xref: /linux/arch/xtensa/kernel/traps.c (revision ea8a163e02d6925773129e2dd86e419e491b791d)
1 /*
2  * arch/xtensa/kernel/traps.c
3  *
4  * Exception handling.
5  *
6  * Derived from code with the following copyrights:
7  * Copyright (C) 1994 - 1999 by Ralf Baechle
8  * Modified for R3000 by Paul M. Antoine, 1995, 1996
9  * Complete output from die() by Ulf Carlsson, 1998
10  * Copyright (C) 1999 Silicon Graphics, Inc.
11  *
12  * Essentially rewritten for the Xtensa architecture port.
13  *
14  * Copyright (C) 2001 - 2013 Tensilica Inc.
15  *
16  * Joe Taylor	<joe@tensilica.com, joetylr@yahoo.com>
17  * Chris Zankel	<chris@zankel.net>
18  * Marc Gauthier<marc@tensilica.com, marc@alumni.uwaterloo.ca>
19  * Kevin Chea
20  *
21  * This file is subject to the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public
22  * License.  See the file "COPYING" in the main directory of this archive
23  * for more details.
24  */
25 
26 #include <linux/kernel.h>
27 #include <linux/sched/signal.h>
28 #include <linux/sched/debug.h>
29 #include <linux/sched/task_stack.h>
30 #include <linux/init.h>
31 #include <linux/module.h>
32 #include <linux/stringify.h>
33 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
34 #include <linux/delay.h>
35 #include <linux/hardirq.h>
36 #include <linux/ratelimit.h>
37 #include <linux/pgtable.h>
38 
39 #include <asm/stacktrace.h>
40 #include <asm/ptrace.h>
41 #include <asm/timex.h>
42 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
43 #include <asm/processor.h>
44 #include <asm/traps.h>
45 #include <asm/hw_breakpoint.h>
46 
47 /*
48  * Machine specific interrupt handlers
49  */
50 
51 extern void kernel_exception(void);
52 extern void user_exception(void);
53 
54 extern void fast_illegal_instruction_user(void);
55 extern void fast_syscall_user(void);
56 extern void fast_alloca(void);
57 extern void fast_unaligned(void);
58 extern void fast_second_level_miss(void);
59 extern void fast_store_prohibited(void);
60 extern void fast_coprocessor(void);
61 
62 extern void do_illegal_instruction (struct pt_regs*);
63 extern void do_interrupt (struct pt_regs*);
64 extern void do_nmi(struct pt_regs *);
65 extern void do_unaligned_user (struct pt_regs*);
66 extern void do_multihit (struct pt_regs*, unsigned long);
67 extern void do_page_fault (struct pt_regs*, unsigned long);
68 extern void do_debug (struct pt_regs*);
69 extern void system_call (struct pt_regs*);
70 
71 /*
72  * The vector table must be preceded by a save area (which
73  * implies it must be in RAM, unless one places RAM immediately
74  * before a ROM and puts the vector at the start of the ROM (!))
75  */
76 
77 #define KRNL		0x01
78 #define USER		0x02
79 
80 #define COPROCESSOR(x)							\
81 { EXCCAUSE_COPROCESSOR ## x ## _DISABLED, USER, fast_coprocessor }
82 
83 typedef struct {
84 	int cause;
85 	int fast;
86 	void* handler;
87 } dispatch_init_table_t;
88 
89 static dispatch_init_table_t __initdata dispatch_init_table[] = {
90 
91 #ifdef CONFIG_USER_ABI_CALL0_PROBE
92 { EXCCAUSE_ILLEGAL_INSTRUCTION,	USER,	   fast_illegal_instruction_user },
93 #endif
94 { EXCCAUSE_ILLEGAL_INSTRUCTION,	0,	   do_illegal_instruction},
95 { EXCCAUSE_SYSTEM_CALL,		USER,	   fast_syscall_user },
96 { EXCCAUSE_SYSTEM_CALL,		0,	   system_call },
97 /* EXCCAUSE_INSTRUCTION_FETCH unhandled */
98 /* EXCCAUSE_LOAD_STORE_ERROR unhandled*/
99 { EXCCAUSE_LEVEL1_INTERRUPT,	0,	   do_interrupt },
100 #ifdef SUPPORT_WINDOWED
101 { EXCCAUSE_ALLOCA,		USER|KRNL, fast_alloca },
102 #endif
103 /* EXCCAUSE_INTEGER_DIVIDE_BY_ZERO unhandled */
104 /* EXCCAUSE_PRIVILEGED unhandled */
105 #if XCHAL_UNALIGNED_LOAD_EXCEPTION || XCHAL_UNALIGNED_STORE_EXCEPTION
106 #ifdef CONFIG_XTENSA_UNALIGNED_USER
107 { EXCCAUSE_UNALIGNED,		USER,	   fast_unaligned },
108 #endif
109 { EXCCAUSE_UNALIGNED,		0,	   do_unaligned_user },
110 { EXCCAUSE_UNALIGNED,		KRNL,	   fast_unaligned },
111 #endif
112 #ifdef CONFIG_MMU
113 { EXCCAUSE_ITLB_MISS,		0,	   do_page_fault },
114 { EXCCAUSE_ITLB_MISS,		USER|KRNL, fast_second_level_miss},
115 { EXCCAUSE_ITLB_MULTIHIT,		0,	   do_multihit },
116 { EXCCAUSE_ITLB_PRIVILEGE,	0,	   do_page_fault },
117 /* EXCCAUSE_SIZE_RESTRICTION unhandled */
118 { EXCCAUSE_FETCH_CACHE_ATTRIBUTE,	0,	   do_page_fault },
119 { EXCCAUSE_DTLB_MISS,		USER|KRNL, fast_second_level_miss},
120 { EXCCAUSE_DTLB_MISS,		0,	   do_page_fault },
121 { EXCCAUSE_DTLB_MULTIHIT,		0,	   do_multihit },
122 { EXCCAUSE_DTLB_PRIVILEGE,	0,	   do_page_fault },
123 /* EXCCAUSE_DTLB_SIZE_RESTRICTION unhandled */
124 { EXCCAUSE_STORE_CACHE_ATTRIBUTE,	USER|KRNL, fast_store_prohibited },
125 { EXCCAUSE_STORE_CACHE_ATTRIBUTE,	0,	   do_page_fault },
126 { EXCCAUSE_LOAD_CACHE_ATTRIBUTE,	0,	   do_page_fault },
127 #endif /* CONFIG_MMU */
128 /* XCCHAL_EXCCAUSE_FLOATING_POINT unhandled */
129 #if XTENSA_HAVE_COPROCESSOR(0)
130 COPROCESSOR(0),
131 #endif
132 #if XTENSA_HAVE_COPROCESSOR(1)
133 COPROCESSOR(1),
134 #endif
135 #if XTENSA_HAVE_COPROCESSOR(2)
136 COPROCESSOR(2),
137 #endif
138 #if XTENSA_HAVE_COPROCESSOR(3)
139 COPROCESSOR(3),
140 #endif
141 #if XTENSA_HAVE_COPROCESSOR(4)
142 COPROCESSOR(4),
143 #endif
144 #if XTENSA_HAVE_COPROCESSOR(5)
145 COPROCESSOR(5),
146 #endif
147 #if XTENSA_HAVE_COPROCESSOR(6)
148 COPROCESSOR(6),
149 #endif
150 #if XTENSA_HAVE_COPROCESSOR(7)
151 COPROCESSOR(7),
152 #endif
153 #if XTENSA_FAKE_NMI
154 { EXCCAUSE_MAPPED_NMI,			0,		do_nmi },
155 #endif
156 { EXCCAUSE_MAPPED_DEBUG,		0,		do_debug },
157 { -1, -1, 0 }
158 
159 };
160 
161 /* The exception table <exc_table> serves two functions:
162  * 1. it contains three dispatch tables (fast_user, fast_kernel, default-c)
163  * 2. it is a temporary memory buffer for the exception handlers.
164  */
165 
166 DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct exc_table, exc_table);
167 DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct debug_table, debug_table);
168 
169 void die(const char*, struct pt_regs*, long);
170 
171 static inline void
172 __die_if_kernel(const char *str, struct pt_regs *regs, long err)
173 {
174 	if (!user_mode(regs))
175 		die(str, regs, err);
176 }
177 
178 /*
179  * Unhandled Exceptions. Kill user task or panic if in kernel space.
180  */
181 
182 void do_unhandled(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long exccause)
183 {
184 	__die_if_kernel("Caught unhandled exception - should not happen",
185 			regs, SIGKILL);
186 
187 	/* If in user mode, send SIGILL signal to current process */
188 	pr_info_ratelimited("Caught unhandled exception in '%s' "
189 			    "(pid = %d, pc = %#010lx) - should not happen\n"
190 			    "\tEXCCAUSE is %ld\n",
191 			    current->comm, task_pid_nr(current), regs->pc,
192 			    exccause);
193 	force_sig(SIGILL);
194 }
195 
196 /*
197  * Multi-hit exception. This if fatal!
198  */
199 
200 void do_multihit(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long exccause)
201 {
202 	die("Caught multihit exception", regs, SIGKILL);
203 }
204 
205 /*
206  * IRQ handler.
207  */
208 
209 extern void do_IRQ(int, struct pt_regs *);
210 
211 #if XTENSA_FAKE_NMI
212 
213 #define IS_POW2(v) (((v) & ((v) - 1)) == 0)
214 
215 #if !(PROFILING_INTLEVEL == XCHAL_EXCM_LEVEL && \
216       IS_POW2(XTENSA_INTLEVEL_MASK(PROFILING_INTLEVEL)))
217 #warning "Fake NMI is requested for PMM, but there are other IRQs at or above its level."
218 #warning "Fake NMI will be used, but there will be a bugcheck if one of those IRQs fire."
219 
220 static inline void check_valid_nmi(void)
221 {
222 	unsigned intread = xtensa_get_sr(interrupt);
223 	unsigned intenable = xtensa_get_sr(intenable);
224 
225 	BUG_ON(intread & intenable &
226 	       ~(XTENSA_INTLEVEL_ANDBELOW_MASK(PROFILING_INTLEVEL) ^
227 		 XTENSA_INTLEVEL_MASK(PROFILING_INTLEVEL) ^
228 		 BIT(XCHAL_PROFILING_INTERRUPT)));
229 }
230 
231 #else
232 
233 static inline void check_valid_nmi(void)
234 {
235 }
236 
237 #endif
238 
239 irqreturn_t xtensa_pmu_irq_handler(int irq, void *dev_id);
240 
241 DEFINE_PER_CPU(unsigned long, nmi_count);
242 
243 void do_nmi(struct pt_regs *regs)
244 {
245 	struct pt_regs *old_regs;
246 
247 	if ((regs->ps & PS_INTLEVEL_MASK) < LOCKLEVEL)
248 		trace_hardirqs_off();
249 
250 	old_regs = set_irq_regs(regs);
251 	nmi_enter();
252 	++*this_cpu_ptr(&nmi_count);
253 	check_valid_nmi();
254 	xtensa_pmu_irq_handler(0, NULL);
255 	nmi_exit();
256 	set_irq_regs(old_regs);
257 }
258 #endif
259 
260 void do_interrupt(struct pt_regs *regs)
261 {
262 	static const unsigned int_level_mask[] = {
263 		0,
264 		XCHAL_INTLEVEL1_MASK,
265 		XCHAL_INTLEVEL2_MASK,
266 		XCHAL_INTLEVEL3_MASK,
267 		XCHAL_INTLEVEL4_MASK,
268 		XCHAL_INTLEVEL5_MASK,
269 		XCHAL_INTLEVEL6_MASK,
270 		XCHAL_INTLEVEL7_MASK,
271 	};
272 	struct pt_regs *old_regs;
273 	unsigned unhandled = ~0u;
274 
275 	trace_hardirqs_off();
276 
277 	old_regs = set_irq_regs(regs);
278 	irq_enter();
279 
280 	for (;;) {
281 		unsigned intread = xtensa_get_sr(interrupt);
282 		unsigned intenable = xtensa_get_sr(intenable);
283 		unsigned int_at_level = intread & intenable;
284 		unsigned level;
285 
286 		for (level = LOCKLEVEL; level > 0; --level) {
287 			if (int_at_level & int_level_mask[level]) {
288 				int_at_level &= int_level_mask[level];
289 				if (int_at_level & unhandled)
290 					int_at_level &= unhandled;
291 				else
292 					unhandled |= int_level_mask[level];
293 				break;
294 			}
295 		}
296 
297 		if (level == 0)
298 			break;
299 
300 		/* clear lowest pending irq in the unhandled mask */
301 		unhandled ^= (int_at_level & -int_at_level);
302 		do_IRQ(__ffs(int_at_level), regs);
303 	}
304 
305 	irq_exit();
306 	set_irq_regs(old_regs);
307 }
308 
309 /*
310  * Illegal instruction. Fatal if in kernel space.
311  */
312 
313 void
314 do_illegal_instruction(struct pt_regs *regs)
315 {
316 	__die_if_kernel("Illegal instruction in kernel", regs, SIGKILL);
317 
318 	/* If in user mode, send SIGILL signal to current process. */
319 
320 	pr_info_ratelimited("Illegal Instruction in '%s' (pid = %d, pc = %#010lx)\n",
321 			    current->comm, task_pid_nr(current), regs->pc);
322 	force_sig(SIGILL);
323 }
324 
325 
326 /*
327  * Handle unaligned memory accesses from user space. Kill task.
328  *
329  * If CONFIG_UNALIGNED_USER is not set, we don't allow unaligned memory
330  * accesses causes from user space.
331  */
332 
333 #if XCHAL_UNALIGNED_LOAD_EXCEPTION || XCHAL_UNALIGNED_STORE_EXCEPTION
334 void
335 do_unaligned_user (struct pt_regs *regs)
336 {
337 	__die_if_kernel("Unhandled unaligned exception in kernel",
338 			regs, SIGKILL);
339 
340 	current->thread.bad_vaddr = regs->excvaddr;
341 	current->thread.error_code = -3;
342 	pr_info_ratelimited("Unaligned memory access to %08lx in '%s' "
343 			    "(pid = %d, pc = %#010lx)\n",
344 			    regs->excvaddr, current->comm,
345 			    task_pid_nr(current), regs->pc);
346 	force_sig_fault(SIGBUS, BUS_ADRALN, (void *) regs->excvaddr);
347 }
348 #endif
349 
350 /* Handle debug events.
351  * When CONFIG_HAVE_HW_BREAKPOINT is on this handler is called with
352  * preemption disabled to avoid rescheduling and keep mapping of hardware
353  * breakpoint structures to debug registers intact, so that
354  * DEBUGCAUSE.DBNUM could be used in case of data breakpoint hit.
355  */
356 void
357 do_debug(struct pt_regs *regs)
358 {
359 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_HW_BREAKPOINT
360 	int ret = check_hw_breakpoint(regs);
361 
362 	preempt_enable();
363 	if (ret == 0)
364 		return;
365 #endif
366 	__die_if_kernel("Breakpoint in kernel", regs, SIGKILL);
367 
368 	/* If in user mode, send SIGTRAP signal to current process */
369 
370 	force_sig(SIGTRAP);
371 }
372 
373 
374 #define set_handler(type, cause, handler)				\
375 	do {								\
376 		unsigned int cpu;					\
377 									\
378 		for_each_possible_cpu(cpu)				\
379 			per_cpu(exc_table, cpu).type[cause] = (handler);\
380 	} while (0)
381 
382 /* Set exception C handler - for temporary use when probing exceptions */
383 
384 void * __init trap_set_handler(int cause, void *handler)
385 {
386 	void *previous = per_cpu(exc_table, 0).default_handler[cause];
387 
388 	set_handler(default_handler, cause, handler);
389 	return previous;
390 }
391 
392 
393 static void trap_init_excsave(void)
394 {
395 	unsigned long excsave1 = (unsigned long)this_cpu_ptr(&exc_table);
396 	__asm__ __volatile__("wsr  %0, excsave1\n" : : "a" (excsave1));
397 }
398 
399 static void trap_init_debug(void)
400 {
401 	unsigned long debugsave = (unsigned long)this_cpu_ptr(&debug_table);
402 
403 	this_cpu_ptr(&debug_table)->debug_exception = debug_exception;
404 	__asm__ __volatile__("wsr %0, excsave" __stringify(XCHAL_DEBUGLEVEL)
405 			     :: "a"(debugsave));
406 }
407 
408 /*
409  * Initialize dispatch tables.
410  *
411  * The exception vectors are stored compressed the __init section in the
412  * dispatch_init_table. This function initializes the following three tables
413  * from that compressed table:
414  * - fast user		first dispatch table for user exceptions
415  * - fast kernel	first dispatch table for kernel exceptions
416  * - default C-handler	C-handler called by the default fast handler.
417  *
418  * See vectors.S for more details.
419  */
420 
421 void __init trap_init(void)
422 {
423 	int i;
424 
425 	/* Setup default vectors. */
426 
427 	for (i = 0; i < EXCCAUSE_N; i++) {
428 		set_handler(fast_user_handler, i, user_exception);
429 		set_handler(fast_kernel_handler, i, kernel_exception);
430 		set_handler(default_handler, i, do_unhandled);
431 	}
432 
433 	/* Setup specific handlers. */
434 
435 	for(i = 0; dispatch_init_table[i].cause >= 0; i++) {
436 		int fast = dispatch_init_table[i].fast;
437 		int cause = dispatch_init_table[i].cause;
438 		void *handler = dispatch_init_table[i].handler;
439 
440 		if (fast == 0)
441 			set_handler(default_handler, cause, handler);
442 		if ((fast & USER) != 0)
443 			set_handler(fast_user_handler, cause, handler);
444 		if ((fast & KRNL) != 0)
445 			set_handler(fast_kernel_handler, cause, handler);
446 	}
447 
448 	/* Initialize EXCSAVE_1 to hold the address of the exception table. */
449 	trap_init_excsave();
450 	trap_init_debug();
451 }
452 
453 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
454 void secondary_trap_init(void)
455 {
456 	trap_init_excsave();
457 	trap_init_debug();
458 }
459 #endif
460 
461 /*
462  * This function dumps the current valid window frame and other base registers.
463  */
464 
465 void show_regs(struct pt_regs * regs)
466 {
467 	int i;
468 
469 	show_regs_print_info(KERN_DEFAULT);
470 
471 	for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
472 		if ((i % 8) == 0)
473 			pr_info("a%02d:", i);
474 		pr_cont(" %08lx", regs->areg[i]);
475 	}
476 	pr_cont("\n");
477 	pr_info("pc: %08lx, ps: %08lx, depc: %08lx, excvaddr: %08lx\n",
478 		regs->pc, regs->ps, regs->depc, regs->excvaddr);
479 	pr_info("lbeg: %08lx, lend: %08lx lcount: %08lx, sar: %08lx\n",
480 		regs->lbeg, regs->lend, regs->lcount, regs->sar);
481 	if (user_mode(regs))
482 		pr_cont("wb: %08lx, ws: %08lx, wmask: %08lx, syscall: %ld\n",
483 			regs->windowbase, regs->windowstart, regs->wmask,
484 			regs->syscall);
485 }
486 
487 static int show_trace_cb(struct stackframe *frame, void *data)
488 {
489 	const char *loglvl = data;
490 
491 	if (kernel_text_address(frame->pc))
492 		printk("%s [<%08lx>] %pB\n",
493 			loglvl, frame->pc, (void *)frame->pc);
494 	return 0;
495 }
496 
497 static void show_trace(struct task_struct *task, unsigned long *sp,
498 		       const char *loglvl)
499 {
500 	if (!sp)
501 		sp = stack_pointer(task);
502 
503 	printk("%sCall Trace:\n", loglvl);
504 	walk_stackframe(sp, show_trace_cb, (void *)loglvl);
505 }
506 
507 #define STACK_DUMP_ENTRY_SIZE 4
508 #define STACK_DUMP_LINE_SIZE 32
509 static size_t kstack_depth_to_print = CONFIG_PRINT_STACK_DEPTH;
510 
511 void show_stack(struct task_struct *task, unsigned long *sp, const char *loglvl)
512 {
513 	size_t len;
514 
515 	if (!sp)
516 		sp = stack_pointer(task);
517 
518 	len = min((-(size_t)sp) & (THREAD_SIZE - STACK_DUMP_ENTRY_SIZE),
519 		  kstack_depth_to_print * STACK_DUMP_ENTRY_SIZE);
520 
521 	printk("%sStack:\n", loglvl);
522 	print_hex_dump(loglvl, " ", DUMP_PREFIX_NONE,
523 		       STACK_DUMP_LINE_SIZE, STACK_DUMP_ENTRY_SIZE,
524 		       sp, len, false);
525 	show_trace(task, sp, loglvl);
526 }
527 
528 DEFINE_SPINLOCK(die_lock);
529 
530 void __noreturn die(const char * str, struct pt_regs * regs, long err)
531 {
532 	static int die_counter;
533 	const char *pr = "";
534 
535 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PREEMPTION))
536 		pr = IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PREEMPT_RT) ? " PREEMPT_RT" : " PREEMPT";
537 
538 	console_verbose();
539 	spin_lock_irq(&die_lock);
540 
541 	pr_info("%s: sig: %ld [#%d]%s\n", str, err, ++die_counter, pr);
542 	show_regs(regs);
543 	if (!user_mode(regs))
544 		show_stack(NULL, (unsigned long *)regs->areg[1], KERN_INFO);
545 
546 	add_taint(TAINT_DIE, LOCKDEP_NOW_UNRELIABLE);
547 	spin_unlock_irq(&die_lock);
548 
549 	if (in_interrupt())
550 		panic("Fatal exception in interrupt");
551 
552 	if (panic_on_oops)
553 		panic("Fatal exception");
554 
555 	do_exit(err);
556 }
557