xref: /linux/arch/xtensa/include/asm/pgtable.h (revision a1c3be890440a1769ed6f822376a3e3ab0d42994)
1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only */
2 /*
3  * include/asm-xtensa/pgtable.h
4  *
5  * Copyright (C) 2001 - 2013 Tensilica Inc.
6  */
7 
8 #ifndef _XTENSA_PGTABLE_H
9 #define _XTENSA_PGTABLE_H
10 
11 #include <asm/page.h>
12 #include <asm/kmem_layout.h>
13 #include <asm-generic/pgtable-nopmd.h>
14 
15 /*
16  * We only use two ring levels, user and kernel space.
17  */
18 
19 #ifdef CONFIG_MMU
20 #define USER_RING		1	/* user ring level */
21 #else
22 #define USER_RING		0
23 #endif
24 #define KERNEL_RING		0	/* kernel ring level */
25 
26 /*
27  * The Xtensa architecture port of Linux has a two-level page table system,
28  * i.e. the logical three-level Linux page table layout is folded.
29  * Each task has the following memory page tables:
30  *
31  *   PGD table (page directory), ie. 3rd-level page table:
32  *	One page (4 kB) of 1024 (PTRS_PER_PGD) pointers to PTE tables
33  *	(Architectures that don't have the PMD folded point to the PMD tables)
34  *
35  *	The pointer to the PGD table for a given task can be retrieved from
36  *	the task structure (struct task_struct*) t, e.g. current():
37  *	  (t->mm ? t->mm : t->active_mm)->pgd
38  *
39  *   PMD tables (page middle-directory), ie. 2nd-level page tables:
40  *	Absent for the Xtensa architecture (folded, PTRS_PER_PMD == 1).
41  *
42  *   PTE tables (page table entry), ie. 1st-level page tables:
43  *	One page (4 kB) of 1024 (PTRS_PER_PTE) PTEs with a special PTE
44  *	invalid_pte_table for absent mappings.
45  *
46  * The individual pages are 4 kB big with special pages for the empty_zero_page.
47  */
48 
49 #define PGDIR_SHIFT	22
50 #define PGDIR_SIZE	(1UL << PGDIR_SHIFT)
51 #define PGDIR_MASK	(~(PGDIR_SIZE-1))
52 
53 /*
54  * Entries per page directory level: we use two-level, so
55  * we don't really have any PMD directory physically.
56  */
57 #define PTRS_PER_PTE		1024
58 #define PTRS_PER_PTE_SHIFT	10
59 #define PTRS_PER_PGD		1024
60 #define PGD_ORDER		0
61 #define USER_PTRS_PER_PGD	(TASK_SIZE/PGDIR_SIZE)
62 #define FIRST_USER_ADDRESS	0UL
63 #define FIRST_USER_PGD_NR	(FIRST_USER_ADDRESS >> PGDIR_SHIFT)
64 
65 #ifdef CONFIG_MMU
66 /*
67  * Virtual memory area. We keep a distance to other memory regions to be
68  * on the safe side. We also use this area for cache aliasing.
69  */
70 #define VMALLOC_START		(XCHAL_KSEG_CACHED_VADDR - 0x10000000)
71 #define VMALLOC_END		(VMALLOC_START + 0x07FEFFFF)
72 #define TLBTEMP_BASE_1		(VMALLOC_START + 0x08000000)
73 #define TLBTEMP_BASE_2		(TLBTEMP_BASE_1 + DCACHE_WAY_SIZE)
74 #if 2 * DCACHE_WAY_SIZE > ICACHE_WAY_SIZE
75 #define TLBTEMP_SIZE		(2 * DCACHE_WAY_SIZE)
76 #else
77 #define TLBTEMP_SIZE		ICACHE_WAY_SIZE
78 #endif
79 
80 #else
81 
82 #define VMALLOC_START		__XTENSA_UL_CONST(0)
83 #define VMALLOC_END		__XTENSA_UL_CONST(0xffffffff)
84 
85 #endif
86 
87 /*
88  * For the Xtensa architecture, the PTE layout is as follows:
89  *
90  *		31------12  11  10-9   8-6  5-4  3-2  1-0
91  *		+-----------------------------------------+
92  *		|           |   Software   |   HARDWARE   |
93  *		|    PPN    |          ADW | RI |Attribute|
94  *		+-----------------------------------------+
95  *   pte_none	|             MBZ          | 01 | 11 | 00 |
96  *		+-----------------------------------------+
97  *   present	|    PPN    | 0 | 00 | ADW | RI | CA | wx |
98  *		+- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -+
99  *   (PAGE_NONE)|    PPN    | 0 | 00 | ADW | 01 | 11 | 11 |
100  *		+-----------------------------------------+
101  *   swap	|     index     |   type   | 01 | 11 | 00 |
102  *		+-----------------------------------------+
103  *
104  * For T1050 hardware and earlier the layout differs for present and (PAGE_NONE)
105  *		+-----------------------------------------+
106  *   present	|    PPN    | 0 | 00 | ADW | RI | CA | w1 |
107  *		+-----------------------------------------+
108  *   (PAGE_NONE)|    PPN    | 0 | 00 | ADW | 01 | 01 | 00 |
109  *		+-----------------------------------------+
110  *
111  *  Legend:
112  *   PPN        Physical Page Number
113  *   ADW	software: accessed (young) / dirty / writable
114  *   RI         ring (0=privileged, 1=user, 2 and 3 are unused)
115  *   CA		cache attribute: 00 bypass, 01 writeback, 10 writethrough
116  *		(11 is invalid and used to mark pages that are not present)
117  *   w		page is writable (hw)
118  *   x		page is executable (hw)
119  *   index      swap offset / PAGE_SIZE (bit 11-31: 21 bits -> 8 GB)
120  *		(note that the index is always non-zero)
121  *   type       swap type (5 bits -> 32 types)
122  *
123  *  Notes:
124  *   - (PROT_NONE) is a special case of 'present' but causes an exception for
125  *     any access (read, write, and execute).
126  *   - 'multihit-exception' has the highest priority of all MMU exceptions,
127  *     so the ring must be set to 'RING_USER' even for 'non-present' pages.
128  *   - on older hardware, the exectuable flag was not supported and
129  *     used as a 'valid' flag, so it needs to be always set.
130  *   - we need to keep track of certain flags in software (dirty and young)
131  *     to do this, we use write exceptions and have a separate software w-flag.
132  *   - attribute value 1101 (and 1111 on T1050 and earlier) is reserved
133  */
134 
135 #define _PAGE_ATTRIB_MASK	0xf
136 
137 #define _PAGE_HW_EXEC		(1<<0)	/* hardware: page is executable */
138 #define _PAGE_HW_WRITE		(1<<1)	/* hardware: page is writable */
139 
140 #define _PAGE_CA_BYPASS		(0<<2)	/* bypass, non-speculative */
141 #define _PAGE_CA_WB		(1<<2)	/* write-back */
142 #define _PAGE_CA_WT		(2<<2)	/* write-through */
143 #define _PAGE_CA_MASK		(3<<2)
144 #define _PAGE_CA_INVALID	(3<<2)
145 
146 /* We use invalid attribute values to distinguish special pte entries */
147 #if XCHAL_HW_VERSION_MAJOR < 2000
148 #define _PAGE_HW_VALID		0x01	/* older HW needed this bit set */
149 #define _PAGE_NONE		0x04
150 #else
151 #define _PAGE_HW_VALID		0x00
152 #define _PAGE_NONE		0x0f
153 #endif
154 
155 #define _PAGE_USER		(1<<4)	/* user access (ring=1) */
156 
157 /* Software */
158 #define _PAGE_WRITABLE_BIT	6
159 #define _PAGE_WRITABLE		(1<<6)	/* software: page writable */
160 #define _PAGE_DIRTY		(1<<7)	/* software: page dirty */
161 #define _PAGE_ACCESSED		(1<<8)	/* software: page accessed (read) */
162 
163 #ifdef CONFIG_MMU
164 
165 #define _PAGE_CHG_MASK	   (PAGE_MASK | _PAGE_ACCESSED | _PAGE_DIRTY)
166 #define _PAGE_PRESENT	   (_PAGE_HW_VALID | _PAGE_CA_WB | _PAGE_ACCESSED)
167 
168 #define PAGE_NONE	   __pgprot(_PAGE_NONE | _PAGE_USER)
169 #define PAGE_COPY	   __pgprot(_PAGE_PRESENT | _PAGE_USER)
170 #define PAGE_COPY_EXEC	   __pgprot(_PAGE_PRESENT | _PAGE_USER | _PAGE_HW_EXEC)
171 #define PAGE_READONLY	   __pgprot(_PAGE_PRESENT | _PAGE_USER)
172 #define PAGE_READONLY_EXEC __pgprot(_PAGE_PRESENT | _PAGE_USER | _PAGE_HW_EXEC)
173 #define PAGE_SHARED	   __pgprot(_PAGE_PRESENT | _PAGE_USER | _PAGE_WRITABLE)
174 #define PAGE_SHARED_EXEC \
175 	__pgprot(_PAGE_PRESENT | _PAGE_USER | _PAGE_WRITABLE | _PAGE_HW_EXEC)
176 #define PAGE_KERNEL	   __pgprot(_PAGE_PRESENT | _PAGE_HW_WRITE)
177 #define PAGE_KERNEL_RO	   __pgprot(_PAGE_PRESENT)
178 #define PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC   __pgprot(_PAGE_PRESENT|_PAGE_HW_WRITE|_PAGE_HW_EXEC)
179 
180 #if (DCACHE_WAY_SIZE > PAGE_SIZE)
181 # define _PAGE_DIRECTORY   (_PAGE_HW_VALID | _PAGE_ACCESSED | _PAGE_CA_BYPASS)
182 #else
183 # define _PAGE_DIRECTORY   (_PAGE_HW_VALID | _PAGE_ACCESSED | _PAGE_CA_WB)
184 #endif
185 
186 #else /* no mmu */
187 
188 # define _PAGE_CHG_MASK  (PAGE_MASK | _PAGE_ACCESSED | _PAGE_DIRTY)
189 # define PAGE_NONE       __pgprot(0)
190 # define PAGE_SHARED     __pgprot(0)
191 # define PAGE_COPY       __pgprot(0)
192 # define PAGE_READONLY   __pgprot(0)
193 # define PAGE_KERNEL     __pgprot(0)
194 
195 #endif
196 
197 /*
198  * On certain configurations of Xtensa MMUs (eg. the initial Linux config),
199  * the MMU can't do page protection for execute, and considers that the same as
200  * read.  Also, write permissions may imply read permissions.
201  * What follows is the closest we can get by reasonable means..
202  * See linux/mm/mmap.c for protection_map[] array that uses these definitions.
203  */
204 #define __P000	PAGE_NONE		/* private --- */
205 #define __P001	PAGE_READONLY		/* private --r */
206 #define __P010	PAGE_COPY		/* private -w- */
207 #define __P011	PAGE_COPY		/* private -wr */
208 #define __P100	PAGE_READONLY_EXEC	/* private x-- */
209 #define __P101	PAGE_READONLY_EXEC	/* private x-r */
210 #define __P110	PAGE_COPY_EXEC		/* private xw- */
211 #define __P111	PAGE_COPY_EXEC		/* private xwr */
212 
213 #define __S000	PAGE_NONE		/* shared  --- */
214 #define __S001	PAGE_READONLY		/* shared  --r */
215 #define __S010	PAGE_SHARED		/* shared  -w- */
216 #define __S011	PAGE_SHARED		/* shared  -wr */
217 #define __S100	PAGE_READONLY_EXEC	/* shared  x-- */
218 #define __S101	PAGE_READONLY_EXEC	/* shared  x-r */
219 #define __S110	PAGE_SHARED_EXEC	/* shared  xw- */
220 #define __S111	PAGE_SHARED_EXEC	/* shared  xwr */
221 
222 #ifndef __ASSEMBLY__
223 
224 #define pte_ERROR(e) \
225 	printk("%s:%d: bad pte %08lx.\n", __FILE__, __LINE__, pte_val(e))
226 #define pgd_ERROR(e) \
227 	printk("%s:%d: bad pgd entry %08lx.\n", __FILE__, __LINE__, pgd_val(e))
228 
229 extern unsigned long empty_zero_page[1024];
230 
231 #define ZERO_PAGE(vaddr) (virt_to_page(empty_zero_page))
232 
233 #ifdef CONFIG_MMU
234 extern pgd_t swapper_pg_dir[PAGE_SIZE/sizeof(pgd_t)];
235 extern void paging_init(void);
236 #else
237 # define swapper_pg_dir NULL
238 static inline void paging_init(void) { }
239 #endif
240 
241 /*
242  * The pmd contains the kernel virtual address of the pte page.
243  */
244 #define pmd_page_vaddr(pmd) ((unsigned long)(pmd_val(pmd) & PAGE_MASK))
245 #define pmd_page(pmd) virt_to_page(pmd_val(pmd))
246 
247 /*
248  * pte status.
249  */
250 # define pte_none(pte)	 (pte_val(pte) == (_PAGE_CA_INVALID | _PAGE_USER))
251 #if XCHAL_HW_VERSION_MAJOR < 2000
252 # define pte_present(pte) ((pte_val(pte) & _PAGE_CA_MASK) != _PAGE_CA_INVALID)
253 #else
254 # define pte_present(pte)						\
255 	(((pte_val(pte) & _PAGE_CA_MASK) != _PAGE_CA_INVALID)		\
256 	 || ((pte_val(pte) & _PAGE_ATTRIB_MASK) == _PAGE_NONE))
257 #endif
258 #define pte_clear(mm,addr,ptep)						\
259 	do { update_pte(ptep, __pte(_PAGE_CA_INVALID | _PAGE_USER)); } while (0)
260 
261 #define pmd_none(pmd)	 (!pmd_val(pmd))
262 #define pmd_present(pmd) (pmd_val(pmd) & PAGE_MASK)
263 #define pmd_bad(pmd)	 (pmd_val(pmd) & ~PAGE_MASK)
264 #define pmd_clear(pmdp)	 do { set_pmd(pmdp, __pmd(0)); } while (0)
265 
266 static inline int pte_write(pte_t pte) { return pte_val(pte) & _PAGE_WRITABLE; }
267 static inline int pte_dirty(pte_t pte) { return pte_val(pte) & _PAGE_DIRTY; }
268 static inline int pte_young(pte_t pte) { return pte_val(pte) & _PAGE_ACCESSED; }
269 
270 static inline pte_t pte_wrprotect(pte_t pte)
271 	{ pte_val(pte) &= ~(_PAGE_WRITABLE | _PAGE_HW_WRITE); return pte; }
272 static inline pte_t pte_mkclean(pte_t pte)
273 	{ pte_val(pte) &= ~(_PAGE_DIRTY | _PAGE_HW_WRITE); return pte; }
274 static inline pte_t pte_mkold(pte_t pte)
275 	{ pte_val(pte) &= ~_PAGE_ACCESSED; return pte; }
276 static inline pte_t pte_mkdirty(pte_t pte)
277 	{ pte_val(pte) |= _PAGE_DIRTY; return pte; }
278 static inline pte_t pte_mkyoung(pte_t pte)
279 	{ pte_val(pte) |= _PAGE_ACCESSED; return pte; }
280 static inline pte_t pte_mkwrite(pte_t pte)
281 	{ pte_val(pte) |= _PAGE_WRITABLE; return pte; }
282 
283 #define pgprot_noncached(prot) (__pgprot(pgprot_val(prot) & ~_PAGE_CA_MASK))
284 
285 /*
286  * Conversion functions: convert a page and protection to a page entry,
287  * and a page entry and page directory to the page they refer to.
288  */
289 
290 #define pte_pfn(pte)		(pte_val(pte) >> PAGE_SHIFT)
291 #define pte_same(a,b)		(pte_val(a) == pte_val(b))
292 #define pte_page(x)		pfn_to_page(pte_pfn(x))
293 #define pfn_pte(pfn, prot)	__pte(((pfn) << PAGE_SHIFT) | pgprot_val(prot))
294 #define mk_pte(page, prot)	pfn_pte(page_to_pfn(page), prot)
295 
296 static inline pte_t pte_modify(pte_t pte, pgprot_t newprot)
297 {
298 	return __pte((pte_val(pte) & _PAGE_CHG_MASK) | pgprot_val(newprot));
299 }
300 
301 /*
302  * Certain architectures need to do special things when pte's
303  * within a page table are directly modified.  Thus, the following
304  * hook is made available.
305  */
306 static inline void update_pte(pte_t *ptep, pte_t pteval)
307 {
308 	*ptep = pteval;
309 #if (DCACHE_WAY_SIZE > PAGE_SIZE) && XCHAL_DCACHE_IS_WRITEBACK
310 	__asm__ __volatile__ ("dhwb %0, 0" :: "a" (ptep));
311 #endif
312 
313 }
314 
315 struct mm_struct;
316 
317 static inline void
318 set_pte_at(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr, pte_t *ptep, pte_t pteval)
319 {
320 	update_pte(ptep, pteval);
321 }
322 
323 static inline void set_pte(pte_t *ptep, pte_t pteval)
324 {
325 	update_pte(ptep, pteval);
326 }
327 
328 static inline void
329 set_pmd(pmd_t *pmdp, pmd_t pmdval)
330 {
331 	*pmdp = pmdval;
332 }
333 
334 struct vm_area_struct;
335 
336 static inline int
337 ptep_test_and_clear_young(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
338 			  pte_t *ptep)
339 {
340 	pte_t pte = *ptep;
341 	if (!pte_young(pte))
342 		return 0;
343 	update_pte(ptep, pte_mkold(pte));
344 	return 1;
345 }
346 
347 static inline pte_t
348 ptep_get_and_clear(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr, pte_t *ptep)
349 {
350 	pte_t pte = *ptep;
351 	pte_clear(mm, addr, ptep);
352 	return pte;
353 }
354 
355 static inline void
356 ptep_set_wrprotect(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr, pte_t *ptep)
357 {
358 	pte_t pte = *ptep;
359 	update_pte(ptep, pte_wrprotect(pte));
360 }
361 
362 /*
363  * Encode and decode a swap and file entry.
364  */
365 #define SWP_TYPE_BITS		5
366 #define MAX_SWAPFILES_CHECK() BUILD_BUG_ON(MAX_SWAPFILES_SHIFT > SWP_TYPE_BITS)
367 
368 #define __swp_type(entry)	(((entry).val >> 6) & 0x1f)
369 #define __swp_offset(entry)	((entry).val >> 11)
370 #define __swp_entry(type,offs)	\
371 	((swp_entry_t){((type) << 6) | ((offs) << 11) | \
372 	 _PAGE_CA_INVALID | _PAGE_USER})
373 #define __pte_to_swp_entry(pte)	((swp_entry_t) { pte_val(pte) })
374 #define __swp_entry_to_pte(x)	((pte_t) { (x).val })
375 
376 #endif /*  !defined (__ASSEMBLY__) */
377 
378 
379 #ifdef __ASSEMBLY__
380 
381 /* Assembly macro _PGD_INDEX is the same as C pgd_index(unsigned long),
382  *                _PGD_OFFSET as C pgd_offset(struct mm_struct*, unsigned long),
383  *                _PMD_OFFSET as C pmd_offset(pgd_t*, unsigned long)
384  *                _PTE_OFFSET as C pte_offset(pmd_t*, unsigned long)
385  *
386  * Note: We require an additional temporary register which can be the same as
387  *       the register that holds the address.
388  *
389  * ((pte_t*) ((unsigned long)(pmd_val(*pmd) & PAGE_MASK)) + pte_index(addr))
390  *
391  */
392 #define _PGD_INDEX(rt,rs)	extui	rt, rs, PGDIR_SHIFT, 32-PGDIR_SHIFT
393 #define _PTE_INDEX(rt,rs)	extui	rt, rs, PAGE_SHIFT, PTRS_PER_PTE_SHIFT
394 
395 #define _PGD_OFFSET(mm,adr,tmp)		l32i	mm, mm, MM_PGD;		\
396 					_PGD_INDEX(tmp, adr);		\
397 					addx4	mm, tmp, mm
398 
399 #define _PTE_OFFSET(pmd,adr,tmp)	_PTE_INDEX(tmp, adr);		\
400 					srli	pmd, pmd, PAGE_SHIFT;	\
401 					slli	pmd, pmd, PAGE_SHIFT;	\
402 					addx4	pmd, tmp, pmd
403 
404 #else
405 
406 #define kern_addr_valid(addr)	(1)
407 
408 extern  void update_mmu_cache(struct vm_area_struct * vma,
409 			      unsigned long address, pte_t *ptep);
410 
411 typedef pte_t *pte_addr_t;
412 
413 #endif /* !defined (__ASSEMBLY__) */
414 
415 #define __HAVE_ARCH_PTEP_TEST_AND_CLEAR_YOUNG
416 #define __HAVE_ARCH_PTEP_GET_AND_CLEAR
417 #define __HAVE_ARCH_PTEP_SET_WRPROTECT
418 #define __HAVE_ARCH_PTEP_MKDIRTY
419 #define __HAVE_ARCH_PTE_SAME
420 /* We provide our own get_unmapped_area to cope with
421  * SHM area cache aliasing for userland.
422  */
423 #define HAVE_ARCH_UNMAPPED_AREA
424 
425 #endif /* _XTENSA_PGTABLE_H */
426