NO_SG_MERGE, &q->queue_flags) &&
320 			(seg_cnt < queue_max_segments(q)))
321 		bio->bi_phys_segments = seg_cnt;
322 	else {
323 		struct bio *nxt = bio->bi_next;
324 
325 		bio->bi_next = NULL;
326 		bio->bi_phys_segments = __blk_recalc_rq_segments(q, bio, false);
327 		bio->bi_next = nxt;
328 	}
329 
330 	bio_set_flag(bio, BIO_SEG_VALID);
331 }
332 EXPORT_SYMBOL(blk_recount_segments);
333 
334 static int blk_phys_contig_segment(struct request_queue *q, struct bio *bio,
335 				   struct bio *nxt)
336 {
337 	struct bio_vec end_bv = { NULL }, nxt_bv;
338 
339 	if (!blk_queue_cluster(q))
340 		return 0;
341 
342 	if (bio->bi_seg_back_size + nxt->bi_seg_front_size >
343 	    queue_max_segment_size(q))
344 		return 0;
345 
346 	if (!bio_has_data(bio))
347 		return 1;
348 
349 	bio_get_last_bvec(bio, &end_bv);
350 	bio_get_first_bvec(nxt, &nxt_bv);
351 
352 	if (!BIOVEC_PHYS_MERGEABLE(&end_bv, &nxt_bv))
353 		return 0;
354 
355 	/*
356 	 * bio and nxt are contiguous in memory; check if the queue allows
357 	 * these two to be merged into one
358 	 */
359 	if (BIOVEC_SEG_BOUNDARY(q, &end_bv, &nxt_bv))
360 		return 1;
361 
362 	return 0;
363 }
364 
365 static inline void
366 __blk_segment_map_sg(struct request_queue *q, struct bio_vec *bvec,
367 		     struct scatterlist *sglist, struct bio_vec *bvprv,
368 		     struct scatterlist **sg, int *nsegs, int *cluster)
369 {
370 
371 	int nbytes = bvec->bv_len;
372 
373 	if (*sg && *cluster) {
374 		if ((*sg)->length + nbytes > queue_max_segment_size(q))
375 			goto new_segment;
376 
377 		if (!BIOVEC_PHYS_MERGEABLE(bvprv, bvec))
378 			goto new_segment;
379 		if (!BIOVEC_SEG_BOUNDARY(q, bvprv, bvec))
380 			goto new_segment;
381 
382 		(*sg)->length += nbytes;
383 	} else {
384 new_segment:
385 		if (!*sg)
386 			*sg = sglist;
387 		else {
388 			/*
389 			 * If the driver previously mapped a shorter
390 			 * list, we could see a termination bit
391 			 * prematurely unless it fully inits the sg
392 			 * table on each mapping. We KNOW that there
393 			 * must be more entries here or the driver
394 			 * would be buggy, so force clear the
395 			 * termination bit to avoid doing a full
396 			 * sg_init_table() in drivers for each command.
397 			 */
398 			sg_unmark_end(*sg);
399 			*sg = sg_next(*sg);
400 		}
401 
402 		sg_set_page(*sg, bvec->bv_page, nbytes, bvec->bv_offset);
403 		(*nsegs)++;
404 	}
405 	*bvprv = *bvec;
406 }
407 
408 static inline int __blk_bvec_map_sg(struct request_queue *q, struct bio_vec bv,
409 		struct scatterlist *sglist, struct scatterlist **sg)
410 {
411 	*sg = sglist;
412 	sg_set_page(*sg, bv.bv_page, bv.bv_len, bv.bv_offset);
413 	return 1;
414 }
415 
416 static int __blk_bios_map_sg(struct request_queue *q, struct bio *bio,
417 			     struct scatterlist *sglist,
418 			     struct scatterlist **sg)
419 {
420 	struct bio_vec bvec, bvprv = { NULL };
421 	struct bvec_iter iter;
422 	int cluster = blk_queue_cluster(q), nsegs = 0;
423 
424 	for_each_bio(bio)
425 		bio_for_each_segment(bvec, bio, iter)
426 			__blk_segment_map_sg(q, &bvec, sglist, &bvprv, sg,
427 					     &nsegs, &cluster);
428 
429 	return nsegs;
430 }
431 
432 /*
433  * map a request to scatterlist, return number of sg entries setup. Caller
434  * must make sure sg can hold rq->nr_phys_segments entries
435  */
436 int blk_rq_map_sg(struct request_queue *q, struct request *rq,
437 		  struct scatterlist *sglist)
438 {
439 	struct scatterlist *sg = NULL;
440 	int nsegs = 0;
441 
442 	if (rq->rq_flags & RQF_SPECIAL_PAYLOAD)
443 		nsegs = __blk_bvec_map_sg(q, rq->special_vec, sglist, &sg);
444 	else if (rq->bio && bio_op(rq->bio) == REQ_OP_WRITE_SAME)
445 		nsegs = __blk_bvec_map_sg(q, bio_iovec(rq->bio), sglist, &sg);
446 	else if (rq->bio)
447 		nsegs = __blk_bios_map_sg(q, rq->bio, sglist, &sg);
448 
449 	if (unlikely(rq->rq_flags & RQF_COPY_USER) &&
450 	    (blk_rq_bytes(rq) & q->dma_pad_mask)) {
451 		unsigned int pad_len =
452 			(q->dma_pad_mask & ~blk_rq_bytes(rq)) + 1;
453 
454 		sg->length += pad_len;
455 		rq->extra_len += pad_len;
456 	}
457 
458 	if (q->dma_drain_size && q->dma_drain_needed(rq)) {
459 		if (op_is_write(req_op(rq)))
460 			memset(q->dma_drain_buffer, 0, q->dma_drain_size);
461 
462 		sg_unmark_end(sg);
463 		sg = sg_next(sg);
464 		sg_set_page(sg, virt_to_page(q->dma_drain_buffer),
465 			    q->dma_drain_size,
466 			    ((unsigned long)q->dma_drain_buffer) &
467 			    (PAGE_SIZE - 1));
468 		nsegs++;
469 		rq->extra_len += q->dma_drain_size;
470 	}
471 
472 	if (sg)
473 		sg_mark_end(sg);
474 
475 	/*
476 	 * Something must have been wrong if the figured number of
477 	 * segment is bigger than number of req's physical segments
478 	 */
479 	WARN_ON(nsegs > blk_rq_nr_phys_segments(rq));
480 
481 	return nsegs;
482 }
483 EXPORT_SYMBOL(blk_rq_map_sg);
484 
485 static inline int ll_new_hw_segment(struct request_queue *q,
486 				    struct request *req,
487 				    struct bio *bio)
488 {
489 	int nr_phys_segs = bio_phys_segments(q, bio);
490 
491 	if (req->nr_phys_segments + nr_phys_segs > queue_max_segments(q))
492 		goto no_merge;
493 
494 	if (blk_integrity_merge_bio(q, req, bio) == false)
495 		goto no_merge;
496 
497 	/*
498 	 * This will form the start of a new hw segment.  Bump both
499 	 * counters.
500 	 */
501 	req->nr_phys_segments += nr_phys_segs;
502 	return 1;
503 
504 no_merge:
505 	req_set_nomerge(q, req);
506 	return 0;
507 }
508 
509 int ll_back_merge_fn(struct request_queue *q, struct request *req,
510 		     struct bio *bio)
511 {
512 	if (req_gap_back_merge(req, bio))
513 		return 0;
514 	if (blk_integrity_rq(req) &&
515 	    integrity_req_gap_back_merge(req, bio))
516 		return 0;
517 	if (blk_rq_sectors(req) + bio_sectors(bio) >
518 	    blk_rq_get_max_sectors(req, blk_rq_pos(req))) {
519 		req_set_nomerge(q, req);
520 		return 0;
521 	}
522 	if (!bio_flagged(req->biotail, BIO_SEG_VALID))
523 		blk_recount_segments(q, req->biotail);
524 	if (!bio_flagged(bio, BIO_SEG_VALID))
525 		blk_recount_segments(q, bio);
526 
527 	return ll_new_hw_segment(q, req, bio);
528 }
529 
530 int ll_front_merge_fn(struct request_queue *q, struct request *req,
531 		      struct bio *bio)
532 {
533 
534 	if (req_gap_front_merge(req, bio))
535 		return 0;
536 	if (blk_integrity_rq(req) &&
537 	    integrity_req_gap_front_merge(req, bio))
538 		return 0;
539 	if (blk_rq_sectors(req) + bio_sectors(bio) >
540 	    blk_rq_get_max_sectors(req, bio->bi_iter.bi_sector)) {
541 		req_set_nomerge(q, req);
542 		return 0;
543 	}
544 	if (!bio_flagged(bio, BIO_SEG_VALID))
545 		blk_recount_segments(q, bio);
546 	if (!bio_flagged(req->bio, BIO_SEG_VALID))
547 		blk_recount_segments(q, req->bio);
548 
549 	return ll_new_hw_segment(q, req, bio);
550 }
551 
552 /*
553  * blk-mq uses req->special to carry normal driver per-request payload, it
554  * does not indicate a prepared command that we cannot merge with.
555  */
556 static bool req_no_special_merge(struct request *req)
557 {
558 	struct request_queue *q = req->q;
559 
560 	return !q->mq_ops && req->special;
561 }
562 
563 static int ll_merge_requests_fn(struct request_queue *q, struct request *req,
564 				struct request *next)
565 {
566 	int total_phys_segments;
567 	unsigned int seg_size =
568 		req->biotail->bi_seg_back_size + next->bio->bi_seg_front_size;
569 
570 	/*
571 	 * First check if the either of the requests are re-queued
572 	 * requests.  Can't merge them if they are.
573 	 */
574 	if (req_no_special_merge(req) || req_no_special_merge(next))
575 		return 0;
576 
577 	if (req_gap_back_merge(req, next->bio))
578 		return 0;
579 
580 	/*
581 	 * Will it become too large?
582 	 */
583 	if ((blk_rq_sectors(req) + blk_rq_sectors(next)) >
584 	    blk_rq_get_max_sectors(req, blk_rq_pos(req)))
585 		return 0;
586 
587 	total_phys_segments = req->nr_phys_segments + next->nr_phys_segments;
588 	if (blk_phys_contig_segment(q, req->biotail, next->bio)) {
589 		if (req->nr_phys_segments == 1)
590 			req->bio->bi_seg_front_size = seg_size;
591 		if (next->nr_phys_segments == 1)
592 			next->biotail->bi_seg_back_size = seg_size;
593 		total_phys_segments--;
594 	}
595 
596 	if (total_phys_segments > queue_max_segments(q))
597 		return 0;
598 
599 	if (blk_integrity_merge_rq(q, req, next) == false)
600 		return 0;
601 
602 	/* Merge is OK... */
603 	req->nr_phys_segments = total_phys_segments;
604 	return 1;
605 }
606 
607 /**
608  * blk_rq_set_mixed_merge - mark a request as mixed merge
609  * @rq: request to mark as mixed merge
610  *
611  * Description:
612  *     @rq is about to be mixed merged.  Make sure the attributes
613  *     which can be mixed are set in each bio and mark @rq as mixed
614  *     merged.
615  */
616 void blk_rq_set_mixed_merge(struct request *rq)
617 {
618 	unsigned int ff = rq->cmd_flags & REQ_FAILFAST_MASK;
619 	struct bio *bio;
620 
621 	if (rq->rq_flags & RQF_MIXED_MERGE)
622 		return;
623 
624 	/*
625 	 * @rq will no longer represent mixable attributes for all the
626 	 * contained bios.  It will just track those of the first one.
627 	 * Distributes the attributs to each bio.
628 	 */
629 	for (bio = rq->bio; bio; bio = bio->bi_next) {
630 		WARN_ON_ONCE((bio->bi_opf & REQ_FAILFAST_MASK) &&
631 			     (bio->bi_opf & REQ_FAILFAST_MASK) != ff);
632 		bio->bi_opf |= ff;
633 	}
634 	rq->rq_flags |= RQF_MIXED_MERGE;
635 }
636 
637 static void blk_account_io_merge(struct request *req)
638 {
639 	if (blk_do_io_stat(req)) {
640 		struct hd_struct *part;
641 		int cpu;
642 
643 		cpu = part_stat_lock();
644 		part = req->part;
645 
646 		part_round_stats(cpu, part);
647 		part_dec_in_flight(part, rq_data_dir(req));
648 
649 		hd_struct_put(part);
650 		part_stat_unlock();
651 	}
652 }
653 
654 /*
655  * For non-mq, this has to be called with the request spinlock acquired.
656  * For mq with scheduling, the appropriate queue wide lock should be held.
657  */
658 static struct request *attempt_merge(struct request_queue *q,
659 				     struct request *req, struct request *next)
660 {
661 	if (!rq_mergeable(req) || !rq_mergeable(next))
662 		return NULL;
663 
664 	if (req_op(req) != req_op(next))
665 		return NULL;
666 
667 	/*
668 	 * not contiguous
669 	 */
670 	if (blk_rq_pos(req) + blk_rq_sectors(req) != blk_rq_pos(next))
671 		return NULL;
672 
673 	if (rq_data_dir(req) != rq_data_dir(next)
674 	    || req->rq_disk != next->rq_disk
675 	    || req_no_special_merge(next))
676 		return NULL;
677 
678 	if (req_op(req) == REQ_OP_WRITE_SAME &&
679 	    !blk_write_same_mergeable(req->bio, next->bio))
680 		return NULL;
681 
682 	/*
683 	 * If we are allowed to merge, then append bio list
684 	 * from next to rq and release next. merge_requests_fn
685 	 * will have updated segment counts, update sector
686 	 * counts here.
687 	 */
688 	if (!ll_merge_requests_fn(q, req, next))
689 		return NULL;
690 
691 	/*
692 	 * If failfast settings disagree or any of the two is already
693 	 * a mixed merge, mark both as mixed before proceeding.  This
694 	 * makes sure that all involved bios have mixable attributes
695 	 * set properly.
696 	 */
697 	if (((req->rq_flags | next->rq_flags) & RQF_MIXED_MERGE) ||
698 	    (req->cmd_flags & REQ_FAILFAST_MASK) !=
699 	    (next->cmd_flags & REQ_FAILFAST_MASK)) {
700 		blk_rq_set_mixed_merge(req);
701 		blk_rq_set_mixed_merge(next);
702 	}
703 
704 	/*
705 	 * At this point we have either done a back merge
706 	 * or front merge. We need the smaller start_time of
707 	 * the merged requests to be the current request
708 	 * for accounting purposes.
709 	 */
710 	if (time_after(req->start_time, next->start_time))
711 		req->start_time = next->start_time;
712 
713 	req->biotail->bi_next = next->bio;
714 	req->biotail = next->biotail;
715 
716 	req->__data_len += blk_rq_bytes(next);
717 
718 	elv_merge_requests(q, req, next);
719 
720 	/*
721 	 * 'next' is going away, so update stats accordingly
722 	 */
723 	blk_account_io_merge(next);
724 
725 	req->ioprio = ioprio_best(req->ioprio, next->ioprio);
726 	if (blk_rq_cpu_valid(next))
727 		req->cpu = next->cpu;
728 
729 	/*
730 	 * ownership of bio passed from next to req, return 'next' for
731 	 * the caller to free
732 	 */
733 	next->bio = NULL;
734 	return next;
735 }
736 
737 struct request *attempt_back_merge(struct request_queue *q, struct request *rq)
738 {
739 	struct request *next = elv_latter_request(q, rq);
740 
741 	if (next)
742 		return attempt_merge(q, rq, next);
743 
744 	return NULL;
745 }
746 
747 struct request *attempt_front_merge(struct request_queue *q, struct request *rq)
748 {
749 	struct request *prev = elv_former_request(q, rq);
750 
751 	if (prev)
752 		return attempt_merge(q, prev, rq);
753 
754 	return NULL;
755 }
756 
757 int blk_attempt_req_merge(struct request_queue *q, struct request *rq,
758 			  struct request *next)
759 {
760 	struct elevator_queue *e = q->elevator;
761 	struct request *free;
762 
763 	if (!e->uses_mq && e->type->ops.sq.elevator_allow_rq_merge_fn)
764 		if (!e->type->ops.sq.elevator_allow_rq_merge_fn(q, rq, next))
765 			return 0;
766 
767 	free = attempt_merge(q, rq, next);
768 	if (free) {
769 		__blk_put_request(q, free);
770 		return 1;
771 	}
772 
773 	return 0;
774 }
775 
776 bool blk_rq_merge_ok(struct request *rq, struct bio *bio)
777 {
778 	if (!rq_mergeable(rq) || !bio_mergeable(bio))
779 		return false;
780 
781 	if (req_op(rq) != bio_op(bio))
782 		return false;
783 
784 	/* different data direction or already started, don't merge */
785 	if (bio_data_dir(bio) != rq_data_dir(rq))
786 		return false;
787 
788 	/* must be same device and not a special request */
789 	if (rq->rq_disk != bio->bi_bdev->bd_disk || req_no_special_merge(rq))
790 		return false;
791 
792 	/* only merge integrity protected bio into ditto rq */
793 	if (blk_integrity_merge_bio(rq->q, rq, bio) == false)
794 		return false;
795 
796 	/* must be using the same buffer */
797 	if (req_op(rq) == REQ_OP_WRITE_SAME &&
798 	    !blk_write_same_mergeable(rq->bio, bio))
799 		return false;
800 
801 	return true;
802 }
803 
804 enum elv_merge blk_try_merge(struct request *rq, struct bio *bio)
805 {
806 	if (req_op(rq) == REQ_OP_DISCARD &&
807 	    queue_max_discard_segments(rq->q) > 1)
808 		return ELEVATOR_DISCARD_MERGE;
809 	else if (blk_rq_pos(rq) + blk_rq_sectors(rq) == bio->bi_iter.bi_sector)
810 		return ELEVATOR_BACK_MERGE;
811 	else if (blk_rq_pos(rq) - bio_sectors(bio) == bio->bi_iter.bi_sector)
812 		return ELEVATOR_FRONT_MERGE;
813 	return ELEVATOR_NO_MERGE;
814 }
815