xref: /linux/arch/xtensa/include/asm/pgtable.h (revision 6f52b16c5b29b89d92c0e7236f4655dc8491ad70)
1 /*
2  * include/asm-xtensa/pgtable.h
3  *
4  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
5  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
6  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
7  *
8  * Copyright (C) 2001 - 2013 Tensilica Inc.
9  */
10 
11 #ifndef _XTENSA_PGTABLE_H
12 #define _XTENSA_PGTABLE_H
13 
14 #define __ARCH_USE_5LEVEL_HACK
15 #include <asm-generic/pgtable-nopmd.h>
16 #include <asm/page.h>
17 #include <asm/kmem_layout.h>
18 
19 /*
20  * We only use two ring levels, user and kernel space.
21  */
22 
23 #ifdef CONFIG_MMU
24 #define USER_RING		1	/* user ring level */
25 #else
26 #define USER_RING		0
27 #endif
28 #define KERNEL_RING		0	/* kernel ring level */
29 
30 /*
31  * The Xtensa architecture port of Linux has a two-level page table system,
32  * i.e. the logical three-level Linux page table layout is folded.
33  * Each task has the following memory page tables:
34  *
35  *   PGD table (page directory), ie. 3rd-level page table:
36  *	One page (4 kB) of 1024 (PTRS_PER_PGD) pointers to PTE tables
37  *	(Architectures that don't have the PMD folded point to the PMD tables)
38  *
39  *	The pointer to the PGD table for a given task can be retrieved from
40  *	the task structure (struct task_struct*) t, e.g. current():
41  *	  (t->mm ? t->mm : t->active_mm)->pgd
42  *
43  *   PMD tables (page middle-directory), ie. 2nd-level page tables:
44  *	Absent for the Xtensa architecture (folded, PTRS_PER_PMD == 1).
45  *
46  *   PTE tables (page table entry), ie. 1st-level page tables:
47  *	One page (4 kB) of 1024 (PTRS_PER_PTE) PTEs with a special PTE
48  *	invalid_pte_table for absent mappings.
49  *
50  * The individual pages are 4 kB big with special pages for the empty_zero_page.
51  */
52 
53 #define PGDIR_SHIFT	22
54 #define PGDIR_SIZE	(1UL << PGDIR_SHIFT)
55 #define PGDIR_MASK	(~(PGDIR_SIZE-1))
56 
57 /*
58  * Entries per page directory level: we use two-level, so
59  * we don't really have any PMD directory physically.
60  */
61 #define PTRS_PER_PTE		1024
62 #define PTRS_PER_PTE_SHIFT	10
63 #define PTRS_PER_PGD		1024
64 #define PGD_ORDER		0
65 #define USER_PTRS_PER_PGD	(TASK_SIZE/PGDIR_SIZE)
66 #define FIRST_USER_ADDRESS	0UL
67 #define FIRST_USER_PGD_NR	(FIRST_USER_ADDRESS >> PGDIR_SHIFT)
68 
69 /*
70  * Virtual memory area. We keep a distance to other memory regions to be
71  * on the safe side. We also use this area for cache aliasing.
72  */
73 #define VMALLOC_START		(XCHAL_KSEG_CACHED_VADDR - 0x10000000)
74 #define VMALLOC_END		(VMALLOC_START + 0x07FEFFFF)
75 #define TLBTEMP_BASE_1		(VMALLOC_END + 1)
76 #define TLBTEMP_BASE_2		(TLBTEMP_BASE_1 + DCACHE_WAY_SIZE)
77 #if 2 * DCACHE_WAY_SIZE > ICACHE_WAY_SIZE
78 #define TLBTEMP_SIZE		(2 * DCACHE_WAY_SIZE)
79 #else
80 #define TLBTEMP_SIZE		ICACHE_WAY_SIZE
81 #endif
82 
83 /*
84  * For the Xtensa architecture, the PTE layout is as follows:
85  *
86  *		31------12  11  10-9   8-6  5-4  3-2  1-0
87  *		+-----------------------------------------+
88  *		|           |   Software   |   HARDWARE   |
89  *		|    PPN    |          ADW | RI |Attribute|
90  *		+-----------------------------------------+
91  *   pte_none	|             MBZ          | 01 | 11 | 00 |
92  *		+-----------------------------------------+
93  *   present	|    PPN    | 0 | 00 | ADW | RI | CA | wx |
94  *		+- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -+
95  *   (PAGE_NONE)|    PPN    | 0 | 00 | ADW | 01 | 11 | 11 |
96  *		+-----------------------------------------+
97  *   swap	|     index     |   type   | 01 | 11 | 00 |
98  *		+-----------------------------------------+
99  *
100  * For T1050 hardware and earlier the layout differs for present and (PAGE_NONE)
101  *		+-----------------------------------------+
102  *   present	|    PPN    | 0 | 00 | ADW | RI | CA | w1 |
103  *		+-----------------------------------------+
104  *   (PAGE_NONE)|    PPN    | 0 | 00 | ADW | 01 | 01 | 00 |
105  *		+-----------------------------------------+
106  *
107  *  Legend:
108  *   PPN        Physical Page Number
109  *   ADW	software: accessed (young) / dirty / writable
110  *   RI         ring (0=privileged, 1=user, 2 and 3 are unused)
111  *   CA		cache attribute: 00 bypass, 01 writeback, 10 writethrough
112  *		(11 is invalid and used to mark pages that are not present)
113  *   w		page is writable (hw)
114  *   x		page is executable (hw)
115  *   index      swap offset / PAGE_SIZE (bit 11-31: 21 bits -> 8 GB)
116  *		(note that the index is always non-zero)
117  *   type       swap type (5 bits -> 32 types)
118  *
119  *  Notes:
120  *   - (PROT_NONE) is a special case of 'present' but causes an exception for
121  *     any access (read, write, and execute).
122  *   - 'multihit-exception' has the highest priority of all MMU exceptions,
123  *     so the ring must be set to 'RING_USER' even for 'non-present' pages.
124  *   - on older hardware, the exectuable flag was not supported and
125  *     used as a 'valid' flag, so it needs to be always set.
126  *   - we need to keep track of certain flags in software (dirty and young)
127  *     to do this, we use write exceptions and have a separate software w-flag.
128  *   - attribute value 1101 (and 1111 on T1050 and earlier) is reserved
129  */
130 
131 #define _PAGE_ATTRIB_MASK	0xf
132 
133 #define _PAGE_HW_EXEC		(1<<0)	/* hardware: page is executable */
134 #define _PAGE_HW_WRITE		(1<<1)	/* hardware: page is writable */
135 
136 #define _PAGE_CA_BYPASS		(0<<2)	/* bypass, non-speculative */
137 #define _PAGE_CA_WB		(1<<2)	/* write-back */
138 #define _PAGE_CA_WT		(2<<2)	/* write-through */
139 #define _PAGE_CA_MASK		(3<<2)
140 #define _PAGE_CA_INVALID	(3<<2)
141 
142 /* We use invalid attribute values to distinguish special pte entries */
143 #if XCHAL_HW_VERSION_MAJOR < 2000
144 #define _PAGE_HW_VALID		0x01	/* older HW needed this bit set */
145 #define _PAGE_NONE		0x04
146 #else
147 #define _PAGE_HW_VALID		0x00
148 #define _PAGE_NONE		0x0f
149 #endif
150 
151 #define _PAGE_USER		(1<<4)	/* user access (ring=1) */
152 
153 /* Software */
154 #define _PAGE_WRITABLE_BIT	6
155 #define _PAGE_WRITABLE		(1<<6)	/* software: page writable */
156 #define _PAGE_DIRTY		(1<<7)	/* software: page dirty */
157 #define _PAGE_ACCESSED		(1<<8)	/* software: page accessed (read) */
158 
159 #ifdef CONFIG_MMU
160 
161 #define _PAGE_CHG_MASK	   (PAGE_MASK | _PAGE_ACCESSED | _PAGE_DIRTY)
162 #define _PAGE_PRESENT	   (_PAGE_HW_VALID | _PAGE_CA_WB | _PAGE_ACCESSED)
163 
164 #define PAGE_NONE	   __pgprot(_PAGE_NONE | _PAGE_USER)
165 #define PAGE_COPY	   __pgprot(_PAGE_PRESENT | _PAGE_USER)
166 #define PAGE_COPY_EXEC	   __pgprot(_PAGE_PRESENT | _PAGE_USER | _PAGE_HW_EXEC)
167 #define PAGE_READONLY	   __pgprot(_PAGE_PRESENT | _PAGE_USER)
168 #define PAGE_READONLY_EXEC __pgprot(_PAGE_PRESENT | _PAGE_USER | _PAGE_HW_EXEC)
169 #define PAGE_SHARED	   __pgprot(_PAGE_PRESENT | _PAGE_USER | _PAGE_WRITABLE)
170 #define PAGE_SHARED_EXEC \
171 	__pgprot(_PAGE_PRESENT | _PAGE_USER | _PAGE_WRITABLE | _PAGE_HW_EXEC)
172 #define PAGE_KERNEL	   __pgprot(_PAGE_PRESENT | _PAGE_HW_WRITE)
173 #define PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC   __pgprot(_PAGE_PRESENT|_PAGE_HW_WRITE|_PAGE_HW_EXEC)
174 
175 #if (DCACHE_WAY_SIZE > PAGE_SIZE)
176 # define _PAGE_DIRECTORY   (_PAGE_HW_VALID | _PAGE_ACCESSED | _PAGE_CA_BYPASS)
177 #else
178 # define _PAGE_DIRECTORY   (_PAGE_HW_VALID | _PAGE_ACCESSED | _PAGE_CA_WB)
179 #endif
180 
181 #else /* no mmu */
182 
183 # define _PAGE_CHG_MASK  (PAGE_MASK | _PAGE_ACCESSED | _PAGE_DIRTY)
184 # define PAGE_NONE       __pgprot(0)
185 # define PAGE_SHARED     __pgprot(0)
186 # define PAGE_COPY       __pgprot(0)
187 # define PAGE_READONLY   __pgprot(0)
188 # define PAGE_KERNEL     __pgprot(0)
189 
190 #endif
191 
192 /*
193  * On certain configurations of Xtensa MMUs (eg. the initial Linux config),
194  * the MMU can't do page protection for execute, and considers that the same as
195  * read.  Also, write permissions may imply read permissions.
196  * What follows is the closest we can get by reasonable means..
197  * See linux/mm/mmap.c for protection_map[] array that uses these definitions.
198  */
199 #define __P000	PAGE_NONE		/* private --- */
200 #define __P001	PAGE_READONLY		/* private --r */
201 #define __P010	PAGE_COPY		/* private -w- */
202 #define __P011	PAGE_COPY		/* private -wr */
203 #define __P100	PAGE_READONLY_EXEC	/* private x-- */
204 #define __P101	PAGE_READONLY_EXEC	/* private x-r */
205 #define __P110	PAGE_COPY_EXEC		/* private xw- */
206 #define __P111	PAGE_COPY_EXEC		/* private xwr */
207 
208 #define __S000	PAGE_NONE		/* shared  --- */
209 #define __S001	PAGE_READONLY		/* shared  --r */
210 #define __S010	PAGE_SHARED		/* shared  -w- */
211 #define __S011	PAGE_SHARED		/* shared  -wr */
212 #define __S100	PAGE_READONLY_EXEC	/* shared  x-- */
213 #define __S101	PAGE_READONLY_EXEC	/* shared  x-r */
214 #define __S110	PAGE_SHARED_EXEC	/* shared  xw- */
215 #define __S111	PAGE_SHARED_EXEC	/* shared  xwr */
216 
217 #ifndef __ASSEMBLY__
218 
219 #define pte_ERROR(e) \
220 	printk("%s:%d: bad pte %08lx.\n", __FILE__, __LINE__, pte_val(e))
221 #define pgd_ERROR(e) \
222 	printk("%s:%d: bad pgd entry %08lx.\n", __FILE__, __LINE__, pgd_val(e))
223 
224 extern unsigned long empty_zero_page[1024];
225 
226 #define ZERO_PAGE(vaddr) (virt_to_page(empty_zero_page))
227 
228 #ifdef CONFIG_MMU
229 extern pgd_t swapper_pg_dir[PAGE_SIZE/sizeof(pgd_t)];
230 extern void paging_init(void);
231 #else
232 # define swapper_pg_dir NULL
233 static inline void paging_init(void) { }
234 #endif
235 static inline void pgtable_cache_init(void) { }
236 
237 /*
238  * The pmd contains the kernel virtual address of the pte page.
239  */
240 #define pmd_page_vaddr(pmd) ((unsigned long)(pmd_val(pmd) & PAGE_MASK))
241 #define pmd_page(pmd) virt_to_page(pmd_val(pmd))
242 
243 /*
244  * pte status.
245  */
246 # define pte_none(pte)	 (pte_val(pte) == (_PAGE_CA_INVALID | _PAGE_USER))
247 #if XCHAL_HW_VERSION_MAJOR < 2000
248 # define pte_present(pte) ((pte_val(pte) & _PAGE_CA_MASK) != _PAGE_CA_INVALID)
249 #else
250 # define pte_present(pte)						\
251 	(((pte_val(pte) & _PAGE_CA_MASK) != _PAGE_CA_INVALID)		\
252 	 || ((pte_val(pte) & _PAGE_ATTRIB_MASK) == _PAGE_NONE))
253 #endif
254 #define pte_clear(mm,addr,ptep)						\
255 	do { update_pte(ptep, __pte(_PAGE_CA_INVALID | _PAGE_USER)); } while (0)
256 
257 #define pmd_none(pmd)	 (!pmd_val(pmd))
258 #define pmd_present(pmd) (pmd_val(pmd) & PAGE_MASK)
259 #define pmd_bad(pmd)	 (pmd_val(pmd) & ~PAGE_MASK)
260 #define pmd_clear(pmdp)	 do { set_pmd(pmdp, __pmd(0)); } while (0)
261 
262 static inline int pte_write(pte_t pte) { return pte_val(pte) & _PAGE_WRITABLE; }
263 static inline int pte_dirty(pte_t pte) { return pte_val(pte) & _PAGE_DIRTY; }
264 static inline int pte_young(pte_t pte) { return pte_val(pte) & _PAGE_ACCESSED; }
265 static inline int pte_special(pte_t pte) { return 0; }
266 
267 static inline pte_t pte_wrprotect(pte_t pte)
268 	{ pte_val(pte) &= ~(_PAGE_WRITABLE | _PAGE_HW_WRITE); return pte; }
269 static inline pte_t pte_mkclean(pte_t pte)
270 	{ pte_val(pte) &= ~(_PAGE_DIRTY | _PAGE_HW_WRITE); return pte; }
271 static inline pte_t pte_mkold(pte_t pte)
272 	{ pte_val(pte) &= ~_PAGE_ACCESSED; return pte; }
273 static inline pte_t pte_mkdirty(pte_t pte)
274 	{ pte_val(pte) |= _PAGE_DIRTY; return pte; }
275 static inline pte_t pte_mkyoung(pte_t pte)
276 	{ pte_val(pte) |= _PAGE_ACCESSED; return pte; }
277 static inline pte_t pte_mkwrite(pte_t pte)
278 	{ pte_val(pte) |= _PAGE_WRITABLE; return pte; }
279 static inline pte_t pte_mkspecial(pte_t pte)
280 	{ return pte; }
281 
282 #define pgprot_noncached(prot) (__pgprot(pgprot_val(prot) & ~_PAGE_CA_MASK))
283 
284 /*
285  * Conversion functions: convert a page and protection to a page entry,
286  * and a page entry and page directory to the page they refer to.
287  */
288 
289 #define pte_pfn(pte)		(pte_val(pte) >> PAGE_SHIFT)
290 #define pte_same(a,b)		(pte_val(a) == pte_val(b))
291 #define pte_page(x)		pfn_to_page(pte_pfn(x))
292 #define pfn_pte(pfn, prot)	__pte(((pfn) << PAGE_SHIFT) | pgprot_val(prot))
293 #define mk_pte(page, prot)	pfn_pte(page_to_pfn(page), prot)
294 
295 static inline pte_t pte_modify(pte_t pte, pgprot_t newprot)
296 {
297 	return __pte((pte_val(pte) & _PAGE_CHG_MASK) | pgprot_val(newprot));
298 }
299 
300 /*
301  * Certain architectures need to do special things when pte's
302  * within a page table are directly modified.  Thus, the following
303  * hook is made available.
304  */
305 static inline void update_pte(pte_t *ptep, pte_t pteval)
306 {
307 	*ptep = pteval;
308 #if (DCACHE_WAY_SIZE > PAGE_SIZE) && XCHAL_DCACHE_IS_WRITEBACK
309 	__asm__ __volatile__ ("dhwb %0, 0" :: "a" (ptep));
310 #endif
311 
312 }
313 
314 struct mm_struct;
315 
316 static inline void
317 set_pte_at(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr, pte_t *ptep, pte_t pteval)
318 {
319 	update_pte(ptep, pteval);
320 }
321 
322 static inline void set_pte(pte_t *ptep, pte_t pteval)
323 {
324 	update_pte(ptep, pteval);
325 }
326 
327 static inline void
328 set_pmd(pmd_t *pmdp, pmd_t pmdval)
329 {
330 	*pmdp = pmdval;
331 }
332 
333 struct vm_area_struct;
334 
335 static inline int
336 ptep_test_and_clear_young(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
337 			  pte_t *ptep)
338 {
339 	pte_t pte = *ptep;
340 	if (!pte_young(pte))
341 		return 0;
342 	update_pte(ptep, pte_mkold(pte));
343 	return 1;
344 }
345 
346 static inline pte_t
347 ptep_get_and_clear(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr, pte_t *ptep)
348 {
349 	pte_t pte = *ptep;
350 	pte_clear(mm, addr, ptep);
351 	return pte;
352 }
353 
354 static inline void
355 ptep_set_wrprotect(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr, pte_t *ptep)
356 {
357 	pte_t pte = *ptep;
358 	update_pte(ptep, pte_wrprotect(pte));
359 }
360 
361 /* to find an entry in a kernel page-table-directory */
362 #define pgd_offset_k(address)	pgd_offset(&init_mm, address)
363 
364 /* to find an entry in a page-table-directory */
365 #define pgd_offset(mm,address)	((mm)->pgd + pgd_index(address))
366 
367 #define pgd_index(address)	((address) >> PGDIR_SHIFT)
368 
369 /* Find an entry in the second-level page table.. */
370 #define pmd_offset(dir,address) ((pmd_t*)(dir))
371 
372 /* Find an entry in the third-level page table.. */
373 #define pte_index(address)	(((address) >> PAGE_SHIFT) & (PTRS_PER_PTE - 1))
374 #define pte_offset_kernel(dir,addr) 					\
375 	((pte_t*) pmd_page_vaddr(*(dir)) + pte_index(addr))
376 #define pte_offset_map(dir,addr)	pte_offset_kernel((dir),(addr))
377 #define pte_unmap(pte)		do { } while (0)
378 
379 
380 /*
381  * Encode and decode a swap and file entry.
382  */
383 #define SWP_TYPE_BITS		5
384 #define MAX_SWAPFILES_CHECK() BUILD_BUG_ON(MAX_SWAPFILES_SHIFT > SWP_TYPE_BITS)
385 
386 #define __swp_type(entry)	(((entry).val >> 6) & 0x1f)
387 #define __swp_offset(entry)	((entry).val >> 11)
388 #define __swp_entry(type,offs)	\
389 	((swp_entry_t){((type) << 6) | ((offs) << 11) | \
390 	 _PAGE_CA_INVALID | _PAGE_USER})
391 #define __pte_to_swp_entry(pte)	((swp_entry_t) { pte_val(pte) })
392 #define __swp_entry_to_pte(x)	((pte_t) { (x).val })
393 
394 #endif /*  !defined (__ASSEMBLY__) */
395 
396 
397 #ifdef __ASSEMBLY__
398 
399 /* Assembly macro _PGD_INDEX is the same as C pgd_index(unsigned long),
400  *                _PGD_OFFSET as C pgd_offset(struct mm_struct*, unsigned long),
401  *                _PMD_OFFSET as C pmd_offset(pgd_t*, unsigned long)
402  *                _PTE_OFFSET as C pte_offset(pmd_t*, unsigned long)
403  *
404  * Note: We require an additional temporary register which can be the same as
405  *       the register that holds the address.
406  *
407  * ((pte_t*) ((unsigned long)(pmd_val(*pmd) & PAGE_MASK)) + pte_index(addr))
408  *
409  */
410 #define _PGD_INDEX(rt,rs)	extui	rt, rs, PGDIR_SHIFT, 32-PGDIR_SHIFT
411 #define _PTE_INDEX(rt,rs)	extui	rt, rs, PAGE_SHIFT, PTRS_PER_PTE_SHIFT
412 
413 #define _PGD_OFFSET(mm,adr,tmp)		l32i	mm, mm, MM_PGD;		\
414 					_PGD_INDEX(tmp, adr);		\
415 					addx4	mm, tmp, mm
416 
417 #define _PTE_OFFSET(pmd,adr,tmp)	_PTE_INDEX(tmp, adr);		\
418 					srli	pmd, pmd, PAGE_SHIFT;	\
419 					slli	pmd, pmd, PAGE_SHIFT;	\
420 					addx4	pmd, tmp, pmd
421 
422 #else
423 
424 #define kern_addr_valid(addr)	(1)
425 
426 extern  void update_mmu_cache(struct vm_area_struct * vma,
427 			      unsigned long address, pte_t *ptep);
428 
429 typedef pte_t *pte_addr_t;
430 
431 #endif /* !defined (__ASSEMBLY__) */
432 
433 #define __HAVE_ARCH_PTEP_TEST_AND_CLEAR_YOUNG
434 #define __HAVE_ARCH_PTEP_GET_AND_CLEAR
435 #define __HAVE_ARCH_PTEP_SET_WRPROTECT
436 #define __HAVE_ARCH_PTEP_MKDIRTY
437 #define __HAVE_ARCH_PTE_SAME
438 /* We provide our own get_unmapped_area to cope with
439  * SHM area cache aliasing for userland.
440  */
441 #define HAVE_ARCH_UNMAPPED_AREA
442 
443 #include <asm-generic/pgtable.h>
444 
445 #endif /* _XTENSA_PGTABLE_H */
446